北师大版（2019） 选择性必修 第三册Unit9 Human Biology-Focuson Language课件（35张PPT）
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| 名称 | 北师大版（2019） 选择性必修 第三册Unit9 Human Biology-Focuson Language课件（35张PPT） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 北师大版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-18 15:35:45 | ||
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(共35张PPT)
Human Biology
Unit 9
Focus on Language
The Perfect
The Perfect
完成时
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Identify the tense of the sentences and write the number in the correct columns.
1. Natural cloning has been going on for generations.
2. Gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they
take a cutting from a plant…
3. For years, there had been attempts to clone animals.
4. Cloning primates has been proved to be “much harder”
than cloning other species.
5. Dr. Sun Qiang said they had been wholly devoted to the
research…
6. Dr. Sun Qiang said they had been taking care of more
than 1,000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week…
P55 11
Present perfect Present perfect continuous Past perfect Past perfect continous
4
1, 2
3, 5
6
Pay attention to the underlined parts and
get the structure they use.
I have visited California every summer since I was 18.
I have been painting the house all day. I'm exhausted.
The train had left before we arrived at the station.
He had been studying English for two years before he
went to London.
Present Perfect: have/has + v-ed
Present Perfect Continuous: have/has been + v-ing
Past Perfect: had + v-ed
Past Perfect Continuous: had been + v-ing
Now, let’s learn more about
the perfect.
Focus on
基本用法
Present Perfect
(现在完成时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
1. 用法
动作发生在过去, 强调对现在的结果、影响等。
1. He has been away from the city.
2. Someone has broken the window.
3. I've got a letter from my aunt.
他已离开这个城市。
(结果：他不在这个城市。)
有人把窗户打破了。
(结果：窗户仍破着。)
我收到姨母的一封信。
(结果：因此知道她的近况。)
表示动作发生在过去, 并且一直持续到现在, 甚至
还可能继续下去, 句中使用持续性动词, 且常有表
示一段时间的时间状语。
1. He has taught in our school for 30 years.
2. He has been busy since last week.
3. We've lived here for over ten years.
他在我们学校教书已有30年了。
自上个星期以来他一直很忙。
我们在这里住了10多年了。
2. 构成
1. I have enjoyed working in this job.
2. She has thought about it for a long time.
3. They have all agreed that it is the best
course of action.
我喜欢这份工作。
她已经想了很久了。
他们都已经同意这是最好的行动方针。
现在完成时的构成: have/has + v-ed
Focus on
基本用法
Present Perfect Continuous
(现在完成进行时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
3. 现在完成进行时和
现在完成时的区别
1. 用法
① I've been looking for my dog and still
haven't found it.
② Her eyes are red. Has she been crying
the action started in the past and continue in the present
Past
Present
Future
the action started in the past and have just finished but we are interested in the result
Past
Present
Future
现在完成进行时表示
动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在；
或者始于过去，现在刚刚终止，但注重的是结果。
① A private detective has been tailing (跟踪) him
for several weeks.
② Craig loves outdoor activities - he skis in
winter and has been fishing and hunting
since he was a child.
一位私人侦探几个星期以来一直在跟踪他。
Craig热爱户外活动，冬天他去滑雪，他从小
就开始钓鱼和打猎。
现在完成进行时常与表示一段时间的状语连
用，例如：all the time, this week, all night,
these few days, for…, since…等。
1. I have been waiting for him for the past hour.
2. Ai has been studying all day.
3. She has been running in a lot of races recently.
4. I have been looking for my smartphone all day.
5. She's been finding the work challenging lately.
现在完成进行时的构成: have/has been + v-ing
2. 构成
(and he still hasn't arrived)
(and she is still studying now)
(and she hasn't stopped this)
(and I haven't found it yet)
(and she still finds it challenging)
① I've been designing solar racing cars.
② I've designed five or six different cars.
我一直在设计太阳能赛车。
我已经设计五六辆小汽车了。
1. 在不同时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时的
动作不一定已经完成，很可能持续下去，而现
在完成时一般表示动作已经完成。
即现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性，而现在
完成时强调动作的结果。
3. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
① I've been taking part in races for four
years.
② How many races have you taken part in
我这四年一直在参加比赛。
你参加多少场比赛了
2. 现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，
而现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复。
① Recently Mary has been doing sports
regularly.
② Recently Mary has done her sports
regularly.
最近玛丽一直定期做运动。(有表扬意味)
最近玛丽定期做运动。(只说明一个事实)
3. 现在完成进行时与所有进行时态一样带有感
彩，可使表达显得生动，而现在完成时
往往只表明一个事实、一种影响或结果，不
带感彩。
某些不具延续性含义的动词，如come, go,
marry, die, finish等，不适用于现在完成进行
时，但可用于现在完成时。
We have finished the homework.
We have been finishing the homework.
我们已经完成了家庭作业。
Focus on
基本用法
Past Perfect
(过去完成时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
3. 常用固定句型
过去完成时的用法
① Before we got to the train station,
the train had already left.
② Before I could say “thank you”, he had run away.
我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。
我还没来得及说谢谢，他就跑开了。
1. 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前
完成的动作或存在的状态。
① By the end of last term, we had learnt 2,000 English words.
② They had lived there for ten years by then.
到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了2,000个
英语单词了。
到那时为止，他们已经在那住了10年了。
2. 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去
的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有
by then, by the end of, by the time等。
① I had intended to meet him at the airport,
but I had an important meeting to attend.
② I had hoped to take a holiday this year but
I was not able to get away.
我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会议要参加。
我原打算今年去度假，可是我离不开。
3. 表示愿望、打算等的动词，如hope, want,
expect, think, mean, suppose, intend, plan等后
接从句时，一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现
而未实现的愿望和计划。
① When I arrived Jane had just left.
② The play had already started when we
got to the theatre.
③ By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients.
过去完成时的构成
我到时简刚刚离开。
我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。
到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。
过去完成时的构成: had + v-ed
过去完成时用于一些固定句型：
It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall.
这是我第一次参观长城。
(1) It/That was+the first/second…+time+
that从句，从句谓语常用过去完成时。
It was three years since he had joined the army.
他参军三年了。
(2) It was+一段时间+since从句，从句谓语
用过去完成时。
① Hardly had he got into his big office
when the telephone rang.
② No sooner had he arrived than he was
asked to leave again.
他刚进入他的大办公室， 电话铃响了。
(3) 在句型Hardly/Scarcely…when…和 No
sooner…than…中，主句常用过去完成
时, 从句用一般过去时，表示“一……
就……”。
他刚到就被要求离开。
Focus on
基本用法
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
(过去完成进行时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
1. 用法
(1) I had been looking for the book for days
before I found it.
(2) We had been waiting for him for over an
hour when he finally arrived.
表示过去某时开始并持续到过去某时的动作。
这本书我找了好多天才找着的。
我们等了他一个多小时，他终于到了。
Past
Present
Future
We use the past perfect continuous tense to describe an ongoing action that started in the past and continued for some time in the past.
(1) He had been mentioning your name to me.
(2) We had only been driving for about
fifteen minutes when Jill asked me to
stop the car.
他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。
我们只开了大约15分钟，吉尔就让我停车。
表示过去某个确定的时间点内反复进行
的动作。
(1) He said, “I have been speaking to John.”
(直接引语)
(2) He thought, “She was watching me
when I passed.” (直接引语)
过去完成进行时可用在said, supposed等引起
的间接引语中，代替现在完成进行时。
= He said that he had been speaking to
John. (间接引语)
= He thought that she had been watching
him when he had passed. (间接引语)
(1) I had only been reading a few minutes
when he came in.
(2) She'd only been reviewing her lessons for
a short while when her little sister
interrupted her.
过去完成进行时之后也可接具有“突然”
之意的when分句。
我刚看了几分钟他就进来了。
她温习功课才一会儿，她妹妹就打断她了。
I had been walking around all morning
before I found her.
We had been trying to find the right road
for nearly an hour before we finally
spotted (看见) it.
They had been watching the series for three
months.
She had been asking for help but no one
took any notice.
2. 构成
过去完成进行时的构成：had been + v-ing
1.过去完成进行时没有被动语态形式。
2.不能用于进行时态的动词均不能用于过去完成
进行时(want / wish除外)。
The boy was delighted with his new toy.
He had been wanting one for a long time.
3.过去完成进行时很少用于否定句，而多以过去
完成时代替。
He had not practiced English for many years.
(过去完成时)
He had not been practicing English for many
years. (很少见)
had + v-ed
have / has been + v-ing
Present Perfect (现在完成时)
Present Perfect Continuous (现在完成进行时)
Past Perfect (过去完成时)
have / has + v-ed
The Perfect
(完成时)
had been + v-ing
Past Perfect Continuous
(过去完成进行时)
实战高考。
1. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
It doesn't impress like George Washington's
plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home
in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___________
___________ (prove) irresistible to visitors
since it opened to the public.
2. 【2021.3 天津卷 单选】
We _____ quite enough work for the morning;
now let's take a break.
A. have done B. will do
C. had done D. were doing
has proved /
has proven
3.【2020 浙江卷 语法填空】
By about 6000 BC, people _____________
(discover) the best crops to grow and
animals to raise.
4.【2020 江苏卷 单选】
Instead of getting down to a new task as I
_____, he examined the previous work
again.
A. had expected B. have expected
C. would expect D. expect
had discovered
5.【2020 天津卷 单选】
- You are a great swimmer.
- Thanks. It's because I __ a lot these days.
A. have been practising
B. was practising
C. would practise
D. had practised
用所给动词的适当形式填空
Up to now I 1______________( change ) quite a lot. I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642. I 2.__________( develop )very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I 3._________( build ) as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I 4.________________( programme ) by an operator, I could think and produce an answer quicker than any person. In 1936, a book 5.___________( write ) by my real father, Alan Turing, which was about how I could 6._________( create ) to solve any difficult mathematical problem. From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I 7.___________( grow ) as large as a room and I wondered if I would grow any larger. However, I 8.__________( make ) smaller as time went by. First, as a PC, and then as a laptop, I 9.______________( use ) in offices and homes since the 1970s. I have become very important in communication, finance and trade. Now I10._________( fill ) with wild happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race.
have changed
developed
was built
was programmed
was written
be created
had grown
was made
have been used
am filled
Human Biology
Unit 9
Focus on Language
The Perfect
The Perfect
完成时
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Identify the tense of the sentences and write the number in the correct columns.
1. Natural cloning has been going on for generations.
2. Gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they
take a cutting from a plant…
3. For years, there had been attempts to clone animals.
4. Cloning primates has been proved to be “much harder”
than cloning other species.
5. Dr. Sun Qiang said they had been wholly devoted to the
research…
6. Dr. Sun Qiang said they had been taking care of more
than 1,000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week…
P55 11
Present perfect Present perfect continuous Past perfect Past perfect continous
4
1, 2
3, 5
6
Pay attention to the underlined parts and
get the structure they use.
I have visited California every summer since I was 18.
I have been painting the house all day. I'm exhausted.
The train had left before we arrived at the station.
He had been studying English for two years before he
went to London.
Present Perfect: have/has + v-ed
Present Perfect Continuous: have/has been + v-ing
Past Perfect: had + v-ed
Past Perfect Continuous: had been + v-ing
Now, let’s learn more about
the perfect.
Focus on
基本用法
Present Perfect
(现在完成时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
1. 用法
动作发生在过去, 强调对现在的结果、影响等。
1. He has been away from the city.
2. Someone has broken the window.
3. I've got a letter from my aunt.
他已离开这个城市。
(结果：他不在这个城市。)
有人把窗户打破了。
(结果：窗户仍破着。)
我收到姨母的一封信。
(结果：因此知道她的近况。)
表示动作发生在过去, 并且一直持续到现在, 甚至
还可能继续下去, 句中使用持续性动词, 且常有表
示一段时间的时间状语。
1. He has taught in our school for 30 years.
2. He has been busy since last week.
3. We've lived here for over ten years.
他在我们学校教书已有30年了。
自上个星期以来他一直很忙。
我们在这里住了10多年了。
2. 构成
1. I have enjoyed working in this job.
2. She has thought about it for a long time.
3. They have all agreed that it is the best
course of action.
我喜欢这份工作。
她已经想了很久了。
他们都已经同意这是最好的行动方针。
现在完成时的构成: have/has + v-ed
Focus on
基本用法
Present Perfect Continuous
(现在完成进行时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
3. 现在完成进行时和
现在完成时的区别
1. 用法
① I've been looking for my dog and still
haven't found it.
② Her eyes are red. Has she been crying
the action started in the past and continue in the present
Past
Present
Future
the action started in the past and have just finished but we are interested in the result
Past
Present
Future
现在完成进行时表示
动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在；
或者始于过去，现在刚刚终止，但注重的是结果。
① A private detective has been tailing (跟踪) him
for several weeks.
② Craig loves outdoor activities - he skis in
winter and has been fishing and hunting
since he was a child.
一位私人侦探几个星期以来一直在跟踪他。
Craig热爱户外活动，冬天他去滑雪，他从小
就开始钓鱼和打猎。
现在完成进行时常与表示一段时间的状语连
用，例如：all the time, this week, all night,
these few days, for…, since…等。
1. I have been waiting for him for the past hour.
2. Ai has been studying all day.
3. She has been running in a lot of races recently.
4. I have been looking for my smartphone all day.
5. She's been finding the work challenging lately.
现在完成进行时的构成: have/has been + v-ing
2. 构成
(and he still hasn't arrived)
(and she is still studying now)
(and she hasn't stopped this)
(and I haven't found it yet)
(and she still finds it challenging)
① I've been designing solar racing cars.
② I've designed five or six different cars.
我一直在设计太阳能赛车。
我已经设计五六辆小汽车了。
1. 在不同时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时的
动作不一定已经完成，很可能持续下去，而现
在完成时一般表示动作已经完成。
即现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性，而现在
完成时强调动作的结果。
3. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
① I've been taking part in races for four
years.
② How many races have you taken part in
我这四年一直在参加比赛。
你参加多少场比赛了
2. 现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，
而现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复。
① Recently Mary has been doing sports
regularly.
② Recently Mary has done her sports
regularly.
最近玛丽一直定期做运动。(有表扬意味)
最近玛丽定期做运动。(只说明一个事实)
3. 现在完成进行时与所有进行时态一样带有感
彩，可使表达显得生动，而现在完成时
往往只表明一个事实、一种影响或结果，不
带感彩。
某些不具延续性含义的动词，如come, go,
marry, die, finish等，不适用于现在完成进行
时，但可用于现在完成时。
We have finished the homework.
We have been finishing the homework.
我们已经完成了家庭作业。
Focus on
基本用法
Past Perfect
(过去完成时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
3. 常用固定句型
过去完成时的用法
① Before we got to the train station,
the train had already left.
② Before I could say “thank you”, he had run away.
我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。
我还没来得及说谢谢，他就跑开了。
1. 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前
完成的动作或存在的状态。
① By the end of last term, we had learnt 2,000 English words.
② They had lived there for ten years by then.
到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了2,000个
英语单词了。
到那时为止，他们已经在那住了10年了。
2. 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去
的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有
by then, by the end of, by the time等。
① I had intended to meet him at the airport,
but I had an important meeting to attend.
② I had hoped to take a holiday this year but
I was not able to get away.
我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会议要参加。
我原打算今年去度假，可是我离不开。
3. 表示愿望、打算等的动词，如hope, want,
expect, think, mean, suppose, intend, plan等后
接从句时，一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现
而未实现的愿望和计划。
① When I arrived Jane had just left.
② The play had already started when we
got to the theatre.
③ By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients.
过去完成时的构成
我到时简刚刚离开。
我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。
到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。
过去完成时的构成: had + v-ed
过去完成时用于一些固定句型：
It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall.
这是我第一次参观长城。
(1) It/That was+the first/second…+time+
that从句，从句谓语常用过去完成时。
It was three years since he had joined the army.
他参军三年了。
(2) It was+一段时间+since从句，从句谓语
用过去完成时。
① Hardly had he got into his big office
when the telephone rang.
② No sooner had he arrived than he was
asked to leave again.
他刚进入他的大办公室， 电话铃响了。
(3) 在句型Hardly/Scarcely…when…和 No
sooner…than…中，主句常用过去完成
时, 从句用一般过去时，表示“一……
就……”。
他刚到就被要求离开。
Focus on
基本用法
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
(过去完成进行时)
1. 用法
2. 构成
1. 用法
(1) I had been looking for the book for days
before I found it.
(2) We had been waiting for him for over an
hour when he finally arrived.
表示过去某时开始并持续到过去某时的动作。
这本书我找了好多天才找着的。
我们等了他一个多小时，他终于到了。
Past
Present
Future
We use the past perfect continuous tense to describe an ongoing action that started in the past and continued for some time in the past.
(1) He had been mentioning your name to me.
(2) We had only been driving for about
fifteen minutes when Jill asked me to
stop the car.
他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。
我们只开了大约15分钟，吉尔就让我停车。
表示过去某个确定的时间点内反复进行
的动作。
(1) He said, “I have been speaking to John.”
(直接引语)
(2) He thought, “She was watching me
when I passed.” (直接引语)
过去完成进行时可用在said, supposed等引起
的间接引语中，代替现在完成进行时。
= He said that he had been speaking to
John. (间接引语)
= He thought that she had been watching
him when he had passed. (间接引语)
(1) I had only been reading a few minutes
when he came in.
(2) She'd only been reviewing her lessons for
a short while when her little sister
interrupted her.
过去完成进行时之后也可接具有“突然”
之意的when分句。
我刚看了几分钟他就进来了。
她温习功课才一会儿，她妹妹就打断她了。
I had been walking around all morning
before I found her.
We had been trying to find the right road
for nearly an hour before we finally
spotted (看见) it.
They had been watching the series for three
months.
She had been asking for help but no one
took any notice.
2. 构成
过去完成进行时的构成：had been + v-ing
1.过去完成进行时没有被动语态形式。
2.不能用于进行时态的动词均不能用于过去完成
进行时(want / wish除外)。
The boy was delighted with his new toy.
He had been wanting one for a long time.
3.过去完成进行时很少用于否定句，而多以过去
完成时代替。
He had not practiced English for many years.
(过去完成时)
He had not been practicing English for many
years. (很少见)
had + v-ed
have / has been + v-ing
Present Perfect (现在完成时)
Present Perfect Continuous (现在完成进行时)
Past Perfect (过去完成时)
have / has + v-ed
The Perfect
(完成时)
had been + v-ing
Past Perfect Continuous
(过去完成进行时)
实战高考。
1. 【2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空】
It doesn't impress like George Washington's
plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home
in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___________
___________ (prove) irresistible to visitors
since it opened to the public.
2. 【2021.3 天津卷 单选】
We _____ quite enough work for the morning;
now let's take a break.
A. have done B. will do
C. had done D. were doing
has proved /
has proven
3.【2020 浙江卷 语法填空】
By about 6000 BC, people _____________
(discover) the best crops to grow and
animals to raise.
4.【2020 江苏卷 单选】
Instead of getting down to a new task as I
_____, he examined the previous work
again.
A. had expected B. have expected
C. would expect D. expect
had discovered
5.【2020 天津卷 单选】
- You are a great swimmer.
- Thanks. It's because I __ a lot these days.
A. have been practising
B. was practising
C. would practise
D. had practised
用所给动词的适当形式填空
Up to now I 1______________( change ) quite a lot. I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642. I 2.__________( develop )very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I 3._________( build ) as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I 4.________________( programme ) by an operator, I could think and produce an answer quicker than any person. In 1936, a book 5.___________( write ) by my real father, Alan Turing, which was about how I could 6._________( create ) to solve any difficult mathematical problem. From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I 7.___________( grow ) as large as a room and I wondered if I would grow any larger. However, I 8.__________( make ) smaller as time went by. First, as a PC, and then as a laptop, I 9.______________( use ) in offices and homes since the 1970s. I have become very important in communication, finance and trade. Now I10._________( fill ) with wild happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race.
have changed
developed
was built
was programmed
was written
be created
had grown
was made
have been used
am filled