(共20张PPT)
考点解读
牛刀小试
专题 现在完成时
学习目标
完成时
现在完成时表示处于现在这个时间点,对这个时间点之前发生的一个或一系列动作的总结。
I have used the pen only three times.
(这支笔我只用过三次。)
现在完成时(have/has done)
for+一段时间
since +过去时间点
already
just
still
yet
up till now
so far
a few times
现在完成时(have/has done)
已完成
持续性
影响性
现在完成时(have/has done)
已完成
指现在看来,已经完成的事情
I have finished my homework!
我作业写完啦!
现在完成时(have/has done)
持续性
指动作发生在过去,并持续了一段时间
Tony has lived here for ten years.
托尼在这儿住了10年。
现在完成时(have/has done)
影响性
指动作发生在过去,并对现在产生影响
I have lost my wallet. Can you lend me 50 bucks
我钱包丢了。借我50块好伐
现在完成时(have/has done)
have been“去过” have gone“已经去了,还没有回来”。
Tony has been to Japan twice.
托尼去过日本两次。(可能是去拜师学艺吧……)
Tony has gone to Japan.
托尼已经去日本了。(下次再来剪头,托尼这会不在呢!)
Where have you been
你去哪儿了?(你已经回来)
Where have you gone
你去哪儿了?(你不在身边)
难点一:have been & have gone
get up
die
play
run
write
sleep
难点二:短暂性动作&持续性动作
Tony has arrived in Japan for a few days.
下飞机那刻就算到了,不跟 for…连用。
The woman has left since her husband was sent to prison.
跑路也就是买个票走人的事情,短暂性动作,不跟since…连用。
My rabbit has died for a week.
die 指断气的那一瞬间,不跟for…连用。
难点二:短暂性动作&持续性动作
arrive/ get to/ reach → have been here
come back → have been back
become → have been
die → have been dead
leave → have been away (from)
begin/ start → have been on
fall ill → have been ill
fall asleep → have been asleep
get up → have been up
get/ go out → have been out
finish → have been over
put on → have been on
难点二:短暂性动作&持续性动作
borrow → have kept
buy → have had
catch a cold → have had a cold
open → have been open
close → have been closed
join → have been a member of...
get to know → have known
sit down → have been seated
marry → have been married
move to → have lived (in)
短暂性动作&持续性动作
同:都可表示过去发生过的动作,但是前者表示的是过去
动作对现在的影响,而后者则是表示过去动作的事实。
He has gone to Peking.他到北京去了。(含义为:人已不在这里)
He went to Beijing last week. 他(上星期)到北京去了。
异:两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作,现在完
成时含义为该动作仍在继续,而一般过去时则说明该动作现早已终
止。
My uncle has lived in Rome for four years.
我叔叔在罗马住了四年了。(现在仍在那儿住)
My uncle lived in Rome for four years.
我叔叔在罗马住了四年。(现在不住在那儿了)
现在完成时&一般过去时
已完成
持续性
影响性
Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science _________ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
【解析】答案选 B。由表示对照的Years ago和recent可知,“以前不知”,但“现在已经证明了”,所以用现在完成时。
牛刀小试
My brother is an actor. He _________in several film so far.
A. A. appears B. appeared C. has appeared D. is appearing
【解析】答案选 C。so far(到目前为止)通常与现在完成时连用。
牛刀小试
★一岁半,海伦.凯勒不幸染上疾病,
致使双目失明、双耳失聪,随之又丧
失了说话的能力。
★ 17岁,海伦凯勒考进了美国第一-流
的高等学府哈佛大学, 并以优异
的成绩从大学毕业,还掌握了英、法、
德、拉丁和希腊五种文字。
★大学期间,她开始写作。毕业后,
她把自己的一生献给了盲人福利和教
育事业,并在繁忙的工作中先后完成
了14部具有世界影响的著作。最著名
的是其自传《假如给我三天光明》。
“The best and most beautiful things in this world cannot be seen or even heard, but must be felt with the heart.”
– Helen Keller
世界上最美好的事情往往是看不见也听不见的,
我们必须用心去感受。
温
示
提
馨
本节结束,谢谢观看!