2022届高考英语二轮复习：独立主格结构课件-（24张）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：独立主格结构课件-（24张） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 275.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-19 10:33:51 | ||
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(共24张PPT)
英语高考必考语法
独立主格结构
The Nominative Absolute Construction
“独立主格结构”又叫 “独立结构”,
是指带有自己主语的非谓语动词短语以及带有自己主语的形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。with/without +宾语+宾语补足
语结构也是一种特殊的独立结构。由于在语法上有自己的主语, 结构上与句子
不发生关系, 因此叫做 “独立主格结构”。
“独立主格结构”并非真正独立, 它与
句子有紧密联系, 共同表达一个完整的
意思。独立主格结构在句中起状语的作用, 表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的、
方式、结果以及状态等, 可放于句首、
句末, 放在句首时, 常常用逗号与句子
隔开。
独立主格结构的具体形式有:
①名词/人称代词主格 + doing/done/
having (been)done/
to不定式/形容词/
副词/名词/介词短语
②with/without + 宾语 + doing/done/
being done/to do/to be done/
形容词/副词/介词短语
非谓语动词(现在分词、过去分词、不
定式)作状语时, 其逻辑主语与句子主语是一
致的, 即句子主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主
语。如果不一致, 作某些状语的非谓语动词
前就需要另外加上主语, 即用第①种独立主
格结构 。
注意：
名词(逻辑主语) + being + 名词/
形容词/副词结构的being可以省去,
being前是代词或者there时, being
不能省去。
1)Nobody knowing where she was, we had to go back home. (原因)
2)The woman staring at him, he didn’t
know what to say. (时间)
3)Weather permitting, they will go
sailing tomorrow. (条件)
4)Kate looked at her sick father, tears
pouring down her face. (伴随)
5)Slowly she opened the parcel, her
hands slightly trembling.
(伴随)
6)There are various kinds of metals,
each having its own properties.
(补充说明)
7)They being our good friends, we should try our best to help them.
(原因)
8)The mayor (being) unable to come,
we had better put off the meeting till next Thursday. (原因)
9)It being Sunday/a holiday, all the
parks are full of people. (原因)
10)There being no bus, we had to go to
the village on foot. (原因)
11)So many important leaders (being) absent, the strike had to be called off. (原因)
12)The floor (being) wet, you will have to stay outside for a while.
(原因)
13)The sports meeting (being) over, we all left the stadium.
(时间)
14)There having been no rain for seven
months, the crops in the fields died. (原因)
15)His homework (having been) done, Jack went to bed. (时间/原因)
16)The work well finished, the workers were given a prize. (原因)
17)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons finished for the day. (补充说明)
18)All flights (having been) cancelled,
we decided to take a train to Paris．
(原因)
19)The cowboy was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.
(伴随)
20)This road being repaired, you will
have to take the expressway. (原因)
21)Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work not being finished, we didn’t accept the offer. (原因)
22)We have divided the work, John to sweep the floor and I to clean the desks. (补充说明。不定式表将来)
23)Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the concert till
next Wednesday. (条件。表将来)
24)An important lecture to be given tomorrow, Professor Smith will have to stay up far into the night.
(原因。表将来)
25)A passenger plane crashed in
Guangxi, nobody alive.
(补充说明)
26)No films on this evening, you will
have to watch TV at home.
(原因)
27)Around six hundred people died in
the war, some of them children
and women. (补充说明)
28)With a lot of construction work to complete, the workers are having
a hard time. (原因。不定式表将来)
【workers 是完成工作的人, 所以用不定式的主动形式】
29)With a lot of construction work to be completed, the president is very worried. (原因。不定式表将来)
【president 不是完成工作的人, 所以用不定式的被动形式】
30)With all the construction work completed, the president jumped with joy. (原因)
31)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
(时间)
32)With the boy leading the way, we found he factory easily yesterday.
(原因)
33)With the boy to lead the way, we will find the factory easily tomorrow.
(原因。不定式表将来)
34)Charles was alone at home,with no one looking after him. (伴随)
35)The old couple often take a walk
after supper in the park with their pet dog following them. (伴随)
36)All the afternoon the author worked with the door locked. (伴随)
37)The murderer was brought in, with
his hands tied behind his back.
(方式)
38)She stood at the back of the theater
with her eyes fixed on the speaker’s face. (伴随)
39)It was a pity that the great general
died with his works unfinished.
(伴随)
40)I sleep well with the window open.
(伴随)
41)Little Tom stood before his teacher with his head down. (伴随)
42)The drunken man is lying on the sofa,
with all his clothes on.
(伴随)
43)Last night a thief slid into the ward
without anyone noticing him.
(补充说明)
44)Without anything left in the kitchen, he had to go out to get something to eat. (原因)
45)A robber broke into the restaurant,
with a knife in his hand. (伴随)
= A robber broke into the restaurant,
knife in hand.
Thanks for your watching !
英语高考必考语法
独立主格结构
The Nominative Absolute Construction
“独立主格结构”又叫 “独立结构”,
是指带有自己主语的非谓语动词短语以及带有自己主语的形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。with/without +宾语+宾语补足
语结构也是一种特殊的独立结构。由于在语法上有自己的主语, 结构上与句子
不发生关系, 因此叫做 “独立主格结构”。
“独立主格结构”并非真正独立, 它与
句子有紧密联系, 共同表达一个完整的
意思。独立主格结构在句中起状语的作用, 表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的、
方式、结果以及状态等, 可放于句首、
句末, 放在句首时, 常常用逗号与句子
隔开。
独立主格结构的具体形式有:
①名词/人称代词主格 + doing/done/
having (been)done/
to不定式/形容词/
副词/名词/介词短语
②with/without + 宾语 + doing/done/
being done/to do/to be done/
形容词/副词/介词短语
非谓语动词(现在分词、过去分词、不
定式)作状语时, 其逻辑主语与句子主语是一
致的, 即句子主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主
语。如果不一致, 作某些状语的非谓语动词
前就需要另外加上主语, 即用第①种独立主
格结构 。
注意：
名词(逻辑主语) + being + 名词/
形容词/副词结构的being可以省去,
being前是代词或者there时, being
不能省去。
1)Nobody knowing where she was, we had to go back home. (原因)
2)The woman staring at him, he didn’t
know what to say. (时间)
3)Weather permitting, they will go
sailing tomorrow. (条件)
4)Kate looked at her sick father, tears
pouring down her face. (伴随)
5)Slowly she opened the parcel, her
hands slightly trembling.
(伴随)
6)There are various kinds of metals,
each having its own properties.
(补充说明)
7)They being our good friends, we should try our best to help them.
(原因)
8)The mayor (being) unable to come,
we had better put off the meeting till next Thursday. (原因)
9)It being Sunday/a holiday, all the
parks are full of people. (原因)
10)There being no bus, we had to go to
the village on foot. (原因)
11)So many important leaders (being) absent, the strike had to be called off. (原因)
12)The floor (being) wet, you will have to stay outside for a while.
(原因)
13)The sports meeting (being) over, we all left the stadium.
(时间)
14)There having been no rain for seven
months, the crops in the fields died. (原因)
15)His homework (having been) done, Jack went to bed. (时间/原因)
16)The work well finished, the workers were given a prize. (原因)
17)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons finished for the day. (补充说明)
18)All flights (having been) cancelled,
we decided to take a train to Paris．
(原因)
19)The cowboy was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.
(伴随)
20)This road being repaired, you will
have to take the expressway. (原因)
21)Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work not being finished, we didn’t accept the offer. (原因)
22)We have divided the work, John to sweep the floor and I to clean the desks. (补充说明。不定式表将来)
23)Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the concert till
next Wednesday. (条件。表将来)
24)An important lecture to be given tomorrow, Professor Smith will have to stay up far into the night.
(原因。表将来)
25)A passenger plane crashed in
Guangxi, nobody alive.
(补充说明)
26)No films on this evening, you will
have to watch TV at home.
(原因)
27)Around six hundred people died in
the war, some of them children
and women. (补充说明)
28)With a lot of construction work to complete, the workers are having
a hard time. (原因。不定式表将来)
【workers 是完成工作的人, 所以用不定式的主动形式】
29)With a lot of construction work to be completed, the president is very worried. (原因。不定式表将来)
【president 不是完成工作的人, 所以用不定式的被动形式】
30)With all the construction work completed, the president jumped with joy. (原因)
31)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
(时间)
32)With the boy leading the way, we found he factory easily yesterday.
(原因)
33)With the boy to lead the way, we will find the factory easily tomorrow.
(原因。不定式表将来)
34)Charles was alone at home,with no one looking after him. (伴随)
35)The old couple often take a walk
after supper in the park with their pet dog following them. (伴随)
36)All the afternoon the author worked with the door locked. (伴随)
37)The murderer was brought in, with
his hands tied behind his back.
(方式)
38)She stood at the back of the theater
with her eyes fixed on the speaker’s face. (伴随)
39)It was a pity that the great general
died with his works unfinished.
(伴随)
40)I sleep well with the window open.
(伴随)
41)Little Tom stood before his teacher with his head down. (伴随)
42)The drunken man is lying on the sofa,
with all his clothes on.
(伴随)
43)Last night a thief slid into the ward
without anyone noticing him.
(补充说明)
44)Without anything left in the kitchen, he had to go out to get something to eat. (原因)
45)A robber broke into the restaurant,
with a knife in his hand. (伴随)
= A robber broke into the restaurant,
knife in hand.
Thanks for your watching !