2022年英语中考语法复习——(无答案)

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更新时间 2022-04-21 20:12:43

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中考语法复习——介词
趋势研判。
1. The workers will build a new railroad______ the two cities.(13)
A. since B. between C. as D. during
2. Cambridge is a small city____ the east of England.(14)
A. between B. with C. in D. under
3. — Could you tell me the way _____ the railway station (15)
— Go along this road and soon you’ll find it.
A. at B. to C. in D. between
4. In the picture, he sits ______me, looking very happy.(18)
A. beside B. among C. up D. through
5. It is going to rain. Take an umbrella you. (20)
A. with B. at C. in D. from
Anna is taller than me. She sits me in the classroom.(21)
between B. from C. behind D. among
考点支撑。
M6 1.方位介词
我们可以用介词表达方位,常用的表达方式有:
在左边/右边 与....紧挨着 在....的对面
在(的)拐角处 在...和.....之间
请看下面的例句:
Her house is the right of the street.她的房子在街道的右边。
The bank is the market.银行在市场的旁边
The supermarket is the restaurant.超市在饭店的对面
I get my newspaper from the shop the corner.我在拐角处的商店里买报纸。
The bookshop is the cinema and the hotel.书店在电影院和旅馆之间。
问路与指路
问路与指路是一种重要的交际功能,常见的相关表达方式有很多,
例如: Where is the bank 银行在什么地方
How can I go/get the bus stop 到汽车站怎么走
Excuse me. Can you tell me the way the park 打扰您了,请问到公园怎么走
Can you show me the way Tsinghua University 您能告诉我到清华大学怎么走吗
Take the No. 22 bus.乘坐22路公共汽车。 Go along the main street.沿着主街走。
Follow the road.沿着这条路走。 Turn left/right.向左/右拐
M5
表达日常行为时会用到时间,要注意英语和汉语表达时间的不同方式,试比较:
half six (6:30)在六点半
ten five (5:10)在五点十分
twenty seven (6:40)在六点四十分
注意:如果是半小时以内的时间,一般用“几点过几分”的表达方式,即...past...如5:25 可以表达为twenty-five five。如果超过了半小时,则多用“还差几分不到几点”的表达方式,即...to....如5:45就可以表达为a quarter six.
M2
介词是一种用来表示人物、事件之间关系的词。
1.介词短语及用法
介词不能单独构成句子成分,必须以介词短语的形式来构成句子成分。这里重点介绍由“介词+名词”构成的介词短语,如 the park(在公园), car(在车里), Saturday,
front of the classroom(在教室前面)。这类介词短语在句中可以作状语、定语和表语等。
(1)作状语
The space pen worked space, water, even ice.
太空笔可以在太空中、水 下,甚至冰上使用。
He wrote long poems children. 他给孩子们写长诗。
(2)作定语
He seems to know the solution the problem.他似乎知道这问题的解决办法。
We had a debate about women's lives now and the past.我们就妇女现在与过去的生活状况展开了一场辩论。
(3)作表语
Tom and Jack are England.汤姆和杰克来自英格兰。
Our manager is holiday the south.我们经理正在南方度假。
许多介词短语已经成为固定表达方式,我们可以把它们作为一个整体来记忆和使用,如:
the past(在过去), the morning(在上午), the weekend(在周末), school(放学后)等。
2.介词的兼词现象
有些单词既可以用作连词也可以用作介词,而有些单词既可以用作介词又可以用作副词,应注意区分它们在句子中的不同功能。例如;
(l) after 和before
after和before两词既可以作连词,也可以作介词。作连词时后面接从句,作介词时后面接名词或动词的 形式。例如:
What did you do you called the police 报警之后,你做了些什么 (after为连词,连接状语从句)
I am going to the playground to play basketball school.课后我要去操场打篮球。 (after为介词,与名词school构成介词短语作状语)
试比较下面两句话:
You should take off your shoes you go into a Japanese home
You should take off your shoes before into a Japanese home.
以上两句意思相同,都表示“去拜访日本家庭的时候,人室前要脱鞋”,但是第一句中before为连词,而第二句中before为介词。
(2) above 和 below
above 和below可以作介词,也可以作副词。例如:
Do not write below the line.请勿写在线下。(below和the line构成介词短语作状语)
Please write to me at the address below.请按照下面的地址给我写信。(below为副词)英语中兼作介词和副词的单词很多,如about, behind, down, up,in,off, on, over, through, under等。
时间介词:at,on 与in:
(1)at主要表示在某时刻或中午、半夜、黎明等。如:
six o'clock在6点钟 noon在中午 night在晚上 midnight在午夜,
(2)on主要表示在某一天、周几,也可表示在具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上或某一特定的日子。 如: Sunday在星期天 1st April在4月1日 New Year's Day在元旦
a cold evening在一个寒冷的晚上 Monday morning在星期一的早上。
the morning of May 1st
(3)in主要表示月、季节、年、世纪;泛指上午、下午、晚上;还表示“...后(表示时间)”。如:
the day在白天 the morning在上午 the afternoon在下午 the evening在晚上 spring在春天 1999 在1999年
He will be back an hour.他一小时后就回来。
表示时间的in 与after:
(1)"in十时间段”表示以说话时间为起点的将来一段时间之后,常用于将来时态的句子中,对其提 问用how soon(多久后)。如:
She will go there three days.她3天后将去那里。
----How soon will you come back 你多久能回来 ---- a week.一周后。
(2)"after十一段时间”表示以过去或将来某个时间为起点的一段时间之后。如:
She went after three days.她是3天后去的。
(3)after后也可接时间点,表示过去或将来的概念;而in不可以。如:
He will arrive after three o'clock.他将在3点后到达。
表示时间的for,since,during 与from:
(1)"for十时间段”表示“多长时间”,指时间的延续,常与现在完成时连用。如:
Mr. Zhang has worked in this factory for ten years.张先生在这家工厂已工作10年了。
(2)"since+时间点/since+时间段+ago/since+一般过去时句子”表示“从..到现在;自从以来”,常与现在完成时连用。如:
The Blacks have lived here since 1989.自从1989年以来,布莱克一家一直住在这儿。
(3)during表示特定的某一段时间,常与一般过去时连用。如;
It rained several times during the night,夜里下过好几场雨。
(4)from只表示时间的起点,与10连用指动作的起始时间与结束时间。如;
We go to school from Monday to Friday.我们从周一到周五去上学。
方位介词:
表示方位的in,to 与on:
in表示在某地区范围之内,to表示在某地区范围以外且不相邻,与某地接壤用on。如
①Japan is the east of China日本在中国的东边。(日本不属于中国,在范围以外)
②Taiwan is the south of China.台湾在中国的南部。(在中国范围以内)
③Mongolia is the north of China.蒙古在中国的北面。(与中国接壤)
助记:方位介词in,on与to的用法:
B is in the west of A. B在A的西部。
C is on the west of A . C在A的西面。
D is to the west of A. D在A的西边。
表示方位的above,over,on 与 below,under
(1)above, over 与on表示“在..之上”below与under表示“在..之下”
(2)above指“...方”,不强调是否垂直,与below相对;below表示“在..下方”,不一定在正下方。
(3)over指垂直的上方,但与物体有一定的空间距离,不直接接触,与under相对;under表示"在 正下方”
(4)on表示在某物体上面并与之接触。
①The bird is flying above my head.这只鸟正在我的头上空飞翔。
②There is a bridge over the river.河面上有一座桥。
③There is a dog under the desk.有一条狗在课桌下。
④Please write your name below the line.请在这条线的下方写下你的名字。
⑤There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。
in front of 与 in the front of:
(1)两者都有“在..前面”的意思。
(2)in front of表示“在某人或某物的前面(范围之外)”。
(3)in the front of表示“在某一物体或空间范围的前部(范围之内)”。如:
The teacher's desk is in front of the blackboard.讲台在黑板前。
I was sitting in the front of the cinema,but then someone sat in front of me. 我坐在电影院的前面(前排),但是后来又有人坐在了我的前面。
between 与among:
(1)两者都表示“在..之间”。
(2)between指在两个人或两个事物之间;among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间、如
Our school is between the hospital and the bookstore.我们学校在医院和书店之间
Mike is sitting among the students. So it's not easy to find him.迈克坐在学生中间,所以要找到他很不容易。
表示穿过越过的介词:
(1)across表示动作见在某一物体的表而进行的
(2)through则表示动作是在某一空间内进行的,
(3)over从上方阶越过,
(4)past情从基物旁边绿过,
We walked past the hospital,我们从医院旁边走过。
The Great Wall winds its way from west to east,across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.长城从西到东,越过沙漠,腾过高山,穿过深谷,婉蜒而行,最后直到大海。
表示交通方式
in/on+修饰语(冠词、形容词性物主代词,名词所有格等)+表示交通工具的单数名词。
on 多用于开放性成半封闭式的交通工具前,而in多用于封闭式的交通工具前。如
on my bike在自行车上: on the bus在公交车上 in the car在汽车里
by+表示交通工具的单数名词。如:by bus乘公交 by bike骑自行车
表示手段或工具的介词
with指借助于具体的手段或工具。如He wrote it with a pen.他是用钢笔写它的,
in表系"以..方式用...言、文字等)媒介”。We can sing the song in English,我们能用英语唱这首歌。
(3)by表示...方式(方法、手段)”。如;We had to do all the work by hand.所有的活儿我们都必须要用手工完成,
与制成有关的介词
(1)be made of/from表示....制成”,后面跟表示材料的名称。be made of从制成品上可以看出原材料,be made from从制成品上看不出原材料。如:
'The desk is made of wood,课桌是由木头制成的。
This kind of paper is made from wood.这种纸是由木头制成的。
be made in意为“在...地点制造”,in后接产地。如:
The car is made in Germany.这车是德国制造的。
(3) be made by意为“..谁)制造",by后接动作的执行者。如:
The cake was made by my grandmother.这蛋糕是我奶奶做的
be made into意为"把...做.成....”.主语在意义上为原材料,介词宾语为制成品。如:
These old clothes can be made into bags.这些旧衣服可以被做成包。
表示除了的介词
(1)besides作“除了..以外,还有...讲,强调部分包括在整体之内。如
表示“除 Besides Hong Kong, I've also been to Macao.除香港之外,我还去过澳门。
(2)but作“除了...外”讲,相当于except。but常与否定代词nothing,nobody及部分形容词的最高级连用,后接名词、代训或不定式。如
He wanted nothing but to have a chance to try it,除了想有机会试一试外,他别无所求。
介词短语:
laugh at期笑 hear from收到...的来信 listen to听 hear of听说 look at看着 think of 想起
fall into掉进come from来自 wait for 停待 belong to属于 agree with赞同
be famous for...而著名 be busy with忙于.. be interested in对...兴趣
be proud of为..感到自豪 be good at擅长于 be ready for为...做好准备
be different from....不同 be same as和..一样 be angry with生..的气
三、词汇积累。
1 prep.关于 30 prep.从...出发
2 prep.在…后 31 prep.进入....里面
3 prep.像…一样 32 prep.在...时候在...河边
4 prep.在;在…里 33 prep.在...的对面
5 prep.在…之后 34 prep.通过;超过
6 prep.在...后面 35 prep.路过(某物或某地);越过
7 prep.在...之间 36 prep.穿过
8 prep.向下 37 prep.沿着而去
9 prep.为,为了 38 prep.在....上;到....上
10 prep.从…来,来自 39 prep.无,没有
11 prep.如同,像 40 prep.对
12 prep.靠近,接近 41 prep.除 .之外
13 prep. ..的 42 prep.在……里面
14 prep.下(交通工具) 43 prep.到…之上
15 prep.在…上 44 prep.在……之外
16 prep.在...的上方 45 prep.转到另一边
17 prep.晚于,过(几点) 46 prep.比
18 prep.朝上,向上 47 prep.在…正下方
19 prep.(距整点时间)差 48 prep.作为;当
20 prep.与...在一起和具有品质特征 49 prep.用于达,计
21 prep.在上....方; 50 prep.参加,在,期间,用按照
22 prep.越过 51 prep.在(播放)中关于
23 prep.沿着 52 prep.用
24 pron.又一个;再一个 53 prep.在.. 之中
25 prep.环绕着;围绕 54 prep.在下面,在..以下
26 prep.在...点钟 55 prep.在..旁边在..附近
27 prep.用靠乘交通工具由..创作被;由 56 prep.在..旁边,靠近
28 prep.沿着 57 prep.包含,包括
29 prep.在:...期间 58 prep.直到..勺止
1 几百,数百 31 同意某人
2 寻找 32 请求(给予)
3 在工作 33 大量,众多
4 担心 34 为…欢呼
5 正如,正像 35 热身
6 复习,练习 36 远离
7 是的,当然 37 处于危险中
8 …怎么样? 38 最后,终于2
9 在旁边,紧挨 39 想到,想出
10 许多,大量 40 和平地
11 比如 41 照顾,照管
12 看 42 开办,设立
13 在那边 43 考虑
14 打开 44 及时
15 搜寻 45 从…跌落
16 在周末 46 稍等
17 收到…来信 47 快点
18 等待 48 例如
19 正在出售 49 抬起,提起
20 下(飞机,车) 50 按照;根据
21 破碎 51 避开;不靠近
22 起初 52 把…剪掉
23 指着 53 把…刷掉
24 发现,查明 54 与…相比
25 和,也 55 保护…免受
26 试穿 56 许多;很多
27 …之一 57 为付出代价
28 事实上 58 是…的缩写
29 查找 59 受…折磨
30 写下,记下 60 张贴;公布
1 浏览 31 脱去
2 用手 32 过去
3 关掉;关闭 33 动身;出发
4 出差 34 离开
5 上交 35 取消决定终止
6 遇上麻烦 36 多亏;归功于
7 数千 37 嘲笑
8 比较…与… 38 在左边
9 而不是 39 在右边
10 试用 40 在….的前面
11 至少 41 对有帮助的
12 超过 42 对…有害的
13 大量的无数的 43 并且;还
14 穿过 44 擅长
15 放弃 45 许多种类
16 为…而死 46 为做好准备
17 死于… 47 此刻;目前
18 取决于 48 首先;第一
19 填写 49 小心对待
20 唤醒某人 50 匆匆忙忙
21 参加 51 与某人相处融洽
22 安静地 52 盼望
23 带某人参观 53 将来
24 播出,直播 54 从前
25 亲自;本人 55 散步
26 浑身;到处 56 在几岁时
27 问世;出版 57 在19世纪60年代
28 在学校 58 世界各地
29 写作 59 臂挽臂地
30 因为;由于 60 因….而闻名
1 最后;终于 30 顺便提一下
2 为了 31 遇上麻烦
3 并排地肩并肩地 32 一小段时间
4 有时;间或 33 阻止某人做某事
5 首次;初次 34 感到骄傲
6 在…..的底部 35 每次;一次
7 .…怎么了? 36 从某一角度程度上
8 不和….接触 37 那时在那段时间
9 为…而感到骄傲 38 对….感到惊奇
10 健康状况很好 39 答案是问题是
11 赢得某人的心 40 有可能有机会
12 结果;因此 41 只要
13 在….的结尾 42 一口气;一下子
14 同时 43 偶尔;有时;间或
15 一天天地渐渐地 44
16 与某人保持联系 45
17 在…的顶端 46
18 按某人的意见 47
19 在….上面;盖住 48
20 各种各样的 49
21 照顾;护理 50
22 那时候 51
23 独自一人 52
24 两个 53
25 担心 54
26 违反规定 55
27 所有年龄段的 56
28 养成…..的习惯 57
29 生某人的气 58
四、模拟训练。
1.------Can you help me my Chinese, pleae ------Sure.
A,with B.on C.in D.of
2.Cambridge is a small city the east of England.
A. between B,with C. in D, under
3.Everyone please be careful your own things from now on.
A,with B. in C.on D,at
4.The library is the left of the playground.
A. By B.at C, in D.on
5.Her grade is the best the three students.
A. between B,at C, among D.on
6.Confucius is known lots of people in the world.
A.by B. as C. for D. about
7.--------When is your birthday ------- the 30th of May.
A.On B.In C.At D.By
8.-----Do you often write your parents
------No. I often talk with them the phone.
A,to;in B. for:on C.to;on D. for;in
9.-----I think friends should be different each other.
-----I agree with you. Then we can learn something our friends.
to; from B. with;as C. as; with D. from;from
10.My mother often says,"Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud who you are. ”
A.at B.in C,with D. of
11.Some tree leaves fell on my coat. I had to brush them it.
A.to B. with C.off D. under
12.Thanksgiving is celebrated with a traditional meal family and friends.
A. against B. below C.among D. without
13.You must be careful falling stones. OK,let's go down this path.
A.on B.of C. in D.for
14.In the picture, my mother sits me, looking very happy.
A. through B. among C. behind D.up
15.In my home town,the temperature in winter always keeps zero and the river freezes.
A. against B. below C.over D. above
16.A terrible earthquake happened in Nepal the morning of April 25th,2015.
A.on B.in C.at D.from
17.--------Excuse me. Where is Room 101
-----Go the gate, you will see it on your right.
A. through B,across C. over D. along
18.Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class Three.
A.of B.in C. against D.from
19.Stephen Hawking was known a scientist. He made a great contribution to the world, and he died March 14th,2018.
A. for;on B.as;in C. as; on D. for;in
20.The earth is a planet and it goes the sun.
A. between B. across C. through D. around
21.There are tons books in the new library.
A, with B.for C. from D. of
22.All the students take the bus to school Sam. He walks to school.
A. by B. against C.with D.except
23.The sunlight came in the windows and warmed up the bedroom.
A. through B. from C. across D. by
24.We have a history class ten Thursday morning.
A.in; at B.at;in C at; on D. in;on
25.Our English teacher is very strict us and he is strict his teaching.
A. with;at B. with;with C.in; with D. with;in
26.Our teachers are getting on well us. We all like them.
A.for B.with C.in D. about
27.It's very sweet you to tell me the arrival time the phone.
A. of ; for B.of;on C.to;in D. for; by
28.-----Villages and farms are taking away animals' land and forests.
------I think we need to help them live
A.in pieces B. in peace C, in person D.in time
29.It is important us to make full use of time.
A.on B.of C.with D. for
30.It's so cold outside. Remember to close the door you when you leave.
A. Behind B. besides C. before D. without
31.Lin Lin often practices English chatting with her American friend.
A.in B. by C. for D. with
32.Today almost every mobile phone can take pictures a camera.
A.as B. for C. like D.of
33.I want to learn a second foreign language English.
A.except B. beside C. besides D.except for
34. Students usually start their new term September every year.
A.on B.in C.at D.for
35.The atmosphere lets sunlight in and keeps warmth getting out.
A. By B.in C. through D. from
36.I would like to take part in the volunteer work May Day.
A.in B.on C.at D.for
37.-----Would you like to visit the Slender West Lake with me now
-----Sorry. It's the visiting hours. Let's go there tomorrow.
on B. over C. during D. beyond