牛津译林版必修二高中英语 Unit 2 Be sporty be healthy备考期末滚动复习卷

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牛津译林版必修二高中英语 Unit 2 Be sporty be healthy备考期末滚动复习卷
一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（20121高一上·期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For
a while, my neighborhood was taken over by an army of joggers(慢跑者). They were there all the time:
early mornings, noons and evenings. There were little old ladies in grey
sweats(运动服), young
couples in Adidas shoes, middle aged men with red faces. "Come on！" My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my
house every evening, "You'll feel great. "
Well,
I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone
could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life,
and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form
of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our
neighborhood jogging army, I'm not alone in my opinion.
First
of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet take a real
pounding running down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and
back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of heart
attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn't
kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will
surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly,
I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for
forty five minutes isn't my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some
joggers say, "I love being out there with just my thoughts. " Well, my
thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And
how could I enjoy something that brought me pain？And
that wasn't just the first week；it was practically
every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn't fun. What
a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to
almost the same results painlessly, so why jog
I
don't jog any more, and I don't think I ever will. I'm walking two miles three
times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the
weather is good. I'm getting exercise, and I'm enjoying it at the same time. I
could never say the same for jogging, and I've found a lot of better ways to
stay in shape.
1．From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer's neighborhood .
A．jogging became very popular
B．people jogged only during the daytime
C．Alex organized an army of joggers
D．jogging provided a chance to get together
2．The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to " ".
A．heart attacks B．back problems
C．famous joggers D．physical weaknesses
3．Why did the writer give up jogging two months later
A．He disliked doing exercise outside.
B．He found it neither healthy nor interesting.
C．He was afraid of having a heart attack.
D．He was worried about being left alone.
4．From the writer's experience, we can conclude that .
A．not everyone enjoys jogging
B．he is the only person who hates jogging
C．nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit
D．jogging makes people feel greater than any other sports
（20121高一上·期末）阅读理解，回答问题
Summer Leadership Camp
Each
July, Missouri Military Academy's Summer Leadership Camp welcomes young men
from across the country to train, compete and learn. The summer camp experience
is a rewarding opportunity for young people to learn leadership skills.
Rein Community Service
Join
Rein Community Service and earn up of 80 hours of community service credit this
summer. Choose the community service program that is right for you and have a
lasting influence on the lives of others. Through their work with various
non profit agencies and volunteer organizations, our teen community service
volunteers will experience the joy of improving the global community while
having the adventure of a lifetime.
Green River Preserve
Green
River Preserve is a non competitive summer camp connecting children to nature. Located
in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Western North Carolina, Green River Preserve
inspires campers to have a greater understanding of themselves, their
environment and their fellow man.
English Language Camp
At
the camp, children will build their confidence while also acquiring the basic
skills of conversation, vocabulary and grammar. Our class sizes are small, allowing
every child to receive the required personal attention from our fully qualified
and professional teachers who all have a wealth of experience in coaching
children from all around the world.
5．Missouri Military Academy's Summer Leadership Camp is mainly designed for young people who .
A．want to be soldiers
B．like to compete with others
C．want to develop leadership skills
D．are not good at expressing themselves
6．At Rein Community Service, children can learn to be .
A．confident B．competitive
C．loving and devoting D．strong and brave
7．Which camp should a child choose if he wants to be close to nature
A．Summer Leadership Camp. B．Rein Community Service.
C．Green River Preserve. D．English Language Camp.
（20121高一上·期末）阅读短文，回答问题
Even
though one out of three American children live within a mile of their school, almost
not half of those students often bike or walk to class, scientists report.
Children
who live in the south, in country areas, or who have college educated parents, are
among those least likely to bike or walk to school, notes the report, which is
published in July.
Sarah
Martin and her workmates at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC)studied materials from more than 7，000
children between 9 and 15 years of age.
They
found that almost 35 percent of the children lived within one mile of their
schools. Children between 11 and 13 years old were more likely to walk or bike
than 9 year olds. Children whose parents had a high school education were more
likely to bike or walk than children with college educated parents.
"The
majority of children are missing an opportunity to increase daily physical
activity, " Martin said in a prepared statement.
According
to the CDC, nearly one in five (18. 8
percent)children between 6 and 11 years old are overweight. Increased daily
physical activity is one of the methods the CDC gives to help deal with obesity
(肥胖)in children.
Martin
said that there are all kinds of reasons why children in city areas might be
more likely to bike or walk. They said the fact is that schools may be in
mixed use neighborhoods where it is more possible to bike or walk, compared
with other places where there may be fewer safe sidewalks.
8．Sarah Martin and her workmates found that .
A．younger children would like to bike or walk to school
B．older children are much stronger than the younger children
C．kids whose parents received less education walk more
D．some children are becoming much lazier than others
9．According to the CDC, many children are overweight because they .
A．eat too much every day B．have unhealthy meals
C．are too busy to travel D．take less physical activity
10．From the passage, we can infer that .
A．children should receive a better education
B．some children don't bike or walk because there are fewer safe sidewalks
C．it is unnecessary for children to walk to school
D．children in country areas have more chance to bike or walk than those in cities
11．What section of a newspaper may this passage be taken from
A．Education. B．Culture. C．Sports. D．Health.
（20121高一上·期末）阅读短文，回答问题
Today,
roller skating is easy and fun. But many years ago, it wasn't easy at all. Before
1750，people never tried skating on wheels. That
changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlin's work was making
instruments. In his free time he liked to play the violin. Merlin was a man
with many ideas and many dreams . People called
him a dreamer.
One
day Merlin received an invitation to go to an important party. He was very
pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began
to think. He wanted to find a way to make a wonderful entrance at the party. Merlin
had an idea. He thought that he would attract a lot of attention if he could
skate into the room.
Merlin
tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two
wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skate shoes. Merlin was
very proud of them. He dreamed of arriving at the party and skating into the
room while playing the violin. He was sure that everyone would be very surprised.
On
the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room, playing his violin. Everyone
was really surprised to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way
to stop his roller skating. He rolled on, playing the violin. Then, with all
eyes on him, Merlin hit into a huge mirror on the wall. The mirror broke into
many pieces with a very loud noise.
Nobody
forgot Merlin's wonderful entrance after that.
12．People called Merlin a dreamer because .
A．he slept and dreamed a lot
B．he was full of different ideas
C．he invented the first roller skate shoes
D．he always made people's dreams come true
13．What was Merlin's problem after he rolled into the room
A．He couldn't stop his roller skating.
B．He couldn't attract a lot of attention.
C．Everyone was surprised at him.
D．He couldn't play the violin while rolling.
14．What's the best title for the passage
A．Joseph Merlin's Story
B．How Roller Skating Was Invented
C．A Surprising Entrance to the Party
D．Roller Skating
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（20121高一上·期末）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For
some people, choosing which sports to play throughout high school is hard
because they have never really played an organized sport before and aren't sure
what they'll enjoy most. 　15． 　
　16． 　If you're great at
basketball but would rather play football because you think it's more fun, then
give it a go (just make sure it's cool with mom and dad).
Sports
are meant to be fun. 　17． 　What's the worst that can happen If you
get cut, you can always try another sport. And sports like track don't
typically cut participants from the team. You can still participate even if
you're not in the team for the competition.
Some
sports, like baseball or basketball, require every person on the field to be
working well together. 　18． 　
Sports
like tennis, track and field, swimming, gymnastics, and wrestling are all
sports where individual performances are tallied (计算) into team scores. 　19． 　However,
for the most part it's possible to win a solo event in these sports and still
have your team lose, and vice versa(反之亦然).
No
one knows you better than you do. Maybe you enjoy the spotlight. Maybe you get
annoyed by the way teammates act. Luckily, there are many individualized sports
to choose from.
A.
Many people are attracted to team sports. B.
Besides swimming, try fishing, sailing, skiing and surfing. C.
Of course there are exceptions, like relays in track and swimming. D.
For others it's tough because their friends don't like to play the same sports.
E. No matter what
your problem is, you have to make the decision that is best for you. F. If there is a
sport you really enjoy but you aren't sure if you can make the team, try out
anyway. G. Sure, certain
people perform much better than others, but superstars don't necessarily make
a good team.
三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（20121高一上·期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We all know that sports may help us become stronger. But their 20． go far beyond this. Research shows that sports that involve aiming and hitting skills, for example, tennis, badminton and baseball, help children increase 21． . They help develop leadership qualities and 22． team spirit in kids. They involve competition. Playing sports teaches them to accept 23． with a positive spirit when they lose a game.
Playing sports does a lot of good to the development of 24． skills. Sports teach you to communicate with people and work together as a 25． . Sports improve collective thinking and help develop your planning and organizational skills, too. Sports build 26． , since winning a game always gives you a sense of accomplishment.
Playing sports requires you to strategize(制定策略). You need to be very 27． to score goals or earn points. You need to work out strategies to win. You need to judge your competitor's strategy and change yours 28． . This certainly involves clever thinking, which sports 29． . Studies show that kids who play sports frequently do well in school and college.
Playing sports brings you 30． . Jumping about, running around, racing to get ahead, 31． , falling and standing up again, all of them are a part of playing sports. There is no match for the happiness this brings. 32． ，sports are a form of exercise which produces happiness molecules(分子) in your body, thus improving your mental health. You can't be sad 33． playing sports. Sports produce 34． energy in you and the people around you.
20．A．courses B．benefits C．challenges D．decisions
21．A．focus B．courage C．weight D．strength
22．A．break B．shake C．raise D．change
23．A．explanations B．punishments
C．congratulations D．failures
24．A．musical B．social C．medical D．technical
25．A．team B．nation C．class D．family
26．A．friendship B．judgment C．confidence D．enthusiasm
27．A．strong B．smart C．generous D．humorous
28．A．accordingly B．generally C．equally D．largely
29．A．prepare B．recognize C．encourage D．promise
30．A．hope B．honor C．pride D．pleasure
31．A．cheering B．dreaming C．chatting D．quarreling
32．A．For example B．As a result
C．In addition D．In other words
33．A．while B．before C．unless D．since
34．A．serious B．nervous C．positive D．creative
四、语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
（20121高一上·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am not a brave girl 　35． 　 I've been crazy about bungee jumping(蹦极). One day, I found a good place for this exciting sport in Thailand by　36． 　(surf) the Internet . I packed my bag and 　37． 　(fly) there. However, I had no idea how to get to the address listed on the website. I called them and took a taxi, but the taxi driver didn't know the way, either. He dropped me halfway.
Having bought some bread, I had to wait for the car 　38． 　 was supposed to pick me up. At last a young man drove me to the bungee jumping place. I was amazed by the 　39． 　(sight) along the road. There I signed　40． 　 agreement and put on a harness(安全带). The guide led me through a gate, asked me to sit in a special seat and tied my legs and ankles(踝) well. As soon as I stood up and felt my ankles 　41． 　(tie) together, I got scared, I walked 　42． 　(slow) to the edge of the bridge and looked back. The workers looked at me and couldn't help 　43． 　(laugh). At last it was time to go. My memory seemed to stop. I felt myself going up, like riding a fast lift, and then another drop... Finally, I stopped in the air. I spread my arms wide, laughing loudly and 　44． 　(proud). The workers pulled me up, smiling at me.
五、应用文写作（15分）
45．（20121高一上·期末）假定你校正在开展"根除陋习，创建文明校园"活动，请你以此为主题用英语写一篇80词左右的发言稿，向全校学生倡议：
根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟……
提倡：讲礼貌、互助……
注意：开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
As
is known to all, our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order
to build a civilized campus. 　 　
That's
all. Thank you.
六、故事续写（25分）
46．（20121高一上·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I
sat at the breakfast table with my four year old son, Matthew, trying to ignore
the ache in my stomach. "Mama, want to play？""Not
today, baby, " I shook my head. These days I could barely get out of bed. I
was still recovering from a surgery. I hoped for strength and happiness. But
the future seemed so hopeless.
Suddenly,
Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. "Bird！" he shouted, rushing to our courtyard. Sure enough, there was
a white dove seated in a rubber tree. It sat there for a few moments, and then
flew away. Strange, I'd never seen one in our neighborhood before.
When
I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. This time
with a mate carrying twigs(嫩枝). "Look, Matthew, " I said, pointing to the
tree. "They're going to make a nest. " The doves flew in and out of
the courtyard all week, building on top of the rubber tree.
Matthew
could hardly contain his excitement. Every morning, he'd run into the kitchen
and take his spot by the sliding glass door talking to the birds while they
worked. His enthusiasm was influential. As much as I was grieving(悲伤)，I couldn't
help but look forward to the doves' visits too.
Then
it all went wrong. The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest, but the
rubber tree's broad, thin leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind
blew, throwing the doves' nest to the ground. I heard the twigs break apart.
I
surveyed the damage. Nothing good ever lasts. I wouldn't blame the doves if
they never came back. But they returned. And they paid no attention to the pile
of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from scratch. Again,
though, the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they
renewed their efforts, as if nothing had happened.
Paragraph
1：
IknewIhadtodosomething.
Paragraph
2：
"Itworks!Thebirdsareback！"
Matthewannounced.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．B
4．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在作者的社区里有很多人开始了慢跑，刚开始的时候作者也加入了，不过后来作者发现慢跑也有很多的缺点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers. They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening.”我的社区曾经被一群慢跑者占领过。他们一直在那里： 清晨，中午，晚上。说明社区里慢跑的人特别多，故选A。
2．考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.”如果你有任何身体上的弱点，慢跑肯定能让他们出来，就像他们对我做的那样。说明慢跑能把你的physical weaknesses带出来，所以，them指代physical weaknesses。故选D。
3．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. ”首先，慢跑对身体很不好；以及第四段中的“Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging”其次，慢跑并不能给我带来快乐。说明他认为慢跑对身体有害也没有快乐，故选B。
4．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，一些人认为慢跑很好，而像作者这样的人却认为慢跑没有意义，故并不是所有的人都喜欢慢跑，故选A。
【答案】5．C
6．C
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个活动，青少年可以根据自己的兴趣爱好选择参与。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．考查细节理解。根据Summer Leadership Camp部分中的“The summer camp experience is a rewarding opportunity for young people to learn leadership skills.”对年轻人来说，夏令营是一个学习领导技能的有益机会。可知，Missouri Military Academy's Summer Leadership Camp的对象是想学一些领导技巧的年轻人。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据Rein Community Service部分中的“Choose the community service program that is right for you and have a lasting influence on the lives of others. Through their work with various nonprofit agencies and volunteer organizations, our teen community service volunteers will experience the joy of improving the global community while having the adventure of a lifetime.”选择适合你的社区服务计划，并对他人的生活产生持久的影响。通过他们与各种非营利性机构和志愿者组织的工作，我们的青少年社区服务志愿者将体验改善全球社区的喜悦，同时拥有一生的冒险。可知，孩子们在这里主要从事社区志愿者工作，能培养孩子富有爱心。故选C。
7．考查细节理解。根据Green River Preserve部分中的“Green River Preserve is a noncompetitive summer camp connecting children to nature.”Green River Preserve是一个非竞争性的夏令营，将儿童与大自然联系在一起。由此可知，如果孩子想亲近大自然，应该选择Green River Preserve。故选C。
【答案】8．C
9．D
10．B
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；议论文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，谈论了导致现在学生肥胖的原因之一是运动量过小。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，而选出正确答案。
8．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Children whose parents had a high school education were more likely to bike or walk than children with college-educated parents.”父母接受过高中教育的孩子比父母接受过大学教育的孩子更有可能骑自行车或步行。可知，父母受教育程度较低的孩子步行更多。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Increased daily physical activity is one of the methods the CDC gives to help deal with obesity (肥胖) in children.”增加日常体育活动是疾病控制中心帮助处理儿童肥胖问题的方法之一。可知，孩子们肥胖的真正的原因是体育活动太少，增加运动量是减肥的方式之一。故选D。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Martin said that there are all kinds of reasons why children in city areas might be more likely to bike or walk. They said the fact is that schools may be in mixed-use neighborhoods where it is more possible to bike or walk，compared with other places where there may be fewer safe sidewalks.”Martin说，有各种各样的原因可以解释为什么城市地区的孩子更有可能骑自行车或步行。他们说，事实是，学校可能位于混合用途的社区，那里更有可能骑自行车或步行，而其他地方的安全人行道可能更少。可知，有些孩子不骑自行车或步行，因为安全人行道较少。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，整篇文章的中心议题是造成孩子们肥胖的原因，应该属于健康范畴，所以应摘自于报纸的健康版面。故选D。
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了轮式旱冰鞋的由来。主人公罗斯福梅林是个充满奇怪想法的孩子，在一次宴会上为了让人们大吃一惊，就突发奇想，在自己的鞋底上安装了两个轮子。宴会上确实让人们吃了一惊，但是自己也付出了小小的代价。作者最后提出了轮式旱冰鞋的安全问题，也提醒了我们在玩的高兴地同时要注意安全问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams.”约瑟夫 梅林是个充满想法和梦想的人。及下文描述可知这是一个充满奇怪想法的人，故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skating.”只有一个问题，梅林无法阻止他的轮滑停下来。可知Merlin没办法停住他的轮滑。故选A。
14．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了轮式旱冰鞋的由来。主人公罗斯福梅林是个充满奇怪想法的孩子，在一次宴会上为了让人们大吃一惊，就突发奇想，在自己的鞋底上安装了两个轮子。宴会上确实让人们吃了一惊，但是自己也付出了小小的代价。故选B。
【答案】15．D；16．E；17．F；18．G；19．C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种运动以及鼓励读者去参加各种适合自己的运动并乐在其中。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
15．根据空前“For some people, choosing which sports to play throughout high school is hard because they have never really played an organized sport before”可知后面一句与前一句应为并列关系，D. For others it's tough because their friends don't like to play the same sports.“对于其他人来说，这很困难，因为他们的朋友不喜欢做同样的运动。”符合语境，故选D。
16．根据空后“If you're great at basketball but would rather play football because you think it's more fun, then give it a go”如果你擅长篮球而不是足球，因为你认为篮球很好玩，那么就是玩篮球。可知应该是选择适合自己的运动，E. No matter what your problem is, you have to make the decision that is best for you.“不管你的问题是什么，你必须做出对你最有利的决定。”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据空后“If you get cut, you can always try another sport”如果你被淘汰了，你可以尝试其他运动；以及“You can still participate even if you're not in the team for the competition.”即使你不在队里，你也可以参加比赛。可知F. If there is a sport you really enjoy but you aren't sure if you can make the team, try out anyway.“如果有一项运动你真的很喜欢，但你不确定你是否能进入球队，无论如何去试试”符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空前“Some sports, like basketball or baseball,require every person on the field to be working well together.”可知这一段讲的是关于团队，G. Sure, certain people perform much better than others, but superstars don't necessarily make a good team.“一些人的确比其他人表现的好，但光凭明星队员却组不成一个好的团队。”与前句需要每个队员团结合作相符合。故选G。
19．根据空前“sports where individual performances are tallied(计算)into team scores”个人表现计入团队得分；以及空后“However, for the most part it's possible to win a solo event in these sports ”然而，大多数来说在这些比赛中赢得个人奖项也是可能的。可知中间的内容应该是一个例外，C. Of course there are exceptions, like relays in track and swimming.“当然也有例外，如田径接力赛和游泳接力赛。”符合语境，故选C。
【答案】20．B；21．A；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．A；26．C；27．B；28．A；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．D；33．A；34．C
【知识点】议论文；其他类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，运动可以帮助我们强身健体，对我们有益。但它们的益处远不止如此。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
20．句意：但它们的益处远不止如此。A：courses“过程，课程”；B：benefits“益处”；C：challenges“挑战”；D：decisions “决定”。根据语境可知，运动可以帮助我们强身健体，对我们有益。但它们的益处远不止如此。故选B。
21．句意：研究表明涉及瞄准和击球技巧，例如网球、羽毛球和棒球的运动有助于孩子注意力的提高。A：focus“（活动、注意力、兴趣等的）中心”；B：courage“勇气”；C：weight“重量”；D：strength“力气，长处”。根据上文 aiming and hitting skills, for example, tennis, badminton and baseball 和常识看可知这些运动有助于孩子注意力的提高。故选A。
22．句意：它们有助于发展孩子的领导能力，提高他们的团队精神。A：break“打破，折断”；B：shake“摇动”；C：raise“提高，抚养”；D：change“改变”。根据语境可知，这些运动有助于发展孩子的领导能力，提高他们的团队精神。故选C。
23．句意：进行运动可以教给孩子们在比赛失败的时候，用积极的精神去对待失败。A：explanations“解释”；B：punishments“惩罚”；C：congratulations“祝贺”；D：failures “失败”。根据空后“when they lose a game”当他们输掉一场比赛的时候，可知此处指用积极的精神去对待失败，故选D。
24．句意：，进行运动有助于人们社交技能的发展。A：musical“音乐的”；B：social“社会的，社交的”；C：medical“医学的”；D：technical “技术的，技巧的”。根据下文“Sports teach you to communicate with people and work together as a 6 ”运动教给你和别人交流。可推知，进行运动有助于人们社交技能的发展。故线B。
25．句意：运动教给人们和别人交流，作为一个团队一起努力。A：team“队”；B：nation“国家，民族”；C：class“班”；D：family “家庭”。根据上文“They help develop leadership qualities and 3 team spirit in kids. ”它们有助于发展孩子的领导能力，提高他们的团队精神。可知选A。
26．句意：运动有助于人们建立信心，因为赢得比赛可以让你有一种成就感。A：friendship“友谊”；B：judgment“判断（力）”；C：confidence“信心”；D：enthusiasm “热心，热情”。根据空后“since winning a game always gives you a sense of accomplishment.”赢得比赛可以让你有一种成就感。可推知，运动有助于人们建立信心。故选C。
27．句意：进球的时候，你需要非常机灵。A：strong“强壮的”；B：smart“机灵的”；C：generous“慷慨的”；D：humorous “幽默的”。根据上文“Playing sports requires you to strategize(制定策略). ”进行运动要求你制定策略，可知进球的时候，需要非常机灵。故选B。
28．句意：你需要判断你的对手的策略，然后对你的策略进行相应的改变调整。A：accordingly“因此，相应地”；B：generally“一般地，通常”；C：equally“平等地”；D：largely “主要地”。根据下文“. This certainly involves clever thinking, which sports 10 . ”我们必然要用到积极的思考。而运动恰恰可以激发这种思考，可推知此处指策略进行相应的改变调整，故选A。
29．句意：我们必然要用到积极的思考。而运动恰恰可以激发这种思考。A：prepare“准备”；B：recognize“认出”；C：encourage“鼓励，激励，促进，激发”；D：promise “承诺”。 根据上文可知，在判断对手策略，调整我们自己的策略的过程中，我们必然要用到积极的思考。而运动恰恰可以激发这种思考。故选C。
30．句意：运动可以给你带来快乐。A：hope“希望”；B：honor“荣誉”；C：pride“骄傲，自豪”；D：pleasure“愉快，令人愉快的事”。根据下文“sports are a form of exercise which produces happiness molecules (分子) in your body, thus improving your mental health”可知，运动可以给你带来快乐。故选D。
31．句意：跳来跳去，跑来跑去，为了领先而赛跑，欢呼，跌倒又站起来，所有这些都是运动的一部分。A：cheering“欢呼，喝彩”；B：dreaming“梦想”；C：chatting“聊天”；D：quarreling “吵架，争吵”。根据语境可知，上下文提到的全都是运动过程中的活动。故选A。
32．句意：换句话说，体育运动是一种能在你的身体里产生快乐分子的运动形式，从而改善你的心理健康。A：For example“例如”；B：As a result“结果”；C：In addition“此外”；D：In other words “换句话说”。根据上文，运动可以使我们快乐。下文亦表示这个意思，是对上文的解释。故选D。
33．句意：当你在运动的时候，你不可能难过。A：while“当……时候，尽管”；B：before“在……之前”；C：unless“除非，如果不”；D：since “自从”。根据上文“sports are a form of exercise which produces happiness molecules(分子) in your body, thus improving your mental health. ”体育运动是一种能在你的身体里产生快乐分子的运动形式，从而改善你的心理健康。可知当你在运动的时候，你不可能难过。故选A。
34．句意：运动为你和你周围的人都产生了积极的能量。A：serious“严肃的，严重的”；B：nervous“紧张的”；C：positive“积极 的，主动的”；D：creative “有创造性的”。根据语境可知，运动为你和你周围的人都产生了积极的能量。故选C。
【答案】35．but；36．surfing；37．flew；38．that/which；39．sights；40．an；41．tied；42．slowly；43．laughing；44．proudly
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个不勇敢的女孩痴迷蹦极，经过一番周折终于蹦极成功的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，非谓语动词，时态，定语从句，名词，冠词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
35．句意：我不是一个勇敢的女孩，但我一直痴迷于蹦极。根据上下文语境可知，此句前后部分为转折关系，应该使用转折关系的连词，故填but。
36．句意：通过上网，我在泰国发现做这项刺激的运动的好地方。介词by后面应该接动名词充当宾语，故填surfing。
37．句意：我打包好行李并且坐飞机去了那。由本句中的打包packed使用的是过去时，是and连接的并列谓语动词，需要前后一致，故填flew。
38．句意：我必须等那本应来接我的车。 was supposed to pick me up是限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语，先行词为非人的the car，故填that/which。
39．句意：我被沿途的风景惊艳到了。定冠词the后面应该接名词，sight“景象”，是可数名词，沿途风景肯定不止一处，应该使用复数，故填sights。
40．句意：然后我签署了一份协议并系上了安全带。agreement是可数名词，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，agreement是以元音音素开头的单词，应使用an。故填an。
41．句意：在我站起来的时候，我能感觉我的脚踝绑在了一起，我开始害怕。my ankles和tie是逻辑上的被动关系，应该使用过去分词做宾语补足语，故填tied。
42．句意：我慢慢地走到大桥边缘，并且往回看。空格处用来修饰动词walked，应该使用副词，故填slowly。
43．句意：工作人员看着我，情不自禁地笑了起来。couldn't help doing sth，固定短语，“禁不住做某事”，故填laughing。
44．句意：我打开我的手臂，笑得很大且很自豪。空处应与loudly为并列结构，修饰laughing，用副词作状语，故填proudly。
45．【答案】Dear friends, As is known to all, our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus. But I've found lots of bad behaviour still exists in our school. This does great harm to the image of our school. Therefore, I strongly urge that we students stop throwing rubbish and spitting everywhere. Besides, everyone mustn't waste food. Such bad manners as smoking and fighting should also be removed from our campus. Meanwhile, we should start with ourselves to perform good manners all the time and everywhere. We also promote the spirit of helping each other and healthy competition. Let's take action and contribute to making our school a nicer place. That's all. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一篇发言稿，向全校学生倡议。写作背景：你校正在开展"根除陋习，创建文明校园"活动。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟……；提倡：讲礼貌、互助……。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：But I've found lots of bad behaviour still exists in our school. 运用了宾语从句；Therefore, I strongly urge that we students stop throwing rubbish and spitting everywhere.运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气； Such bad manners as smoking and fighting should also be removed from our campus. 运用了被动语态；Let's take action and contribute to making our school a nicer place.运用了祈使句。
46．【答案】Paragraph 1：
I knew I had to do something. The white dove and its mate had given me something to look forward to, even in my darkest days. Now I was going to help them in return. I woke up the following morning with a plan. There was only an hour before the doves usually made their visits. I hammered a shelf into the wall next to the rubber tree and covered it with leaves to make it look like a tree. Then Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping.
Paragraph 2：
"It works! The birds are back！" Matthew announced. There they were sitting on top of the shelf, adding some twigs to the new nest despite damage from the strong wind. Three weeks later, we watched three chicks break free from their shells. "Chirp, chirp！" Matthew sang. I held him close and kissed him, feeling more positive and hopeful than I had in months. I realized all around me, life went on. And it was filled with wonders and surprises that I couldn't even imagine.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，作者四岁的儿子Matthew每天都看到白鸽来到自己家的院子里，每天早上，他都会跑进厨房，站在滑动玻璃门旁边，在鸟儿搭巢时和它们说话。一天夜里，刮起了一阵大风，把鸽巢掀到地上。作者以为鸽子再也不回来，但他们又回来了。它们对那堆曾经是它们巢穴的树枝毫不在意。他们又从零开始。然而，风又一次摧毁了他们所有的辛勤工作。第二天，下一天，他们又继续努力，仿佛什么也没发生过。段落续写：①第一由段首句内容“我知道我必须做点什么”可知，后文应该是讲述鸽子给了作者一些值得期待的东西，于是作者在橡胶树旁边的墙上钉了一个架子，并用树叶覆盖，使它看起来像一棵树。然后和Matthew站在滑动玻璃门旁边等待着，希望着。②由第二段首句内容“‘起作用了！鸟儿回来了!' Matthew宣布”可知，后文应该写鸽子们回来后的情况，三个星期后，三只小鸽子破壳而出。作者和儿子都感到几个月来从未有过的乐观和希望。作者也意识到，在周围，生活在继续，充满了无法想象的奇迹和惊喜。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： There was only an hour before the doves usually made their visits. 运用了时间状语从句；Then Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping.运用了现在分词作伴随状语；I held him close and kissed him, feeling more positive and hopeful than I had in months. 运用了比较状语从句；I realized all around me, life went on. 运用了宾语从句；And it was filled with wonders and surprises that I couldn't even imagine.运用了限制性定语从句。
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牛津译林版必修二高中英语 Unit 2 Be sporty be healthy备考期末滚动复习卷
一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（20121高一上·期末）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For
a while, my neighborhood was taken over by an army of joggers(慢跑者). They were there all the time:
early mornings, noons and evenings. There were little old ladies in grey
sweats(运动服), young
couples in Adidas shoes, middle aged men with red faces. "Come on！" My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my
house every evening, "You'll feel great. "
Well,
I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone
could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life,
and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form
of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our
neighborhood jogging army, I'm not alone in my opinion.
First
of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet take a real
pounding running down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and
back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of heart
attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn't
kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will
surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly,
I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for
forty five minutes isn't my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some
joggers say, "I love being out there with just my thoughts. " Well, my
thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And
how could I enjoy something that brought me pain？And
that wasn't just the first week；it was practically
every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn't fun. What
a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to
almost the same results painlessly, so why jog
I
don't jog any more, and I don't think I ever will. I'm walking two miles three
times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the
weather is good. I'm getting exercise, and I'm enjoying it at the same time. I
could never say the same for jogging, and I've found a lot of better ways to
stay in shape.
1．From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer's neighborhood .
A．jogging became very popular
B．people jogged only during the daytime
C．Alex organized an army of joggers
D．jogging provided a chance to get together
2．The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to " ".
A．heart attacks B．back problems
C．famous joggers D．physical weaknesses
3．Why did the writer give up jogging two months later
A．He disliked doing exercise outside.
B．He found it neither healthy nor interesting.
C．He was afraid of having a heart attack.
D．He was worried about being left alone.
4．From the writer's experience, we can conclude that .
A．not everyone enjoys jogging
B．he is the only person who hates jogging
C．nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit
D．jogging makes people feel greater than any other sports
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．B
4．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在作者的社区里有很多人开始了慢跑，刚开始的时候作者也加入了，不过后来作者发现慢跑也有很多的缺点。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers. They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening.”我的社区曾经被一群慢跑者占领过。他们一直在那里： 清晨，中午，晚上。说明社区里慢跑的人特别多，故选A。
2．考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.”如果你有任何身体上的弱点，慢跑肯定能让他们出来，就像他们对我做的那样。说明慢跑能把你的physical weaknesses带出来，所以，them指代physical weaknesses。故选D。
3．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. ”首先，慢跑对身体很不好；以及第四段中的“Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging”其次，慢跑并不能给我带来快乐。说明他认为慢跑对身体有害也没有快乐，故选B。
4．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，一些人认为慢跑很好，而像作者这样的人却认为慢跑没有意义，故并不是所有的人都喜欢慢跑，故选A。
（20121高一上·期末）阅读理解，回答问题
Summer Leadership Camp
Each
July, Missouri Military Academy's Summer Leadership Camp welcomes young men
from across the country to train, compete and learn. The summer camp experience
is a rewarding opportunity for young people to learn leadership skills.
Rein Community Service
Join
Rein Community Service and earn up of 80 hours of community service credit this
summer. Choose the community service program that is right for you and have a
lasting influence on the lives of others. Through their work with various
non profit agencies and volunteer organizations, our teen community service
volunteers will experience the joy of improving the global community while
having the adventure of a lifetime.
Green River Preserve
Green
River Preserve is a non competitive summer camp connecting children to nature. Located
in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Western North Carolina, Green River Preserve
inspires campers to have a greater understanding of themselves, their
environment and their fellow man.
English Language Camp
At
the camp, children will build their confidence while also acquiring the basic
skills of conversation, vocabulary and grammar. Our class sizes are small, allowing
every child to receive the required personal attention from our fully qualified
and professional teachers who all have a wealth of experience in coaching
children from all around the world.
5．Missouri Military Academy's Summer Leadership Camp is mainly designed for young people who .
A．want to be soldiers
B．like to compete with others
C．want to develop leadership skills
D．are not good at expressing themselves
6．At Rein Community Service, children can learn to be .
A．confident B．competitive
C．loving and devoting D．strong and brave
7．Which camp should a child choose if he wants to be close to nature
A．Summer Leadership Camp. B．Rein Community Service.
C．Green River Preserve. D．English Language Camp.
【答案】5．C
6．C
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个活动，青少年可以根据自己的兴趣爱好选择参与。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．考查细节理解。根据Summer Leadership Camp部分中的“The summer camp experience is a rewarding opportunity for young people to learn leadership skills.”对年轻人来说，夏令营是一个学习领导技能的有益机会。可知，Missouri Military Academy's Summer Leadership Camp的对象是想学一些领导技巧的年轻人。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据Rein Community Service部分中的“Choose the community service program that is right for you and have a lasting influence on the lives of others. Through their work with various nonprofit agencies and volunteer organizations, our teen community service volunteers will experience the joy of improving the global community while having the adventure of a lifetime.”选择适合你的社区服务计划，并对他人的生活产生持久的影响。通过他们与各种非营利性机构和志愿者组织的工作，我们的青少年社区服务志愿者将体验改善全球社区的喜悦，同时拥有一生的冒险。可知，孩子们在这里主要从事社区志愿者工作，能培养孩子富有爱心。故选C。
7．考查细节理解。根据Green River Preserve部分中的“Green River Preserve is a noncompetitive summer camp connecting children to nature.”Green River Preserve是一个非竞争性的夏令营，将儿童与大自然联系在一起。由此可知，如果孩子想亲近大自然，应该选择Green River Preserve。故选C。
（20121高一上·期末）阅读短文，回答问题
Even
though one out of three American children live within a mile of their school, almost
not half of those students often bike or walk to class, scientists report.
Children
who live in the south, in country areas, or who have college educated parents, are
among those least likely to bike or walk to school, notes the report, which is
published in July.
Sarah
Martin and her workmates at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC)studied materials from more than 7，000
children between 9 and 15 years of age.
They
found that almost 35 percent of the children lived within one mile of their
schools. Children between 11 and 13 years old were more likely to walk or bike
than 9 year olds. Children whose parents had a high school education were more
likely to bike or walk than children with college educated parents.
"The
majority of children are missing an opportunity to increase daily physical
activity, " Martin said in a prepared statement.
According
to the CDC, nearly one in five (18. 8
percent)children between 6 and 11 years old are overweight. Increased daily
physical activity is one of the methods the CDC gives to help deal with obesity
(肥胖)in children.
Martin
said that there are all kinds of reasons why children in city areas might be
more likely to bike or walk. They said the fact is that schools may be in
mixed use neighborhoods where it is more possible to bike or walk, compared
with other places where there may be fewer safe sidewalks.
8．Sarah Martin and her workmates found that .
A．younger children would like to bike or walk to school
B．older children are much stronger than the younger children
C．kids whose parents received less education walk more
D．some children are becoming much lazier than others
9．According to the CDC, many children are overweight because they .
A．eat too much every day B．have unhealthy meals
C．are too busy to travel D．take less physical activity
10．From the passage, we can infer that .
A．children should receive a better education
B．some children don't bike or walk because there are fewer safe sidewalks
C．it is unnecessary for children to walk to school
D．children in country areas have more chance to bike or walk than those in cities
11．What section of a newspaper may this passage be taken from
A．Education. B．Culture. C．Sports. D．Health.
【答案】8．C
9．D
10．B
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；议论文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，谈论了导致现在学生肥胖的原因之一是运动量过小。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，而选出正确答案。
8．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Children whose parents had a high school education were more likely to bike or walk than children with college-educated parents.”父母接受过高中教育的孩子比父母接受过大学教育的孩子更有可能骑自行车或步行。可知，父母受教育程度较低的孩子步行更多。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Increased daily physical activity is one of the methods the CDC gives to help deal with obesity (肥胖) in children.”增加日常体育活动是疾病控制中心帮助处理儿童肥胖问题的方法之一。可知，孩子们肥胖的真正的原因是体育活动太少，增加运动量是减肥的方式之一。故选D。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Martin said that there are all kinds of reasons why children in city areas might be more likely to bike or walk. They said the fact is that schools may be in mixed-use neighborhoods where it is more possible to bike or walk，compared with other places where there may be fewer safe sidewalks.”Martin说，有各种各样的原因可以解释为什么城市地区的孩子更有可能骑自行车或步行。他们说，事实是，学校可能位于混合用途的社区，那里更有可能骑自行车或步行，而其他地方的安全人行道可能更少。可知，有些孩子不骑自行车或步行，因为安全人行道较少。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，整篇文章的中心议题是造成孩子们肥胖的原因，应该属于健康范畴，所以应摘自于报纸的健康版面。故选D。
（20121高一上·期末）阅读短文，回答问题
Today,
roller skating is easy and fun. But many years ago, it wasn't easy at all. Before
1750，people never tried skating on wheels. That
changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlin's work was making
instruments. In his free time he liked to play the violin. Merlin was a man
with many ideas and many dreams . People called
him a dreamer.
One
day Merlin received an invitation to go to an important party. He was very
pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began
to think. He wanted to find a way to make a wonderful entrance at the party. Merlin
had an idea. He thought that he would attract a lot of attention if he could
skate into the room.
Merlin
tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two
wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skate shoes. Merlin was
very proud of them. He dreamed of arriving at the party and skating into the
room while playing the violin. He was sure that everyone would be very surprised.
On
the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room, playing his violin. Everyone
was really surprised to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way
to stop his roller skating. He rolled on, playing the violin. Then, with all
eyes on him, Merlin hit into a huge mirror on the wall. The mirror broke into
many pieces with a very loud noise.
Nobody
forgot Merlin's wonderful entrance after that.
12．People called Merlin a dreamer because .
A．he slept and dreamed a lot
B．he was full of different ideas
C．he invented the first roller skate shoes
D．he always made people's dreams come true
13．What was Merlin's problem after he rolled into the room
A．He couldn't stop his roller skating.
B．He couldn't attract a lot of attention.
C．Everyone was surprised at him.
D．He couldn't play the violin while rolling.
14．What's the best title for the passage
A．Joseph Merlin's Story
B．How Roller Skating Was Invented
C．A Surprising Entrance to the Party
D．Roller Skating
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了轮式旱冰鞋的由来。主人公罗斯福梅林是个充满奇怪想法的孩子，在一次宴会上为了让人们大吃一惊，就突发奇想，在自己的鞋底上安装了两个轮子。宴会上确实让人们吃了一惊，但是自己也付出了小小的代价。作者最后提出了轮式旱冰鞋的安全问题，也提醒了我们在玩的高兴地同时要注意安全问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams.”约瑟夫 梅林是个充满想法和梦想的人。及下文描述可知这是一个充满奇怪想法的人，故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skating.”只有一个问题，梅林无法阻止他的轮滑停下来。可知Merlin没办法停住他的轮滑。故选A。
14．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了轮式旱冰鞋的由来。主人公罗斯福梅林是个充满奇怪想法的孩子，在一次宴会上为了让人们大吃一惊，就突发奇想，在自己的鞋底上安装了两个轮子。宴会上确实让人们吃了一惊，但是自己也付出了小小的代价。故选B。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
（20121高一上·期末）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For
some people, choosing which sports to play throughout high school is hard
because they have never really played an organized sport before and aren't sure
what they'll enjoy most. 　15． 　
　16． 　If you're great at
basketball but would rather play football because you think it's more fun, then
give it a go (just make sure it's cool with mom and dad).
Sports
are meant to be fun. 　17． 　What's the worst that can happen If you
get cut, you can always try another sport. And sports like track don't
typically cut participants from the team. You can still participate even if
you're not in the team for the competition.
Some
sports, like baseball or basketball, require every person on the field to be
working well together. 　18． 　
Sports
like tennis, track and field, swimming, gymnastics, and wrestling are all
sports where individual performances are tallied (计算) into team scores. 　19． 　However,
for the most part it's possible to win a solo event in these sports and still
have your team lose, and vice versa(反之亦然).
No
one knows you better than you do. Maybe you enjoy the spotlight. Maybe you get
annoyed by the way teammates act. Luckily, there are many individualized sports
to choose from.
A.
Many people are attracted to team sports. B.
Besides swimming, try fishing, sailing, skiing and surfing. C.
Of course there are exceptions, like relays in track and swimming. D.
For others it's tough because their friends don't like to play the same sports.
E. No matter what
your problem is, you have to make the decision that is best for you. F. If there is a
sport you really enjoy but you aren't sure if you can make the team, try out
anyway. G. Sure, certain
people perform much better than others, but superstars don't necessarily make
a good team.
【答案】15．D；16．E；17．F；18．G；19．C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种运动以及鼓励读者去参加各种适合自己的运动并乐在其中。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
15．根据空前“For some people, choosing which sports to play throughout high school is hard because they have never really played an organized sport before”可知后面一句与前一句应为并列关系，D. For others it's tough because their friends don't like to play the same sports.“对于其他人来说，这很困难，因为他们的朋友不喜欢做同样的运动。”符合语境，故选D。
16．根据空后“If you're great at basketball but would rather play football because you think it's more fun, then give it a go”如果你擅长篮球而不是足球，因为你认为篮球很好玩，那么就是玩篮球。可知应该是选择适合自己的运动，E. No matter what your problem is, you have to make the decision that is best for you.“不管你的问题是什么，你必须做出对你最有利的决定。”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据空后“If you get cut, you can always try another sport”如果你被淘汰了，你可以尝试其他运动；以及“You can still participate even if you're not in the team for the competition.”即使你不在队里，你也可以参加比赛。可知F. If there is a sport you really enjoy but you aren't sure if you can make the team, try out anyway.“如果有一项运动你真的很喜欢，但你不确定你是否能进入球队，无论如何去试试”符合语境，故选F。
18．根据空前“Some sports, like basketball or baseball,require every person on the field to be working well together.”可知这一段讲的是关于团队，G. Sure, certain people perform much better than others, but superstars don't necessarily make a good team.“一些人的确比其他人表现的好，但光凭明星队员却组不成一个好的团队。”与前句需要每个队员团结合作相符合。故选G。
19．根据空前“sports where individual performances are tallied(计算)into team scores”个人表现计入团队得分；以及空后“However, for the most part it's possible to win a solo event in these sports ”然而，大多数来说在这些比赛中赢得个人奖项也是可能的。可知中间的内容应该是一个例外，C. Of course there are exceptions, like relays in track and swimming.“当然也有例外，如田径接力赛和游泳接力赛。”符合语境，故选C。
三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
（20121高一上·期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We all know that sports may help us become stronger. But their 20． go far beyond this. Research shows that sports that involve aiming and hitting skills, for example, tennis, badminton and baseball, help children increase 21． . They help develop leadership qualities and 22． team spirit in kids. They involve competition. Playing sports teaches them to accept 23． with a positive spirit when they lose a game.
Playing sports does a lot of good to the development of 24． skills. Sports teach you to communicate with people and work together as a 25． . Sports improve collective thinking and help develop your planning and organizational skills, too. Sports build 26． , since winning a game always gives you a sense of accomplishment.
Playing sports requires you to strategize(制定策略). You need to be very 27． to score goals or earn points. You need to work out strategies to win. You need to judge your competitor's strategy and change yours 28． . This certainly involves clever thinking, which sports 29． . Studies show that kids who play sports frequently do well in school and college.
Playing sports brings you 30． . Jumping about, running around, racing to get ahead, 31． , falling and standing up again, all of them are a part of playing sports. There is no match for the happiness this brings. 32． ，sports are a form of exercise which produces happiness molecules(分子) in your body, thus improving your mental health. You can't be sad 33． playing sports. Sports produce 34． energy in you and the people around you.
20．A．courses B．benefits C．challenges D．decisions
21．A．focus B．courage C．weight D．strength
22．A．break B．shake C．raise D．change
23．A．explanations B．punishments
C．congratulations D．failures
24．A．musical B．social C．medical D．technical
25．A．team B．nation C．class D．family
26．A．friendship B．judgment C．confidence D．enthusiasm
27．A．strong B．smart C．generous D．humorous
28．A．accordingly B．generally C．equally D．largely
29．A．prepare B．recognize C．encourage D．promise
30．A．hope B．honor C．pride D．pleasure
31．A．cheering B．dreaming C．chatting D．quarreling
32．A．For example B．As a result
C．In addition D．In other words
33．A．while B．before C．unless D．since
34．A．serious B．nervous C．positive D．creative
【答案】20．B；21．A；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．A；26．C；27．B；28．A；29．C；30．D；31．A；32．D；33．A；34．C
【知识点】议论文；其他类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，运动可以帮助我们强身健体，对我们有益。但它们的益处远不止如此。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
20．句意：但它们的益处远不止如此。A：courses“过程，课程”；B：benefits“益处”；C：challenges“挑战”；D：decisions “决定”。根据语境可知，运动可以帮助我们强身健体，对我们有益。但它们的益处远不止如此。故选B。
21．句意：研究表明涉及瞄准和击球技巧，例如网球、羽毛球和棒球的运动有助于孩子注意力的提高。A：focus“（活动、注意力、兴趣等的）中心”；B：courage“勇气”；C：weight“重量”；D：strength“力气，长处”。根据上文 aiming and hitting skills, for example, tennis, badminton and baseball 和常识看可知这些运动有助于孩子注意力的提高。故选A。
22．句意：它们有助于发展孩子的领导能力，提高他们的团队精神。A：break“打破，折断”；B：shake“摇动”；C：raise“提高，抚养”；D：change“改变”。根据语境可知，这些运动有助于发展孩子的领导能力，提高他们的团队精神。故选C。
23．句意：进行运动可以教给孩子们在比赛失败的时候，用积极的精神去对待失败。A：explanations“解释”；B：punishments“惩罚”；C：congratulations“祝贺”；D：failures “失败”。根据空后“when they lose a game”当他们输掉一场比赛的时候，可知此处指用积极的精神去对待失败，故选D。
24．句意：，进行运动有助于人们社交技能的发展。A：musical“音乐的”；B：social“社会的，社交的”；C：medical“医学的”；D：technical “技术的，技巧的”。根据下文“Sports teach you to communicate with people and work together as a 6 ”运动教给你和别人交流。可推知，进行运动有助于人们社交技能的发展。故线B。
25．句意：运动教给人们和别人交流，作为一个团队一起努力。A：team“队”；B：nation“国家，民族”；C：class“班”；D：family “家庭”。根据上文“They help develop leadership qualities and 3 team spirit in kids. ”它们有助于发展孩子的领导能力，提高他们的团队精神。可知选A。
26．句意：运动有助于人们建立信心，因为赢得比赛可以让你有一种成就感。A：friendship“友谊”；B：judgment“判断（力）”；C：confidence“信心”；D：enthusiasm “热心，热情”。根据空后“since winning a game always gives you a sense of accomplishment.”赢得比赛可以让你有一种成就感。可推知，运动有助于人们建立信心。故选C。
27．句意：进球的时候，你需要非常机灵。A：strong“强壮的”；B：smart“机灵的”；C：generous“慷慨的”；D：humorous “幽默的”。根据上文“Playing sports requires you to strategize(制定策略). ”进行运动要求你制定策略，可知进球的时候，需要非常机灵。故选B。
28．句意：你需要判断你的对手的策略，然后对你的策略进行相应的改变调整。A：accordingly“因此，相应地”；B：generally“一般地，通常”；C：equally“平等地”；D：largely “主要地”。根据下文“. This certainly involves clever thinking, which sports 10 . ”我们必然要用到积极的思考。而运动恰恰可以激发这种思考，可推知此处指策略进行相应的改变调整，故选A。
29．句意：我们必然要用到积极的思考。而运动恰恰可以激发这种思考。A：prepare“准备”；B：recognize“认出”；C：encourage“鼓励，激励，促进，激发”；D：promise “承诺”。 根据上文可知，在判断对手策略，调整我们自己的策略的过程中，我们必然要用到积极的思考。而运动恰恰可以激发这种思考。故选C。
30．句意：运动可以给你带来快乐。A：hope“希望”；B：honor“荣誉”；C：pride“骄傲，自豪”；D：pleasure“愉快，令人愉快的事”。根据下文“sports are a form of exercise which produces happiness molecules (分子) in your body, thus improving your mental health”可知，运动可以给你带来快乐。故选D。
31．句意：跳来跳去，跑来跑去，为了领先而赛跑，欢呼，跌倒又站起来，所有这些都是运动的一部分。A：cheering“欢呼，喝彩”；B：dreaming“梦想”；C：chatting“聊天”；D：quarreling “吵架，争吵”。根据语境可知，上下文提到的全都是运动过程中的活动。故选A。
32．句意：换句话说，体育运动是一种能在你的身体里产生快乐分子的运动形式，从而改善你的心理健康。A：For example“例如”；B：As a result“结果”；C：In addition“此外”；D：In other words “换句话说”。根据上文，运动可以使我们快乐。下文亦表示这个意思，是对上文的解释。故选D。
33．句意：当你在运动的时候，你不可能难过。A：while“当……时候，尽管”；B：before“在……之前”；C：unless“除非，如果不”；D：since “自从”。根据上文“sports are a form of exercise which produces happiness molecules(分子) in your body, thus improving your mental health. ”体育运动是一种能在你的身体里产生快乐分子的运动形式，从而改善你的心理健康。可知当你在运动的时候，你不可能难过。故选A。
34．句意：运动为你和你周围的人都产生了积极的能量。A：serious“严肃的，严重的”；B：nervous“紧张的”；C：positive“积极 的，主动的”；D：creative “有创造性的”。根据语境可知，运动为你和你周围的人都产生了积极的能量。故选C。
四、语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
（20121高一上·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am not a brave girl 　35． 　 I've been crazy about bungee jumping(蹦极). One day, I found a good place for this exciting sport in Thailand by　36． 　(surf) the Internet . I packed my bag and 　37． 　(fly) there. However, I had no idea how to get to the address listed on the website. I called them and took a taxi, but the taxi driver didn't know the way, either. He dropped me halfway.
Having bought some bread, I had to wait for the car 　38． 　 was supposed to pick me up. At last a young man drove me to the bungee jumping place. I was amazed by the 　39． 　(sight) along the road. There I signed　40． 　 agreement and put on a harness(安全带). The guide led me through a gate, asked me to sit in a special seat and tied my legs and ankles(踝) well. As soon as I stood up and felt my ankles 　41． 　(tie) together, I got scared, I walked 　42． 　(slow) to the edge of the bridge and looked back. The workers looked at me and couldn't help 　43． 　(laugh). At last it was time to go. My memory seemed to stop. I felt myself going up, like riding a fast lift, and then another drop... Finally, I stopped in the air. I spread my arms wide, laughing loudly and 　44． 　(proud). The workers pulled me up, smiling at me.
【答案】35．but；36．surfing；37．flew；38．that/which；39．sights；40．an；41．tied；42．slowly；43．laughing；44．proudly
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个不勇敢的女孩痴迷蹦极，经过一番周折终于蹦极成功的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，非谓语动词，时态，定语从句，名词，冠词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
35．句意：我不是一个勇敢的女孩，但我一直痴迷于蹦极。根据上下文语境可知，此句前后部分为转折关系，应该使用转折关系的连词，故填but。
36．句意：通过上网，我在泰国发现做这项刺激的运动的好地方。介词by后面应该接动名词充当宾语，故填surfing。
37．句意：我打包好行李并且坐飞机去了那。由本句中的打包packed使用的是过去时，是and连接的并列谓语动词，需要前后一致，故填flew。
38．句意：我必须等那本应来接我的车。 was supposed to pick me up是限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语，先行词为非人的the car，故填that/which。
39．句意：我被沿途的风景惊艳到了。定冠词the后面应该接名词，sight“景象”，是可数名词，沿途风景肯定不止一处，应该使用复数，故填sights。
40．句意：然后我签署了一份协议并系上了安全带。agreement是可数名词，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，agreement是以元音音素开头的单词，应使用an。故填an。
41．句意：在我站起来的时候，我能感觉我的脚踝绑在了一起，我开始害怕。my ankles和tie是逻辑上的被动关系，应该使用过去分词做宾语补足语，故填tied。
42．句意：我慢慢地走到大桥边缘，并且往回看。空格处用来修饰动词walked，应该使用副词，故填slowly。
43．句意：工作人员看着我，情不自禁地笑了起来。couldn't help doing sth，固定短语，“禁不住做某事”，故填laughing。
44．句意：我打开我的手臂，笑得很大且很自豪。空处应与loudly为并列结构，修饰laughing，用副词作状语，故填proudly。
五、应用文写作（15分）
45．（20121高一上·期末）假定你校正在开展"根除陋习，创建文明校园"活动，请你以此为主题用英语写一篇80词左右的发言稿，向全校学生倡议：
根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟……
提倡：讲礼貌、互助……
注意：开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
As
is known to all, our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order
to build a civilized campus. 　 　
That's
all. Thank you.
【答案】Dear friends, As is known to all, our school has launched a campaign against bad habits in order to build a civilized campus. But I've found lots of bad behaviour still exists in our school. This does great harm to the image of our school. Therefore, I strongly urge that we students stop throwing rubbish and spitting everywhere. Besides, everyone mustn't waste food. Such bad manners as smoking and fighting should also be removed from our campus. Meanwhile, we should start with ourselves to perform good manners all the time and everywhere. We also promote the spirit of helping each other and healthy competition. Let's take action and contribute to making our school a nicer place. That's all. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一篇发言稿，向全校学生倡议。写作背景：你校正在开展"根除陋习，创建文明校园"活动。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：根除：乱扔垃圾、浪费食物、吸烟……；提倡：讲礼貌、互助……。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：But I've found lots of bad behaviour still exists in our school. 运用了宾语从句；Therefore, I strongly urge that we students stop throwing rubbish and spitting everywhere.运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气； Such bad manners as smoking and fighting should also be removed from our campus. 运用了被动语态；Let's take action and contribute to making our school a nicer place.运用了祈使句。
六、故事续写（25分）
46．（20121高一上·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I
sat at the breakfast table with my four year old son, Matthew, trying to ignore
the ache in my stomach. "Mama, want to play？""Not
today, baby, " I shook my head. These days I could barely get out of bed. I
was still recovering from a surgery. I hoped for strength and happiness. But
the future seemed so hopeless.
Suddenly,
Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. "Bird！" he shouted, rushing to our courtyard. Sure enough, there was
a white dove seated in a rubber tree. It sat there for a few moments, and then
flew away. Strange, I'd never seen one in our neighborhood before.
When
I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. This time
with a mate carrying twigs(嫩枝). "Look, Matthew, " I said, pointing to the
tree. "They're going to make a nest. " The doves flew in and out of
the courtyard all week, building on top of the rubber tree.
Matthew
could hardly contain his excitement. Every morning, he'd run into the kitchen
and take his spot by the sliding glass door talking to the birds while they
worked. His enthusiasm was influential. As much as I was grieving(悲伤)，I couldn't
help but look forward to the doves' visits too.
Then
it all went wrong. The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest, but the
rubber tree's broad, thin leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind
blew, throwing the doves' nest to the ground. I heard the twigs break apart.
I
surveyed the damage. Nothing good ever lasts. I wouldn't blame the doves if
they never came back. But they returned. And they paid no attention to the pile
of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from scratch. Again,
though, the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they
renewed their efforts, as if nothing had happened.
Paragraph
1：
IknewIhadtodosomething.
Paragraph
2：
"Itworks!Thebirdsareback！"
Matthewannounced.
【答案】Paragraph 1：
I knew I had to do something. The white dove and its mate had given me something to look forward to, even in my darkest days. Now I was going to help them in return. I woke up the following morning with a plan. There was only an hour before the doves usually made their visits. I hammered a shelf into the wall next to the rubber tree and covered it with leaves to make it look like a tree. Then Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping.
Paragraph 2：
"It works! The birds are back！" Matthew announced. There they were sitting on top of the shelf, adding some twigs to the new nest despite damage from the strong wind. Three weeks later, we watched three chicks break free from their shells. "Chirp, chirp！" Matthew sang. I held him close and kissed him, feeling more positive and hopeful than I had in months. I realized all around me, life went on. And it was filled with wonders and surprises that I couldn't even imagine.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，作者四岁的儿子Matthew每天都看到白鸽来到自己家的院子里，每天早上，他都会跑进厨房，站在滑动玻璃门旁边，在鸟儿搭巢时和它们说话。一天夜里，刮起了一阵大风，把鸽巢掀到地上。作者以为鸽子再也不回来，但他们又回来了。它们对那堆曾经是它们巢穴的树枝毫不在意。他们又从零开始。然而，风又一次摧毁了他们所有的辛勤工作。第二天，下一天，他们又继续努力，仿佛什么也没发生过。段落续写：①第一由段首句内容“我知道我必须做点什么”可知，后文应该是讲述鸽子给了作者一些值得期待的东西，于是作者在橡胶树旁边的墙上钉了一个架子，并用树叶覆盖，使它看起来像一棵树。然后和Matthew站在滑动玻璃门旁边等待着，希望着。②由第二段首句内容“‘起作用了！鸟儿回来了!' Matthew宣布”可知，后文应该写鸽子们回来后的情况，三个星期后，三只小鸽子破壳而出。作者和儿子都感到几个月来从未有过的乐观和希望。作者也意识到，在周围，生活在继续，充满了无法想象的奇迹和惊喜。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： There was only an hour before the doves usually made their visits. 运用了时间状语从句；Then Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping.运用了现在分词作伴随状语；I held him close and kissed him, feeling more positive and hopeful than I had in months. 运用了比较状语从句；I realized all around me, life went on. 运用了宾语从句；And it was filled with wonders and surprises that I couldn't even imagine.运用了限制性定语从句。
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