黑龙江省鹤岗市重点中学2021-2022学年高一下学期英语开学考试

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黑龙江省鹤岗市重点中学2021-2022学年高一下学期英语开学考试
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
Silk Road Tours
Along this over 4, 000 km road, you can experience colorful culture, precious historical relics and beautiful northern and western landscape!
Top Silk Road Attractions:
1. Terracotta Warriors□
Type: History Museums, Historic Sites
Recommended Length of Visit： 3 hours
As the eighth wonder of the ancient world, it has a history of more than 2, 200 years. Oriental mummies await you to discover their mystery.
2. Mogao Grottoes□
Type: Buddhism, Historic Sites
Recommended Length of Visit：3 hours
Considered as the eastern Louvre Museum, Mpga0 Grottoes is a glorious treasure of ancient Buddhist cave art. The history of Mogao Grottoes can be traced back to the "Five Hu—16Kingdoms" period (AD 304 — 439).
3. Big Wild Goose Pagoda□
Type: Culture & History, Buddhism
Recommended Length of Visit: 2 hours
For hundreds of years, this great pagoda has always been the symbol of Xi an. It is famous for the great traveler Xuanzang of Tang Dynasty who traveled from China to India to learn the Buddhism and got back to China with many precious Buddhist scriptures (佛经).
4. Qinghai Lake
Type: Lake
Recommended Length of Visit: 5 hours
Known as the largest inland lake, as well as the largest salt water lake in China, it is the most visited and famous attraction in Qinghai Province. Here, you not only enjoy the fantastic natural beauty, but also experience the amazing culture here.
◎Please click " "to add the attraction to your favorite list. Let us plan a private Silk Road Tour for you!
1．What do Mogao Grottoes and Big Wild Goose Pagoda have in common
A．Both contain ancient Buddhist cave art.
B．Both are related to history and Buddhism.
C．Both are known as the symbol of Xi'an.
D．Both were constructed during- the Tang Dynasty.
2．Which of the following provides tourists with breathtaking natural scenery
A．Qinghai Lake. B．Mogao Grottoes.
C．Big Wild Goose Pagoda. D．Terracotta Warriors.
3．Where is this text most likely from
A．A Newspaper. B．A guidebook. C．A magazine. D．A website.
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
Ten years ago I used to be very fit. I rode a bike to work and I got a lot
of exercise at weekends. I used to play tennis a lot and go for long walks. In
those days I didn't earn very much. I had a job in an office. It wasn't a very
good job but I had a lot of time to do the things I enjoyed doing.
Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but
the hours were a lot longer. I bought a car and drove to work every day. I
began to take people out to lunch. And I began to put on weight, too. I stopped
playing tennis and going for long walks at weekends because I just didn't have
any time for things like that any more.
There's a lot of stress in my job. Perhaps that is why I started drinking
more than I used to. For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky
when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and instead of
having one glass, I would have several. I started smoking a lot, too. I never
used to smoke at all.
Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn't believe it. Luckily
it wasn't very serious. The doctor advised me to stop smoking and to eat less. He
also advised me to work less and get more exercise. But I just haven't any
time! My job takes everything out of me!
Sometimes I wonder if I should get another job. Perhaps I could do
something like I used to do. But if I do that, I won't earn as much. I have a
family to support. I have to think of them, too. I just don't know what I
should do. What do you think？
4．Compared with ten years ago, what is worse for the author now？
A．His job. B．His pay.
C．His means of transport. D．His health.
5．According to the passage, when the author got the better job, which of the following is NOT true？
A．He got higher pay.
B．His working hours weren't long.
C．He found it very stressful.
D．He had little free time at weekends.
6．After the author had a heart attack, the doctor advised him___________.
A．not to work any longer B．to take a long vacation abroad
C．to stop smoking and take exercise D．not to eat out any more
7．What can we learn about the author？
A．The author is not sure what he should do now.
B．The author has taken the doctor's advice.
C．The author has got another new job.
D．The author feels much better now.
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
Halloween dog parades(游行), where dogs get around in fun costumes(服装),
are a fairly common scene during this time of the year. However, the largest
and most popular gathering of its kind is New York City's Tompkins Square
Halloween Dog Parade. The annual event attracts over 300 dogs and their proud
owners, who often wear matched costumes to help their four-legged friends win
the Best of Show title.
Now celebrating its 29th year, the 2019 parade took place at the East River
Park Amphitheater on Sunday, October 20. Hundreds of New Yorkers braved the
dark weather and light rain to admire the dogs acting as famous persons, fictional
books and movie characters, popular foods, and even other animals. Among the
most famous were two dogs dressed as Sesame Street's Big Bird and Oscar the
Grouch. Their owners joined in the fun by dressing up as popular muppets (木偶), Bert and Ernie.
A four-legged "Snoop Dogg" also made an appearance, complete with
a famous American singers gold chain and sunglasses. A kind-looking dog dressed
as Little Red Riding Hood showed up together with a "Big Bad Wolf".
The 2019 Best of Show title, which came with a $500 gift card, went to two
Yorkshire Terriers dressed as the leading characters from Charles Schulz's
bestselling cartoon novel Snoopy and the Red Baron. The well-designed costumes
included a doghouse and a model World War I plane, which took the owner over a
month to build.
A Jack Russell Terrier dressed as a bowl of noodles and his "chef"
owner were awarded second place, while a dog and its owners, acting as
characters from the 2019 horror movie Midsommar, placed third. Regardless of
whether or not they won, the dogs and their owners all had a great time showing
off their costumes to the cheering crowds.
8．What can be inferred from the text
A．All the dogs wear the same clothes as their proud owners.
B．No other dog parades attract more than 300 dogs except the New York Parade.
C．Few of the dog owners try to help their dogs win the Best of Show title.
D．Dogs from all over the Asia join in New York City's Dog Parade.
9．When did the New York Halloween dog parade originally begin
A．In 2000 B．In 1999. C．In 1990. D．In 2009.
10．The 2019 Best of Show title was awarded to_______.
A．Two Yorkshire Terriers. B．Oscar the Grouch.
C．A Jack Russell Terrier. D．Snoopy and the Red Baron.
11．What do the dog owners care about most in the parade
A．Winning the Best of Show title. B．Getting the $500 gift card.
C．Showing off the dogs' talents. D．Having the great fun.
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
The phrase "The early bird catches the worm" may be true. It
means people who wake up early get more done than people who don't. Another
saying is, "Early to bed, early to rise" makes a man healthy, wealthy,
and wise. " Scientists have found that people who go to bed before 11: 00
p. m. may do better in life than people who sleep around 2: 30 a. m.
The researchers are from Birmingham's Centre for Human Brain Health in the
UK. Their research showed that people who slept and rose early (early birds)
had an advantage over people who slept and woke up late (night owls). There
were differences in the brain function of early birds and night owls.
The scientists tested 38 people in their research. The people answered
questionnaires about their sleeping pattern and when they felt tired during the
day. They were then put into an early bird or night owl group based on their
answers.
All of the people had MRI scans on their brain and did different tests
throughout the day. The researchers said there were big differences between the
two groups. The early birds said they felt less sleepy and were able to do the
tests quicker than the night owls. The researchers said, "Night owls
during school have to get up earlier, then they go into work and they have to
get up earlier, so they're constantly having to fight against their bad life
habits."
12．Why does the author use two phrases in the first paragraph
A．To compare their differences.
B．To offer some useful language materials.
C．To persuade people to learn more phrases.
D．To prove sleeping and rising early is good.
13．Who are night owls according to the research
A．People who stay up late. B．People who sleep early.
C．People who get up on time. D．People who wake up early.
14．How does the author prove his viewpoint in the text
A．By answering questions. B．By offering an example.
C．By showing the research result. D．By performing an experiment.
15．What would be the best title for the text
A．The Harm of Going to Bed Late. B．Tests From Birmingham's Centre.
C．Two Different English Phrases. D．Early to Bed, Early to Rise.
二、（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the most well-liked foods in America is the hot dog. The selling of
hot dogs has already become a popular business. 　16． 　Almost half of all hot dogs were sold
between Memorial Day and Labor Day. On July 4th alone, Americans bought 150
million hot dog.
The sales of hot dogs have increased a lot. 　17． 　New ingredients have widened the
appeal of the hot dog to various groups. Many Americans can now choose meatless
and low-fat varieties of hot dogs. Chicken, turkey, and beef hot dogs are also
avaiable(可购得的)
for purchase.
The popularity of the hot dog is also a result of the many ways the food is
prepared in different parts of the United States. 　18． 　Hot dog lovers in Chicago often use
yellow mustard (FK), raw onions and tomato slices with their hot dogs. In the
south. however, people put coleslaw(a kind of salad )on their hot dogs. 　19． 　. People from Kansas City enjoy their
hot dogs with melted Swiss cheese.
No matter how people order, fix, or eat their hot dogs, this convenient
meal remains an important part of the American diet. 　20． 　Supermarkets, restaurants, and food
stands across the United States continue to buy a huge number of hot dogs from
suppliers so they can provide customers with one of their favorite foods: the
all-American hot dog.
A. How Americans prepare their hot dogs depends on
where they live.
B. The longest hot dog created in the world was 60
meters.
C. It is safer to heat a hot dog before you eat it.
D. Last year. Americans ate more than 20 billion hot
dogs.
E. This is, in part, due to some changes in the
product.
F. They are always in such high demand.
G. People from New York like their hot dogs with a lot
of onions.
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
21．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have a close childhood friend. He spent the
last eight years attending night （1） to get his bachelor's
degree (学士学位) while also doing a full-time job. Last month, after years of
late nights and weekends of studying, he （2） graduated.
He （3） in our hometown after high
school, （4） most of his friends, myself
included, left long ago for other states for university and jobs. Over time,
work, families, and other （5） have made it difficult for
us all to be （6） in our hometown at the same
time.
I put forward a wonderful idea: plan a weekend
that we'd all be （7） to fly back to our hometown
to surprise him and celebrate his （8） . It was so much fun （9） the affair. The bait (诱饵): his mom told him that he was going to have （10） with just his grandparents
to celebrate. Little did he know that the family dinner would （11） a 20-person affair with
friends from all around the states. I got to （12） a cake so that everyone （13） could enjoy it.
When
the guest of honour arrived to "dinner with the （14） ", he was greatly surprised and told us it
made him feel special. The "white lie" dinner plan was a great （15） for me.
（1）A．club B．party C．cafe D．school
（2）A．finally B．quickly C．suddenly D．luckily
（3）A．taught B．stayed C．arrived D．married
（4）A．but B．so C．or D．for
（5）A．adventures B．requests C．experiences D．arrangements
（6）A．inside B．apart C．back D．out
（7）A．safe B．eager C．free D．anxious
（8）A．birthday B．achievement C．examination D．wisdom
（9）A．debating B．studying C．planning D．controlling
（10）A．lunch B．dinner C．time D．fun
（11）A．turn into B．give up C．relate to D．focus on
（12）A．sell B．deliver C．cut D．order
（13）A．attending B．leaving C．receiving D．tasting
（14）A．teachers B．grandparents C．classmates D．friends
（15）A．surprise B．worry C．success D．stress
四、阅读下面句子，根据汉语提示或首字母，在空白处填入单词适当形式。（每小题1分）
22．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Being liked creates 　 　(机会)for learning and for new kinds of
life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage.
23．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Each country uses doors , but doors may have
different 　 　(功能)leading to cultural differences.
24．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）In its　 　(一年一度的) report, UNICEF says at least 40000 children die
every day.
25．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）We faced a series of　 　(挑战) during the competition, but finally we won the first prize.
26．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I wasn't able to hide my　 　(渴望) so I asked, "What do you wish me to do now "
27．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）There are many Easter traditions and　 　(风俗). The most typical food is Easter eggs. The rabbit is also a symbol of Easter.
28．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I　 　(认出) him as soon as he came into the room although we hadn't met for years.
29．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）All the details of the meeting are fresh in my　 　(记忆).
30．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）So far, some　 　 (advance) teaching equipment, together with three hundred new books has been sent to those schools in the faraway area.
31．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Come on! Let's give support and 　 　 (inspire) to each other.
32．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）After a while, she a　 　 for the rude way she behaved at the beginning.
33．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）D　 　 the fact that it was raining, she still went out hurriedly.
34．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）With the car a　 　 the town center, several tall buildings came into view.
35．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Our teacher is very strict with us, yet we all show our r　 　 for her.
36．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）My brother has g　 　 from our school and soon he will go to college.
五、阅读下面句子，根据句意，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每小题1分）
37．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I'm not impressed with the film's background music. But its story left a good　 　 on me. (impress)
38．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Depending on their　 　 (profession) skills, they quickly prevented the fire from spreading.
39．The company made an 　 　 (announce) that they decided to introduce
their products to Asia.
40．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Here are the questions, some of　 　 I thought are difficult for you.
41．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Would you pick me up at your　 　 (convenient)
42．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）With the Spring Festival drawing near, our city is preparing a 　 　 (various) of celebrations.
43．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）In order to avoid traffic jams, I strongly suggest some　 　 (effect) measures be taken.
44．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）The doctor recommended me some tips that I should exercise　 　 (regular) and go on a diet.
45．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I was organizing my words in my head　 　 the girl next to me gave me a nudge.
46．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）An airplane　 　 (observe) to appear on the screen of radar last week.
六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rachel and her husband, Jason, 　47． 　were
both experienced climbers, were on a climbing holiday in Switzerland. When they
were 3, 000 metres up in the mountains, there was　48． 　storm. The wind was　49． 　(extreme) strong and the snow was two
metres deep. They couldn't move. Rachel had her mobile phone with her, so she
sent a text message to five friends in the UK　50． 　(get) their help.
About four hours later, one of her friends, Martha, responded　51． 　her with a text message. Martha said she
had phoned the police in Switzerland and that they had got in touch with the
mountain rescue team.
But the weather was so bad　52． 　the
helicopter (直升飞机)
couldn't get to the two climbers. The rescue team sent a message to Rachel, 　53． 　(say)："So
sorry Rachel. We tried. Wind is too strong. Have to wait till morning. Take
care. Be strong. "Rachel felt　54． 　(hope) and thought they were going to
die as it was freezing, -15℃. However, Jason encouraged
her, telling her not to give up.
Next morning the storm　55． 　(pass) and the helicopter arrived to take
them off the mountain. After the accident, they cared for each other with
greater　56． 　(devote).
七、写作(满分15分)
57．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）假如你是李华，上周在外教Mr.
Jackson的口语课上使用手机被老师发现，手机被收走。请给外教写一封道歉信，
内容应包括以下要点：
1）表示歉意；
2）解释上课使用手机的原因；
3）提出自己的请求并适当表态。
注意：
1）可适当添加细节使文章连贯；
2）字数80左右；
Dear Mr. Jackson,
……
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．D
【考点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了丝路游览的几个景点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 2. Mogao Grottoes 部分中的“Mogao Grottoes is a glorious treasure of ancient Buddhist cave art. The history of Mogao Grottoes can be traced back to the ‘Five Hu—16Kingdoms’ period (AD 304 — 439).”莫高窟是古代佛教石窟艺术的瑰宝。 莫高窟的历史可以追溯到“五胡十六国”时期（公元304—439年）；以及 3. Big Wild Goose Pagoda 部分中的“It is famous for the great traveler Xuanzang of Tang Dynasty who traveled from China to India to learn the Buddhism and got back to China with many precious Buddhist scriptures （佛经）.”以唐代伟大的旅行家玄奘从中国到印度学习佛法，带着许多珍贵的佛经回到中国而闻名。可知Mogao Grottoes (AD 304 — 439)和Big Wild Goose Pagoda（唐朝）都有悠久的历史，并且都与佛教有关。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据 4. Qinghai Lake 部分中的“Here, you not only enjoy the fantastic natural beauty, but also experience the amazing culture here.”在这里，你不仅可以欣赏到奇妙的自然美景，还可以体验这里令人惊叹的文化。可知可以在青海湖欣赏到极好的自然美和文化。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。通览全文可知，本文介绍了丝路游览的几个景点，且根据最后一段“◎Please click to add the attraction to your favorite list.”请单击以将景点添加到你最喜欢的列表中。可知这是网站上的一篇文章。故选D。
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．C
7．A
【考点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者前后不同的工作给作者的健康带来了不同的影响的情况，告诉我们要更多注意自己的健康状态，保持健康的身体。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Ten years ago I used to be very fit”.可知，10年前作者很健康；根据倒数第二段中的“Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn’t believe it. Luckily it wasn’t very serious.”可知，两个月前作者得了心脏病，一开始他简直不敢相信，幸好不是很严重。可推断，和10年相比，作者现在的健康出了很大的问题。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but the hours were a lot longer.”，然后，大约八年前，作者找到了一份更好的工作，工资更高了，但工作时间更长了。可知，“作者的工作时间不长”与原文不符。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“The doctor advised me to stop smoking and to eat less. He also advised me to work less and get more exercise.”医生劝我戒烟少吃。 他还建议我少工作，多运动。可知，医生建议作者戒烟、少吃、少工作和多锻炼。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I have to think of them, too. I just don’t know what I should do. What do you think ”我也得想想他们。我就是不知道该怎么做。你觉得怎么样 可知，作者很迷茫，不知道该怎么办。故选A。
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
【考点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2019年的万圣节狗狗变装游行活动。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“However, the largest and most popular gathering of its kind is New York City’s Tompkins Square Halloween Dog Parade. The annual event attracts over 300 dogs and their proud owners”不过，规模最大、最受欢迎的此类聚会是纽约市汤普金斯广场的万圣节狗狗变装游行。这项一年一度的活动吸引了300多只狗和它们自豪的主人。可知，在纽约举行的狗狗变装游行是规模最大、最受欢迎的此类聚会，吸引了300多只狗狗，可推断，除了纽约的狗狗变装游行外，其他任何一个狗狗变装游行都不会吸引超过300只狗狗。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now celebrating its 29th year, the 2019 parade took place at the East River Park Amphitheater on Sunday, October 20.”现在是在庆祝第29周年，2019年的变装游行于10月20日在东河公园圆形剧场举行。可知，2019年是庆祝29周年，所以活动是从1990年开始的。故选C。
10．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The 2019 Best of Show title, which came with a $500 gift card, went to two Yorkshire Terriers…”2019年最佳表演奖由两只约克郡犬获得，奖品是价值500美元的礼品卡……，可知，2019年的最佳表演奖颁发给了两只约克郡犬。故选A。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Regardless of whether or not they won, the dogs and their owners all had a great time showing off their costumes to the cheering crowds.”不管他们是否赢了，狗狗们和他们的主人都很开心地向欢呼的人群展示他们的服装。可知，狗狗的主人最关心的是在变装游行中玩得开心。故选D。
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．C
15．D
【考点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，根据研究表明，早睡早起的人比晚睡晚起的人有优势。早起的鸟类和夜猫子的大脑功能存在差异。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Scientists have found that people who go to bed before 11: 00 p. m. may do better in life than people who sleep around 2: 30 a.m.”科学家发现，晚上11点之前上床睡觉的人可能比凌晨2:30左右睡觉的人生活得更好。可知，为了证明睡眠和早起是好的，作者在第一段中使用了两个习语。故选D。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Their research showed that people who slept and rose early (early birds) had an advantage over people who slept and woke up late(night owls).”他们的研究表明，早睡早起的人（早起的鸟儿）比晚睡晚起的人（夜猫子）有优势。可知，根据这项研究，夜猫子是指熬夜的人。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“All of the people had MRI scans on their brain and did different tests throughout the day.”所有的人都对他们的大脑进行了核磁共振扫描，并在一天中做了不同的测试；以及后文内容，可知通过展示研究结果，作者在文中证明了自己的观点。故选C。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The phrase ‘The early bird catches the worm’ may be true. It means people who wake up early get more done than people who don’t. Another saying is,‘Early to bed, early to rise’ makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise."“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”这句话可能是真的。这意味着早起的人比不早起的人做得更多。另一种说法是，“早睡早起”使人健康、富有和聪明。”结合全文大意，可知Early to Bed, Early to Rise“早睡早起”适合做文章标题，故选D。
【答案】16．D；17．E；18．A；19．G；20．F
【考点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了深受美国人喜爱的食物——热狗。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“The selling of hot dogs has already become a popular business.”热狗的销售已经成为一种受欢迎的生意。可知，空格处将进一步用具体的数字来解释热狗受欢迎的程度。D.Last year, Americans ate more than 20 billion hot dogs.“去年，美国人吃了超过200亿的热狗”符合语境。故选D。
17．根据空后“New ingredients have widened the appeal of the hot dog to various groups.”新的材料拓宽了不同人群对热狗的喜爱。可知，在热狗产品中使用了新的佐料，有了变化，吸引了更多的人。E.This is, in part, due to some changes in the product.“部分原因是由于在产品方面的一些变化”与下文话题一致。故选E。
18．根据空前“The popularity of the hot dog is also a result of the many ways the food is prepared in different parts of the United States.”热狗受欢迎的程度也是由于食物在美国不同地方制作的方法各异造成的。可知，美国不同地方制作热狗的方法不同。A.How Americans prepare their hot dogs depends on where they live.“美国人制作热狗的方法依赖于他们住的地方”符合语境。故选A。
19．根据空后“People from Kansas City enjoy their hot dogs with melted Swiss cheese.”来自堪萨斯州的人喜欢带有融化的瑞士奶酪的热狗。可知，本段列举不同地方的人喜欢不同口味的热狗。G. People from New York like their hot dogs with a lot of onions.“来自纽约的人喜欢带有许多洋葱的热狗”符合语境。故选G。
20．根据空前“No matter how people order, fix, or eat their hot dogs, this convenient meal remains an important part of the American diet.”无论人们如何订购，改进，或者吃他们的热狗，这种方便的食物一直是美国人饮食的重要部分。可知，美国人对热狗的喜爱。F. They are always in such high demand.”它们总是供不应求，其中的They指代的就是上句中的hot dogs，符合语境。故选F。
21．【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）C；（8）B；（9）C；（10）B；（11）A；（12）D；（13）A；（14）B；（15）C
【考点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者儿时朋友在家乡花了八年时间读夜校，终于拿到了学士学位。他的大多数朋友，包括作者自己都离开家乡外出求学和工作，很少回家乡与他相聚。这次为了庆祝他通过千辛万苦获得学士学位，作者和其他朋友为他专门举办了一个惊喜毕业宴会。
（1）考查名词。句意：他上夜校八年最后获得了学士学位，与此同时他还有一份全职工作。A. club“俱乐部”；B. party“聚会”；C. café “餐馆”；D. school“学校”。根据下一句中的“graduated”可知，朋友毕业获得学士学位，这是需要通过上学获得的。attend night school固定短语，“上夜校”，合乎语境。故选D。
（2）考查副词。句意：上个月，经过多年的夜晚和周末的学习，他终于毕业了。A. finally“最后”；B. quickly“迅速地”；C. suddenly“突然地”；D. luckily“幸运地”。结合前面谈到的信息，朋友在全职工作的情况下读了八年的夜校，经历了千辛万苦，他终于毕业了。故选A。
（3）考查动词。句意：高中毕业后，他留在了我们的家乡。A. teach“教育”；B. stay“留下”；C. arrive“到达”；D. marry “结婚”。根据下文“most of his friends, myself included, left long ago for other states for university and jobs.”他的大多数朋友离开了家乡去读书和工作；及下文“fly back to our hometown to surprise him.”朋友们乘飞机回到家乡给他送去惊喜，可知，他在高中毕业后留在了家乡。故选B。
（4）考查连词。句意：但他的大多数朋友，包括我在内，早就离开家乡去其他州读书和工作。A. but“但是”；B. so“所以”；C. or“或者”；D. for“因为”。上文提到高中毕业后他留在了家乡，下文讲他的大多数朋友离开了家乡去读书和工作。因此空前后的两个句子在语意上是转折关系。故选A。
（5）考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，工作、家庭和其他安排使我们很难同时回到家乡。A. adventure“冒险”；B. request“要求”；C. experience“经历”；D. arrangement “安排”。本句讲的是作者及其他朋友为什么很难同时回到家乡，原因包括工作、家庭。此处填入“冒险、要求、经历”与work和families并列是不合适的，而other arrangements表示“除了工作、家庭之外的安排”，即包含了很多因素，合乎语境。故选D。
（6）考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，工作、家庭和其他安排使我们很难同时回到家乡。A. inside“ 在内部”；B. apart“分开”；C. back “向后”；D. out“在外面”。根据下文“fly back to our hometown”中的“back”一词可知，朋友们要乘飞机回到家乡。故选C。
（7）考查形容词。句意：我提出了一个绝妙的主意：计划选择一个周末，我们都能有空闲飞回家乡，给他一个惊喜，庆祝他的毕业成就。A. safe“安全的”；B. eager“渴望的”；C. free “空闲的，自由的”；D. anxious “焦虑的”。根据上文可知工作、家庭和其他安排让他们很少同时回到家乡，因此安排出一个周末以便大家“有空闲”都回去。故选C。
（8）考查名词。句意：我提出了一个绝妙的主意：计划选择一个周末，我们都能有空闲飞回家乡，给他一个惊喜，庆祝他的毕业成就。A. birthday“生日”；B. achievement “成就”；C. examination“考试”；D. wisdom “智慧”。朋友在全职工作的情况下读了八年的夜校终于毕业了。毕业是他经历千辛万苦取得的成就。因此朋友们包括作者本人从外地飞回家乡庆祝他的毕业。故选B。
（9）考查动词。句意：策划这件事真是太有趣了。A. debate“辩论”；B. study “学习”；C. plan “计划”；D. control“ 控制”。根据下文“The ‘white lie’ dinner plan was a great ___15___ for me.”可知，这次聚餐计划是个善意的谎言，作者及朋友们决定由他的母亲出面，告诉他是去与自己的祖父母吃饭，到时他却发现变成了有20人参加的同学聚会，他一定会很惊讶，因此这是在他不知情的情况下策划的一件事情，plan是提示词。故选C。
（10）考查名词。句意：他妈妈告诉他，他要和祖父母一起吃晚饭庆祝他的毕业。A. lunch“午餐”；B. dinner“晚餐”；C. time“时间”；D. fun “乐趣”。根据下文“When the guest of honour arrived to dinner with the ___14___”可知，妈妈告诉他回来与祖父母一起吃晚饭。故选B。
（11）考查动词短语。句意：他不知道这顿家庭晚餐会变成一场20人的聚餐，他的美国各地的朋友们也参加到这场聚会。A. turn into“变成”；B. give up“放弃”；C. relate to “与……有关”；D. focus on “关注”。朋友们回来是为庆祝他毕业的，但他并不知道。妈妈告诉他和祖父母吃饭。最后他发现这顿饭“转变”为一个有20人参加的聚会。故选A。
（12）考查动词。句意：我去订购了一个蛋糕，让所有参加的人都能享用。A. sell“卖出”；B. deliver “寄 送，交付”；C. cut“削减”；D. order “订购”。根据本句后面部分可知，为了每个人能吃到蛋糕因此作者去订购一个大蛋糕。故选D。
（13）考查动词。句意：我去订购了一个蛋糕，让所有参加 的 人都能享用。A. attend“出席，参加”；B. leave“离开”；C. receive“接收”；D. taste“ 品尝”。此处用attending作后置定语修饰everyone表示到场参加聚餐的每一个人，合乎语境。故选A。
（14）考查名词。句意：当他回来与祖父母共进晚餐时，他非常惊讶并告诉我们这让他感到很特别。A. teacher“教师”；B. grandparents“祖父母”；C. classmate“ 同学”；D. friend“朋友”。根据上文“his mom told him that he was going to have ___10___ with just his grandparents to celebrate”可知，上文谈到朋友的母亲告诉他要和祖父母一起吃晚饭。故选B。
（15）考查名词。句意：在“善意的谎言”下，这个晚餐计划对我来说是一个巨大的成功。A. surprise“惊喜”；B. worry“担心”；C. success“ 成功”；D. stress “压力”。根据上文“he was greatly surprised and told us it made him feel special”可知，朋友很感动，因此这个聚会是成功的。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
22．【答案】opportunities
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：被人喜欢为学习和获得新的生活经验创造了机会，帮助人们获得优势。此处名词作宾语，opportunity，“机会”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填opportunities。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
23．【答案】functions
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：每个国家都使用门，但门可能具有不同的功能，从而导致文化差异。function“功能”，可数名词，different后需接可数名词复数。故填functions。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
24．【答案】annual
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：联合国儿童基金会在其年度报告中称，每天至少有4万名儿童死亡。annual“一年一度的”，形容词，此处作定语修饰名词report。故填annual。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
25．【答案】challenges
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意：我们在比赛中面临一系列的挑战，但是最后我们赢得一等奖。challenge“名词”，可数名词，由空前的a series of，可知此处应用复数形式，故填challenges。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
26．【答案】eagerness
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我无法掩饰我的渴望，所以我问：“你现在希望我做什么？”此处名词作宾语，eagerness“渴望”，不可数名词，故填eagerness。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
27．【答案】customs
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：复活节有许多传统和习俗。最典型的食物是复活节彩蛋。兔子也是复活节的象征。此处名词作主语，custom“习俗”，可数名词，many后需接可数名词复数，故填customs。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
28．【答案】recognized
【考点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他一进房间我就认出他来了，虽然我们多年没见了。recognize“认出”，此处是谓语动词，根据came可知，应用一般过去时，故填recognized。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
29．【答案】memory
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：会议的所有细节在我的记忆中都很清晰。此处名词作宾语，memory“记忆”，不可数名词，故填memory。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
30．【答案】advanced
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，一些先进的教学设备和300本新书已经送到了那些偏远地区的学校。此处形容词作定语，修饰名词equipment，advanced意为“先进的”。故填advanced。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
31．【答案】inspiration
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：加油！让我们互相支持和鼓舞。此处应用名词作宾语，inspiration“灵感，鼓舞”，不可数名词。故填inspiration。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
32．【答案】apologized/apologised
【考点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：过了一会儿，她为自己开始时的粗鲁行为道歉。结合句意及首字母提示可知，动词apologize/apologise“道歉”在此处作谓语动词，根据behaved可知应用一般过去时，故填apologized/apologised。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
33．【答案】Despite
【考点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管下着雨，她还是匆匆出去了。结合句意及首字母提示可知，介词despite“尽管”符合题意，首字母应大写。故填Despite。
【点评】考查介词，掌握despite的应用。
34．【答案】approaching
【考点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：当汽车驶近市中心时，几幢高楼映入眼帘。approach“接近，靠近”，动词，和宾语the car之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填approaching。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
35．【答案】respect
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们老师对我们很严格，然而我们都尊敬她。respect“尊重”，不可数名词，此处作宾语，故填respect。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
36．【答案】graduated
【考点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我的哥哥已经从我们学校毕业了，不久，他将去上大学。graduate“毕业”不及物动词，根据空前的助动词has，可知应用现在完成时，graduate from固定短语，“毕业于”，故填graduated。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
37．【答案】impression
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我对这部电影的背景音乐印象不深。但是它的故事给我留下了很好的印象。此处名词作宾语，impression“印象”是可数名词，由前面的a可知此处用单数形式。故填impression。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
38．【答案】professional
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：凭借他们的专业技能，他们迅速阻止了火势的蔓延。此处形容词作定语，修饰名词skills，professional意为“职业的，专业的”。故填professional。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
39．【答案】announcement
【考点】固定短语；名词
【解析】【分析】句意：公司宣布他们决定把他们的产品推广到亚洲。make an announcement 固定短语，“发布通知，宣布”，故填announcement。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语make an announcement。
40．【答案】which
【考点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：以下是一些问题，我认为其中一些对你来说很难。 some of 1 I thought are difficult for you是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词questions，并在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及which引导的非限制性定语从句。
41．【答案】convenience
【考点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你方便时能来接我吗？空处应填名词作宾语，convenience“方便”是不可数名词，at your convenience固定短语，“在你方便的时候”，故填convenience。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语，以及固定短语at one's convenience。
42．【答案】variety
【考点】固定短语；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：随着春节的临近，我们城市正在准备各种各样的庆祝活动。a variety of，固定短语，“各种各样的”，故填variety。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语a variety of。
43．【答案】effective
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：为了避免交通堵塞，我强烈建议采取一些有效的措施。修饰名词measures，应用形容词effective，作定语。故填effective。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
44．【答案】regularly
【考点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：医生给我推荐了一些建议，告诉我应该经常锻炼和节食。空处修饰动词exercise，应用副词形式，regularly 意为“有规律地，定期地，经常”。故填regularly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰动词。
45．【答案】when
【考点】时间状语从句；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：我正在脑海里组织语言，突然旁边的女孩推了我一下。be doing sth....when...，固定短语，“过去正在做某事……突然……”，故填when。
【点评】考查连词，本题涉及when引导的时间状语从句以及固定短语be doing sth....when....。
46．【答案】was observed
【考点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：上周发现一架飞机出现在雷达屏幕上。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 last week，可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，且主语airplane和动词observe之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，故填was observed。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
【答案】47．who；48．a；49．extremely；50．to get；51．to；52．that；53．saying；54．hopeless；55．passed；56．devotion
【考点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妻在爬山时遭遇暴风雪，打电话寻求帮助，但是因为天气原因直升机到第二天才能接近他们。他们互相鼓励最终获得营救，并且彼此的感情更加深厚。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，副词，非谓语动词，介词，状语从句，形容词，时态，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
47．句意： Rachel 和她的丈夫， Jason ，曾经有经验的登山者，在瑞士度假。 were both experienced climbers 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Rachel和Jason，在从句中作主语，故填who。
48．句意：当他们在山上3000米的时候，有风暴。storm是可数名词，且在此表示泛指，故填a。
49．句意：风非常猛烈，雪深两米。设空处修饰形容词strong，修饰形容词用副词作状语。故填extremely。
50．句意： Rachel 随身带着她的手机，所以她向英国的五个朋友发了一条短信来获得帮助。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to get。
51．句意：大约四个小时后，她的一个朋友， Martha ，用短信回应了她。respond to sb.，固定短语，“回应某人”，故填to。
52．句意：但天气太糟糕了，直升机无法到达两个登山者。句意：但是天气如此糟糕以至于直升机也不能接近两个爬山者。so... that...，固定句式，“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填that。
53．句意：救援团队向 Rachel 发了一条消息，说：“对不起的 Rachel 。我们尽力了。风太强了。不得不等到早上。小心。”message与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且say表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，此处作伴随状语，故填saying。
54．句意： Rachel 感到绝望，以为他们会因为零下15 ℃ 的寒冷 而死亡。felt是系动词，用形容词作表语，根据下文“thought they were going to die as it was freezing，－15 ℃”可知，Rachel感到绝望。故填hopeless。
55．句意：第二天早上，暴风雨过去了，直升机抵达山上。此处是谓语动词，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填passed。
56．句意：事故发生后，他们以更大的奉献精神互相关心。此处作宾语，用名词，devotion是不可数名词。故填devotion。
57．【答案】Dear Mr. Jackson,
I'm really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your lecture last week. Please accept my heart-felt apology for being so rude a student.
I know any word might sound a made-up excuse. But I didn't use the mobile phone for no reason. I was trying to apply to some American universities last week and that day, I got an offer and they needed my further information immediately. Therefore, I had no other choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you discovered. I promise it will never happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. Will you be kind enough to give it back to me
I sincerely hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【考点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 给外教写一封道歉信 。写作背景： 上周在外教Mr. Jackson的口语课上使用手机被老师发现，手机被收走 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）表示歉意；2）解释上课使用手机的原因；3）提出自己的请求并适当表态。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Please accept my heart-felt apology for being so rude a student.运用了祈使句；I know any word might sound a made-up excuse. 运用了宾语从句；But I didn't use the mobile phone for no reason. I was trying to apply to some American universities last week and that day, I got an offer and they needed my further information immediately. 运用了并列句；Therefore, I had no other choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you discovered. 运用了并列句，表语从句，时间状语从句；But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. 运用了强调；I sincerely hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.运用了宾语从句。
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黑龙江省鹤岗市重点中学2021-2022学年高一下学期英语开学考试
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
Silk Road Tours
Along this over 4, 000 km road, you can experience colorful culture, precious historical relics and beautiful northern and western landscape!
Top Silk Road Attractions:
1. Terracotta Warriors□
Type: History Museums, Historic Sites
Recommended Length of Visit： 3 hours
As the eighth wonder of the ancient world, it has a history of more than 2, 200 years. Oriental mummies await you to discover their mystery.
2. Mogao Grottoes□
Type: Buddhism, Historic Sites
Recommended Length of Visit：3 hours
Considered as the eastern Louvre Museum, Mpga0 Grottoes is a glorious treasure of ancient Buddhist cave art. The history of Mogao Grottoes can be traced back to the "Five Hu—16Kingdoms" period (AD 304 — 439).
3. Big Wild Goose Pagoda□
Type: Culture & History, Buddhism
Recommended Length of Visit: 2 hours
For hundreds of years, this great pagoda has always been the symbol of Xi an. It is famous for the great traveler Xuanzang of Tang Dynasty who traveled from China to India to learn the Buddhism and got back to China with many precious Buddhist scriptures (佛经).
4. Qinghai Lake
Type: Lake
Recommended Length of Visit: 5 hours
Known as the largest inland lake, as well as the largest salt water lake in China, it is the most visited and famous attraction in Qinghai Province. Here, you not only enjoy the fantastic natural beauty, but also experience the amazing culture here.
◎Please click " "to add the attraction to your favorite list. Let us plan a private Silk Road Tour for you!
1．What do Mogao Grottoes and Big Wild Goose Pagoda have in common
A．Both contain ancient Buddhist cave art.
B．Both are related to history and Buddhism.
C．Both are known as the symbol of Xi'an.
D．Both were constructed during- the Tang Dynasty.
2．Which of the following provides tourists with breathtaking natural scenery
A．Qinghai Lake. B．Mogao Grottoes.
C．Big Wild Goose Pagoda. D．Terracotta Warriors.
3．Where is this text most likely from
A．A Newspaper. B．A guidebook. C．A magazine. D．A website.
【答案】1．B
2．A
3．D
【考点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了丝路游览的几个景点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据 2. Mogao Grottoes 部分中的“Mogao Grottoes is a glorious treasure of ancient Buddhist cave art. The history of Mogao Grottoes can be traced back to the ‘Five Hu—16Kingdoms’ period (AD 304 — 439).”莫高窟是古代佛教石窟艺术的瑰宝。 莫高窟的历史可以追溯到“五胡十六国”时期（公元304—439年）；以及 3. Big Wild Goose Pagoda 部分中的“It is famous for the great traveler Xuanzang of Tang Dynasty who traveled from China to India to learn the Buddhism and got back to China with many precious Buddhist scriptures （佛经）.”以唐代伟大的旅行家玄奘从中国到印度学习佛法，带着许多珍贵的佛经回到中国而闻名。可知Mogao Grottoes (AD 304 — 439)和Big Wild Goose Pagoda（唐朝）都有悠久的历史，并且都与佛教有关。故选B。
2．考查细节理解。根据 4. Qinghai Lake 部分中的“Here, you not only enjoy the fantastic natural beauty, but also experience the amazing culture here.”在这里，你不仅可以欣赏到奇妙的自然美景，还可以体验这里令人惊叹的文化。可知可以在青海湖欣赏到极好的自然美和文化。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。通览全文可知，本文介绍了丝路游览的几个景点，且根据最后一段“◎Please click to add the attraction to your favorite list.”请单击以将景点添加到你最喜欢的列表中。可知这是网站上的一篇文章。故选D。
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
Ten years ago I used to be very fit. I rode a bike to work and I got a lot
of exercise at weekends. I used to play tennis a lot and go for long walks. In
those days I didn't earn very much. I had a job in an office. It wasn't a very
good job but I had a lot of time to do the things I enjoyed doing.
Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but
the hours were a lot longer. I bought a car and drove to work every day. I
began to take people out to lunch. And I began to put on weight, too. I stopped
playing tennis and going for long walks at weekends because I just didn't have
any time for things like that any more.
There's a lot of stress in my job. Perhaps that is why I started drinking
more than I used to. For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky
when I got home, but then I started filling my glass to the top, and instead of
having one glass, I would have several. I started smoking a lot, too. I never
used to smoke at all.
Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn't believe it. Luckily
it wasn't very serious. The doctor advised me to stop smoking and to eat less. He
also advised me to work less and get more exercise. But I just haven't any
time! My job takes everything out of me!
Sometimes I wonder if I should get another job. Perhaps I could do
something like I used to do. But if I do that, I won't earn as much. I have a
family to support. I have to think of them, too. I just don't know what I
should do. What do you think？
4．Compared with ten years ago, what is worse for the author now？
A．His job. B．His pay.
C．His means of transport. D．His health.
5．According to the passage, when the author got the better job, which of the following is NOT true？
A．He got higher pay.
B．His working hours weren't long.
C．He found it very stressful.
D．He had little free time at weekends.
6．After the author had a heart attack, the doctor advised him___________.
A．not to work any longer B．to take a long vacation abroad
C．to stop smoking and take exercise D．not to eat out any more
7．What can we learn about the author？
A．The author is not sure what he should do now.
B．The author has taken the doctor's advice.
C．The author has got another new job.
D．The author feels much better now.
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．C
7．A
【考点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者前后不同的工作给作者的健康带来了不同的影响的情况，告诉我们要更多注意自己的健康状态，保持健康的身体。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Ten years ago I used to be very fit”.可知，10年前作者很健康；根据倒数第二段中的“Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn’t believe it. Luckily it wasn’t very serious.”可知，两个月前作者得了心脏病，一开始他简直不敢相信，幸好不是很严重。可推断，和10年相比，作者现在的健康出了很大的问题。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Then, about eight years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better, but the hours were a lot longer.”，然后，大约八年前，作者找到了一份更好的工作，工资更高了，但工作时间更长了。可知，“作者的工作时间不长”与原文不符。故选B。
6．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“The doctor advised me to stop smoking and to eat less. He also advised me to work less and get more exercise.”医生劝我戒烟少吃。 他还建议我少工作，多运动。可知，医生建议作者戒烟、少吃、少工作和多锻炼。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I have to think of them, too. I just don’t know what I should do. What do you think ”我也得想想他们。我就是不知道该怎么做。你觉得怎么样 可知，作者很迷茫，不知道该怎么办。故选A。
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
Halloween dog parades(游行), where dogs get around in fun costumes(服装),
are a fairly common scene during this time of the year. However, the largest
and most popular gathering of its kind is New York City's Tompkins Square
Halloween Dog Parade. The annual event attracts over 300 dogs and their proud
owners, who often wear matched costumes to help their four-legged friends win
the Best of Show title.
Now celebrating its 29th year, the 2019 parade took place at the East River
Park Amphitheater on Sunday, October 20. Hundreds of New Yorkers braved the
dark weather and light rain to admire the dogs acting as famous persons, fictional
books and movie characters, popular foods, and even other animals. Among the
most famous were two dogs dressed as Sesame Street's Big Bird and Oscar the
Grouch. Their owners joined in the fun by dressing up as popular muppets (木偶), Bert and Ernie.
A four-legged "Snoop Dogg" also made an appearance, complete with
a famous American singers gold chain and sunglasses. A kind-looking dog dressed
as Little Red Riding Hood showed up together with a "Big Bad Wolf".
The 2019 Best of Show title, which came with a $500 gift card, went to two
Yorkshire Terriers dressed as the leading characters from Charles Schulz's
bestselling cartoon novel Snoopy and the Red Baron. The well-designed costumes
included a doghouse and a model World War I plane, which took the owner over a
month to build.
A Jack Russell Terrier dressed as a bowl of noodles and his "chef"
owner were awarded second place, while a dog and its owners, acting as
characters from the 2019 horror movie Midsommar, placed third. Regardless of
whether or not they won, the dogs and their owners all had a great time showing
off their costumes to the cheering crowds.
8．What can be inferred from the text
A．All the dogs wear the same clothes as their proud owners.
B．No other dog parades attract more than 300 dogs except the New York Parade.
C．Few of the dog owners try to help their dogs win the Best of Show title.
D．Dogs from all over the Asia join in New York City's Dog Parade.
9．When did the New York Halloween dog parade originally begin
A．In 2000 B．In 1999. C．In 1990. D．In 2009.
10．The 2019 Best of Show title was awarded to_______.
A．Two Yorkshire Terriers. B．Oscar the Grouch.
C．A Jack Russell Terrier. D．Snoopy and the Red Baron.
11．What do the dog owners care about most in the parade
A．Winning the Best of Show title. B．Getting the $500 gift card.
C．Showing off the dogs' talents. D．Having the great fun.
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
【考点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2019年的万圣节狗狗变装游行活动。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“However, the largest and most popular gathering of its kind is New York City’s Tompkins Square Halloween Dog Parade. The annual event attracts over 300 dogs and their proud owners”不过，规模最大、最受欢迎的此类聚会是纽约市汤普金斯广场的万圣节狗狗变装游行。这项一年一度的活动吸引了300多只狗和它们自豪的主人。可知，在纽约举行的狗狗变装游行是规模最大、最受欢迎的此类聚会，吸引了300多只狗狗，可推断，除了纽约的狗狗变装游行外，其他任何一个狗狗变装游行都不会吸引超过300只狗狗。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now celebrating its 29th year, the 2019 parade took place at the East River Park Amphitheater on Sunday, October 20.”现在是在庆祝第29周年，2019年的变装游行于10月20日在东河公园圆形剧场举行。可知，2019年是庆祝29周年，所以活动是从1990年开始的。故选C。
10．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The 2019 Best of Show title, which came with a $500 gift card, went to two Yorkshire Terriers…”2019年最佳表演奖由两只约克郡犬获得，奖品是价值500美元的礼品卡……，可知，2019年的最佳表演奖颁发给了两只约克郡犬。故选A。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Regardless of whether or not they won, the dogs and their owners all had a great time showing off their costumes to the cheering crowds.”不管他们是否赢了，狗狗们和他们的主人都很开心地向欢呼的人群展示他们的服装。可知，狗狗的主人最关心的是在变装游行中玩得开心。故选D。
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读理解
The phrase "The early bird catches the worm" may be true. It
means people who wake up early get more done than people who don't. Another
saying is, "Early to bed, early to rise" makes a man healthy, wealthy,
and wise. " Scientists have found that people who go to bed before 11: 00
p. m. may do better in life than people who sleep around 2: 30 a. m.
The researchers are from Birmingham's Centre for Human Brain Health in the
UK. Their research showed that people who slept and rose early (early birds)
had an advantage over people who slept and woke up late (night owls). There
were differences in the brain function of early birds and night owls.
The scientists tested 38 people in their research. The people answered
questionnaires about their sleeping pattern and when they felt tired during the
day. They were then put into an early bird or night owl group based on their
answers.
All of the people had MRI scans on their brain and did different tests
throughout the day. The researchers said there were big differences between the
two groups. The early birds said they felt less sleepy and were able to do the
tests quicker than the night owls. The researchers said, "Night owls
during school have to get up earlier, then they go into work and they have to
get up earlier, so they're constantly having to fight against their bad life
habits."
12．Why does the author use two phrases in the first paragraph
A．To compare their differences.
B．To offer some useful language materials.
C．To persuade people to learn more phrases.
D．To prove sleeping and rising early is good.
13．Who are night owls according to the research
A．People who stay up late. B．People who sleep early.
C．People who get up on time. D．People who wake up early.
14．How does the author prove his viewpoint in the text
A．By answering questions. B．By offering an example.
C．By showing the research result. D．By performing an experiment.
15．What would be the best title for the text
A．The Harm of Going to Bed Late. B．Tests From Birmingham's Centre.
C．Two Different English Phrases. D．Early to Bed, Early to Rise.
【答案】12．D
13．A
14．C
15．D
【考点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，根据研究表明，早睡早起的人比晚睡晚起的人有优势。早起的鸟类和夜猫子的大脑功能存在差异。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Scientists have found that people who go to bed before 11: 00 p. m. may do better in life than people who sleep around 2: 30 a.m.”科学家发现，晚上11点之前上床睡觉的人可能比凌晨2:30左右睡觉的人生活得更好。可知，为了证明睡眠和早起是好的，作者在第一段中使用了两个习语。故选D。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Their research showed that people who slept and rose early (early birds) had an advantage over people who slept and woke up late(night owls).”他们的研究表明，早睡早起的人（早起的鸟儿）比晚睡晚起的人（夜猫子）有优势。可知，根据这项研究，夜猫子是指熬夜的人。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“All of the people had MRI scans on their brain and did different tests throughout the day.”所有的人都对他们的大脑进行了核磁共振扫描，并在一天中做了不同的测试；以及后文内容，可知通过展示研究结果，作者在文中证明了自己的观点。故选C。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The phrase ‘The early bird catches the worm’ may be true. It means people who wake up early get more done than people who don’t. Another saying is,‘Early to bed, early to rise’ makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise."“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”这句话可能是真的。这意味着早起的人比不早起的人做得更多。另一种说法是，“早睡早起”使人健康、富有和聪明。”结合全文大意，可知Early to Bed, Early to Rise“早睡早起”适合做文章标题，故选D。
二、（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the most well-liked foods in America is the hot dog. The selling of
hot dogs has already become a popular business. 　16． 　Almost half of all hot dogs were sold
between Memorial Day and Labor Day. On July 4th alone, Americans bought 150
million hot dog.
The sales of hot dogs have increased a lot. 　17． 　New ingredients have widened the
appeal of the hot dog to various groups. Many Americans can now choose meatless
and low-fat varieties of hot dogs. Chicken, turkey, and beef hot dogs are also
avaiable(可购得的)
for purchase.
The popularity of the hot dog is also a result of the many ways the food is
prepared in different parts of the United States. 　18． 　Hot dog lovers in Chicago often use
yellow mustard (FK), raw onions and tomato slices with their hot dogs. In the
south. however, people put coleslaw(a kind of salad )on their hot dogs. 　19． 　. People from Kansas City enjoy their
hot dogs with melted Swiss cheese.
No matter how people order, fix, or eat their hot dogs, this convenient
meal remains an important part of the American diet. 　20． 　Supermarkets, restaurants, and food
stands across the United States continue to buy a huge number of hot dogs from
suppliers so they can provide customers with one of their favorite foods: the
all-American hot dog.
A. How Americans prepare their hot dogs depends on
where they live.
B. The longest hot dog created in the world was 60
meters.
C. It is safer to heat a hot dog before you eat it.
D. Last year. Americans ate more than 20 billion hot
dogs.
E. This is, in part, due to some changes in the
product.
F. They are always in such high demand.
G. People from New York like their hot dogs with a lot
of onions.
【答案】16．D；17．E；18．A；19．G；20．F
【考点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了深受美国人喜爱的食物——热狗。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“The selling of hot dogs has already become a popular business.”热狗的销售已经成为一种受欢迎的生意。可知，空格处将进一步用具体的数字来解释热狗受欢迎的程度。D.Last year, Americans ate more than 20 billion hot dogs.“去年，美国人吃了超过200亿的热狗”符合语境。故选D。
17．根据空后“New ingredients have widened the appeal of the hot dog to various groups.”新的材料拓宽了不同人群对热狗的喜爱。可知，在热狗产品中使用了新的佐料，有了变化，吸引了更多的人。E.This is, in part, due to some changes in the product.“部分原因是由于在产品方面的一些变化”与下文话题一致。故选E。
18．根据空前“The popularity of the hot dog is also a result of the many ways the food is prepared in different parts of the United States.”热狗受欢迎的程度也是由于食物在美国不同地方制作的方法各异造成的。可知，美国不同地方制作热狗的方法不同。A.How Americans prepare their hot dogs depends on where they live.“美国人制作热狗的方法依赖于他们住的地方”符合语境。故选A。
19．根据空后“People from Kansas City enjoy their hot dogs with melted Swiss cheese.”来自堪萨斯州的人喜欢带有融化的瑞士奶酪的热狗。可知，本段列举不同地方的人喜欢不同口味的热狗。G. People from New York like their hot dogs with a lot of onions.“来自纽约的人喜欢带有许多洋葱的热狗”符合语境。故选G。
20．根据空前“No matter how people order, fix, or eat their hot dogs, this convenient meal remains an important part of the American diet.”无论人们如何订购，改进，或者吃他们的热狗，这种方便的食物一直是美国人饮食的重要部分。可知，美国人对热狗的喜爱。F. They are always in such high demand.”它们总是供不应求，其中的They指代的就是上句中的hot dogs，符合语境。故选F。
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
21．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have a close childhood friend. He spent the
last eight years attending night （1） to get his bachelor's
degree (学士学位) while also doing a full-time job. Last month, after years of
late nights and weekends of studying, he （2） graduated.
He （3） in our hometown after high
school, （4） most of his friends, myself
included, left long ago for other states for university and jobs. Over time,
work, families, and other （5） have made it difficult for
us all to be （6） in our hometown at the same
time.
I put forward a wonderful idea: plan a weekend
that we'd all be （7） to fly back to our hometown
to surprise him and celebrate his （8） . It was so much fun （9） the affair. The bait (诱饵): his mom told him that he was going to have （10） with just his grandparents
to celebrate. Little did he know that the family dinner would （11） a 20-person affair with
friends from all around the states. I got to （12） a cake so that everyone （13） could enjoy it.
When
the guest of honour arrived to "dinner with the （14） ", he was greatly surprised and told us it
made him feel special. The "white lie" dinner plan was a great （15） for me.
（1）A．club B．party C．cafe D．school
（2）A．finally B．quickly C．suddenly D．luckily
（3）A．taught B．stayed C．arrived D．married
（4）A．but B．so C．or D．for
（5）A．adventures B．requests C．experiences D．arrangements
（6）A．inside B．apart C．back D．out
（7）A．safe B．eager C．free D．anxious
（8）A．birthday B．achievement C．examination D．wisdom
（9）A．debating B．studying C．planning D．controlling
（10）A．lunch B．dinner C．time D．fun
（11）A．turn into B．give up C．relate to D．focus on
（12）A．sell B．deliver C．cut D．order
（13）A．attending B．leaving C．receiving D．tasting
（14）A．teachers B．grandparents C．classmates D．friends
（15）A．surprise B．worry C．success D．stress
【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）C；（8）B；（9）C；（10）B；（11）A；（12）D；（13）A；（14）B；（15）C
【考点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者儿时朋友在家乡花了八年时间读夜校，终于拿到了学士学位。他的大多数朋友，包括作者自己都离开家乡外出求学和工作，很少回家乡与他相聚。这次为了庆祝他通过千辛万苦获得学士学位，作者和其他朋友为他专门举办了一个惊喜毕业宴会。
（1）考查名词。句意：他上夜校八年最后获得了学士学位，与此同时他还有一份全职工作。A. club“俱乐部”；B. party“聚会”；C. café “餐馆”；D. school“学校”。根据下一句中的“graduated”可知，朋友毕业获得学士学位，这是需要通过上学获得的。attend night school固定短语，“上夜校”，合乎语境。故选D。
（2）考查副词。句意：上个月，经过多年的夜晚和周末的学习，他终于毕业了。A. finally“最后”；B. quickly“迅速地”；C. suddenly“突然地”；D. luckily“幸运地”。结合前面谈到的信息，朋友在全职工作的情况下读了八年的夜校，经历了千辛万苦，他终于毕业了。故选A。
（3）考查动词。句意：高中毕业后，他留在了我们的家乡。A. teach“教育”；B. stay“留下”；C. arrive“到达”；D. marry “结婚”。根据下文“most of his friends, myself included, left long ago for other states for university and jobs.”他的大多数朋友离开了家乡去读书和工作；及下文“fly back to our hometown to surprise him.”朋友们乘飞机回到家乡给他送去惊喜，可知，他在高中毕业后留在了家乡。故选B。
（4）考查连词。句意：但他的大多数朋友，包括我在内，早就离开家乡去其他州读书和工作。A. but“但是”；B. so“所以”；C. or“或者”；D. for“因为”。上文提到高中毕业后他留在了家乡，下文讲他的大多数朋友离开了家乡去读书和工作。因此空前后的两个句子在语意上是转折关系。故选A。
（5）考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，工作、家庭和其他安排使我们很难同时回到家乡。A. adventure“冒险”；B. request“要求”；C. experience“经历”；D. arrangement “安排”。本句讲的是作者及其他朋友为什么很难同时回到家乡，原因包括工作、家庭。此处填入“冒险、要求、经历”与work和families并列是不合适的，而other arrangements表示“除了工作、家庭之外的安排”，即包含了很多因素，合乎语境。故选D。
（6）考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，工作、家庭和其他安排使我们很难同时回到家乡。A. inside“ 在内部”；B. apart“分开”；C. back “向后”；D. out“在外面”。根据下文“fly back to our hometown”中的“back”一词可知，朋友们要乘飞机回到家乡。故选C。
（7）考查形容词。句意：我提出了一个绝妙的主意：计划选择一个周末，我们都能有空闲飞回家乡，给他一个惊喜，庆祝他的毕业成就。A. safe“安全的”；B. eager“渴望的”；C. free “空闲的，自由的”；D. anxious “焦虑的”。根据上文可知工作、家庭和其他安排让他们很少同时回到家乡，因此安排出一个周末以便大家“有空闲”都回去。故选C。
（8）考查名词。句意：我提出了一个绝妙的主意：计划选择一个周末，我们都能有空闲飞回家乡，给他一个惊喜，庆祝他的毕业成就。A. birthday“生日”；B. achievement “成就”；C. examination“考试”；D. wisdom “智慧”。朋友在全职工作的情况下读了八年的夜校终于毕业了。毕业是他经历千辛万苦取得的成就。因此朋友们包括作者本人从外地飞回家乡庆祝他的毕业。故选B。
（9）考查动词。句意：策划这件事真是太有趣了。A. debate“辩论”；B. study “学习”；C. plan “计划”；D. control“ 控制”。根据下文“The ‘white lie’ dinner plan was a great ___15___ for me.”可知，这次聚餐计划是个善意的谎言，作者及朋友们决定由他的母亲出面，告诉他是去与自己的祖父母吃饭，到时他却发现变成了有20人参加的同学聚会，他一定会很惊讶，因此这是在他不知情的情况下策划的一件事情，plan是提示词。故选C。
（10）考查名词。句意：他妈妈告诉他，他要和祖父母一起吃晚饭庆祝他的毕业。A. lunch“午餐”；B. dinner“晚餐”；C. time“时间”；D. fun “乐趣”。根据下文“When the guest of honour arrived to dinner with the ___14___”可知，妈妈告诉他回来与祖父母一起吃晚饭。故选B。
（11）考查动词短语。句意：他不知道这顿家庭晚餐会变成一场20人的聚餐，他的美国各地的朋友们也参加到这场聚会。A. turn into“变成”；B. give up“放弃”；C. relate to “与……有关”；D. focus on “关注”。朋友们回来是为庆祝他毕业的，但他并不知道。妈妈告诉他和祖父母吃饭。最后他发现这顿饭“转变”为一个有20人参加的聚会。故选A。
（12）考查动词。句意：我去订购了一个蛋糕，让所有参加的人都能享用。A. sell“卖出”；B. deliver “寄 送，交付”；C. cut“削减”；D. order “订购”。根据本句后面部分可知，为了每个人能吃到蛋糕因此作者去订购一个大蛋糕。故选D。
（13）考查动词。句意：我去订购了一个蛋糕，让所有参加 的 人都能享用。A. attend“出席，参加”；B. leave“离开”；C. receive“接收”；D. taste“ 品尝”。此处用attending作后置定语修饰everyone表示到场参加聚餐的每一个人，合乎语境。故选A。
（14）考查名词。句意：当他回来与祖父母共进晚餐时，他非常惊讶并告诉我们这让他感到很特别。A. teacher“教师”；B. grandparents“祖父母”；C. classmate“ 同学”；D. friend“朋友”。根据上文“his mom told him that he was going to have ___10___ with just his grandparents to celebrate”可知，上文谈到朋友的母亲告诉他要和祖父母一起吃晚饭。故选B。
（15）考查名词。句意：在“善意的谎言”下，这个晚餐计划对我来说是一个巨大的成功。A. surprise“惊喜”；B. worry“担心”；C. success“ 成功”；D. stress “压力”。根据上文“he was greatly surprised and told us it made him feel special”可知，朋友很感动，因此这个聚会是成功的。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读下面句子，根据汉语提示或首字母，在空白处填入单词适当形式。（每小题1分）
22．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Being liked creates 　 　(机会)for learning and for new kinds of
life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage.
【答案】opportunities
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：被人喜欢为学习和获得新的生活经验创造了机会，帮助人们获得优势。此处名词作宾语，opportunity，“机会”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式，故填opportunities。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
23．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Each country uses doors , but doors may have
different 　 　(功能)leading to cultural differences.
【答案】functions
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：每个国家都使用门，但门可能具有不同的功能，从而导致文化差异。function“功能”，可数名词，different后需接可数名词复数。故填functions。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
24．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）In its　 　(一年一度的) report, UNICEF says at least 40000 children die
every day.
【答案】annual
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：联合国儿童基金会在其年度报告中称，每天至少有4万名儿童死亡。annual“一年一度的”，形容词，此处作定语修饰名词report。故填annual。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
25．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）We faced a series of　 　(挑战) during the competition, but finally we won the first prize.
【答案】challenges
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意：我们在比赛中面临一系列的挑战，但是最后我们赢得一等奖。challenge“名词”，可数名词，由空前的a series of，可知此处应用复数形式，故填challenges。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
26．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I wasn't able to hide my　 　(渴望) so I asked, "What do you wish me to do now "
【答案】eagerness
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我无法掩饰我的渴望，所以我问：“你现在希望我做什么？”此处名词作宾语，eagerness“渴望”，不可数名词，故填eagerness。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
27．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）There are many Easter traditions and　 　(风俗). The most typical food is Easter eggs. The rabbit is also a symbol of Easter.
【答案】customs
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：复活节有许多传统和习俗。最典型的食物是复活节彩蛋。兔子也是复活节的象征。此处名词作主语，custom“习俗”，可数名词，many后需接可数名词复数，故填customs。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
28．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I　 　(认出) him as soon as he came into the room although we hadn't met for years.
【答案】recognized
【考点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他一进房间我就认出他来了，虽然我们多年没见了。recognize“认出”，此处是谓语动词，根据came可知，应用一般过去时，故填recognized。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
29．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）All the details of the meeting are fresh in my　 　(记忆).
【答案】memory
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：会议的所有细节在我的记忆中都很清晰。此处名词作宾语，memory“记忆”，不可数名词，故填memory。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
30．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）So far, some　 　 (advance) teaching equipment, together with three hundred new books has been sent to those schools in the faraway area.
【答案】advanced
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：到目前为止，一些先进的教学设备和300本新书已经送到了那些偏远地区的学校。此处形容词作定语，修饰名词equipment，advanced意为“先进的”。故填advanced。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
31．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Come on! Let's give support and 　 　 (inspire) to each other.
【答案】inspiration
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：加油！让我们互相支持和鼓舞。此处应用名词作宾语，inspiration“灵感，鼓舞”，不可数名词。故填inspiration。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
32．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）After a while, she a　 　 for the rude way she behaved at the beginning.
【答案】apologized/apologised
【考点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：过了一会儿，她为自己开始时的粗鲁行为道歉。结合句意及首字母提示可知，动词apologize/apologise“道歉”在此处作谓语动词，根据behaved可知应用一般过去时，故填apologized/apologised。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
33．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）D　 　 the fact that it was raining, she still went out hurriedly.
【答案】Despite
【考点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管下着雨，她还是匆匆出去了。结合句意及首字母提示可知，介词despite“尽管”符合题意，首字母应大写。故填Despite。
【点评】考查介词，掌握despite的应用。
34．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）With the car a　 　 the town center, several tall buildings came into view.
【答案】approaching
【考点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：当汽车驶近市中心时，几幢高楼映入眼帘。approach“接近，靠近”，动词，和宾语the car之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填approaching。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作宾补。
35．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Our teacher is very strict with us, yet we all show our r　 　 for her.
【答案】respect
【考点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们老师对我们很严格，然而我们都尊敬她。respect“尊重”，不可数名词，此处作宾语，故填respect。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
36．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）My brother has g　 　 from our school and soon he will go to college.
【答案】graduated
【考点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我的哥哥已经从我们学校毕业了，不久，他将去上大学。graduate“毕业”不及物动词，根据空前的助动词has，可知应用现在完成时，graduate from固定短语，“毕业于”，故填graduated。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
五、阅读下面句子，根据句意，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每小题1分）
37．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I'm not impressed with the film's background music. But its story left a good　 　 on me. (impress)
【答案】impression
【考点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我对这部电影的背景音乐印象不深。但是它的故事给我留下了很好的印象。此处名词作宾语，impression“印象”是可数名词，由前面的a可知此处用单数形式。故填impression。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
38．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Depending on their　 　 (profession) skills, they quickly prevented the fire from spreading.
【答案】professional
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：凭借他们的专业技能，他们迅速阻止了火势的蔓延。此处形容词作定语，修饰名词skills，professional意为“职业的，专业的”。故填professional。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
39．The company made an 　 　 (announce) that they decided to introduce
their products to Asia.
【答案】announcement
【考点】固定短语；名词
【解析】【分析】句意：公司宣布他们决定把他们的产品推广到亚洲。make an announcement 固定短语，“发布通知，宣布”，故填announcement。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语make an announcement。
40．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Here are the questions, some of　 　 I thought are difficult for you.
【答案】which
【考点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：以下是一些问题，我认为其中一些对你来说很难。 some of 1 I thought are difficult for you是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词questions，并在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及which引导的非限制性定语从句。
41．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）Would you pick me up at your　 　 (convenient)
【答案】convenience
【考点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你方便时能来接我吗？空处应填名词作宾语，convenience“方便”是不可数名词，at your convenience固定短语，“在你方便的时候”，故填convenience。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语，以及固定短语at one's convenience。
42．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）With the Spring Festival drawing near, our city is preparing a 　 　 (various) of celebrations.
【答案】variety
【考点】固定短语；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：随着春节的临近，我们城市正在准备各种各样的庆祝活动。a variety of，固定短语，“各种各样的”，故填variety。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语a variety of。
43．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）In order to avoid traffic jams, I strongly suggest some　 　 (effect) measures be taken.
【答案】effective
【考点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：为了避免交通堵塞，我强烈建议采取一些有效的措施。修饰名词measures，应用形容词effective，作定语。故填effective。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
44．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）The doctor recommended me some tips that I should exercise　 　 (regular) and go on a diet.
【答案】regularly
【考点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：医生给我推荐了一些建议，告诉我应该经常锻炼和节食。空处修饰动词exercise，应用副词形式，regularly 意为“有规律地，定期地，经常”。故填regularly。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰动词。
45．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）I was organizing my words in my head　 　 the girl next to me gave me a nudge.
【答案】when
【考点】时间状语从句；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：我正在脑海里组织语言，突然旁边的女孩推了我一下。be doing sth....when...，固定短语，“过去正在做某事……突然……”，故填when。
【点评】考查连词，本题涉及when引导的时间状语从句以及固定短语be doing sth....when....。
46．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）An airplane　 　 (observe) to appear on the screen of radar last week.
【答案】was observed
【考点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：上周发现一架飞机出现在雷达屏幕上。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 last week，可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，且主语airplane和动词observe之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，故填was observed。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rachel and her husband, Jason, 　47． 　were
both experienced climbers, were on a climbing holiday in Switzerland. When they
were 3, 000 metres up in the mountains, there was　48． 　storm. The wind was　49． 　(extreme) strong and the snow was two
metres deep. They couldn't move. Rachel had her mobile phone with her, so she
sent a text message to five friends in the UK　50． 　(get) their help.
About four hours later, one of her friends, Martha, responded　51． 　her with a text message. Martha said she
had phoned the police in Switzerland and that they had got in touch with the
mountain rescue team.
But the weather was so bad　52． 　the
helicopter (直升飞机)
couldn't get to the two climbers. The rescue team sent a message to Rachel, 　53． 　(say)："So
sorry Rachel. We tried. Wind is too strong. Have to wait till morning. Take
care. Be strong. "Rachel felt　54． 　(hope) and thought they were going to
die as it was freezing, -15℃. However, Jason encouraged
her, telling her not to give up.
Next morning the storm　55． 　(pass) and the helicopter arrived to take
them off the mountain. After the accident, they cared for each other with
greater　56． 　(devote).
【答案】47．who；48．a；49．extremely；50．to get；51．to；52．that；53．saying；54．hopeless；55．passed；56．devotion
【考点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妻在爬山时遭遇暴风雪，打电话寻求帮助，但是因为天气原因直升机到第二天才能接近他们。他们互相鼓励最终获得营救，并且彼此的感情更加深厚。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，副词，非谓语动词，介词，状语从句，形容词，时态，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
47．句意： Rachel 和她的丈夫， Jason ，曾经有经验的登山者，在瑞士度假。 were both experienced climbers 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Rachel和Jason，在从句中作主语，故填who。
48．句意：当他们在山上3000米的时候，有风暴。storm是可数名词，且在此表示泛指，故填a。
49．句意：风非常猛烈，雪深两米。设空处修饰形容词strong，修饰形容词用副词作状语。故填extremely。
50．句意： Rachel 随身带着她的手机，所以她向英国的五个朋友发了一条短信来获得帮助。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to get。
51．句意：大约四个小时后，她的一个朋友， Martha ，用短信回应了她。respond to sb.，固定短语，“回应某人”，故填to。
52．句意：但天气太糟糕了，直升机无法到达两个登山者。句意：但是天气如此糟糕以至于直升机也不能接近两个爬山者。so... that...，固定句式，“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填that。
53．句意：救援团队向 Rachel 发了一条消息，说：“对不起的 Rachel 。我们尽力了。风太强了。不得不等到早上。小心。”message与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且say表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，此处作伴随状语，故填saying。
54．句意： Rachel 感到绝望，以为他们会因为零下15 ℃ 的寒冷 而死亡。felt是系动词，用形容词作表语，根据下文“thought they were going to die as it was freezing，－15 ℃”可知，Rachel感到绝望。故填hopeless。
55．句意：第二天早上，暴风雨过去了，直升机抵达山上。此处是谓语动词，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填passed。
56．句意：事故发生后，他们以更大的奉献精神互相关心。此处作宾语，用名词，devotion是不可数名词。故填devotion。
七、写作(满分15分)
57．（2022高一下·鹤岗开学考）假如你是李华，上周在外教Mr.
Jackson的口语课上使用手机被老师发现，手机被收走。请给外教写一封道歉信，
内容应包括以下要点：
1）表示歉意；
2）解释上课使用手机的原因；
3）提出自己的请求并适当表态。
注意：
1）可适当添加细节使文章连贯；
2）字数80左右；
Dear Mr. Jackson,
……
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Jackson,
I'm really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your lecture last week. Please accept my heart-felt apology for being so rude a student.
I know any word might sound a made-up excuse. But I didn't use the mobile phone for no reason. I was trying to apply to some American universities last week and that day, I got an offer and they needed my further information immediately. Therefore, I had no other choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you discovered. I promise it will never happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. Will you be kind enough to give it back to me
I sincerely hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【考点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 给外教写一封道歉信 。写作背景： 上周在外教Mr. Jackson的口语课上使用手机被老师发现，手机被收走 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）表示歉意；2）解释上课使用手机的原因；3）提出自己的请求并适当表态。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Please accept my heart-felt apology for being so rude a student.运用了祈使句；I know any word might sound a made-up excuse. 运用了宾语从句；But I didn't use the mobile phone for no reason. I was trying to apply to some American universities last week and that day, I got an offer and they needed my further information immediately. 运用了并列句；Therefore, I had no other choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you discovered. 运用了并列句，表语从句，时间状语从句；But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. 运用了强调；I sincerely hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.运用了宾语从句。
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