人教版（2019） 选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Words and expressions课件（69张）

(共69张PPT)
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
逆境与勇气
Warriors are on the thorny path.
勇士是在充满荆棘的道路上前行的。
The usage of the key words.
words & expressions
①They showed strong perseverance in the face of difficulty.
② All happiness are from the extraordinary struggle and perseverance!
③She persevered with her violin lessons.
Observe the sentences
on the left.
Great works are
performed not by
strength, but
perseverance.
① n.毅力
② v.坚持
persevere in (doing) sth. 坚持；孜孜以求persevere with/in sth. 对......坚持不懈
翻译句子
虽然条件艰苦，但他仍然坚持学习。
in adversity 在困境/逆境中
in a dilemma 处于窘境/困境中
in trouble 在麻烦中
in need 在危难/贫困中
in difficulty/difficulties 在困难中
1. adversity
(pl. adversities)
n. 困境；逆境
wages of 200 a week 一星期200英镑的工资
offer/pay/raise a wage 提供/支付/上调工资
wage sth. (against/on sb./sth.) 开始/发动/进行/继续(战争/战斗等)
2. wage (pl. wages)
n. 工资
v. 开展，发动（运动或战争）
wage n. 工资 (小时/天/周工资)
salary n. (月)工资; 薪水 (也可用来表示年薪)
pay n. 工资; 薪水
get a rise/raise: 涨工资
①The medicine tastes rather bitter.
② It's been bitterly cold here in Moscow.
③ The bitter quarrels have finally ended their relationship.
④She is very bitter about losing her job.
3.bitter
① 味苦的
② 严寒的
③ 激烈而不愉快的
④ 愤恨的
bitterly adv. 痛苦地;
愤恨地;极其
bitterness n.苦味; 痛苦; 悲痛; 酷烈
单句语法填空
I'm still ____________ the whole affair.
He ________(bitter) regretted his rudeness.
bitter about　
bitterly　
Observe the sentences
on the left.
plan/lead/go on an expedition to ... 计划/带队/去...探险
a shopping expedition 外出购物
4. expedition
n. 探险；远征；探险队 (pl. expeditions)
endure hardship 吃苦
beyond endurance 忍无可忍
5. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力
endure v. 忍受; 持续
be full of energy/vigour 精力充沛
vigorous [ v ɡ r s] adj. 精力充沛的;充满活力的;朝气蓬勃的
vigorously/energetically adv. 精力充沛地;活泼地
6. vigour /vigor/
n. 精力；力量；活力
energy n. 精力; 力量; 活力; 能源
energetic adj. 精力旺盛/充沛的
7.turn down
1.We have turned down four applicants already.
2.Can you turn the TV down I'm trying to work.
However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.(P38)
拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);
调低,关小
turn on/off 打开/关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn to 求助于; 致力于;翻到;转向(to是介词)
turn into 变成
turn in 上交(物品)
turn up 调大，开大(音量等);突然露面
turn out that... 结果是……
turn over 翻转;仔细考虑;移交;转让
Observe the sentences
on the left.
reject/refuse
[单句语法填空]
1. If you turn _____ Page 40, you will find it.
2. While in trouble, you can turn ___ her for help.
3. He didn’t turn ___ at the meeting until half past ten.
4. Your father is working, so please turn ______ the TV a little.
5. Now you must turn ____ your radio and go to bed at once.
off
to
to
up
down
qualify
vt. 使具有资格；证明…合格
vi. 取得资格；有资格
qualification
n. 资格；资历；学历
1.She hasn't graduated from college, so she is not qualified for a surgeon.
2.They qualified for the World Cup.
3.A victory in this game will earn them qualification for the World Cup.
be qualified for sth. 具有做某事的资格，知识或技能
be/feel qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事
qualify for sth. 有权；使用权(做某事)
qualify sb. for sth/to do sth. 使某人具备做某事的资格
have the qualifications for 有资格做某事
satisfy→satisfied
→satisfaction
Observe the sentences
on the left.
8. qualified adj. 符合资格;
具备······的知识（或技能、学历等）
完成句子
(1)In this job, experience counts for more than paper ____________ (qualify) .
(2)We think this young man is not _________(qualify) to do this job.
(3)This training course will _______(qualified) you for a better job.
(4) The test will qualify you (drive) the new car.
通过这项考试你就有资格驾驶这辆新车了。
qualifications　
qualified　
qualify　
to drive
9. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的
(1)be enthusiastic about… 对……热情/感兴趣
(2)enthusiasm n. [U]热情;热爱的事物
with enthusiasm 热情地
(3)enthusiast n. 热心者
(4)enthusiastically adv. 热心地；狂热地
单句语法填空
(1)He’s always been very enthusiastic ______ sports.
(2)Today, I am just as ___________ (enthusiasm) about my job as the day I first started.
(3)Every day, she works ______________ (enthusiastic).
about
enthusiastic　
enthusiastically
aboard the plane/ship/bus/train 在飞机/船/公共汽车/火车上
go/get aboard the plane/ship/bus/train 登机/上船/公共汽车/火车
All aboard! 请大家上车/上船/上火车！
get into/out of a car(train/ship) 上/下小车(火车/船)
get on/off a bus (plane/ship/train) 上/下公车(飞机/船/火车)
10. aboard adv. & prep.
上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
board n. 板子; 地板; 董事会 v.
abroad adv. 到国外; 去国外; 在国外
kitchen cupboards 厨柜
built-in cupboards 壁橱
11. cupboard
(pl. cupboards)
n. 橱柜; 壁橱;衣柜
12.assign
He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day. (Page 38)
※assignment n.分配的工作、任务
※assign sth. to sb. / assign sb. sth.
把……分配给……
※assign sb. (to sth. /as sth. ) 指定; 指派
※assign sb. to do sth. 派某人做某事
(1)The teacher assigned a different task ___ each of the children.
(2)You need to complete three ___________ (assign) each week.
to
assignments
vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)，布置
【即学活用】语法填空
(1)The task ________ (assign), dangerous or otherwise, must be finished as scheduled.
(2)The reporter was assigned ________(cover) the news.
(3) He has just come off a difficult ____________(assign).
(4)The teacher has _______ (assign) each of us a holiday task since two days ago.
assigned
to cover
assignment
assigned
come off 举行，成功，表现，脱离
stewardess n.(轮船/飞机/火车上的)女乘务员; 女服务员
servant n. 仆人; 佣人; 公务员; 雇员
passenger n. 乘客; 旅客
13. steward
n. (轮船/飞机/火车上的)男乘务员; 男服务员
(pl. stewards)
(pl. stewardesses)
14.envy
How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
(Page 38)
完成句子
1.他们羡慕我上一次抓住了那次机会。
They ______ ____ _______ ____ ________ last time.
2.我想他并不妒忌你的成功。
I don’t think he ___ _________ _____ your success.
envied
me
seizing
the
opportunity
is envious of
get crushed 被压碎
be crushed to death in the accident 在事故中压死
a big crush in the theatre bar 剧院酒吧里拥挤不堪的人群
15. crush
vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎
n. 拥挤的人群
crash v./n. 坠毁; 猛撞; 碰撞; 撞击
crowd n. 人群; 群众; 观众
v. 拥挤; 挤满; 塞满
16. sink (sank/sunk -- sunk)
vi. 沉没;下沉; 下降
vt. 使下沉; 使沉没
n. 水槽，水池
be sunk in sth. 陷入不快（或沉思）中
sink to the bottom of the sea 沉入海底
17.abandon
①The match was abandoned because of bad weather.
②The search for the missing sailors was abandoned after two days.
③The child was abandoned by his parents. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street depressedly.
① 取消
② 终止；放弃
③抛弃
abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；被遗弃的
※abandon oneself to sth/doing sth
纵情/沉溺于(做)某事
※abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
※with abandon 放纵地；放任地
※be abandoned to (doing) 沉湎于……
(1)Those who abandon (they) to despair can’t succeed.
那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。
(2)By no means shall we abandon (search) for the missing people.
我们绝不会放弃寻找失踪者。
(3)The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms abandon.
那些女孩子跳上跳下，尽情地挥舞着手臂。
(4)He is abandoned to (read) all kinds of books in his spare time.
闲暇之余，他沉湎于阅读各种书籍。
themselves
searching
with
reading
despair n. 绝望；令人绝望的人或事
v. 绝望，丧失信心
18. stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具 (pl. stoves)
a gas/wood-burning stove 烧煤气 / 木柴的火炉
cook v. 煮; 烹饪; 烹调 n. 厨师; 炊事员
cooker n. 炊具; 厨具
19. blanket n. 毯子 (pl. blankets)
v. 覆盖，笼罩
adj.全面的，无一例外的;通用的
a blanket of fog/snow/cloud
厚厚的一层雾 / 雪 / 云
carpet [ kɑ p t]: n. 地毯
20. belongings n.[pl.] 财产; 动产; 所有物
belonging n. 归属
belong vi.属于; 该在; 处在; 适应
belong to 属于……；是……的成员
注意：belong to不用于进行时和被动语态。
(1)Look after your personal belongings while waiting for the bus.
等车时照看好你的个人财物。
(2)When he joined the club，he felt a sense of (belong).
(3)Some of the stamps belong me, while the rest are his and hers.
(4)As is known to us，China is a country _________ (belong) to the Third World.
belonging
to
belonging
21. banjo n. 班卓琴(乐器) (pl. banjos)
a banjo lover 乡村歌曲爱好者
play the banjo 弹班卓琴
miserably adv. 痛苦地; 令人难受地; 悲惨地
a miserable weekend 一个惨兮兮的周末
a miserably cold day 令人难受的寒冷天气
22. miserable
adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的
23. voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行 (pl. voyages)
a voyage in space 航天
go on a voyage around the world 做一次环游世界的旅行
trip: n. 旅行 (常指短途旅行)journey: n. 旅行; 旅程 (主要指时间较长、距离较远的陆上/水上/空中的旅行)tour: n. 旅游; 观光 (距离可长可短)travel: n. 旅行 (泛指旅行的行为)
24. navy n. 海军；海军部队
(pl. navies)
join the navy 参加海军
join the army 参加陆军
join the air force 参加空军
25. decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的
a decent meal/job/place to live 相当不错的饭菜 / 工作 / 住所
decently adv. 合适地; 体面地; 像样地; 有礼貌地
decency n. 正派; 正直; 体面; 社会上高尚文雅行为的标准
26. cosy/cozy adj. 温馨的；舒适的
(比较级: cosier 最高级: cosiest)
cosily/cozily adv. 舒适地; 惬意地
cosiness/ coziness n. 舒适，安逸
27. selfish adj. 自私的
selfishly adv.自私地;任性地
selfless adj. 无私的
selflessly adv. 无私地
It be selfish/selfless of sb to do... 某人做什么是自私的/无私的
28. good/bad-tempered
adj. 脾气好的/坏的
get very bad-tempered 爱发脾气
29. genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
(指物品是真的而非假冒或人造的时, 常可与 real 换用)
genuineness n.真实，真正；真诚，真挚
a very genuine person 非常诚实可信的人
genuinely adv.真地; 真正地; 真诚地; 诚实地
fake: 假的(指伪造的、冒充的)
32. resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)
n. 决心；坚定的信念
resolve to do...: 决定/决心做什么
resolve on sth/on doing sth/that... 决定/决心......
resolve an issue/a conflict/a crisis 解决问题/冲突/危机
strengthen one's resolve to do sth坚定某人做...的决心
resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定
pass/adopt/carry a resolution 通过一项决议
make a resolution to do sth 决心/决定做......
34. crew n. (轮船/飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；
专业团队；一群人
staff n.全体职工/雇员
majority n. 大多数
minority n. 少数
(作主语谓语可用单 也可用复)
35. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的
cruelly adv. 残酷地; 残暴地; <口>极度地; 非常
cruelty n. 残酷，虐待; 不公
be cruel to sb/sth 对…残酷/冷酷
be rude to sb/sth 对…无礼/粗鲁
be mean to sb/sth 对...刻薄
be friendly to sb/sth 对…友好
be nice/good/kind to sb/sth 对...好
be thankful/grateful to... 对...感谢/感激
thoroughly adv.非常; 极其; 彻底; 完全
thoroughness n. 完全，十分
thorough understanding 透彻的了解
thorough cleaning 彻底的打扫
thorough description 详尽的描写
After the thorough cleaning, all the rubbish in the room was gone.
经过彻底的打扫, 房间里所有的垃圾都不见了。
36. thorough adj.深人的;彻底的;细致的;考虑周到的
37. furniture 家具
a piece of furniture 一件家具
If you need a piece of furniture or electronic item, like a flat screen TV, this would not be the time to buy it.
如果你想买家具或电子产品，比如说平板电视，这并不是购买的好时机。
38. unfortunately adv.不幸地
(1) fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的(＝lucky)
be fortunate to do sth. 幸运做某事
(2) fortune n. 财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气
seek one's fortune 找出路；碰运气
make a fortune 发财
try one's fortune 碰运气
(1)While staying with me, he talked of the ____________ (fortunate) accident.
(2)It is (fortune) for him to get such a valuable chance.
(3)The young man decided to in that city, but failed.
unfortunate
fortunate
make a fortune
39. bark vi.& n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声
a bark of laughter 一声大笑
bark at sb/sth 对...汪汪叫
bark out sth 厉声发令/厉声质问
bark out an order 厉声宣布命令
40. rugby n. 橄榄球运动
play rugby 打橄榄球
42. bat n. 球拍；蝙蝠
vi.& vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打
batted --batted -- batting
a table tennis bat 乒乓球拍
go to bat for sb 帮助（或支持）某人
43. damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的
v. 弄湿; 削弱; 抑制
n. 湿气; 潮湿 (dampness)
damply adv. 潮湿地，衰减地;
damp a towel 弄湿毛巾
tissue: 纸巾；组织
44. recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏
entertainment n.
amusement n.
the need to improve facilities for leisure and recreation
改进消遣娱乐设施之必要
recreate v. 重现; 重建; 再创造; 娱乐；消遣
recreate family life 重建家庭生活
leisure n. 闲暇，休闲活动
adj. 空闲的，业余的
under sb’s guidance 在某人的指导下
without the guidance of sb. 没有某人的指导
provide guidance 提供指导
personal guidance 亲自指导
Under the guidance of the advisor, Susan has grasped some basic knowledge about finance.
在导师的指导下，苏珊掌握了一些关于金融的基本知识。
guide v.指导，影响(某人的行为);指引
n.指南,手册
45. guidance n.指导;引导;(火箭等的)导航
46. nephew n. 侄子；外甥 (pl. nephews)
niece [ni s] n. 侄女
cousin n.堂兄/弟/姐/妹; 表兄/弟/姐/妹
47. advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 /U/
a career in advertising 广告职业
launch an advertising campaign 发起广告活动
advertisement/advertizement/ad. n. 广告; 宣传; 榜样
put/place an advertisement 打广告
48. advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告
to advertise a product/a business/your services
做广告宣传产品 / 企业 / 你的服务项目
advertise for sb/sth(在报纸/公告牌/互联网等）公布/征聘...
We are currently advertising for a new sales manager.
目前我们公开征聘一位新的销售经理。
advertiser n. 登广告的人
49. corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的
corporate identity /image 公司形象
corporate bond 公司债，公司债券;
corporation [ k p re n] n. 大公司; 法人; 市政委员会
identify: 认出，识别；查明，确认；认同，理解
水面“粗糙的”
气流“粗糙的”
“粗糙的”思考即不确切
“粗糙的”感受即不舒服
“粗糙的”环境即不安全
道路“粗糙的”
50.高频词：rough 语义网络图
粗糙的
rough
（基本义）
（表面）粗糙的；（道路）崎岖的
（天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的
风浪大的
粗略的
艰难的；难受的
多暴力的；犯罪率高的
roughly adv. 粗略地; 大体上
be rough on sb.对某人粗暴苛刻
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Grace made her way slowly across the rough ground. __________
2. It was too rough to sail that night. __________
3. The first year was rough, but things have gotten better. __________
4. They might be here by 3 ─ but that's just a rough guess. _________
高低不平的
风浪大的
艰难的
大致的/粗略的
51. navigator n.领航员;(飞机/船舶等上的)航行者
(pl. navigators)
navigate vi/vt. 导航; 航行; 航海; 驾驭, 成功应付(困难处境)
navigation n. 导航; 领航; 航行
52. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的
loyal service 忠诚服务
be loyal to sb/sth 对...忠诚
a loyal friend/supporter 忠实的朋友/支持者
loyally adv. 忠诚地
53. motor n. 发动机; 马达
adj. 有引擎的；机动车的; 运动神经的
a motor cycle 机动脚踏车/摩托车
an electric motor 电动机
a motor accident 机动车事故
motor insurance 汽车保险
54. candidate n. 候选人；应试者 (pl. candidates)
a candidate for ... ....的候选人/申请人/ 投考者/应试者
candidates for the job 求职者
apply v. 申请，涂抹；应用
apply for sth.
apply to do sth.
apply sth. to sth.
application n. 申请表
applicant n. 申请人
55. make fire 生火
set … on fire 放火烧; 使…着火
set fire to... 放火烧
catch fire 着火(动作) be on fire 着火(状态)
light a fire 点火
put out the fire 灭火
play with fire 玩火; 冒大风险
on/over the open fire 在篝火上
1. The police haven't found out who set fire to the storehouse.
警方还没查出是谁放火烧了仓库。
2. Don't stand too close to that stove. Your clothes may catch fire.
不要站得太靠近那个火炉,你的衣服可能着火。
56.give off
They gave off oily,
black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.(Page 44)
与give 相关的短语汇总:
give in(to)(向……)让步,屈服于…
give up 放弃
give away 泄露;赠送,分发
give back 归还;使恢复
give out 用完,耗尽;分发,散发
give way to 给……让路;向……让步
放出（热 、光 、气味或气体）
oily: 含油的；（食物）富含脂肪的；（人、行为）油滑的，讨好的
完成句子
(1)She decided to give these old clothes ________ .
(2)It isn’t mine; I must give it ________ to the owner.
(3)He will soon give ________ because he cannot win the game.
(4)The English teacher gave ___________ the examination papers
at 7:50．
(5)I can’t answer that puzzle; I give ________ .
away
back
up
out/away
up/in
57. episode n.(人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段;插曲 (pl. episodes)
an episode in my life 我生命中的插曲
mitment
1. We made a commitment to keep working together.
2. I was moved to learn more about their effort and their commitment.
3. He is commited to reforming health care system.
承诺
保证
奉献
made a commitment to do...承诺/保证做什么
commit vt. 犯罪; 承诺; 保证(某个人/机构等)
vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
commit a crime 犯罪
commit to sb/sth 忠于(某人/机构等);全心投入(工作/活动等)
commit oneself to sth 致力于......
commit oneself to do...承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit sb/oneself to sth. 承诺/保证什么
commit sb/oneself to doing sth. 承诺/保证做什么
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/保证(做)什么
完成句子
(1) You are so _________ (commit) to your studies. I wish you could
keep your____________(commit) .
(2) I’ve committed myself to________(work)for the company for a decade.
(3) I was impressed by the energy and ____________(commit) shown
by the players.
committed
commitment
working
commitment
59. motive n. 动机;原因;目的 (pl. motives)
adj. 运动的; 动机的; 发动的
motive for sth. ......的动机/原因/目的
There seemed to be no motive for the murder.
这起谋杀案看不出有什么动机。
motiveless adj. 无动机的，无目的
motivate vt. 使有动机;促动;激发;诱导
motivation n. 动力; 积极性
60. Confucianism n. 孔子学说；儒家(学说)
Confucius [k n fju s ] n.孔子
The philosophy of Confucius, also known as Confucianism, has deeply influenced Chinese culture.
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