模块5 Unit 13 People过去分词 学案

高二年级英语 执笔人:龚祎娜 审核人_________班级________姓名______________
Unit13 Grammar 过去分词
Learning aims:1学习并掌握过去分词的用法
2理解过去分词和现在分词的区别
Learning important point: 过去分词的用法及意义
Learning difficult point: 过去分词和现在分词的区别
Learning processes:
Step1 过去分词
（一）作定语作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰的词的前面；
过去分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰的词的后面，相当于一个定语从句
boiled water 开水 spoken English 英语口语 oppressed people 被压迫的人民
There are many fallen leaves on the ground. 地上有很多落叶。
This is a book written by a peasant. 这是一本农民写的书。
表示被动和完成意义 不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，表完成
（二）作表语过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态。I was pleased at the news. 听了这消息我很高兴。
The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。
He looked very excited. 他显得很激动。
过去分词作表语用，相当于形容词，最常见的有disappointed, discouraged , astonished, interested, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, puzzled 等。
（三）作宾语补足语过去分词可以在see, hear, notice, find, feel, watch, make, have, get, keep leave等动词后与名词（代词）构成复合结构。
结构：动词+宾语（名词或代词）+宾补（过去分词）
I often hear the song sung in English.
She found the door closed.
I must get my bike repaired.
Can you make yourself understood?
宾语与过去分词在逻辑上常存在被动关系
（四）作状语过去分词短语常用作状语，修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。
前提条件：过去分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。
Inspired by him, we worked even harder.
The professor came in, followed by a group of young men.
Mr. Green, deeply moved, thanked us again and again.
单个的过去分词也可以作状语。
Heated, water changes into steam.
She turned away, disappointed.
过去分词短语作状语可以表示：
1、相当于一个原因状语从句
Inspired by her example, the League members worked even harder.
=_____________________________________________________________
The children soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey.
=______________________________________________________________2、相当于一个时间状语从句
Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
=______________________________________________________________
Once published, this dictionary will be very popular!
=______________________________________________________________3、假设的情况，相当于一个条件状语从句
United, we stand; divided, we fall.
=______________________________________________________________
Given more time, we could do it much better.
=______________________________________________________________4、相当于一个让步状语从句
Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.
=______________________________________________________________
5、伴随情况（这种用法没有与之相当的状语从句可以代替）
He came back, completely tired.
The woman scientist entered the lab, followed by her assistants.
注意：正如前所述：过去分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。
Step2 现在分词与过去分词的区别
（一）现在分词与过去分词在语态和时间关系上的区别1、语态上的不同现在分词表示_________的意思，而过去分词表示___________的意思。
例1：I heard someone opening the door.
I heard the door opened.
观察：the fallen leaves, the risen sun, the exploded bomb , retired workers这些过去分词用法和例1中的例子表示的意义一样吗？注意观察过去分词动词的词性！那么它们表示：__________
2、时间关系上的不同
观察下列四组：
boiling water developing countries the rising sun
boiled water developed countries the risen sun
总结：一般说来，现在分词所表示的动作往往________________，而过去分词所表示的动作往往_________________。
（二）现在分词与过去分词作宾语补足语的区别
例子：I found them painting the windows.
I found the windows painted.
结论：以上句子中，宾语与现在分词是______关系，它表示的动作往往______________; 宾语与过去分词是________关系，它所表示的动作往往______________。
（三）作定语的区别一般说来，现在分词修饰事物，常与非人称主语连用；而过去分词修饰人，常与人称主语连用。
常见的分词amazed/amazing; excited/exciting; bored/boring; annoyed/annoying; interested/interesting; pleased/pleasing; surprised/surprising; satisfied/satisfying
Step3 练习
1 Most of the artists____to the party were from south Africa。
A.invited B.to invite
C.being invited D.had been invited
2 The bridge _____now over the Changjiang River wil be complete at the end of this year。
A.built B.is being built C.being built D.to be built
3.John was made ____the truck for a week as a punishment.
A. to be washing B.washing C.wash D.to wash
4.Something is wrong with my watch.I must have it ____.
A.repair B.repairing C.to repair D.repaired
5.Whatever she said ,she couldn't make herself _____.
A.understand B.to understand C.understanding D.understood
6 _____with paper books,e-books would have more advantages.
A.Compared B.Comparing
C.To compared D.If comparing
7 The teacher entered the classroom,___by two students.
A.to be followed B.followed
C.following D.to follow
8.The students entered the classroom，___ their teacher.
A.following B.followed C.follow D.by following
9.____from his looks,he is a kind man.
AJudging B.Being judging C.To judge D.Judge
10_____the windows and the door,the students left the room.
A.Being closed B.Closed
C.Having closed D.To close
11._____a deep breath,they dived into water.
A.taken B.Taking C.To take D.Took
12. As we all know, typing is a ______ job to a ______ heart. A. tired; tired??????????? B. tired; tiring?? C. tiring; tired??????????? D. tiring; tiring
Step 4:当堂小结
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