2022年中考英语语法——数词专项讲解与练习(含答案)

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名称 2022年中考英语语法——数词专项讲解与练习(含答案)
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中考语法--数词专项练习
表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,例如two dogs;表示顺序的数词叫序数词,例如the first day。
基数词
基数词的构成
基数词的构成
规则 举例 特殊
1—12的基数词是独立的单词 one, two, three, four, five...
13—19的基数词以-teen结尾 fourteen, sixteen, seventeen 13,15,18较特殊:13—thirteen 15—fifteen, 18—eighteen
20—90的整十位均以-ty结尾 sixty, seventy, ninety 20, 30, 40, 50, 80较特殊: 20—twenty, 30—thirty, 40—forty 50—fifty , 80—eighty
十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-” 28:twenty-eight, 96:ninety-six
百位和十位之间加and 148: one hundred and forty-eight 若无十位则和个位之间加and 108:one hundred and eight
hundred(百),thousand(千), million(百万), billion(十亿) three hundred, seven thousand, four million, eight billion 做“几百/几千/几百万/几十亿”讲时,后面不加s
数字的读法:
从数字的右端往左数,每三位数字加一个“,”。从右开始数,第一个“,”是thousand,第二个“,”是million,第三个“,”是billion。
2,468 two thousand four hundred and sixty-eight
16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four
注意:
1 数字+hundred, thousand, million,不加“s”
2 hundred, thousand, million用复数形式修饰名词时要用“of+复数名词”
成百上千个人 hundreds of people
成千上万只鸟 thousands of birds
3 数字+hundred, thousand, million…+of+the+复数名词
Exercise 1
1. eleven pens _____十一只钢笔_______ 2. twelve o’clock ______12点钟______________
3. ten oranges _____十个橘子_________ 4. one library ______一个图书馆_________
5. six to six ________五点五十四分__ 6.eight sweet watermelons ___八个甜的西瓜___
7. two ears _______两只耳朵_________ 8. five pineapples ____五个菠萝_______________
9. a quarter past two___两点十五分_____
10. 两只老虎_____ten tigers___ 11.六朵漂亮的花__six beautiful flowers___
12. 十只黄狗_____ten yellow dogs____ 13. 两位数学老师__two math teachers___
14. 一件白衬衫____a white__shirt______ 15. 七辆公共汽车__seven buses_____
16. 五颗红星____five red stars________ 17. 三头母牛___three cows___
18. 八位老教师_____eight old teachers____ 19. 九只羊____nine sheep_____
二、读出以下的数字
9216 542389 1568263 123456789
三、单选
1. Our summer holiday is coming. Two _______the students in our school will go to the beach.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
2. students are from USA.
A Five million B Five million of C Five millions D Five millions of
二、序数词:表示顺序
基数词变序数词的基本方法:
基数词+th,如:six—sixth(6th);
去t加th,如:eight—eighth(8th);
去e加th,如nine—ninth(9th)
2.ve改f加th,如:five—fifth(5th)
3.改y为ie,再加th,如:twenty—twentieth(20th)
4.熟记特殊词,如:one—first(1st),two—second(2nd),three—third(3rd)
5.两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词,如:thirty-sixth(36th)
表示第几:两种情况
1 the+序数词,如:I'm in the sixth grade.= I’m in Grade Six.
2 my,your+序数词
注意:1 第九the ninth 四十 forty
2 十二 twelve 二十 twenty
3 第几十的变化规律: ---ty 改成---tieth
Exercise 2
词型转换。
1. They live on the eighth (eight) floor.
2. Please take the first (one) turning on the left.
3. The ninth (nine) month is September.
4. I will learn the fifth (five) unit.
5. The second (two) runner is a winner.
6. The meeting will be finished on October the thirty-third (thirty-three).
7. December is the twelfth (twelve) month of the year.
8. Look at the photo! The eleventh (eleven) man from the left is our class teacher, Mr. Wang.
9. Do the twins sit on the third (three) row
10. ---Is Thursday the seventh (seven) day of the week
三、其他:
同学们,你学会了如何用数字表达数目和顺序了吗?我们身边还有很多规律排列的东西,它们不用序数词来表达,而是每一个都有自己的名字,你猜到是什么了吗?对啦,就是星期和月份!
星期日:Sunday Tips: Sunny day 周日适合出游
星期一:Monday Tips: “忙”day 周一十分忙碌
星期二:Tuesday Tips: “T”=Two 周二以“二”开头
星期三:Wednesday Tips: Winds day 周三在一周的中间,需要经历风雨才能盼得周末
星期四:Thursday Tips: Thanks day 谢天谢地,周四离周末不远了
星期五:Friday Tips: Free day 周五晚上就自由啦
星期六:Saturday Tips: Sit day 周六要坐下来写作业
注意:In western contries, Sunday is the first day of a week!
一月:January Tips: 一月新年到,时光如“箭”→January
二月:February
三月:March Tips: 三月春暖花开,Much sunshine→March
四月:April
五月:May Tips: 五一劳动节,劳动最“美”→May
六月:June
七月:July Tips: 七月暑期到,暑假“就来”→July
八月:August
九月:September Tips: 九月开学季,Student, School→September
十月:October
十一月:November
十二月:December Tips: 十二月一年到“底”→December
Exercise 3
星期和月份你都会了吗?赶快来应用一下吧!
用英语介绍一下你的一周生活。
用英语介绍一下每个月里重要的节日。(举一个例子即可)
四、数词的用法:
1.表示年份
年份用基数词表示,读时可以以hundred为单位
如:1949 nineteen hundred and forty-nine / nineteen forty-nine
1800 eighteen hundred
253 two hundred and fifty-three / two fifty-three
1902 nineteen hundred and two / nineteen o two
2000年以后可以以thousand为单位
如:2002: twenty thousand and two
Exercise 4
读出下列年份:
1. 1976 Nineteen seventy-six 2. 1927 Nineteen twenty-seven
3. 1894 Eighteen ninty-four 4. 1949 Nineteen forty-nine
5. 2013 twenty thirteen 6. 2050 twenty fifty
2.表示日期
日期用“the + 序数词”表示
如:12月1日 写作:Dec.1st,读作:December (the) first 或the first of October(英式)
10月31日 写作:Oct. 31st, 读作:October (the) thirty-first
年、月、日的写法和读法与汉语不同,英语的表达方式为“月份+序数词,年”
如:2002年11月8日 写作:Nov. 8th, 2002,读作:November (the) eighth, two thousand and two
1998年4月2日 写作:April 2nd, 1998,读作:April (the) second, nineteen ninety-eight
Exercise 5
一、写出下列日期:
1. 1月6日January, 6th/ the sixth of January 2. 8月7日 August, 7th/ the seventh of August
3. 5月1日May, 1st/ the first of May 4. 4月3日April, 3rd / the third of April
5. 12月12日December, 12th / the twelfth of December 6.7月5日 July, 5th/ the fifth of July
二、用英文告诉老师你的生日
3.表示时刻
整点直接加o’clock,表示“几点钟”
如:5:00 five o'clock
过整点,但是没到半点,用past,表示“过...”
如:7:05 five past seven
半点可以用half past,表示“几点半”
如:6:30 half past six或six thirty
过了半点,就用to+下一小时,表示“差...到”
如:9:55 five to ten
15分钟可以用a quarter来表达
如:3:15 a quarter past three
11:45 a quarter to twelve
日常生活中可以用简单读法表示时间:
如:6:31 six thirty-one
10:26 ten twenty-six
采用12小时表示法时,上午加a.m.,下午加p.m.
如:11 a.m.表示上午11点,11 p.m.表示夜里11点,即23点
Exercise 6
写出下列时间:
1. 5:15______five__fifteen__________ 2. 8:30______eight thirty_______________
3. 10:45_____ten forty-five____________4. 1:05_______five past one_________________________
5. 8:57____three to nine_______________6. 4:09________nine past four________________________
7. six to six_____5:54_________________________ 8. ten to nine________8:50___________________
9. eleven to twelve______11:49_________________ 10. a quarter to two_____1:45_________________
4.表示编号
如果被编号的数字前有名词,那么编号直接用基数词
如:Room 105 → Room one zero five
Bus No.13 → Bus Number Thirteen
P.5 → Page Five = the fifth page
Tel.No.7658659 →Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine
Tel.No.8890751→Telephone Number double eight-nine-o-seven-five-one
Exercise 7
1. (汉译英)
Room 336 Room three three six P. 18 Page Eighteen Bus No. 201 Bus Number Two Hundred and One
Room 403 Room four zero three P. 15 Page fifteen Bus No. 7 Bus Number Seven
2. (单选)
---Where is the head teacher
---Maybe he is in ________.
A. Two Room B. the Two Room C. Rooms two D. Room Two
5分数,百分数,小数的表达
1.“半”的表达
如:1/2→ a half 半小时→ half an hour
1.5 小时→ one and a half hours 或 one hour and a half
2.百分数用percent表示。
如: 百分之四十 40 percent
百分之三 3 percent
3.小数的读法
如:5.7→ five point seven 0.16→ zero point one six
Exercise 8
读出下列小数:
42.7 forty-two point seven 5.3 five point 3
6.37 six point three seven 8.96 eight point nine six
30% thirty percent 2.5小时 two and half an hour
1. 3% one point three percent 9% nine percent
15% fifteen percent 45% forty-five percent
5.分数的表达
分子基数,分母序数,分子大于一时,分母要加s。
如:1/3 one third
2/3 two thirds
1/4 a quarter
3/4 three quarters
24/25 twenty-four twenty-fifths
Exercise 9
用英语写出下列分数:
1/2 ___________________ 1/3 _____________________ 3/4 _____________________
2/5 ___________________ 4/7 ___________________ _ 32/43 ____________________
one/a half one third three fourths/ three quarters
two fifths four sevenths thrity-two forty-thirds
4.表达算式
英语中加、减、乘、除的读法主要有以下几种。
如:5+6=11 读作:Five and / plus six equals / is / makes eleven.
11-5=6 读作:Eleven minus five equals / is / makes six.
5×6=30 读作:Five times six equals / is / makes thirty.
10/2=5 读作:ten divided by two equals / is / makes five.
Exercise 10
用英语写出下列算式:
1+1=2
2+5=7
19-12=7
23-17=6
4×8=32
1 and/plus 1 is/equals two
2 and/plus 5 is/equals seven
19 minus 12 is/equals seven
23 minus 17 is/equals six
4 times 8 is/equals thirty-two
6.基数词的特殊用法
表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时,用逢十的基数词的复数形式。
如:in the 1990's 20世纪90年代
in one's twenties在某人20多岁时
Exercise 11
英汉互译:
21世纪80年代____ in the 2080s_______________ 17世纪50年代 ___ in the 1650s_____________ ___
一个60岁的男人__a sixty-year –old man _______ 一个60多岁的男人 ___ a man in his sixties___
in the 2312s _____24世纪10年代__________ __ __ in her fifties __在某人50多岁时中考语法--数词专项练习
表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,例如two dogs;表示顺序的数词叫序数词,例如the first day。
基数词
基数词的构成
规则 举例 特殊
1—12的基数词是独立的单词
13—19的基数词以-teen结尾 13,15,18较特殊:13—thirteen 15—fifteen, 18—eighteen
20—90的整十位均以-ty结尾 20, 30, 40, 50, 80较特殊: 20—twenty, 30—thirty, 40—forty 50—fifty , 80—eighty
十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-” 28: , 96:
百位和十位之间加and 148: 若无十位则和个位之间加and 108:one hundred and eight
(百), (千), (百万), (十亿) three hundred, seven thousand, four million, eight billion 做“几百/几千/几百万/几十亿”讲时,后面不加s
数字的读法:
从数字的右端往左数,每三位数字加一个“,”。从右开始数,第一个“,”是thousand,第二个“,”是million,第三个“,”是billion。
2,468 two thousand four hundred and sixty-eight
16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four
注意:
1 数字+hundred, thousand, million,不加“s”
2 hundred, thousand, million用复数形式修饰名词时要用“of+复数名词”
成百上千个人
成千上万只鸟
3 数字+hundred, thousand, million…+of+the+复数名词
Exercise 1
一、英汉互译:
1. eleven pens ______________________
2. twelve o’clock ____________________
3. ten oranges ______________________
4. one library _______________________
5. six to six ________________________
6.eight sweet watermelons _____________
7. two ears _________________________
8. five pineapples ___________________
9. a quarter past two___________________
10. 两只老虎_______________________
11.六朵漂亮的花______________________
12. 十只黄狗_______________________
13. 两位数学老师_____________________
14. 一件白衬衫_____________________
15. 七辆公共汽车_____________________
16. 五颗红星_______________________
17. 三头母牛_________________________
18. 八位老教师_____________________
19. 九只羊___________________________
二、读出以下的数字
9216 542389 1568263 123456789
三、单选
1. Our summer holiday is coming. Two _______the students in our school will go to the beach.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
2. students are from USA.
A Five million B Five million of C Five millions D Five millions of
二、序数词:表示顺序
基数词变序数词的基本方法:
,如:six—sixth(6th);
,如:eight—eighth(8th);
,如nine—ninth(9th)
2. ,如:five—fifth(5th)
3. ,如:twenty—twentieth(20th)
4.熟记特殊词,如:one—first(1st),two—second(2nd),three—third(3rd)
5.两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词,如:thirty-sixth(36th)
表示第几:两种情况
1 the+序数词,如:I'm in the sixth grade.= I’m in Grade Six.
2 my,your+序数词
注意:1 第九the ninth 四十 forty
2 十二 twelve 二十 twenty
3 第几十的变化规律: ---ty 改成---tieth
Exercise 2
词型转换。
1. They live on (eight) floor.
2. Please take (one) turning on the left.
3. (nine) month is September.
4. I will learn (five) unit.
5. (two) runner is a winner.
6. The meeting will be finished on October the (thirty-three).
7. December is the (twelve) month of the year.
8. Look at the photo! The (eleven) man from the left is our class teacher, Mr. Wang.
9. Do the twins sit on the (three) row
10. ---Is Thursday the (seven) day of the week
---No, it isn’t.
三、其他:
同学们,你学会了如何用数字表达数目和顺序了吗?我们身边还有很多规律排列的东西,它们不用序数词来表达,而是每一个都有自己的名字,你猜到是什么了吗?对啦,就是星期和月份!
星期日:Sunday Tips: Sunny day 周日适合出游
星期一:Monday Tips: “忙”day 周一十分忙碌
星期二:Tuesday Tips: “T”=Two 周二以“二”开头
星期三:Wednesday Tips: Winds day 周三在一周的中间,需要经历风雨才能盼得周末
星期四:Thursday Tips: Thanks day 谢天谢地,周四离周末不远了
星期五:Friday Tips: Free day 周五晚上就自由啦
星期六:Saturday Tips: Sit day 周六要坐下来写作业
注意:In western contries, Sunday is the first day of a week!
一月:January Tips: 一月新年到,时光如“箭”→January
二月:February
三月:March Tips: 三月春暖花开,Much sunshine→March
四月:April
五月:May Tips: 五一劳动节,劳动最“美”→May
六月:June
七月:July Tips: 七月暑期到,暑假“就来”→July
八月:August
九月:September Tips: 九月开学季,Student, School→September
十月:October
十一月:November
十二月:December Tips: 十二月一年到“底”→December
Exercise 3
星期和月份你都会了吗?赶快来应用一下吧!
用英语介绍一下你的一周生活。
用英语介绍一下每个月里重要的节日。(举一个例子即可)
四、数词的用法:
1.表示年份
年份用基数词表示,读时可以以hundred为单位
如:1949 nineteen hundred and forty-nine / nineteen forty-nine
1800 eighteen hundred
253 two hundred and fifty-three / two fifty-three
1902 nineteen hundred and two / nineteen o two
2000年以后可以以thousand为单位
如:2002: twenty thousand and two
Exercise 4
读出下列年份:
1. 1976_________________________________ 2. 1927_________________________________
3. 1894_________________________________ 4. 1949_________________________________
5. 2013_________________________________ 6. 2050_________________________________
2.表示日期
日期用“the + 序数词”表示
如:12月1日 写作:Dec.1st,读作:December (the) first 或the first of October(英式)
10月31日 写作:Oct. 31st, 读作:October (the) thirty-first
年、月、日的写法和读法与汉语不同,英语的表达方式为“月份+序数词,年”
如:2002年11月8日 写作:Nov. 8th, 2002,读作:November (the) eighth, two thousand and two
1998年4月2日 写作:April 2nd, 1998,读作:April (the) second, nineteen ninety-eight
Exercise 5
一、写出下列日期:
1. 1月6日_________________________________
2. 8月7日_________________________________
3. 5月1日_________________________________
4. 4月3日_________________________________
5. 12月12日_______________________________
6.7月5日 _________________________________
用英文告诉老师你的生日
3.表示时刻
整点直接加o’clock,表示“ ”
如:5:00 five o'clock
过整点,但是没到半点,用past,表示“ ”
如:7:05 five past seven
半点可以用half past,表示“几点半”
如:6:30 half past six或six thirty
过了半点,就用to+下一小时,表示“ ”
如:9:55 five to ten
15分钟可以用a quarter来表达
如:3:15 a quarter past three
11:45 a quarter to twelve
日常生活中可以用简单读法表示时间:
如:6:31 six thirty-one
10:26 ten twenty-six
采用12小时表示法时,上午加a.m.,下午加p.m.
如:11 a.m.表示上午11点,11 p.m.表示夜里11点,即23点
Exercise 6
写出下列时间:
5:15_________________________________
2. 8:30________________________________
3 10:45________________________________
4. 1:05________________________________
5. 8:57_________________________________
6. 4:09________________________________
7. six to six______________________________
8. ten to nine___________________________
9. eleven to twelve________________________
10. a quarter to two______________________
4.表示编号
如果被编号的数字前有名词,那么编号直接用基数词
如:Room 105 → Room one zero five
Bus No.13 → Bus Number Thirteen
P.5 → Page Five = the fifth page
Tel.No.7658659 →Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine
Tel.No.8890751→Telephone Number double eight-nine-o-seven-five-one
Exercise 7
1. (汉译英)
Room 336 P. 18 Bus No. 201
Room 403 P. 15 Bus No. 7
2. (单选)
---Where is the head teacher
---Maybe he is in ________.
A. Two Room B. the Two Room C. Rooms two D. Room Two
5分数,百分数,小数的表达
1.“半”的表达
如:1/2→ a half 半小时→ half an hour
1.5 小时→ one and a half hours 或 one hour and a half
2.百分数用percent表示。
如: 百分之四十
百分之三
3.小数的读法
如:5.7→ five point seven 0.16→ zero point one six
Exercise 8
读出下列小数:
42.7_________________________________ 5.3________________________________
6.37_________________________________ 8.96_______________________________
30% ________________________________ 2.5小时____________________________
1. 3% 9%
15% 45%
5.分数的表达
1/3 one third
2/3 two thirds
1/4 a quarter
3/4 three quarters
24/25 twenty-four twenty-fifths
总结:
Exercise 9
用英语写出下列分数:
1/2 ___________________ 1/3 _____________________ 3/4 _____________________
2/5 ___________________ 4/7 ___________________ _ 32/43 ____________________
4.表达算式
英语中加、减、乘、除的读法主要有以下几种。
如:5+6=11 读作:Five and / plus six equals / is / makes eleven.
11-5=6 读作:Eleven minus five equals / is / makes six.
5×6=30 读作:Five times six equals / is / makes thirty.
10/2=5 读作:ten divided by two equals / is / makes five.
Exercise 10
用英语写出下列算式:
1+1=2
2+5=7
19-12=7
23-17=6
4×8=32
6.基数词的特殊用法
表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时,用逢十的基数词的复数形式。
如:in the 1990's 20世纪90年代
in one's twenties在某人20多岁时
Exercise 11
英汉互译:
21世纪80年代___________________
17世纪50年代 _______________________
一个60岁的男人__________________
一个60多岁的男人 ___________________
in the 2312s ______________________
in her fifties __________________________