(共26张PPT)
Period 3 Review useful structures
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
选择性必修四
人教版（2019）
Lead in
Look at the pictures and recall something about ZhengHe and Zac.
At age 16 Zac Sunderland set off into the Pacific Ocean on a quest, not only to see the world and have the adventure of a lifetime, but to become the youngest person to sail around the world alone.
Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He with seven fleets sailed west not only to explore and trade, but to show off the glory of the Yongle emperor.
Lead in
Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He with seven fleets sailed west not only to explore and trade, but to show off the glory of the Yongle emperor.
infinitive
used as adverbial
infinitive
used as adverbial
Read the sentence and pay attention to infinitives .
Lead in
At age 16 Zac Sunderland set off into the Pacific Ocean on a quest, not only to see the world and have the adventure of a lifetime, but to become the youngest person to sail around the world alone.
infinitive
used as adverbial
infinitive
used as adverbial
infinitive
used as attributive
Read the sentence and pay attention to infinitives .
Activity 1
The functions of infinitive 1 As the subject (S) 4 As the object complement (OC)
2 As the predicative (P) 5 As the attributive (Attr)
3 As the object (O) 6 As the adverbial (Ad)
Review the functions infinitive .
Activity 1
Find all the sentences containing infinitives in the reading passage. Then mark their functions.
To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for ...
Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals ...
which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.
( S)
(OC)
(Ad)
(O)
Avtivity 1
These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time.
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.
The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and ...
Trading has grown greatly ..., and will continue to do so in years to come.
( P)
( Attr)
( S)
( O)
( Attr)
Avtivity 1
... there are still many other places left to explore.
.. China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.
... there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
... the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
( Attr)
( Attr)
( Attr)
( Ad)
( Attr)
( Attr)
( OC)
动词不定式 主动 被动 用法
一般式 to do to be done 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生的动作
完成式 to have done to have been done 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作
进行式 to be doing / 表示正在进行的动作，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生
完成进行式 to have been doing / 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前一直进行的动作
不定式的构成与形式
Summary
不定式作主语
当主语较长、谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
e.g. It was wise of you to refuse his invitation.
It is necessary for yong man to master two foreign languages.
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
主语
Summary
不定式作宾语
常跟不定式作宾语的动词：
agree, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine,expect, fail, intend, learn, plan, manage,
prepare, pretend,promise, refuse, threaten, wish, offer,
I want to see you this evening.
宾语
Summary
e.g. They intend to close the school at the earliest opportunity.
被only, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式 作定语。
e.g. Mike was often the first student to arrive at school.
He was the only man to pass the examination.
有些名词后面常接不定式作定语，如ability, chance, desire, decision, effort, intention, need, opportunity, plan, promise, pressure, right, time, way等。
e.g. After months of unemployment, all he asked for was a chance to earn his bread.
不定式作定语
We found a house to live in.
定语
Summary
不定式作状语
不定式作状语，常表示目的、原因、结果等。
e.g. They were glad to see their son taken good care of in the kindergarten.
To catch the bus, I got up at six this morning．
I jumped with joy to hear it.
不定式作结果状语时，常用于“only +不定式”结构，表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果。
e.g. A friend of mine came to see me tonight.
Alan lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
She came here to study English.
状语
Summary
不定式作补语
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force,
get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, remind,
require,teach, tell, want, warn, wish, wait for, call on, depend on
跟不定式作补语的动词及动词词组：
e.g. I was interested in astronomy and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.
We’re trying to persuade manufacturers to sell them here.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
宾补
Summary
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
表语
不定式作表语
不定式作表语，可以表示目的、事态发展的结果、预期的结果或不幸的结局，如
e.g.The purpose of the project was to improve the traffic condition in this city.
They are to come before noon.
如果主语部分含有实义动词do，那么作表语的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。这时，表语是对主语的一种说明。
e.g.All I can do is (to) leave him alone.
The least I can do is (to) write to you to say thanks.
Summary
Join the words to make sentences using infinitives. Then decide the function of each infinitive.
He/encouraged me/participate in the surfing competition
2. The storm/seems/be getting closer
3. Magellan/was the first person/sail around the world
He encouraged me to participate in the surfing competition. (OC)
The storm seems to be getting closer. (P)
Magellan was the first person to sail around the world. (Attr)
Activity 2
4. The UN peacekeeping force/aims/maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts
5. The crowd/stood/applaud/scientists/for their important ocean research work
The UN peacekeeping force aims to maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts. (O)
The crowd stood to applaud scientists for their important ocean research work. (Ad)
Activity 2
It is a good idea to tax plastic bottles so that people use them less. (S)
The Jiaolong manned submersible is said to be able to reach 7 km underwater. (O; O)
It remains to be seen whether or not his capsule can work. (O)
6. It is a good idea/tax/plastic bottles/so that people use them less
7. The Jiaolong manned submersible/is said/be able/reach 7 km underwater
8. It remains/be seen/whether or not his capsule can work
Activity 2
Read the beginning of The Little Mermaid and use the proper forms of the verbs in brackets to fill in the blanks.
Far out in the ocean, where the water is as clear as glass, lives the Sea King. The ocean is too deep _____________ (measure). We may imagine there is nothing except yellow sand under the sea, but actually it is not rare _________ (see) the most unique flowers and plants __________ (dance) in the fast-moving water. In the deepest spot of all stands the Sea King’s castle, which has walls of coral and a roof _________ (form) of beautiful shells. The mother of the king, a wise woman who is proud _____________ (be) born into the royal family, takes care of his six daughters.
to measure
to see
dancing
to have been
formed
Activity 3
Among the six sea-princesses, the youngest is the prettiest. Although she has delicate skin like a rose-leaf and eyes as blue as the deepest sea, she has no feet but a fish tail just like her sisters. The most common way for the princesses ________ (play) all day long is ___________________ (swim) in the halls of the castle or among the flowers growing out of the walls, feeding and touching the fish ___________ (swim) up to their hands through the windows. They seem_____________(not worry) about anything, except for the youngest, who …
to play
swimming / to swim
swimming
not to worry
Activity 3
Suggested answer:
... who wants to see what life is like on land. She swims all the way to the surface and sees a large ship. It travels toward her at great speed and terrifies her. She swims below the surface of the water and just manages to swim away from the big ship. She now realises that it is a scary world outside of the ocean, and she decides to stay with her family and friends under the sea.
What do you think happens next
Activity 3
根据汉语补全下面句子。
1.___________________________, that is a question.
生存还是毁灭？这是个问题。
2．It is better _________than ______________.
施比受有福。
3．You are never _________________________.
活到老学到老。
4．___________________is to know nothing.
什么都知道等于什么都不知道。
5 ___________________is to lengthen life.
节约时间就是延长生命。
To be or not to be
to take
to give
too old to learn
To know everything
To save time
Exercise
翻译下面句子。
1.我能听到你的声音真高兴。
2.我忘记关灯了
3.Lucy告诉他不要哭。
4.我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。
5.我没什么可担心的。
It is so nice for me to hear your voice.
My dream is to be a scientist.
I have nothing to worry about.
I forgot to turn off the light.
Lucy told him not to cry.
Exercise
Do the exercises on
Page 76 of Workbook.
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新人教版（2019）英语选修性必修四
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
Period 3 Review useful structures教学设计
课题 Unit 3 Period 3 Review useful structures 单元 Unit 3 学科 English 年级 Grade 2
教材 分析 该部分综合复习动词不定式的用法，重在归纳和运用。动词不定式是三种重要的非谓语动 词形式之一。课标要求掌握其作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语和状语的用法。语法学习部分共有三个活动。活动1重在归纳整理之前学过的动词不定式的不同用法， 要求学生在Rca ding andThinking板块的主阅读语篇中找出含有动词不定式的句子， 然后标出其对应的语法功能。活动2要求学生运用动词不定式的语法知识，把零散的单词和语块组合成句子，标明动词不定式在句子中的功能。完成这个练习时，学生要理解句子表达的意义，调动语法知识，判断组成句子所缺的成分，最终写出完整的句子。通过分析、运用、再分析，加深学生对动词不定式用法的理解。活动3改编自安徒生创作的童话《海的女儿》。学生需要理解语篇内容，判断所给动词在句子中充当的成分，填写正确的动词形式。这是对语法知识的综合运用，不再局限于动词不定式。学生完成语篇填空后，回答对小美人鱼后续故事的提问。这个问题既可以调动学生的既有知识，也能激发想象力，培养学生进一步讲述故事和续写故事的能力。童话是课标要求的文体。学生通过童话既能体会文学的浪漫魅力，也能从文学的角度对海洋主题延伸探索，展现人类自古以来对于海洋的向往与想象。
学习目标与核心素养 1.To practise infinitives in context and learn inductively the purpose of their use. 2. To do some infinitives exercises.
重点 To practise infinitives in context and learn inductively the purpose of their use
难点 To use the infinitives to do exercises and express ideas.
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 Lead-in 1.Look at the pictures and recall something about ZhengHe and Zac. ZhengHe Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He with seven fleets sailed west not only to explore and trade, but to show off the glory of the Yongle emperor. Zac：At age 16 Zac Sunderland set off into the Pacific Ocean on a quest, not only to see the world and have the adventure of a lifetime, but to become the youngest person to sail around the world alone. 2.pay attention to the infinitives Students recall something about . ZhangHe and Zac. Students read the sentences and pay attention to the infinitives. To review what was talked about in previous class. To recall the function of infinitives.
新课 Activity 1 1.Review the functions infinitive . Find all the sentences containing infinitives in the reading passage. Then mark their functions. 1 As the subject (S) 2 As the predicative (P) 3 As the object (O) 4 As the object complement (OC) 5 As the attributive (Attr) As the adverbial (Ad) 2.Work in groups and read the text again to find as many examples of past participles as possible. Then discuss whether each past participle functions as an attribute, adverbial, predicative, or object complement. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for ... Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals ... These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and ... Trading has grown greatly ..., and will continue to do so in years to come. ... which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange. ... there are still many other places left to explore. .. China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. ... there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. ... the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. Summary 不定式的构成与形式 不定式作主语 To do that sort of thing is foolish。 当主语较长、谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。 e.g. It was wise of you to refuse his invitation. It is necessary for yong man to master two foreign languages. 不定式作宾语 I want to see you this evening. 常跟不定式作宾语的动词： agree, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine,expect, fail, intend, learn, plan, manage, prepare, pretend,promise, refuse, threaten, wish, offer, e.g. They intend to close the school at the earliest opportunity. 不定式作定语 We found a house to live in. 被only, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式 作定语。 e.g. Mike was often the first student to arrive at school He was the only man to pass the examination. 有些名词后面常接不定式作定语，如ability, chance, desire, decision, effort, intention, need, opportunity, plan, promise, pressure, right, time, way等。 e.g. After months of unemployment, all he asked for was a chance to earn his bread. 不定式作状语 She came here to study English. 不定式作状语，常表示目的、原因、结果等。 e.g. They were glad to see their son taken good care of in the kindergarten. To catch the bus, I got up at six this morning． I jumped with joy to hear it. 不定式作结果状语时，常用于“only +不定式”结构，表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果。 e.g. A friend of mine came to see me tonight. Alan lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 不定式作补语 I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 跟不定式作补语的动词及动词词组： advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, remind,require,teach, tell, want, warn, wish, wait for, call on, depend on e.g. I was interested in astronomy and he asked me to give a presentation to the class. We’re trying to persuade manufacturers to sell them here. 不定式作表语 All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 不定式作表语，可以表示目的、事态发展的结果、预期的结果或不幸的结局，如 e.g.The purpose of the project was to improve the traffic condition in this city. They are to come before noon. 如果主语部分含有实义动词do，那么作表语的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。这时，表语是对主语的一种说明。 e.g.All I can do is (to) leave him alone. The least I can do is (to) write to you to say thanks. Activity 2 Join the words to make sentences using infinitives. Then decide the function of each infinitive. 1.He/encouraged me/participate in the surfing competition 2. The storm/seems/be getting closer 3. Magellan/was the first person/sail around the world 4. The UN peacekeeping force/aims/maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts 5. The crowd/stood/applaud/scientists/for their important ocean research work 6. It is a good idea/tax/plastic bottles/so that people use them less 7. The Jiaolong manned submersible/is said/be able/reach 7 km underwater 8. It remains/be seen/whether or not his capsule can work Answers： 1.He encouraged me to participate in the surfing competition. (OC) 2.The storm seems to be getting closer. (P) 3.Magellan was the first person to sail around the world. (Attr) 4.The UN peacekeeping force aims to maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts. (O) 5.The crowd stood to applaud scientists for their important ocean research work. (Ad) 6.It is a good idea to tax plastic bottles so that people use them less. (S) 7.The Jiaolong manned submersible is said to be able to reach 7 km underwater.(O; O) 8.It remains to be seen whether or not his capsule can work. (O) Activity 3 Read the beginning of The Little Mermaid and use the proper forms of the verbs in brackets to fill in the blanks. Far out in the ocean, where the water is as clear as glass, lives the Sea King. The ocean is too deep _____________ (measure). We may imagine there is nothing except yellow sand under the sea, but actually it is not rare _________ (see) the most unique flowers and plants __________ (dance) in the fast-moving water. In the deepest spot of all stands the Sea King’s castle, which has walls of coral and a roof _________ (form) of beautiful shells. The mother of the king, a wise woman who is proud _____________ (be) born into the royal family, takes care of his six daughters.Among the six sea-princesses, the youngest is the prettiest. Although she has delicate skin like a rose-leaf and eyes as blue as the deepest sea, she has no feet but a fish tail just like her sisters. The most common way for the princesses ________ (play) all day long is ___________________ (swim) in the halls of the castle or among the flowers growing out of the walls, feeding and touching the fish ___________ (swim) up to their hands through the windows. They seem_____________(not worry) about anything, except for the youngest, who … Answers: to measure，to see, dancing, formed, to have been, to play, to swim, swimming, not to worry. What do you think happens next Suggested answer: ... who wants to see what life is like on land. She swims all the way to the surface and sees a large ship. It travels toward her at great speed and terrifies her. She swims below the surface of the water and just manages to swim away from the big ship. She now realizes that it is a scary world outside of the ocean, and she decides to stay with her family and friends under the sea. Exercises: 根据汉语补全下面句子。 1.___________________________, that is a question. 生存还是毁灭？这是个问题。 2.It is better _________than ______________. 施比受有福。 3.You are never _________________________. 活到老学到老。 4.___________________is to know nothing. 什么都知道等于什么都不知道。 5.___________________is to lengthen life. 节约时间就是延长生命。 Answers: 1.to be or not to be 2. to give ;to take 3. too old to learn 4.To know everything 5.To save time 翻译句子 1.我能听到你的声音真高兴。 2.我忘记关灯了 3.Lucy告诉他不要哭。 4.我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。 5.我没什么可担心的。 Answers : 1.It is so nice for me to hear your voice. 2.I forgot to turn off the light. 3.Lucy told him not to cry. 4.My dream is to be a scientist. 5.I have nothing to worry about. Students read the text again to find examples of infinitives . Then discuss the functions of infinitives . Students sum up the functions of infinitives . Students join the words to make sentences using infinitives. Students read the beginning of The Little Mermaid and use the proper forms of the verbs in brackets to fill in the blanks. Students complete the sentences and translate the sentences. To practise infinitives in context and learn inductively the purpose of their use. To grasp the functions of infinitives. To practise using infinitives in the content of sentences and understand the purpose of their use. To practise infinitives and other verbs in a paragraph. To consolidate the use of infinitives.
作业 Homework Do the exercises on Page 76 of Workbook.
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