11：中考英语报刊时文 + 中考题型精选精炼（短文填空专题）（全国通用）
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| 名称 | 11：中考英语报刊时文 + 中考题型精选精炼（短文填空专题）（全国通用） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.5MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-20 16:26:27 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题源: https://www. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
Facebook与TikTok展开毫不留情的斗争
Facebook in 'bare-knuckle' fight with TikTok
The "bare-knuckle" c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ampaign allegedly included placing opinion pieces and letters to the editor in US regional news outlets "promoting dubious stories about alleged TikTok trends that actually originated on Facebook", the Post journalists wrote.
《华盛顿邮报》的记者写道，据称，这场“毫无 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )底线”的运动包括在美国地区新闻媒体上刊登评论文章和致编辑的信，“宣扬有关所谓TikTok‘热搜’的可疑故事，而这些‘热搜’实际上出自Facebook”。
重点词汇
1. bare-knuckle /b r n k l/ 激烈而毫不留情的 He can handle himself in a bare-knuckle fight.
2. allegedly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/ led / 据称 She allegedly used a voice changer when ringing her.
3. dubious / du .b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i. s/ 可疑的 These claims are dubious and not scientifically proven.
中考时文阅读-天空课堂
On Dec. 9, 2021, three Chinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, who are working abroad the Tiangong space station, showed millions of students their life there. They also did some fun science experiments. Let’s take a look at some of them.
Use it or lose it
The human body gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ows with the pull of Earth’s gravity (重力). But in space, our bones and muscles (肌肉) don’t need to sustain our body’s weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. NASA says that astronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after just a couple of weeks. That is dangerous because they will be too weak to work.
Astronauts have differ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent ways to prevent this. During the lecture, Zhai introduced a special uniform Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”. There are many elastic bands (弹力带) inside the suit. Wearing it, astronauts use their muscles to stretch the bands. This keeps their muscles strong.
▲
During anothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r experiment, Wang made a water film (膜). Then she added more water drops onto the film to make it a water ball. This can never happen on Earth. Why
We need to f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irst understand the surface tension (表面张力) of water. It is like a “skin” of water. The “skin” is there because water molecules (分子) are drawn to each other. Most of the time, gravity is too strong and it breaks the “skin”. But with zero gravity in space, the “skin” stays strong and the water ball will not break.
Water in space acts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) differently from water on Earth in other ways. For example, water will not flow downward if you try to pour it into a cup. That’s why astronauts usually drink water through straws in sealed bags.
1．What can we learn about the lecture from space
A．It is a part of the astronauts’ daily work.
B．It took place in the International Space Station.
C．It is one of the astronauts’ ways to ask for help.
D．It took place 400 kilometers above Earth.
2．What does the underlined word “they” in the passage refer to
A．Astronauts B．muscles C．bones D．bodies
3．Which of the foll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owing is the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in the passage
A．Space water is valuable B．Space water is different
C．Space water is important D．Space water is common
4．What’s the writer’s purpose in this passage
A．To raise people’s interest in space exploration.
B．To explain the importance of space experiments.
C．To ask readers to do more science experiments.
D．To introduce the space lecture given by Chinese astronauts.
【答案】 1-4．DABD
【短文分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述中国宇航员在地球上空400千米的地方举行的太空讲座。
【答案解析】
【第1题】细节理解题。根据第一段“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) three Chinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth”可知，讲座发生在地球以上400千米的地方。D选项表述正确。故选D。
【第2题】 词义猜测题。根据前文“ as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after just a couple of weeks”可知，宇航员在一两周之后就会失去高达20%的肌肉。根据“ too weak to work”可知，句子表达宇航员太虚弱不能工作。“they”指的是“astronauts”。故选A。
【第3题】推理判断题。根据“This ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can never happen on Earth”及“Water in space acts differently from water on Earth in other ways”可知，讲述的是太空的水和地球上的水的行动方式不同。小标题可概括为“Space water is different太空的水是不同的”。故选B。
【第4题】推理判断题。文章的目的是为了讲述中国宇航员在地球上空400千米的地方举行的太空讲座。
Chinese astronauts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu gave a science lecture(讲座) from China’s space station to students on Earth on December 9th, 2021. The class began at 3:40 p.m., with a total of 1,420 students attending the lecture from five classrooms across China. The primary classroom is in China Science and Technology Museum. Classrooms have also been set up in Nanning, Wenchuan, Hong Kong and Macao. Tens of millions of students across China watched the hour long televised event.
Shenzhou-13 mem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bers gave the students a tour of the living and working areas of the space station. They showed the students how to increase their strength with their exercise equipment(设备), introduced a specially designed spacesuit and performed experiments. Ye, who is on his first spaceflight, showed how he moved in the weightless environment. They also answered questions from students during the lecture.
It was the first le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cture of the Tiangong Class. More lectures will be held and presented by Chinese astronauts. Such activities are held to spread knowledge and encourage a love for science among young people.
Shi Yi, a physics tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cher in Beijing, said the space lecture was an eye-opening experience that would ignite(点燃) students’ interest in science.
Wang Yihan, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fifth-grade student, said, “The experiments really surprised me. I have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our country’s space program in the future.”
Vincent Wong, headm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aster of Hong Kongs Pui Kiu College, said the event gave Hong Kong students an opportunity to communicate with the astronauts. “It also helped to strengthen their national identity(认同) as they saw the rapid development of our country’s space technology,” he said.
1．The astronauts held the live class ______ ______ space station.
2．We can know about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that the astronauts show how they ______ and ______ from the second paragraph.
3．The ______underlined word “presented” in paragraph 3 means ______.
4．The writer mention ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the three viewers in the last three paragraphs ______ he wants to show that the class is ______.
5．More ______ of the T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iangong Class will be held and presented by Chinese astronauts ______ knowledge and encourage a love for science among young people.
【答案】
1. On, China’s 2. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )live, work 3.underlined, given 4.because, meaningful 5.lectures , to spread
2. 【短文分析】
本文主要讲述了翟志刚，王亚平，叶光富三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )位宇航员在太空上实时授课，向学生展示如何使用运动器材增强力量，介绍了一套特别设计的宇航服，并进行了实验。展示了自己在失重环境中如何移动。他们还在讲座中回答了学生的问题，本文也分别介绍了学生和老师对这次讲座的评价。
中考新题型短文语法填空解题技巧指导
一．解题步骤：
1，快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；
2，上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；
3，通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。
二．解题思路：
1.有提示词
首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。
（1）如果需要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。
如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。
若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是to do, doing还是done的形式。
（2）如果需要填入名词，我们则需要根据我们的积累，加上正确的词缀，并判断是否有单复数的变化。
通常情况下，作主语，及物动词或介词的宾语，形容词或物主代词之后，冠词+（形容词）后以及表示数量的词后要用名词。
（3）. 如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。
2.无提示词。
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。
(1).名词前面一般用冠词，形容词性物主代词或介词等。
(2).缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。常考的代词包括：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词。
做题时，先要通过翻译句子来确定该空格处所缺的意思，从而确定用哪一种代词，再通过平时积累的语法知识，来判断代词的准确使用。
（3）. 若两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等。
（4）. 若两个句子之间没有分号或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是句号；若一个句子包含在另一个句子里面，或一个句子位于逗号之后，则应该填连词，多为从属连词that, who, which, if,unless, though, because, when, until等。
中考新题型-语法填空解题技巧
01名词形式变化
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例：There are many s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents living at school，the______ (child) houses are all far from school.
由students一词可以判断出横线处 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。
02 动词的形式变化
动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。2·1·c·n·j·y
例：A talk_______ (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
句中的is written是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given.
03 代词形式变化
代词形式变化通常是与人称变 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。
例：The king decided to see the painter by ________(he).
由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
04 形容词、副词比较级变化
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和.est，或在词前more/less和most/least，且形容词的级还要冠以the。
例：I am _____ (tall)tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．
此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
05 数词形式变化
数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式 once／twice21*cnjy*com
例：To my three ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half，my second son shall take a _______(three).
从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。
06 词的派生
词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。
例：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，so he was very____(happiness)．
在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un，就成了unhappy。
07 固定短语结构
根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。（这种往往没有提示词，难度也会更大一些）
例1：The children w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy.
从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
例2：His boss was____angry as to fire him．
如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to...，所以，so是正解。
08 从句引导词
从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
例1：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．
审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
例2：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．
经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who，在定语从句中做主语。
09 短语动词结构
短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
例1：The US consists____fifty states．
根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由......组成”，所以答案是of。
例2：Mrs Baker was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take_____of her．
ask for live请假，生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
10 短语介词结构
短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。
例1：Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。
11 连词、关联短语结构
常用的连词有and，or，but，so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both…and...，either…or...，neither…nor...，not only…but also...等。
例1：Little Wang Ju ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．
此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。
12 冠词、介词和常用的副词
冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等。
例1：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．
这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。
例2：Old Tom’s grand daughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．
Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
13 上下文中出现的相关词
这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。
答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
例：Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
典例剖析1
（2021·四川广元·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
Winter Olymp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ics is also 1．__________ (call) the White Olympics. International Olympic Committee (IOC国际奥委会) handed the 2022 Olympic events to Beijing 2．__________ July31, 2015. The IOC saw it as a wise 3．______ (choose). Beijing will be the first city to host both summer 4．__________ winter Games in the world after it hosted the2008 summer Olympics.
Thousands of Chin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese people, 5．__________ (especial) teenagers, are interested in winter sports because they can get a lot of fun from it. People all think that 6．__________ (host) the 2022 Olympic Winter Games will encourage more young people 7． __________ (join) in ice and snow sports. The Bird’s Nest Stadium and the Water Cube will again welcome the sports 8．__________ (love) from home and abroad. We believe that Chinese people will show 9．__________ excellent Olympics to the world. We are sure that people all over the world will enjoy 10__________． (they) during the Games. Let’s look forward to it!
【答案】
1．called 2．on 3．choice 4．and 5．especially
6．hosting 7．to join 8．lovers 9．an 10．themselves
【剖析】
文章介绍了有关冬奥会举办城市——北京的一些情况，包括人们对此的期待以及对在北京举办冬奥会的评价等。
1．句意：冬奥会也被称为白色奥运会。空格前有is，此处的动词应用过去分词，构成一般现在时的被动结构，故填called。21*cnjy*com
2．句意：2015年7月31日， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国际奥委会将2022年奥运会项目移交给北京。结合“July31, 2015”可知，具体的某一天前用介词on，故填on。
3．句意：国际奥委会认为这是一个明 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )智的选择。空格前a wise是修饰空处，所以空处应填名词，choose是动词，名词是choice，故填choice。
4．句意：北京将成为200 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )8年夏季奥运会后世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。结合“both summer...winter Games”可知，此处是both...and...“两者都”结构，故填and。
5．句意：成千上万的中国人，特别是青少年，对冬季运动感兴趣。此处是强调“特别是”青少年，应用副词形式，故填especially。
6．句意：人们都认为举办2022年冬季奥运会将鼓励更多的年轻人参加冰雪运动。空处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式，故填hosting。
7．句意：人们都认为举办202 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2年冬季奥运会将鼓励更多的年轻人参加冰雪运动。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，是固定结构，故填tojoin。
8．句意：鸟巢和水立方将再次欢迎来自国内外的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )体育爱好者。结合句意可知，此处指的是体育爱好者，应用名词lover“爱好者”，此处泛指国内外所有的体育爱好者，名词应用复数形式，故填lovers。
9．句意：我们相信，中国人民将向世界 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )展示一届精彩的奥运会。此处是泛指“一届精彩的奥运会”，应用不定冠词修饰，excellent是元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰，故填an。
10．句意：我们相信全世 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )界的人都会在奥运会期间玩得很开心。此处表达的是“玩的开心”，用enjoy oneself表示，故填themselves。
典例剖析2
Bike to Work ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Day was started by the League of American Bicyclists in 1956 with __1__ aim of promoting the bicycle as a serious choice of getting to and from work. It is __2__ (annual) held across North America on the third Friday of May. In today's world __3__ global warming is a serious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon footprint. Cycling to work is a healthy alternative __4__ driving or taking public transport. It can not only save you money but also enable you to be more __5__ (create) once you get to work, thus improving your performance.
Bicycles are the m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ost common form of transport in the world and there are about two billion in use worldwide, __6__ (make) the bicycle the most popular invention ever. When we think of some countries, like the Netherlands, we imagine __7__ (hundred) of people cycling everywhere. Even in high -tech Japan, it is impossible not __8__ (see) businessmen, farmers, mothers or workers in the streets on their bikes. Bicycles __9__ (invent) in the 19th century and haven't changed much since. Today, we use bicycles for pleasure, fitness, Olympic competitions, mail __10__ (deliver) and lots more. Without the bicycle, much of the world might stop working!
答案与解析
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Bike to Work Day的由来以及骑自行车的好处等。
1．the
考查冠词。此处特指创立Bike to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Work Day的宗旨，故填the。with the aim of doing sth.“以做某事为目标，旨在做某事”。
2．annually
考查副词。修饰动词held应用副词。annually“一年一次地”。
3．where
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，先行词为today's world，故填where。
4．to
考查介词。alternative在此作名词，意为“可供选择的事物”，常与介词to搭配使用。
5．creative
考查形容词。根据空前的“to be more”可知，此处应用形容词。creative“有创造力的”。
6．making
考查非谓语动词。自行车是世界上最常见的交 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )通工具，全世界在使用中的自行车约有二十亿辆，这使得自行车成为有史以来最受欢迎的发明。make与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。
7．hundreds
考查名词复数。hundreds of表示“数以百计的，很多的”，是固定用法。
8．to see
考查非谓语动词。此处考查的是“it is＋adj.＋to do”句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。
9．were invented
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。自行车是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在19世纪被发明的。根据时间状语“in the 19th century”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时；又因Bicycles为复数，且和invent之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填were invented。
10．delivery
考查名词。分析句子结构可知，mail与空处构成名词词组，在句中作介词for的宾语，故应填名词delivery“传送，递送”。21教育网
实战演练
Passage1
Susan was tired of ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ving her three children talk back to her. One day, she climbed into her kids’ tree house. It was 1．________ Good place, she thought, for a mother to go on strike（罢工）. She was tired of 2．________ (drive) them everywhere without thanks and doing more than her share of the work around the house.Until 3．________ (thing) changed, Susan decided to stay up in the tree.www.21-cn-jy.com
Susan’s strike ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )got her kids’ attention, 4． ________ course. But that was not all that happened. Word of the fed-up mother spread. Before long, a camera crew from television’s Today Show came into their yard. Now people all across America were going to find 5．________ who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.
As the cameras wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rked,the three kids stood with their father near the tree house. Kate, the Today Show host, had a question for 6．________ (they). “What do you think about your mom on strike in that tree house ” she asked.
“I am kind of embarrassed,” said Misty.
“I’m really sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ocked,“said Joseph. “I did not think it would go this far. My mom is much 7． ________ (crazy) than we thought.”【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Rachel added, “I think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) mom is so strange 8．________ I can hardly believe it.”
But Susan had made he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r point. If the kids 9． ________ (want) her back, they should know what to do. When the TV crew left, the kids went into their house 10．________ (quick) and got busy. Not long after that Susan climbed down from the tree and went back to being a mom.
Passage 2
A bookstore in Kao ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hsiung got international attention after CNN reported on the unusual decoration（装饰）in it. The store, Wuguan Books,is known as 11． ________ “experimental bookstore”because of the dark lighting used to show the books on sale. Wuguan Books 12．________ (lie)at Pier-2 Culture Center, which is full 13．________ special cafés and exhibits. The bookstore is almost 14．________ (complete) dark, except for the shelves（书架） of books.There are over 400 shelves of books in the store, with many 15．________ (light) placed around books. It appears as if books themselves are lighting up the darkness.
The bookstore 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6．________ (create) by Chu Chih-kung not long ago, with the purpose of increasing people’s senses when 17．________ read books. Su Yu-shan, the 18． ________ (manage) of the store, says the environment can help people learn to do “soul（灵魂）reading” by 19．________ （provide） a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention. 20． ________ it might not be for everyone,Wuguan Books creates a very different kind of environment from most bookstores.
Passage3
According to a recent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )survey, violence(暴力) did happenin schools. Students showed 21．________ (they) fear and parents and teachers also expressed their worries about it. Experts hope that 22．________ whole society pay more attention to the mental health of teenagers.
Nowadays, sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool violence is a hot problem. I think this is also a big problem 23．________ need our great attention. We should make every effort to prevent violence 24．________ (happen) at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 25．________ (safe) couldn’t be guaranteed.
In fact, viol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ence can 26．________ (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from what they see on television or on the Internet.
If I meet with sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to 27．________ (much) fighting. If I meet with school violence, I 28．________ (tell) my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from bad 29． ________ (guy).
All in all, every st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udent should behave well and keep away 30．________ violence.
基础练
Passage 1
1．a2．driving3．things4．of5．out6．them7．crazier8．that9．wanted10．quickly
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一位妈妈因为厌倦为家庭付出太多，而收不到任何感谢，一怒之下进行了罢工。后来随着《今日秀》摄制组的到来，事情有了转变。
1．句意：她想，这是一个母亲进行罢 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )工的好地方。句中“place”为单数可数名词，“good”以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
2．句意：她厌倦了开车带着他们到处 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )走，却不向她表示道谢，也厌倦了做太多她该做的家务。be tired of doing sth.厌倦做某事，of为介词，后面跟v-ing形式，故填driving。
3．句意：直到事情发生变化，苏珊决定留在树上。句中“thing”意为“事情”，为可数名词，根据句意知应用复数形式，故填things。
4．句意：当然，苏珊的罢工引 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )起了孩子们的注意。由前句“Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention”和句中“course”可知，此句是说苏珊的罢工当然引起了孩子们的注意。of course当然，为固定短语，故填of。
5．句意：现在全美国的人都要找出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是谁把孩子的妈妈送上了树。由句中“who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.”可知，此句是说全美国的人正打算找出谁把孩子的妈妈送上树。find out弄明白，查清楚，故填out。
6．句意：《今日秀》的主持人凯特问了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他们一个问题。由句中“had a question”可知，此句是说向某人提问。句中“for”为介词，后面跟代词宾格，故填them。
7．句意：我妈妈比我们想象的要疯狂得多。crazy疯狂的，形容词，由句中“than”可知，应用比较级，故填crazier。
8．句意：雷切尔补充说:“我觉得妈妈太奇怪了，我简直不敢相信。”so...that...如此……以至于……，为固定句型，故填that。
9．句意：如果孩子们想要她回来，他们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )应该知道做什么。句中“if”如果，引导条件状语从句。这里是按正常情况“退一步说”，与现在的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，从句中用一般过去时，故填wanted。
10．句意：当摄制组离开后，孩子们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )迅速进入他们的房子，开始忙碌起来。句中“went into”为动词短语，应用副词修饰。quick快的，形容词，其副词形式为quickly，意为“快地”，故填quickly。
Passage 2
11．an12．lies13．of1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )4．completely15．lights16．wascreated17．they18．manager19．providing
20．Although/Though/While
【分析】
本文主要介绍了高雄一家书店不同寻常的装潢，引起了国际关注，并详细介绍了这家书店——五官书店的基本信息。【版权所有：21教育】
11．句意：这家名为五官书店的商店 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )因用于展示在售书籍的黑暗灯光而被称为“实验书店”。“experimental bookstore”是名词，并且此处表示泛指，一个，“experimental”是以元音音素开头的单词，故用“an”。故填an。
12．句意：五官书店位于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二号码头文化中心……。根据“The store, Wuguan Books, is known…”可知，空格所在句为一般现在时，主语“Wuguan Books”是第三人称单数，谓语用动词的三单形式，“lie”的三单形式是“lies”。故填lies。
13．句意：五官书店位于二号码头文化中心，这里到处都是特别的咖啡馆和展品。be full of充满。故填of。
14．句意：除了书架上的书 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，书店几乎一片漆黑。空格处修饰形容词“dark”，填副词，“complete”的副词形式是“completely”。故填completely。
15．句意：这家商店有400多个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )书架，书的周围放着许多灯。“many”后接可数名词复数，“light”的复数是“lights”。故填lights。
16．句意：这家书店是朱志功不久前 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )创办的……。根据“by Chu Chih-kung not long ago”可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词，主语“The bookstore”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“create”的过去分词是“created”。故填wascreated。
17．句意：这家书店是朱志功不久前创 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )办的，目的是增加人们读书时的感觉。根据“with the purpose of increasing people’s senses”可知，空格处表达“他们”读书时的感觉，空格处作主语，用主格，they他们。故填they。
18．句意：这家书店的经理苏玉山… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…。“the”后接名词，根据“Su Yu-shan”可知，空格处填单数名词，“manage”的名词是“manager”。故填manager。【出处：21教育名师】
19．句意：这家书店的经理苏玉山说，环 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )境可以帮助人们通过每一本吸引人注意力的书来提供一种私人体验，从而学会“心灵阅读”。“by”是介词，后接动名词，“provide”的动名词是“providing”。故填providing。
20．句意：虽然不是每个人都适合 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，但是五官书店创造了一种与大多数书店截然不同的环境。分析空格所在句的前后句可知，该句为让步状语从句，可用“Although/Though/While”引导。故填Although/Though/While。
Passage 3
21．their22．t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he23．which/that24．happening25．safety26．belearned27．more28．will tell29．guys30．from
【分析】
本文主要关于校园暴力，呼吁大家重视校园暴力问题并提出了面对校园暴力时的做法。
21．句意：学生表现出恐惧，家长和老师也 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表达了他们的担忧。they他们，人称代词主格，此处指代“Students”；根据空后的“fear”可知，此处填形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
22．句意：专家们希望全社会更加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )关注青少年的心理健康。根据空后的“whole society”可知，此处可填入定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。2-1-c-n-j-y
23．句意：我认为这也是一个需要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们高度关注的大问题。本句为定语从句，先行词为“a big problem”，指物，在从句中作主语，可填that或which。故填which/that。
24．句意：我们应该尽一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。happen发生，动词；prevent...(from)doing...阻止……做……。故填happening。
25．句意：我们应该尽一切努力 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。safe安全的，形容词；根据“personal”可知，此处填一个名词，safe的名词为safety。故填safety。
26．句意：事实上，暴力是可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )被学来的。learn学习，动词；“violence”与“learn”为被动关于，空前有can，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词 + be done。故填be learned。
27．句意：如果我遇到学校暴力，我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不会用暴力来回应暴力，因为暴力会导致更多的打斗。根据“If I meet with school violence, I will not answerviolence with violence, for it will lead to...fighting.”可知，用暴力来回应暴力，会导致更多的打斗，填much的比较级形式more。故填more。
28．句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我会告诉 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我的老师或家长。本句为If引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”的原则，从句为一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时。故填will tell。
29．句意：我想他们会帮我处理好的，他们会保护我不受坏人的伤害。guy家伙，可数名词，此处应填其复数形式。故填guys。
30．句意：总之，每个学生都应该表现良好，远离暴力。keep away from表示“远离”，此处表示远离暴力。故填from.
提升练
Passage 1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过三个单词），并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
How many backpa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cks have you owned since you went to school Backpacks 1．_______ (become) common and popular among students in the past 30 years. If your backpacks become old, will you just treat them as rubbish and throw them away Five years ago, a research 2．_______ (show) that 85% of the old backpacks ended up in rubbish. But as we know, most backpacks are produced from different 3．_______ (material). If we throw them away, they will be harmful 4．_______ our environment.
Although some of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e old backpacks are no longer of their right color or size, there are still many things you can do with them. Here are some 5．_______ (use) ways for you. For example, do you feel it difficult to find 6．_______ (you) tools in the house You can solve this problem by 7．_______ (make) use of your old backpacks to store all kinds of tools. Also,it is 8．_______wonderful idea that you can put your old backpacks online for sale. Besides,offering your backpacks to other poor kids is another good choice, as those old backpacks may make their life 9．_______ (convenient) than before.
All in all, old back ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )packs are still of great value as long as we put them into use 10．_______ (wise). Remember: rubbish can be turned into treasures!
Passage 2
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In an old buil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ding in peking University, a yellow light shone into the old and dark hours of the night. The famous translator Xu Yuanchong 11．_______ (sit) behind the window and staring at the computer screen. He enjoyed working by 12．_______(he) from 10:00 p. m. to 4:00a. m. For him, the quiet night was a 13．_______(value) time to focus on translation. He was exploring how 14．_______(spread) Chinese culture abroad by translating Chinese beauty into Western beauty.
Xu was born ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )into a literary family in Nanchang 15．_______ April 18th, 1921. When he was little, he 16．_______(influence) by his mother who was interested in literature. Xu began to translate Chinese poetry into both English and 17．_______(France) . when he was still a teenager. He soon learned that Chinese and European languages were very different. Only about half of the words in these languages could be translated word-for-word. This is why translators should have 18．_______ creative mind. They are always trying to improve their translations to make sure they are correct and beautiful.
Xu's motto is: Good, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) better; best. Never let it rest. Until your good is better;you’re your better best. 19．_______Xu was widely considered to be the best, he never stopped trying to become better.
The more you learn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and the 20．_______(hard)you study, the better you will become. There is always room for improvement.
Passage 3
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（每空不超过三个词）
Once upon a time,th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere was a man named Lazy. He wanted to have a big house and it took him over a year to build one. The house was so beautiful that all of his 21．_______（neighbor）admired him very much.
But as time went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) by,his house started to have some problems. One day, 22． _______old neighbor went past it and said, “Your house is beautiful, but the grass in the yard is a bit overgrown.”Lazy answered 23．_______（quick）, “I know, but it’s OK. I 24．_______（cut）it tomorrow.”
A few days la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter, a mailman came by with a letter for Lazy. The mailman said, “Sir, your house iswonderful, but the windows are a bit dirty. You can make it more wonderful by25．_______（clean） them.” Lazyreplied reluctantly （不情愿地）, “I know, but it’s OK. I will do that tomorrow.”
Weeks passed by.L ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )azy’s yard was in a mess. The paint was falling down and the windows werecovered with dirt. One day, his brother came over 26．_______（visit）him. He was 27．_______（surprise）at what he saw and scolded him angrily, “Lazy, I know why you’re called Lazy. You’re just 28．_______ your name! What have you done for your house It could fall apart at any second!”
Just the next day,after a heavy rainstorm, Lazy’s house fell down!
There are many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Lazys around 29．_______（we）. Are you lazy, too Have you ever put off “something” to“tomorrow”, “next month” 30．_______ even “next year” It’s much better to just deal with things todaythan to wait until some imaginary（想象的）“tomorrow” that might not actually come.
Passage 4
Hi Alice,
My name’s Zhao Ming ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and I’d like to be your pen friend. I’m 16 years old. I have two little brothers. They’re very 31．_______ (love). I often help my parents look 32．_______ them in my spare time. My mother 33．_______ (work) in a toy shop. She loves 34．_______ (she) job. And my father is 35． _______engineer. He is busy everyday, 36． he tries to spend more time with us.
I’m in the school bas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ketball team. We usually play 37．_______ (match) on Saturday mornings. Last week, we played against another school. They ran 38．_______ (fast) than us. However, we had better teamwork. Finally, we 39．_______ (win)! How happy we were! This is the 40．_______ (eight) time we beat them.
Could you tell me something about you Please write.
Best,
Zhao Ming
Passage 5
阅读下面的短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Ten-year-old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important. He often practiced it by volunteering with his family. 41．_______, after entering the National Kindness Speech Contest, he became more active in it. Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects which help others. He calls 42．_______ (he) action the Race to Kindness.
After 43．_______ teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er told him about the contest, Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize 44． _______record his speech. In it, he talked 45．_______ the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it.” Orion said. He encourages 46．_______ (listener) to join him in “the race of kindness” by doing small, kind acts for others. Orion’s speech won the contest. He used his $500 prize 47．_______ (collect) 619 toys for a local children’s hospital. After that,Orion wanted to make an even 48．_______ (big) influence. In charity he packed meal boxes for people in need including a kind message for each receiver.
Orion says, “If ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) someone is treated 49．_______ (kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else. And then it just 50． (grow) and makes the world a better place.”
提升练
Passage 1
1．havebecome2．showed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )3．materials4．to5．useful6．your7．making8．a9．moreconvenient10．wisely
【分析】
本文主要提供了几条合理利用旧书包的建议。
1．句意：在过去的30年里，书包 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )已经在学生中变得普遍和受欢迎。根据“in the past 30 years”可知，此处要用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语是复数形式，助动词用have，故填have become。
2．句意：五年前，一项研究 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )显示，85%的旧书包最终变成了垃圾。根据“Five years ago”可知，此句要用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填showed。
3．句意：但正如我们所知，大多数背包是用不同的材料制作的。different后接复数名词，故填materials。21教育名师原创作品
4．句意：如果我们把它们扔掉，它们会对我们的环境有害。固定搭配：be harmful to sth“对……有害”，故填to。
5．句意：这里有一些对你有用的方法。此空修饰名词ways，要用形容词作定语，故填useful。
6．句意：例如，你是否觉得在家里找工具很困难？此空修饰名词tools，要用形容词性物主代词，故填your。
7．句意：你可以通过使用你的旧书包来存放各种工具来解决这个问题。by是介词，后接动名词，故填making。
8．句意：另外，把你的旧书包放到网上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )出售也是一个好主意。此处表示“一个好主意”，表泛指，且wonderful是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
9．句意：因为那些旧书包可能 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )使他们的生活比以前更方便。根据“than”可知，此处要用比较级。make sth+形容词，“使某物……”，此空应填形容词比较级，故填more convenient。
10．句意：总之，只要我们明智地使用旧背包，它们仍然是很有价值的。此空修饰动词use，要用副词，故填wisely。
Passage 2
11．wassitting12．himse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lf13．valuable14．to spread15．on16．wasinfluenced17．French18．a19．Although/Though21cnjy.com
20．harder
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述许渊冲的生平，他的日常生活和翻译心得。
11．句意：著名的翻译家许渊 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )冲正坐在窗后认真看着电脑屏幕。句子讲述的是过去的事情。根据“ and staring”可知是过去进行时，主语是单数，谓语动词用 “was sitting”。故填was sitting。
12．句意：他喜欢从下午十点独 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )自工作到凌晨四点。句子用“by oneself”表示“独自”，主语是 “he”可知用反身代词 “himself”。故填himself。
13．句意：对于他来说，安静的夜晚是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个宝贵的时间可以关注在翻译上。名词“time”前用形容词修饰，表示“宝贵的”用形容词“valuable”作定语。故填valuable。
14．句意：他正在探索怎样通过翻译 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中文成英文，把中国的文化扩散到国外。句子用“疑问词+动词不定式”，表示 “怎样扩散”用 “to spread”。故填to spread。
15．句意：许渊冲于1921年4月18日出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生于南昌的一个书香门第。根据“April 18th, 1921”可知表示具体的某一天，用介词“on”。故填on。
16．句意：当他小的时候，他受他的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )母亲影响，他的母亲对文化很兴趣。根据“was”可知是一般过去时，根据“by”可知主语和动词之间是被动关系，主语是单数，谓语动词用“was influenced“。故填was influenced。
17．句意：当许渊冲还是一个青少年的时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )候，他开始把中国的诗歌翻译成英语和法语。根据“ both English and “可知用表示语言的名词形成并列。表示 “法语”用名词“French”。故填French。
18．句意：这是为什么翻译者应该 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有一个创造性的头脑。名词“mind”表示“头脑”是可数名词，“creative”是辅音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词”a”。故填a。
19．句意：尽管许渊冲被大家认为是最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )好的，他从没停止尝试变得更好。根据“Xu was widely considered to be the best, he never stopped trying to become better.”可知前后是转折关系，用连词“though”或“although”表示 “尽管”。故填Although/Though。
20．句意：你学得越多，学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )得越努力，你会变得越好。句子是“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。根据“and”可知用 “the+副词的比较级”与“The more ”并列。“hard”的比较级形式是 “harder”。故填harder。
Passage 3
21．neighbors22．an23．qu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ickly24．willcut25．cleaning26．to visit27．surprised28．like 29．us30．or
【分析】
从前有个名叫懒惰的人，他总是把事情推到明天，直到有一天一场暴风雨将他的房子吹倒。这个故事告诉我们不要“明日复明日”。
21．句意：房子很漂亮，所有的邻居都很羡慕他。此前有all修饰，使用名词复数，故填neighbors。
22．句意：一天，一个老邻居从这里经过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，对他说:“你家很漂亮，但是院子里的草长得太茂盛了。”此处泛指一位老人，old首字母发元音音素，故填an。
23．句意：懒汉很快回答道：“我知道，但是没关系。”用于句中修饰动词answered，用副词形式，故填quickly。
24．句意：我明天再剪。根据“tomorrow”可知，用一般将来时will do结构，故填will cut。
25．句意：你打扫它们可以使它更棒。by是介词，其后加动名词作宾语，故填cleaning。
26．句意：一天，他的哥哥来看他。根据“h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is brother came over…him”可知，此处表示目的，用动名词形式，故填tovisit。
27．句意：他很惊讶，生气地责备了他。此处在句中作表语，修饰人，用-ed形容词形式，故填surprised。
28．句意：你就像你的名字一样！根据“You ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’re just…your name!”可知，此处是be like短语，意为“像”，故填like。
29．句意：我们周围有很多懒人。around是介词，其后加宾格作宾语，故填us。
30．句意：你有没有把“某事”推迟到“明天”、“下个月”甚至“明年”？前后表示并列关系，“或者”符合语境，故填or。
Passage 4
31．lovely32．after33 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．works34．her35．an36．but37．matches38．faster39．won40．eighth
【分析】
本文是赵明写给爱丽丝的信，信中介绍了自己的家人以及学校篮球队的情况。
31．句意：他们非常可爱 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据“I have two little brothers.”可知，此处修饰两个小弟弟，在句中作表语，故填lovely。
32．句意：在我的业余时间，我经常帮助 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我的父母照顾他们。根据“I often help my parents look…them in my sparetime.”可知，此处是look after“照顾”，故填after。
33．句意：我妈妈在玩具店工作。本句陈述客观事实，时态是一般现在时，主语是My mother，谓语动词用三单，故填works。
34．句意：她热爱她的工作。此处作定语修饰 job，用形容词性物主代词，故填her。
35．句意：我父亲是一名工程师。此处表泛指，用不定冠词，engineer首字母发元音音素，故填an。
36．句意：他每天都很忙，但他试着花更多的时间和我们在一起。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
37．句意：我们通常在星期六上午比赛。此处不单指一场比赛，表示复数含义，用名词复数，故填matches。
38．句意：他们跑得比我们快。根据“than”可知，此处用副词比较级，故填faster。
39．句意：最后，我们赢了！根据“Last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填won。
40．句意：这是我们第八次打败他们。此处作定语修饰time，用序数词，故填eighth。
Passage 5
41．However42．h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is43．a44．and45．about46．listeners47．tocollect48．bigger49．kindly50．grows
【分析】
本文讲述了一位十岁的小男孩从小就认为善良很重要，直到现在他还在致力于把善良传播到世界各地。
41．句意：然而，在参加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )全国慈善演讲比赛后，他变得更加积极。结合句意，前后句为转折关系，空格后有逗号，所以用转折连词however，句首首字母要大写，故填However。
42．句意：他将自己的行 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动称为“走向善良的竞赛”。空格处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词，he他，是人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词为his，故填his。
43．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。根据句意，这里指一位老师，所以用不定冠词，teacher以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
44．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。句中write，memorize和record是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
45．句意：在演讲中，他谈到了善良的重要性。talk about sth.意为“谈论某事”，结合句意，故填about。
46．句意：他鼓励听众和他一起参加“走向善良 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的竞赛”，为他人做一些小而善良的行动。listener听众，是可数名词，结合句意，此处应用复数形式listeners，故填listeners。
47．句意：他用500美元 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的奖金为当地一家儿童医院收集了619件玩具。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，故填tocollect。
48．句意：在那之后，奥瑞恩想要产生更大的影响。句中even修饰形容词的比较级，big的比较级为bigger，故填bigger。
49．句意：如果有人被善待 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，它可以使他们的一天更光明，并鼓励该人对别人好。空格处修饰动词treated，应用副词形式，kind善良的，是形容词，其副词形式为kindly，故填kindly。
50．句意：然后它就会成长，让世界变得更美好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据后面的并列动词makes和主语it可知，谓语动词grow用单三形式grows，故填grows。
真题练
Passage 1（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）
用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
Hello, Lingling!
My music lesson last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )week 1．_______ (be)amazing! We’ve got a Chinese exchange student at our school, and he joined 2．_______ (we) in the band practice. He had an amazing instrument from China. I can’t remember what it 3．_______ (name), but it has two strings, and is a bit like a violin. It sounded amazing! Do you know what it could be
I also want 4．_______ (know) why Chinese musical ways sounds so 5．_______ (relax) and calm to me. Do you have any recommendations for different types of Chinese music I can listen to The school holidays 6．_______ (come) soon. Perhaps, over the holidays, I can learn a lot 7．_______ (much) about Chinese music.
I 8_______． (start) l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )essons in Physics and Chemistry already. I’m 9．_______ (real) excited because I love these 10．_______ (subject).
I look forward to hearing back from you!
Sandy
Passage 2 （2021·湖北天门·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earth — our home a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd our planet, is a truly amazing place to live. Think about so many kinds of lives living on Earth. If you have ever flown on a plane, you’ve 11．_______ (get) a new respect（尊重） for Earth.
Earth is the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )planet known to support life. The 12．_______ (difference) in life forms on Earth are far more than our imagination. On the one hand, there are tiny microbes（微生物）and they can only 13．_______ (see) through a microscope. On the other hand, there are 30-metre long whales that swim through our oceans,covering 14．_______ (thousand) of miles in their ravels.
We have mount ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ains 15．_____ （near）ten kilometers high and valleys（峡谷）many kilometers deep. The 16．______ (deep) valleys of all are underwater. These undersea valleys can reach 11 kilometers in depth. And yet, even under the pressure of the water at that depth, life still exists. Look at the trees around you. Some trees are over 100 meters tall. That looks 17．_____ a 30-storey building! And they can be 1,000 years old. We have soft grass 18．______ (walk) on, and trees with needles（针叶）so sharp that they can make your finger bleed if you touch them.
But the most amazin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g thing about this planet is the people. There are more than seven billion people19．________ (live)on this planet. We live in different places and speak different languages, 20． we live on the same planet and enjoy the same sun, the same air and the same water.
Earth — our only home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),our great planet. Humans really are so lucky to have such a wonderful place to call home.
Passage 3 （2021·湖南衡阳·中考真题）
Zu Chongzhi was one o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fthe greatest mathematicians(数学家) in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern 21．________ ( dynasty). From a young age,Zu was taught natural science, astronomy(天文学), math and so on. The little boy was 22．_______ ( interest) in all of these subjects, especially in 23．_______ .
Zu was best known f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orhis calculation(计算) of pi (π).According to the record, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. 24．_______ took him lots of time to workout the value — 25．_______ 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to do better than Zu. And now the achievement is still praised by people around the world.In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians suggest 26．_______ (call) pi“Zu Lv”.
Zu was successful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) not only in math, but also in astronomy. He worked out that a year should be365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. 27．_______ , government officials at that time did not agree with Zu. The great mathematician 28．_______ saw his calendar put into use. Almost ten years after his 29．_______ (die), the new calendar was finally accepted.
Zu was an inventor,t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oo. He once made a vehicle(车辆) 30．_______ carried a pointer (指针). No matter how the vehicle turned, the pointer always pointed to the south.
Passage 4 （2021·宁夏·中考真题）
阅读下面短文。在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
If you go to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )another country, what kinds of things would you buy Would you buy a camera in Japan,some 31．_______ (beauty) clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland No matter 32．_______ you may buy, you might think those products were made in those 33．_______ (country). However, you could be wrong. Kang Jian is a l7-year-old student from Shanghai. Last year he 34．_______ (go) to visit his aunt and uncle in San Francisco. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. “I wanted to buy a toy car for my cousin, but even though most of the toys are American brands, they were made in China.”
Toys are not th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e only things made in China. “Once I wanted to buy a pair of basketball 35．_______ (shoe).” he explains. “But I had to visit five or six stores before 36．_______ (find)a pair made in America!”He realized that Americans can 37．_______ (hard) avoid buying products made in China. “In fact,” He continues, “there were many other things there made in China—footballs,handbags, pet food, mobile phones. 38．_______ American flags are made in china!” Kang Jian thinks it’s great that China is so good at making 39．_______ (this) everyday things.However, he hopes that 40． the future China will also get better at making high—technology products that people can buy in all parts of the world.
Passage 5 （2021·广西玉林·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Dear Mary,
I’ve already ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) gotten your e-mail. I’m very glad that you are interested in the cultural relics (文物) of China. Let me tell you something about it.
If you want to learn a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bout the cultural relics of our country, you may consider visiting museums or 41．_______ （read）books. Now there is a new way 42．_______ （learn）about the cultural relics. It is to watch a CCTV show 43．_______ （name）National Treasure. Do you want to know more about the new way Just read on.
National Treasur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is a popular show 44．_______ Sunday. It has ten episodes（集）. It shows twenty-seven treasures from 45．_______ （ninth）museums across China. After it was first 46．_______（show）on December 3, 2017, it soon became popular. Yu Lei, the 47．_______ （direct）of the show,said that it made national treasures come “alive”.
48．_______ it’s a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )how about old relics,it looks very new and modern. There is a large LED screen on the stage （舞台）. The screen will show every detail（细节）of the treasures.
The show tells t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he stories and history behind the treasures. It also invites famous actors to act out 49．_______ (this)stories on the stage. The actors even use modern words and sentences in their performances.
A lot of people l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ove the show and they are the fans of National Treasure. One of the fans said,
“National Treasure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )really brings museums and cultural relics 50．_______ people in a modern and interesting way.”
So much for Nation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al Treasure. Let’s talk about itface to face next time. I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours,
He Ting
真题练
Passage 1
1．was2．us3．isna ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )med4．to know5．relaxing6．are coming7．more8．havestarted9．really10．subjects
【分析】
本文是Sandy写给玲玲的信，信中介绍了自己学校的生活。
1．句意：我上周的音乐课太棒了！根据“last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语My music lesson是单数，故填was。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
2．句意：我们学校有一个中国交换生，他加入了我们的乐队练习。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格形式，故填us。
3．句意：我不记得它叫什么名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )字了，但它有两根弦，有点像小提琴。主语it是动作name的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以是一般现在时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词用is，故填is named。
4．句意：我还想知道为什么中国音乐听起来总是那么放松和平静。want to do sth“想要做某事”，故填to know。
5．句意：我还想知道为什么中国音乐听起来总 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是那么放松和平静。此处在句中作表语，修饰Chinese music，用修饰物的形容词，故填relaxing。
6．句意：学校假期快到了。根据“soon”可知，时态是一般将来时，备选词come用现在进行时表将来，主语是复数，故填are coming。21·cn·jy·com
7．句意：也许，在假期里，我可以学到更多关 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于中国音乐的知识。根据“I can learn a lot…about Chinese music.”可知，此处是more about，意为“更多关于”，故填more。
8．句意：我已经开始上物理和化学课了。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据“already”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，故填have started。
9．句意：我真的很兴奋，因为我喜欢这些科目。此处在句中修饰形容词excited，用副词形式，故填really。
10．句意：我真的很兴奋，因为我喜欢这些科目。此前有these修饰，使用名词复数形式，故填subjects。
Passage 2
11．got/gotten1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2．differences13．beseen14．thousands15．nearly16．deepest17．like18．towalk19．living20．but
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。向我们介绍我们唯一的家园——神奇的地球。
11．句意：如果你曾经坐 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过飞机，你会对地球产生新的敬意。根据“you’ve”可知，此处是have done表示现在完成时，get的过去分词是got/gotten，故填got/gotten。
12．句意：地球上生命形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式的差异远远超出我们的想象。此处在句中作主语，用名词，根据谓语动词are可知，使用名词复数形式，故填differences。
13．句意：一方面，有微小的微生物，它们只 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能通过显微镜看到。根据“they can only…through a microscope”可知，主语they是动作see的承受者，用can be done结构表被动，故填be seen。
14．句意：另一方面，有30米长的鲸鱼游过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们的海洋，在它们的裂缝中覆盖数千英里。根据“covering…of miles in their ravels”可知，此处是thousands of短语，意为“成千上万”，故填thousands。
15．句意：我们有将近十公里高的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )山和许多公里深的山谷。根据“We have mountains…ten kilometers high and valleys（峡谷）many kilometers deep.”可知，此处在句中作状语，用副词形式，故填nearly。
16．句意：最深的山谷在水下。根据“of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all are underwater”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，用形容词最高级形式，故填deepest。
17．句意：那看起来像一个30层的建筑！ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据“That looks…a 30-storey building!”可知，此处是looklike短语，意为“看起来像”，故填like。
18．句意：我们可以在柔软的草地上行走 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，树上的针非常锋利，如果你碰它们，它们会让你的手指流血。根据“We have soft grass…on”可知，此处作后置定语修饰grass，用动词不定式形式，故填to walk。
19．句意：有70多亿人生活在这个星球上。主语people和动作live之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填living。
20．句意：但我们生活在同一个星球上，享受着相同的太阳、相同的空气、相同的水。此处与前半句构成转折关系，可用but连接，故填but。
Passage 3
21．dynasties22．intere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sted23．math24．It25．between26．calling27．However28．never29．death30．that/whichwww-2-1-cnjy-com
【分析】
此文讲述了祖冲之是一个伟大的数学家，他从小就对数学有独特的天赋，以及他的生平介绍。
21．句意：他出生于南北朝时期。根据“Northern and Southern”可知，名词应该用复数形式，故填dynasties。
22．句意：这个小男孩对所有这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )些科目都很感兴趣，尤其是对数学。此处是be interested in“对……感兴趣”，是固定短语，故填interested。
23．句意：这个小男孩对所有这些 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )科目都很感兴趣，尤其是对数学。根据“Zu was best known for his calculation(计算) ofpi (π).”可知，他对数学尤其感兴趣，故填math。
24．句意：他花了很多时间计算出这个值。此处 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是固定句型It took sb some time to do sth，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式。故填It。
25．句意：他花了很多时间计算出这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个值——介于3.1415926和3.1415927之间。结合“3.1415926and 3.1415927”可知，此处指的是between“在……之间”，故填between。
26．句意：为了记住祖，一些数学家建议称π为“祖率”。suggest doing sth“建议做某事”，故填calling。
27．句意：不过，当时的政府官员并不同意祖冲 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之的说法。空格前后表达的是转折关系，且空格后有逗号与后句隔开，应用however，故填However。
28．句意：这位伟大的数学家从未见过他的日历 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )投入使用。根据“Almost ten years after his...the new calendar wasfinally accepted.”可知，此处说的是从未见日历被使用，故填never。
29．句意：在他去世近十年后，新日历终于被接受了。空格前有his修饰，空处用名词形式，故填death。
30．句意：他曾经做过一辆带指针的车。句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子是定语从句，先行词是vehicle，指物，在从句中作主语，应用that/which，故填that/which。
Passage 4
31．beautiful32．what33． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )countries34．went35．shoes36．finding37．hardly38．Even39．these40．in
【分析】
文章主要讲了中国生产的产品遍布世界的事实。
31．句意：你会在日本买相机，在法国买漂亮的衣服，还是在瑞士买手表？空格处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词形式，故填beautiful。
32．句意：不管你买什么，你都可能认为那些 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )产品是在那些国家制造的。根据“Would you buy a camera in Japan, some...clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland”可知，此处指的是不管买什么，用what表示，故填what。
33．句意：不管你买什么，你都可能认为那些产品是在那些国家制造的。空格前有those修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填countries。
34．句意：去年他去拜访了他在旧金山的叔叔和婶婶。时间是“Last year”，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填went。
35．句意：有一次我想买一双篮球鞋。a pair of shoes“一双鞋”，shoes常以复数形式出现，属于复数名词，故填shoes。
36．句意：但我得去五六家商店才能找到一双美国制造的！此处before是介词，后接doing形式，故填finding。21世纪教育网版权所有
37．句意：他意识到美国人很难避免购买中国制造的产品。根据句意可知，此处指的是“几乎不”，应用副词hardly，故填hardly。
38．句意：甚至连美国国旗都是中国制造的！根据句意及语境可知，此处指的是even“甚至”，表示强调，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Even。
39．句意：康健认为，中国 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )如此善于制造这些日常用品，这太棒了。空格处修饰其后的名词“everyday things”，结合“there were many other things there made in China—footballs, handbags, pet food, mobile phones...American flags are made in China!”可知，此处应该用these“这些”表示，故填these。
40．句意：不过，他希望未来中国也能更好地制造出世界各地都能买到的高科技产品。in the future“在将来”，是固定短语，故填in。21·世纪*教育网
Passage 5
41．reading42．tolearn43 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．named44．on45．nine46．shown47．director48．Although/Though49．these50．to
【分析】
文章介绍了有关电视节目《国家宝藏》的一些情况。
41．句意：如果你想了解我们国家的文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )物，你可以考虑参观博物馆或读书。此处是consider doing sth的结构，and并列两部分，前后要保持一致，此处应用doing形式，故填reading。
42．句意：现在有了一种了解文物的新方法。此处是固定短语a way to do sth，空格处应用不定式作后置定语，故填to learn。
43．句意：这是看中央电视台的一个名为《国家 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )宝藏》的节目。根据“a CCTV show...National Treasure”可知，此处说的是节目被叫做……，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
44．句意：《国家宝藏》是周日很受欢迎的节目。具体的某一天前用介词on，故填on。
45．句意：它展示了来自中国9家博物馆的27件珍品。此处表达的是数量，应用基数词，故填nine。
46．句意：2017年12月3日首播后，它很 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )快就流行起来。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空格前有was，此处应用过去分词，构成一般过去时的被动，故填shown。
47．句意：该剧导演于磊说，这让国宝“活了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )起来”。根据“Yu Lei”可知，此处指的是“导演”，是特指《国家宝藏》这个节目的导演，应用单数名词，故填director。
48．句意：虽然这是一场关于旧文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )物的展览，但它看起来很新很现代。“it’s a show about old relics”与“it looks very new and modern”之间是转折关系，应用although/though引导让步状语从句，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Although/Though。
49．句意：它还邀请著名演员在舞台上表演这些故事。根据“stories”可知，此处应该指的是这些故事，故填these。
50．句意：《国家宝藏》将博物馆 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和文物以一种现代而有趣的方式带给人们。此处是bring sth to sb“把某物带给某人”，是固定短语，故填to。
Smiles send us light in the darkness and help to forget sadness.
1．______ of my ye ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars of illness, I have made quite a few visits to the doctor’s office. During those visits, I have noticed how big a 2．______ (different) it makes when a person greets me with a smile. It makes my whole day a little 3．______ (good) and the illness a little easier to bear (忍受)! Besides, it makes me smile at other people and share the pleasure with 4．______ (they).
Once I happened to h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave 5．______ idea: why not let these persons who are only passers-by in my life know how much their smiles really mean to me
After 6．______ (think) about the idea carefully, I realized that it was possible—I can tell them.
So I collected some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )information, 7．______ (sit) down and wrote cards to all the different offices—8．______ the taxi company to the doctor’s office. I’d like to thank them for being so kind and 9．______ (help). As soon as I finished, I couldn’t wait 10．______ (send) the cards.
Though I won’t be th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere to see their faces, I hope they feel happy when they read the cards. I believe that the notes will put smiles on their faces.
答案：
1．Because 2．difference 3．better 4．them 5．an
6．thinking 7．sat 8．from 9．helpful 10．to send
【分析】
作者在多年的求医过程中发现有时一个人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )微笑的问候会给别人带来完全不同的一天，所以他想让他生命中所有的路人都知道他们的微笑对作者来说是多么有意义。
1．
句意：由于多年患病，我已去看了好几次医生。去看了几次医生是因为常年患病，because of因为，句子开头首字母大写。故填Because。
2．
句意：在这些访问中，我注意到当一个人用微笑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )问候我时，会产生多么大的变化。不定冠词a后接different的名词形式difference，意为“区别，不同”。故填difference。
3．
句意：这让我一整天都好过一点，也让我更容易 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )忍受病痛了！程度副词a little后接形容词比较级，good的比较级为better，意为“更好的”。故填better。
4．
句意：此外，它使我对别人微笑，并与他们分享快乐。介词with后接they的宾格形式them，意为“他们”。故填them。
5．
句意：有一次我突然有了一个想法：为什么不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )让这些在我生命中只是过客的人知道他们的微笑对我有多重
题源: https://www. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
Facebook与TikTok展开毫不留情的斗争
Facebook in 'bare-knuckle' fight with TikTok
The "bare-knuckle" c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ampaign allegedly included placing opinion pieces and letters to the editor in US regional news outlets "promoting dubious stories about alleged TikTok trends that actually originated on Facebook", the Post journalists wrote.
《华盛顿邮报》的记者写道，据称，这场“毫无 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )底线”的运动包括在美国地区新闻媒体上刊登评论文章和致编辑的信，“宣扬有关所谓TikTok‘热搜’的可疑故事，而这些‘热搜’实际上出自Facebook”。
重点词汇
1. bare-knuckle /b r n k l/ 激烈而毫不留情的 He can handle himself in a bare-knuckle fight.
2. allegedly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/ led / 据称 She allegedly used a voice changer when ringing her.
3. dubious / du .b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i. s/ 可疑的 These claims are dubious and not scientifically proven.
中考时文阅读-天空课堂
On Dec. 9, 2021, three Chinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, who are working abroad the Tiangong space station, showed millions of students their life there. They also did some fun science experiments. Let’s take a look at some of them.
Use it or lose it
The human body gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ows with the pull of Earth’s gravity (重力). But in space, our bones and muscles (肌肉) don’t need to sustain our body’s weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. NASA says that astronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after just a couple of weeks. That is dangerous because they will be too weak to work.
Astronauts have differ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent ways to prevent this. During the lecture, Zhai introduced a special uniform Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”. There are many elastic bands (弹力带) inside the suit. Wearing it, astronauts use their muscles to stretch the bands. This keeps their muscles strong.
▲
During anothe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r experiment, Wang made a water film (膜). Then she added more water drops onto the film to make it a water ball. This can never happen on Earth. Why
We need to f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )irst understand the surface tension (表面张力) of water. It is like a “skin” of water. The “skin” is there because water molecules (分子) are drawn to each other. Most of the time, gravity is too strong and it breaks the “skin”. But with zero gravity in space, the “skin” stays strong and the water ball will not break.
Water in space acts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) differently from water on Earth in other ways. For example, water will not flow downward if you try to pour it into a cup. That’s why astronauts usually drink water through straws in sealed bags.
1．What can we learn about the lecture from space
A．It is a part of the astronauts’ daily work.
B．It took place in the International Space Station.
C．It is one of the astronauts’ ways to ask for help.
D．It took place 400 kilometers above Earth.
2．What does the underlined word “they” in the passage refer to
A．Astronauts B．muscles C．bones D．bodies
3．Which of the foll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owing is the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in the passage
A．Space water is valuable B．Space water is different
C．Space water is important D．Space water is common
4．What’s the writer’s purpose in this passage
A．To raise people’s interest in space exploration.
B．To explain the importance of space experiments.
C．To ask readers to do more science experiments.
D．To introduce the space lecture given by Chinese astronauts.
【答案】 1-4．DABD
【短文分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述中国宇航员在地球上空400千米的地方举行的太空讲座。
【答案解析】
【第1题】细节理解题。根据第一段“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) three Chinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth”可知，讲座发生在地球以上400千米的地方。D选项表述正确。故选D。
【第2题】 词义猜测题。根据前文“ as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tronauts can lose up to 20 percent of their muscles after just a couple of weeks”可知，宇航员在一两周之后就会失去高达20%的肌肉。根据“ too weak to work”可知，句子表达宇航员太虚弱不能工作。“they”指的是“astronauts”。故选A。
【第3题】推理判断题。根据“This ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can never happen on Earth”及“Water in space acts differently from water on Earth in other ways”可知，讲述的是太空的水和地球上的水的行动方式不同。小标题可概括为“Space water is different太空的水是不同的”。故选B。
【第4题】推理判断题。文章的目的是为了讲述中国宇航员在地球上空400千米的地方举行的太空讲座。
Chinese astronauts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu gave a science lecture(讲座) from China’s space station to students on Earth on December 9th, 2021. The class began at 3:40 p.m., with a total of 1,420 students attending the lecture from five classrooms across China. The primary classroom is in China Science and Technology Museum. Classrooms have also been set up in Nanning, Wenchuan, Hong Kong and Macao. Tens of millions of students across China watched the hour long televised event.
Shenzhou-13 mem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bers gave the students a tour of the living and working areas of the space station. They showed the students how to increase their strength with their exercise equipment(设备), introduced a specially designed spacesuit and performed experiments. Ye, who is on his first spaceflight, showed how he moved in the weightless environment. They also answered questions from students during the lecture.
It was the first le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cture of the Tiangong Class. More lectures will be held and presented by Chinese astronauts. Such activities are held to spread knowledge and encourage a love for science among young people.
Shi Yi, a physics tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cher in Beijing, said the space lecture was an eye-opening experience that would ignite(点燃) students’ interest in science.
Wang Yihan, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fifth-grade student, said, “The experiments really surprised me. I have great interest in spaceflight and would like to take part in our country’s space program in the future.”
Vincent Wong, headm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aster of Hong Kongs Pui Kiu College, said the event gave Hong Kong students an opportunity to communicate with the astronauts. “It also helped to strengthen their national identity(认同) as they saw the rapid development of our country’s space technology,” he said.
1．The astronauts held the live class ______ ______ space station.
2．We can know about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that the astronauts show how they ______ and ______ from the second paragraph.
3．The ______underlined word “presented” in paragraph 3 means ______.
4．The writer mention ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the three viewers in the last three paragraphs ______ he wants to show that the class is ______.
5．More ______ of the T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iangong Class will be held and presented by Chinese astronauts ______ knowledge and encourage a love for science among young people.
【答案】
1. On, China’s 2. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )live, work 3.underlined, given 4.because, meaningful 5.lectures , to spread
2. 【短文分析】
本文主要讲述了翟志刚，王亚平，叶光富三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )位宇航员在太空上实时授课，向学生展示如何使用运动器材增强力量，介绍了一套特别设计的宇航服，并进行了实验。展示了自己在失重环境中如何移动。他们还在讲座中回答了学生的问题，本文也分别介绍了学生和老师对这次讲座的评价。
中考新题型短文语法填空解题技巧指导
一．解题步骤：
1，快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；
2，上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；
3，通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。
二．解题思路：
1.有提示词
首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。
（1）如果需要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。
如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。
若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是to do, doing还是done的形式。
（2）如果需要填入名词，我们则需要根据我们的积累，加上正确的词缀，并判断是否有单复数的变化。
通常情况下，作主语，及物动词或介词的宾语，形容词或物主代词之后，冠词+（形容词）后以及表示数量的词后要用名词。
（3）. 如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。
2.无提示词。
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。
(1).名词前面一般用冠词，形容词性物主代词或介词等。
(2).缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。常考的代词包括：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词。
做题时，先要通过翻译句子来确定该空格处所缺的意思，从而确定用哪一种代词，再通过平时积累的语法知识，来判断代词的准确使用。
（3）. 若两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等。
（4）. 若两个句子之间没有分号或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是句号；若一个句子包含在另一个句子里面，或一个句子位于逗号之后，则应该填连词，多为从属连词that, who, which, if,unless, though, because, when, until等。
中考新题型-语法填空解题技巧
01名词形式变化
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例：There are many s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tudents living at school，the______ (child) houses are all far from school.
由students一词可以判断出横线处 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。
02 动词的形式变化
动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。2·1·c·n·j·y
例：A talk_______ (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
句中的is written是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given.
03 代词形式变化
代词形式变化通常是与人称变 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。
例：The king decided to see the painter by ________(he).
由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
04 形容词、副词比较级变化
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和.est，或在词前more/less和most/least，且形容词的级还要冠以the。
例：I am _____ (tall)tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．
此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
05 数词形式变化
数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式 once／twice21*cnjy*com
例：To my three ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half，my second son shall take a _______(three).
从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。
06 词的派生
词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。
例：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，so he was very____(happiness)．
在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un，就成了unhappy。
07 固定短语结构
根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。（这种往往没有提示词，难度也会更大一些）
例1：The children w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy.
从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
例2：His boss was____angry as to fire him．
如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to...，所以，so是正解。
08 从句引导词
从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
例1：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．
审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
例2：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．
经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who，在定语从句中做主语。
09 短语动词结构
短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
例1：The US consists____fifty states．
根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由......组成”，所以答案是of。
例2：Mrs Baker was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take_____of her．
ask for live请假，生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
10 短语介词结构
短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。
例1：Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。
11 连词、关联短语结构
常用的连词有and，or，but，so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both…and...，either…or...，neither…nor...，not only…but also...等。
例1：Little Wang Ju ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．
此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。
12 冠词、介词和常用的副词
冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等。
例1：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．
这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。
例2：Old Tom’s grand daughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．
Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
13 上下文中出现的相关词
这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。
答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
例：Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
典例剖析1
（2021·四川广元·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
Winter Olymp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ics is also 1．__________ (call) the White Olympics. International Olympic Committee (IOC国际奥委会) handed the 2022 Olympic events to Beijing 2．__________ July31, 2015. The IOC saw it as a wise 3．______ (choose). Beijing will be the first city to host both summer 4．__________ winter Games in the world after it hosted the2008 summer Olympics.
Thousands of Chin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese people, 5．__________ (especial) teenagers, are interested in winter sports because they can get a lot of fun from it. People all think that 6．__________ (host) the 2022 Olympic Winter Games will encourage more young people 7． __________ (join) in ice and snow sports. The Bird’s Nest Stadium and the Water Cube will again welcome the sports 8．__________ (love) from home and abroad. We believe that Chinese people will show 9．__________ excellent Olympics to the world. We are sure that people all over the world will enjoy 10__________． (they) during the Games. Let’s look forward to it!
【答案】
1．called 2．on 3．choice 4．and 5．especially
6．hosting 7．to join 8．lovers 9．an 10．themselves
【剖析】
文章介绍了有关冬奥会举办城市——北京的一些情况，包括人们对此的期待以及对在北京举办冬奥会的评价等。
1．句意：冬奥会也被称为白色奥运会。空格前有is，此处的动词应用过去分词，构成一般现在时的被动结构，故填called。21*cnjy*com
2．句意：2015年7月31日， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )国际奥委会将2022年奥运会项目移交给北京。结合“July31, 2015”可知，具体的某一天前用介词on，故填on。
3．句意：国际奥委会认为这是一个明 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )智的选择。空格前a wise是修饰空处，所以空处应填名词，choose是动词，名词是choice，故填choice。
4．句意：北京将成为200 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )8年夏季奥运会后世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。结合“both summer...winter Games”可知，此处是both...and...“两者都”结构，故填and。
5．句意：成千上万的中国人，特别是青少年，对冬季运动感兴趣。此处是强调“特别是”青少年，应用副词形式，故填especially。
6．句意：人们都认为举办2022年冬季奥运会将鼓励更多的年轻人参加冰雪运动。空处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式，故填hosting。
7．句意：人们都认为举办202 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2年冬季奥运会将鼓励更多的年轻人参加冰雪运动。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，是固定结构，故填tojoin。
8．句意：鸟巢和水立方将再次欢迎来自国内外的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )体育爱好者。结合句意可知，此处指的是体育爱好者，应用名词lover“爱好者”，此处泛指国内外所有的体育爱好者，名词应用复数形式，故填lovers。
9．句意：我们相信，中国人民将向世界 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )展示一届精彩的奥运会。此处是泛指“一届精彩的奥运会”，应用不定冠词修饰，excellent是元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰，故填an。
10．句意：我们相信全世 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )界的人都会在奥运会期间玩得很开心。此处表达的是“玩的开心”，用enjoy oneself表示，故填themselves。
典例剖析2
Bike to Work ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Day was started by the League of American Bicyclists in 1956 with __1__ aim of promoting the bicycle as a serious choice of getting to and from work. It is __2__ (annual) held across North America on the third Friday of May. In today's world __3__ global warming is a serious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon footprint. Cycling to work is a healthy alternative __4__ driving or taking public transport. It can not only save you money but also enable you to be more __5__ (create) once you get to work, thus improving your performance.
Bicycles are the m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ost common form of transport in the world and there are about two billion in use worldwide, __6__ (make) the bicycle the most popular invention ever. When we think of some countries, like the Netherlands, we imagine __7__ (hundred) of people cycling everywhere. Even in high -tech Japan, it is impossible not __8__ (see) businessmen, farmers, mothers or workers in the streets on their bikes. Bicycles __9__ (invent) in the 19th century and haven't changed much since. Today, we use bicycles for pleasure, fitness, Olympic competitions, mail __10__ (deliver) and lots more. Without the bicycle, much of the world might stop working!
答案与解析
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Bike to Work Day的由来以及骑自行车的好处等。
1．the
考查冠词。此处特指创立Bike to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Work Day的宗旨，故填the。with the aim of doing sth.“以做某事为目标，旨在做某事”。
2．annually
考查副词。修饰动词held应用副词。annually“一年一次地”。
3．where
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，先行词为today's world，故填where。
4．to
考查介词。alternative在此作名词，意为“可供选择的事物”，常与介词to搭配使用。
5．creative
考查形容词。根据空前的“to be more”可知，此处应用形容词。creative“有创造力的”。
6．making
考查非谓语动词。自行车是世界上最常见的交 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )通工具，全世界在使用中的自行车约有二十亿辆，这使得自行车成为有史以来最受欢迎的发明。make与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。
7．hundreds
考查名词复数。hundreds of表示“数以百计的，很多的”，是固定用法。
8．to see
考查非谓语动词。此处考查的是“it is＋adj.＋to do”句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。
9．were invented
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。自行车是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在19世纪被发明的。根据时间状语“in the 19th century”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时；又因Bicycles为复数，且和invent之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填were invented。
10．delivery
考查名词。分析句子结构可知，mail与空处构成名词词组，在句中作介词for的宾语，故应填名词delivery“传送，递送”。21教育网
实战演练
Passage1
Susan was tired of ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ving her three children talk back to her. One day, she climbed into her kids’ tree house. It was 1．________ Good place, she thought, for a mother to go on strike（罢工）. She was tired of 2．________ (drive) them everywhere without thanks and doing more than her share of the work around the house.Until 3．________ (thing) changed, Susan decided to stay up in the tree.www.21-cn-jy.com
Susan’s strike ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )got her kids’ attention, 4． ________ course. But that was not all that happened. Word of the fed-up mother spread. Before long, a camera crew from television’s Today Show came into their yard. Now people all across America were going to find 5．________ who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.
As the cameras wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rked,the three kids stood with their father near the tree house. Kate, the Today Show host, had a question for 6．________ (they). “What do you think about your mom on strike in that tree house ” she asked.
“I am kind of embarrassed,” said Misty.
“I’m really sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ocked,“said Joseph. “I did not think it would go this far. My mom is much 7． ________ (crazy) than we thought.”【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Rachel added, “I think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) mom is so strange 8．________ I can hardly believe it.”
But Susan had made he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r point. If the kids 9． ________ (want) her back, they should know what to do. When the TV crew left, the kids went into their house 10．________ (quick) and got busy. Not long after that Susan climbed down from the tree and went back to being a mom.
Passage 2
A bookstore in Kao ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hsiung got international attention after CNN reported on the unusual decoration（装饰）in it. The store, Wuguan Books,is known as 11． ________ “experimental bookstore”because of the dark lighting used to show the books on sale. Wuguan Books 12．________ (lie)at Pier-2 Culture Center, which is full 13．________ special cafés and exhibits. The bookstore is almost 14．________ (complete) dark, except for the shelves（书架） of books.There are over 400 shelves of books in the store, with many 15．________ (light) placed around books. It appears as if books themselves are lighting up the darkness.
The bookstore 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6．________ (create) by Chu Chih-kung not long ago, with the purpose of increasing people’s senses when 17．________ read books. Su Yu-shan, the 18． ________ (manage) of the store, says the environment can help people learn to do “soul（灵魂）reading” by 19．________ （provide） a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention. 20． ________ it might not be for everyone,Wuguan Books creates a very different kind of environment from most bookstores.
Passage3
According to a recent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )survey, violence(暴力) did happenin schools. Students showed 21．________ (they) fear and parents and teachers also expressed their worries about it. Experts hope that 22．________ whole society pay more attention to the mental health of teenagers.
Nowadays, sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool violence is a hot problem. I think this is also a big problem 23．________ need our great attention. We should make every effort to prevent violence 24．________ (happen) at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 25．________ (safe) couldn’t be guaranteed.
In fact, viol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ence can 26．________ (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from what they see on television or on the Internet.
If I meet with sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to 27．________ (much) fighting. If I meet with school violence, I 28．________ (tell) my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from bad 29． ________ (guy).
All in all, every st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udent should behave well and keep away 30．________ violence.
基础练
Passage 1
1．a2．driving3．things4．of5．out6．them7．crazier8．that9．wanted10．quickly
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一位妈妈因为厌倦为家庭付出太多，而收不到任何感谢，一怒之下进行了罢工。后来随着《今日秀》摄制组的到来，事情有了转变。
1．句意：她想，这是一个母亲进行罢 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )工的好地方。句中“place”为单数可数名词，“good”以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
2．句意：她厌倦了开车带着他们到处 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )走，却不向她表示道谢，也厌倦了做太多她该做的家务。be tired of doing sth.厌倦做某事，of为介词，后面跟v-ing形式，故填driving。
3．句意：直到事情发生变化，苏珊决定留在树上。句中“thing”意为“事情”，为可数名词，根据句意知应用复数形式，故填things。
4．句意：当然，苏珊的罢工引 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )起了孩子们的注意。由前句“Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention”和句中“course”可知，此句是说苏珊的罢工当然引起了孩子们的注意。of course当然，为固定短语，故填of。
5．句意：现在全美国的人都要找出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是谁把孩子的妈妈送上了树。由句中“who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.”可知，此句是说全美国的人正打算找出谁把孩子的妈妈送上树。find out弄明白，查清楚，故填out。
6．句意：《今日秀》的主持人凯特问了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他们一个问题。由句中“had a question”可知，此句是说向某人提问。句中“for”为介词，后面跟代词宾格，故填them。
7．句意：我妈妈比我们想象的要疯狂得多。crazy疯狂的，形容词，由句中“than”可知，应用比较级，故填crazier。
8．句意：雷切尔补充说:“我觉得妈妈太奇怪了，我简直不敢相信。”so...that...如此……以至于……，为固定句型，故填that。
9．句意：如果孩子们想要她回来，他们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )应该知道做什么。句中“if”如果，引导条件状语从句。这里是按正常情况“退一步说”，与现在的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，从句中用一般过去时，故填wanted。
10．句意：当摄制组离开后，孩子们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )迅速进入他们的房子，开始忙碌起来。句中“went into”为动词短语，应用副词修饰。quick快的，形容词，其副词形式为quickly，意为“快地”，故填quickly。
Passage 2
11．an12．lies13．of1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )4．completely15．lights16．wascreated17．they18．manager19．providing
20．Although/Though/While
【分析】
本文主要介绍了高雄一家书店不同寻常的装潢，引起了国际关注，并详细介绍了这家书店——五官书店的基本信息。【版权所有：21教育】
11．句意：这家名为五官书店的商店 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )因用于展示在售书籍的黑暗灯光而被称为“实验书店”。“experimental bookstore”是名词，并且此处表示泛指，一个，“experimental”是以元音音素开头的单词，故用“an”。故填an。
12．句意：五官书店位于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )二号码头文化中心……。根据“The store, Wuguan Books, is known…”可知，空格所在句为一般现在时，主语“Wuguan Books”是第三人称单数，谓语用动词的三单形式，“lie”的三单形式是“lies”。故填lies。
13．句意：五官书店位于二号码头文化中心，这里到处都是特别的咖啡馆和展品。be full of充满。故填of。
14．句意：除了书架上的书 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，书店几乎一片漆黑。空格处修饰形容词“dark”，填副词，“complete”的副词形式是“completely”。故填completely。
15．句意：这家商店有400多个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )书架，书的周围放着许多灯。“many”后接可数名词复数，“light”的复数是“lights”。故填lights。
16．句意：这家书店是朱志功不久前 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )创办的……。根据“by Chu Chih-kung not long ago”可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词，主语“The bookstore”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“create”的过去分词是“created”。故填wascreated。
17．句意：这家书店是朱志功不久前创 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )办的，目的是增加人们读书时的感觉。根据“with the purpose of increasing people’s senses”可知，空格处表达“他们”读书时的感觉，空格处作主语，用主格，they他们。故填they。
18．句意：这家书店的经理苏玉山… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…。“the”后接名词，根据“Su Yu-shan”可知，空格处填单数名词，“manage”的名词是“manager”。故填manager。【出处：21教育名师】
19．句意：这家书店的经理苏玉山说，环 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )境可以帮助人们通过每一本吸引人注意力的书来提供一种私人体验，从而学会“心灵阅读”。“by”是介词，后接动名词，“provide”的动名词是“providing”。故填providing。
20．句意：虽然不是每个人都适合 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，但是五官书店创造了一种与大多数书店截然不同的环境。分析空格所在句的前后句可知，该句为让步状语从句，可用“Although/Though/While”引导。故填Although/Though/While。
Passage 3
21．their22．t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he23．which/that24．happening25．safety26．belearned27．more28．will tell29．guys30．from
【分析】
本文主要关于校园暴力，呼吁大家重视校园暴力问题并提出了面对校园暴力时的做法。
21．句意：学生表现出恐惧，家长和老师也 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表达了他们的担忧。they他们，人称代词主格，此处指代“Students”；根据空后的“fear”可知，此处填形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
22．句意：专家们希望全社会更加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )关注青少年的心理健康。根据空后的“whole society”可知，此处可填入定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。2-1-c-n-j-y
23．句意：我认为这也是一个需要 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们高度关注的大问题。本句为定语从句，先行词为“a big problem”，指物，在从句中作主语，可填that或which。故填which/that。
24．句意：我们应该尽一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。happen发生，动词；prevent...(from)doing...阻止……做……。故填happening。
25．句意：我们应该尽一切努力 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。safe安全的，形容词；根据“personal”可知，此处填一个名词，safe的名词为safety。故填safety。
26．句意：事实上，暴力是可以 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )被学来的。learn学习，动词；“violence”与“learn”为被动关于，空前有can，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词 + be done。故填be learned。
27．句意：如果我遇到学校暴力，我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )不会用暴力来回应暴力，因为暴力会导致更多的打斗。根据“If I meet with school violence, I will not answerviolence with violence, for it will lead to...fighting.”可知，用暴力来回应暴力，会导致更多的打斗，填much的比较级形式more。故填more。
28．句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我会告诉 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我的老师或家长。本句为If引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”的原则，从句为一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时。故填will tell。
29．句意：我想他们会帮我处理好的，他们会保护我不受坏人的伤害。guy家伙，可数名词，此处应填其复数形式。故填guys。
30．句意：总之，每个学生都应该表现良好，远离暴力。keep away from表示“远离”，此处表示远离暴力。故填from.
提升练
Passage 1
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过三个单词），并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
How many backpa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cks have you owned since you went to school Backpacks 1．_______ (become) common and popular among students in the past 30 years. If your backpacks become old, will you just treat them as rubbish and throw them away Five years ago, a research 2．_______ (show) that 85% of the old backpacks ended up in rubbish. But as we know, most backpacks are produced from different 3．_______ (material). If we throw them away, they will be harmful 4．_______ our environment.
Although some of th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e old backpacks are no longer of their right color or size, there are still many things you can do with them. Here are some 5．_______ (use) ways for you. For example, do you feel it difficult to find 6．_______ (you) tools in the house You can solve this problem by 7．_______ (make) use of your old backpacks to store all kinds of tools. Also,it is 8．_______wonderful idea that you can put your old backpacks online for sale. Besides,offering your backpacks to other poor kids is another good choice, as those old backpacks may make their life 9．_______ (convenient) than before.
All in all, old back ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )packs are still of great value as long as we put them into use 10．_______ (wise). Remember: rubbish can be turned into treasures!
Passage 2
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In an old buil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ding in peking University, a yellow light shone into the old and dark hours of the night. The famous translator Xu Yuanchong 11．_______ (sit) behind the window and staring at the computer screen. He enjoyed working by 12．_______(he) from 10:00 p. m. to 4:00a. m. For him, the quiet night was a 13．_______(value) time to focus on translation. He was exploring how 14．_______(spread) Chinese culture abroad by translating Chinese beauty into Western beauty.
Xu was born ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )into a literary family in Nanchang 15．_______ April 18th, 1921. When he was little, he 16．_______(influence) by his mother who was interested in literature. Xu began to translate Chinese poetry into both English and 17．_______(France) . when he was still a teenager. He soon learned that Chinese and European languages were very different. Only about half of the words in these languages could be translated word-for-word. This is why translators should have 18．_______ creative mind. They are always trying to improve their translations to make sure they are correct and beautiful.
Xu's motto is: Good, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) better; best. Never let it rest. Until your good is better;you’re your better best. 19．_______Xu was widely considered to be the best, he never stopped trying to become better.
The more you learn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and the 20．_______(hard)you study, the better you will become. There is always room for improvement.
Passage 3
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（每空不超过三个词）
Once upon a time,th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere was a man named Lazy. He wanted to have a big house and it took him over a year to build one. The house was so beautiful that all of his 21．_______（neighbor）admired him very much.
But as time went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) by,his house started to have some problems. One day, 22． _______old neighbor went past it and said, “Your house is beautiful, but the grass in the yard is a bit overgrown.”Lazy answered 23．_______（quick）, “I know, but it’s OK. I 24．_______（cut）it tomorrow.”
A few days la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter, a mailman came by with a letter for Lazy. The mailman said, “Sir, your house iswonderful, but the windows are a bit dirty. You can make it more wonderful by25．_______（clean） them.” Lazyreplied reluctantly （不情愿地）, “I know, but it’s OK. I will do that tomorrow.”
Weeks passed by.L ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )azy’s yard was in a mess. The paint was falling down and the windows werecovered with dirt. One day, his brother came over 26．_______（visit）him. He was 27．_______（surprise）at what he saw and scolded him angrily, “Lazy, I know why you’re called Lazy. You’re just 28．_______ your name! What have you done for your house It could fall apart at any second!”
Just the next day,after a heavy rainstorm, Lazy’s house fell down!
There are many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Lazys around 29．_______（we）. Are you lazy, too Have you ever put off “something” to“tomorrow”, “next month” 30．_______ even “next year” It’s much better to just deal with things todaythan to wait until some imaginary（想象的）“tomorrow” that might not actually come.
Passage 4
Hi Alice,
My name’s Zhao Ming ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and I’d like to be your pen friend. I’m 16 years old. I have two little brothers. They’re very 31．_______ (love). I often help my parents look 32．_______ them in my spare time. My mother 33．_______ (work) in a toy shop. She loves 34．_______ (she) job. And my father is 35． _______engineer. He is busy everyday, 36． he tries to spend more time with us.
I’m in the school bas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ketball team. We usually play 37．_______ (match) on Saturday mornings. Last week, we played against another school. They ran 38．_______ (fast) than us. However, we had better teamwork. Finally, we 39．_______ (win)! How happy we were! This is the 40．_______ (eight) time we beat them.
Could you tell me something about you Please write.
Best,
Zhao Ming
Passage 5
阅读下面的短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Ten-year-old ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important. He often practiced it by volunteering with his family. 41．_______, after entering the National Kindness Speech Contest, he became more active in it. Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects which help others. He calls 42．_______ (he) action the Race to Kindness.
After 43．_______ teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er told him about the contest, Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize 44． _______record his speech. In it, he talked 45．_______ the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it.” Orion said. He encourages 46．_______ (listener) to join him in “the race of kindness” by doing small, kind acts for others. Orion’s speech won the contest. He used his $500 prize 47．_______ (collect) 619 toys for a local children’s hospital. After that,Orion wanted to make an even 48．_______ (big) influence. In charity he packed meal boxes for people in need including a kind message for each receiver.
Orion says, “If ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) someone is treated 49．_______ (kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else. And then it just 50． (grow) and makes the world a better place.”
提升练
Passage 1
1．havebecome2．showed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )3．materials4．to5．useful6．your7．making8．a9．moreconvenient10．wisely
【分析】
本文主要提供了几条合理利用旧书包的建议。
1．句意：在过去的30年里，书包 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )已经在学生中变得普遍和受欢迎。根据“in the past 30 years”可知，此处要用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语是复数形式，助动词用have，故填have become。
2．句意：五年前，一项研究 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )显示，85%的旧书包最终变成了垃圾。根据“Five years ago”可知，此句要用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填showed。
3．句意：但正如我们所知，大多数背包是用不同的材料制作的。different后接复数名词，故填materials。21教育名师原创作品
4．句意：如果我们把它们扔掉，它们会对我们的环境有害。固定搭配：be harmful to sth“对……有害”，故填to。
5．句意：这里有一些对你有用的方法。此空修饰名词ways，要用形容词作定语，故填useful。
6．句意：例如，你是否觉得在家里找工具很困难？此空修饰名词tools，要用形容词性物主代词，故填your。
7．句意：你可以通过使用你的旧书包来存放各种工具来解决这个问题。by是介词，后接动名词，故填making。
8．句意：另外，把你的旧书包放到网上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )出售也是一个好主意。此处表示“一个好主意”，表泛指，且wonderful是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
9．句意：因为那些旧书包可能 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )使他们的生活比以前更方便。根据“than”可知，此处要用比较级。make sth+形容词，“使某物……”，此空应填形容词比较级，故填more convenient。
10．句意：总之，只要我们明智地使用旧背包，它们仍然是很有价值的。此空修饰动词use，要用副词，故填wisely。
Passage 2
11．wassitting12．himse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lf13．valuable14．to spread15．on16．wasinfluenced17．French18．a19．Although/Though21cnjy.com
20．harder
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述许渊冲的生平，他的日常生活和翻译心得。
11．句意：著名的翻译家许渊 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )冲正坐在窗后认真看着电脑屏幕。句子讲述的是过去的事情。根据“ and staring”可知是过去进行时，主语是单数，谓语动词用 “was sitting”。故填was sitting。
12．句意：他喜欢从下午十点独 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )自工作到凌晨四点。句子用“by oneself”表示“独自”，主语是 “he”可知用反身代词 “himself”。故填himself。
13．句意：对于他来说，安静的夜晚是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个宝贵的时间可以关注在翻译上。名词“time”前用形容词修饰，表示“宝贵的”用形容词“valuable”作定语。故填valuable。
14．句意：他正在探索怎样通过翻译 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中文成英文，把中国的文化扩散到国外。句子用“疑问词+动词不定式”，表示 “怎样扩散”用 “to spread”。故填to spread。
15．句意：许渊冲于1921年4月18日出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生于南昌的一个书香门第。根据“April 18th, 1921”可知表示具体的某一天，用介词“on”。故填on。
16．句意：当他小的时候，他受他的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )母亲影响，他的母亲对文化很兴趣。根据“was”可知是一般过去时，根据“by”可知主语和动词之间是被动关系，主语是单数，谓语动词用“was influenced“。故填was influenced。
17．句意：当许渊冲还是一个青少年的时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )候，他开始把中国的诗歌翻译成英语和法语。根据“ both English and “可知用表示语言的名词形成并列。表示 “法语”用名词“French”。故填French。
18．句意：这是为什么翻译者应该 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有一个创造性的头脑。名词“mind”表示“头脑”是可数名词，“creative”是辅音音素开始的单词，用不定冠词”a”。故填a。
19．句意：尽管许渊冲被大家认为是最 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )好的，他从没停止尝试变得更好。根据“Xu was widely considered to be the best, he never stopped trying to become better.”可知前后是转折关系，用连词“though”或“although”表示 “尽管”。故填Although/Though。
20．句意：你学得越多，学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )得越努力，你会变得越好。句子是“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。根据“and”可知用 “the+副词的比较级”与“The more ”并列。“hard”的比较级形式是 “harder”。故填harder。
Passage 3
21．neighbors22．an23．qu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ickly24．willcut25．cleaning26．to visit27．surprised28．like 29．us30．or
【分析】
从前有个名叫懒惰的人，他总是把事情推到明天，直到有一天一场暴风雨将他的房子吹倒。这个故事告诉我们不要“明日复明日”。
21．句意：房子很漂亮，所有的邻居都很羡慕他。此前有all修饰，使用名词复数，故填neighbors。
22．句意：一天，一个老邻居从这里经过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，对他说:“你家很漂亮，但是院子里的草长得太茂盛了。”此处泛指一位老人，old首字母发元音音素，故填an。
23．句意：懒汉很快回答道：“我知道，但是没关系。”用于句中修饰动词answered，用副词形式，故填quickly。
24．句意：我明天再剪。根据“tomorrow”可知，用一般将来时will do结构，故填will cut。
25．句意：你打扫它们可以使它更棒。by是介词，其后加动名词作宾语，故填cleaning。
26．句意：一天，他的哥哥来看他。根据“h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is brother came over…him”可知，此处表示目的，用动名词形式，故填tovisit。
27．句意：他很惊讶，生气地责备了他。此处在句中作表语，修饰人，用-ed形容词形式，故填surprised。
28．句意：你就像你的名字一样！根据“You ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’re just…your name!”可知，此处是be like短语，意为“像”，故填like。
29．句意：我们周围有很多懒人。around是介词，其后加宾格作宾语，故填us。
30．句意：你有没有把“某事”推迟到“明天”、“下个月”甚至“明年”？前后表示并列关系，“或者”符合语境，故填or。
Passage 4
31．lovely32．after33 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．works34．her35．an36．but37．matches38．faster39．won40．eighth
【分析】
本文是赵明写给爱丽丝的信，信中介绍了自己的家人以及学校篮球队的情况。
31．句意：他们非常可爱 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据“I have two little brothers.”可知，此处修饰两个小弟弟，在句中作表语，故填lovely。
32．句意：在我的业余时间，我经常帮助 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我的父母照顾他们。根据“I often help my parents look…them in my sparetime.”可知，此处是look after“照顾”，故填after。
33．句意：我妈妈在玩具店工作。本句陈述客观事实，时态是一般现在时，主语是My mother，谓语动词用三单，故填works。
34．句意：她热爱她的工作。此处作定语修饰 job，用形容词性物主代词，故填her。
35．句意：我父亲是一名工程师。此处表泛指，用不定冠词，engineer首字母发元音音素，故填an。
36．句意：他每天都很忙，但他试着花更多的时间和我们在一起。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
37．句意：我们通常在星期六上午比赛。此处不单指一场比赛，表示复数含义，用名词复数，故填matches。
38．句意：他们跑得比我们快。根据“than”可知，此处用副词比较级，故填faster。
39．句意：最后，我们赢了！根据“Last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填won。
40．句意：这是我们第八次打败他们。此处作定语修饰time，用序数词，故填eighth。
Passage 5
41．However42．h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is43．a44．and45．about46．listeners47．tocollect48．bigger49．kindly50．grows
【分析】
本文讲述了一位十岁的小男孩从小就认为善良很重要，直到现在他还在致力于把善良传播到世界各地。
41．句意：然而，在参加 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )全国慈善演讲比赛后，他变得更加积极。结合句意，前后句为转折关系，空格后有逗号，所以用转折连词however，句首首字母要大写，故填However。
42．句意：他将自己的行 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动称为“走向善良的竞赛”。空格处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词，he他，是人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词为his，故填his。
43．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。根据句意，这里指一位老师，所以用不定冠词，teacher以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
44．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。句中write，memorize和record是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
45．句意：在演讲中，他谈到了善良的重要性。talk about sth.意为“谈论某事”，结合句意，故填about。
46．句意：他鼓励听众和他一起参加“走向善良 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的竞赛”，为他人做一些小而善良的行动。listener听众，是可数名词，结合句意，此处应用复数形式listeners，故填listeners。
47．句意：他用500美元 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的奖金为当地一家儿童医院收集了619件玩具。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，故填tocollect。
48．句意：在那之后，奥瑞恩想要产生更大的影响。句中even修饰形容词的比较级，big的比较级为bigger，故填bigger。
49．句意：如果有人被善待 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，它可以使他们的一天更光明，并鼓励该人对别人好。空格处修饰动词treated，应用副词形式，kind善良的，是形容词，其副词形式为kindly，故填kindly。
50．句意：然后它就会成长，让世界变得更美好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。根据后面的并列动词makes和主语it可知，谓语动词grow用单三形式grows，故填grows。
真题练
Passage 1（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）
用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
Hello, Lingling!
My music lesson last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )week 1．_______ (be)amazing! We’ve got a Chinese exchange student at our school, and he joined 2．_______ (we) in the band practice. He had an amazing instrument from China. I can’t remember what it 3．_______ (name), but it has two strings, and is a bit like a violin. It sounded amazing! Do you know what it could be
I also want 4．_______ (know) why Chinese musical ways sounds so 5．_______ (relax) and calm to me. Do you have any recommendations for different types of Chinese music I can listen to The school holidays 6．_______ (come) soon. Perhaps, over the holidays, I can learn a lot 7．_______ (much) about Chinese music.
I 8_______． (start) l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )essons in Physics and Chemistry already. I’m 9．_______ (real) excited because I love these 10．_______ (subject).
I look forward to hearing back from you!
Sandy
Passage 2 （2021·湖北天门·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earth — our home a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd our planet, is a truly amazing place to live. Think about so many kinds of lives living on Earth. If you have ever flown on a plane, you’ve 11．_______ (get) a new respect（尊重） for Earth.
Earth is the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )planet known to support life. The 12．_______ (difference) in life forms on Earth are far more than our imagination. On the one hand, there are tiny microbes（微生物）and they can only 13．_______ (see) through a microscope. On the other hand, there are 30-metre long whales that swim through our oceans,covering 14．_______ (thousand) of miles in their ravels.
We have mount ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ains 15．_____ （near）ten kilometers high and valleys（峡谷）many kilometers deep. The 16．______ (deep) valleys of all are underwater. These undersea valleys can reach 11 kilometers in depth. And yet, even under the pressure of the water at that depth, life still exists. Look at the trees around you. Some trees are over 100 meters tall. That looks 17．_____ a 30-storey building! And they can be 1,000 years old. We have soft grass 18．______ (walk) on, and trees with needles（针叶）so sharp that they can make your finger bleed if you touch them.
But the most amazin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g thing about this planet is the people. There are more than seven billion people19．________ (live)on this planet. We live in different places and speak different languages, 20． we live on the same planet and enjoy the same sun, the same air and the same water.
Earth — our only home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),our great planet. Humans really are so lucky to have such a wonderful place to call home.
Passage 3 （2021·湖南衡阳·中考真题）
Zu Chongzhi was one o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fthe greatest mathematicians(数学家) in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern 21．________ ( dynasty). From a young age,Zu was taught natural science, astronomy(天文学), math and so on. The little boy was 22．_______ ( interest) in all of these subjects, especially in 23．_______ .
Zu was best known f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orhis calculation(计算) of pi (π).According to the record, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. 24．_______ took him lots of time to workout the value — 25．_______ 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to do better than Zu. And now the achievement is still praised by people around the world.In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians suggest 26．_______ (call) pi“Zu Lv”.
Zu was successful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) not only in math, but also in astronomy. He worked out that a year should be365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. 27．_______ , government officials at that time did not agree with Zu. The great mathematician 28．_______ saw his calendar put into use. Almost ten years after his 29．_______ (die), the new calendar was finally accepted.
Zu was an inventor,t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oo. He once made a vehicle(车辆) 30．_______ carried a pointer (指针). No matter how the vehicle turned, the pointer always pointed to the south.
Passage 4 （2021·宁夏·中考真题）
阅读下面短文。在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
If you go to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )another country, what kinds of things would you buy Would you buy a camera in Japan,some 31．_______ (beauty) clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland No matter 32．_______ you may buy, you might think those products were made in those 33．_______ (country). However, you could be wrong. Kang Jian is a l7-year-old student from Shanghai. Last year he 34．_______ (go) to visit his aunt and uncle in San Francisco. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. “I wanted to buy a toy car for my cousin, but even though most of the toys are American brands, they were made in China.”
Toys are not th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e only things made in China. “Once I wanted to buy a pair of basketball 35．_______ (shoe).” he explains. “But I had to visit five or six stores before 36．_______ (find)a pair made in America!”He realized that Americans can 37．_______ (hard) avoid buying products made in China. “In fact,” He continues, “there were many other things there made in China—footballs,handbags, pet food, mobile phones. 38．_______ American flags are made in china!” Kang Jian thinks it’s great that China is so good at making 39．_______ (this) everyday things.However, he hopes that 40． the future China will also get better at making high—technology products that people can buy in all parts of the world.
Passage 5 （2021·广西玉林·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Dear Mary,
I’ve already ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) gotten your e-mail. I’m very glad that you are interested in the cultural relics (文物) of China. Let me tell you something about it.
If you want to learn a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bout the cultural relics of our country, you may consider visiting museums or 41．_______ （read）books. Now there is a new way 42．_______ （learn）about the cultural relics. It is to watch a CCTV show 43．_______ （name）National Treasure. Do you want to know more about the new way Just read on.
National Treasur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is a popular show 44．_______ Sunday. It has ten episodes（集）. It shows twenty-seven treasures from 45．_______ （ninth）museums across China. After it was first 46．_______（show）on December 3, 2017, it soon became popular. Yu Lei, the 47．_______ （direct）of the show,said that it made national treasures come “alive”.
48．_______ it’s a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )how about old relics,it looks very new and modern. There is a large LED screen on the stage （舞台）. The screen will show every detail（细节）of the treasures.
The show tells t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he stories and history behind the treasures. It also invites famous actors to act out 49．_______ (this)stories on the stage. The actors even use modern words and sentences in their performances.
A lot of people l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ove the show and they are the fans of National Treasure. One of the fans said,
“National Treasure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )really brings museums and cultural relics 50．_______ people in a modern and interesting way.”
So much for Nation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al Treasure. Let’s talk about itface to face next time. I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours,
He Ting
真题练
Passage 1
1．was2．us3．isna ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )med4．to know5．relaxing6．are coming7．more8．havestarted9．really10．subjects
【分析】
本文是Sandy写给玲玲的信，信中介绍了自己学校的生活。
1．句意：我上周的音乐课太棒了！根据“last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语My music lesson是单数，故填was。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
2．句意：我们学校有一个中国交换生，他加入了我们的乐队练习。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格形式，故填us。
3．句意：我不记得它叫什么名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )字了，但它有两根弦，有点像小提琴。主语it是动作name的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以是一般现在时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词用is，故填is named。
4．句意：我还想知道为什么中国音乐听起来总是那么放松和平静。want to do sth“想要做某事”，故填to know。
5．句意：我还想知道为什么中国音乐听起来总 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是那么放松和平静。此处在句中作表语，修饰Chinese music，用修饰物的形容词，故填relaxing。
6．句意：学校假期快到了。根据“soon”可知，时态是一般将来时，备选词come用现在进行时表将来，主语是复数，故填are coming。21·cn·jy·com
7．句意：也许，在假期里，我可以学到更多关 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于中国音乐的知识。根据“I can learn a lot…about Chinese music.”可知，此处是more about，意为“更多关于”，故填more。
8．句意：我已经开始上物理和化学课了。根 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )据“already”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，故填have started。
9．句意：我真的很兴奋，因为我喜欢这些科目。此处在句中修饰形容词excited，用副词形式，故填really。
10．句意：我真的很兴奋，因为我喜欢这些科目。此前有these修饰，使用名词复数形式，故填subjects。
Passage 2
11．got/gotten1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2．differences13．beseen14．thousands15．nearly16．deepest17．like18．towalk19．living20．but
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。向我们介绍我们唯一的家园——神奇的地球。
11．句意：如果你曾经坐 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过飞机，你会对地球产生新的敬意。根据“you’ve”可知，此处是have done表示现在完成时，get的过去分词是got/gotten，故填got/gotten。
12．句意：地球上生命形 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式的差异远远超出我们的想象。此处在句中作主语，用名词，根据谓语动词are可知，使用名词复数形式，故填differences。
13．句意：一方面，有微小的微生物，它们只 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )能通过显微镜看到。根据“they can only…through a microscope”可知，主语they是动作see的承受者，用can be done结构表被动，故填be seen。
14．句意：另一方面，有30米长的鲸鱼游过 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们的海洋，在它们的裂缝中覆盖数千英里。根据“covering…of miles in their ravels”可知，此处是thousands of短语，意为“成千上万”，故填thousands。
15．句意：我们有将近十公里高的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )山和许多公里深的山谷。根据“We have mountains…ten kilometers high and valleys（峡谷）many kilometers deep.”可知，此处在句中作状语，用副词形式，故填nearly。
16．句意：最深的山谷在水下。根据“of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all are underwater”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，用形容词最高级形式，故填deepest。
17．句意：那看起来像一个30层的建筑！ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )根据“That looks…a 30-storey building!”可知，此处是looklike短语，意为“看起来像”，故填like。
18．句意：我们可以在柔软的草地上行走 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，树上的针非常锋利，如果你碰它们，它们会让你的手指流血。根据“We have soft grass…on”可知，此处作后置定语修饰grass，用动词不定式形式，故填to walk。
19．句意：有70多亿人生活在这个星球上。主语people和动作live之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填living。
20．句意：但我们生活在同一个星球上，享受着相同的太阳、相同的空气、相同的水。此处与前半句构成转折关系，可用but连接，故填but。
Passage 3
21．dynasties22．intere ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sted23．math24．It25．between26．calling27．However28．never29．death30．that/whichwww-2-1-cnjy-com
【分析】
此文讲述了祖冲之是一个伟大的数学家，他从小就对数学有独特的天赋，以及他的生平介绍。
21．句意：他出生于南北朝时期。根据“Northern and Southern”可知，名词应该用复数形式，故填dynasties。
22．句意：这个小男孩对所有这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )些科目都很感兴趣，尤其是对数学。此处是be interested in“对……感兴趣”，是固定短语，故填interested。
23．句意：这个小男孩对所有这些 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )科目都很感兴趣，尤其是对数学。根据“Zu was best known for his calculation(计算) ofpi (π).”可知，他对数学尤其感兴趣，故填math。
24．句意：他花了很多时间计算出这个值。此处 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是固定句型It took sb some time to do sth，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式。故填It。
25．句意：他花了很多时间计算出这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个值——介于3.1415926和3.1415927之间。结合“3.1415926and 3.1415927”可知，此处指的是between“在……之间”，故填between。
26．句意：为了记住祖，一些数学家建议称π为“祖率”。suggest doing sth“建议做某事”，故填calling。
27．句意：不过，当时的政府官员并不同意祖冲 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之的说法。空格前后表达的是转折关系，且空格后有逗号与后句隔开，应用however，故填However。
28．句意：这位伟大的数学家从未见过他的日历 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )投入使用。根据“Almost ten years after his...the new calendar wasfinally accepted.”可知，此处说的是从未见日历被使用，故填never。
29．句意：在他去世近十年后，新日历终于被接受了。空格前有his修饰，空处用名词形式，故填death。
30．句意：他曾经做过一辆带指针的车。句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子是定语从句，先行词是vehicle，指物，在从句中作主语，应用that/which，故填that/which。
Passage 4
31．beautiful32．what33． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )countries34．went35．shoes36．finding37．hardly38．Even39．these40．in
【分析】
文章主要讲了中国生产的产品遍布世界的事实。
31．句意：你会在日本买相机，在法国买漂亮的衣服，还是在瑞士买手表？空格处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词形式，故填beautiful。
32．句意：不管你买什么，你都可能认为那些 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )产品是在那些国家制造的。根据“Would you buy a camera in Japan, some...clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland”可知，此处指的是不管买什么，用what表示，故填what。
33．句意：不管你买什么，你都可能认为那些产品是在那些国家制造的。空格前有those修饰，名词应用复数形式，故填countries。
34．句意：去年他去拜访了他在旧金山的叔叔和婶婶。时间是“Last year”，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填went。
35．句意：有一次我想买一双篮球鞋。a pair of shoes“一双鞋”，shoes常以复数形式出现，属于复数名词，故填shoes。
36．句意：但我得去五六家商店才能找到一双美国制造的！此处before是介词，后接doing形式，故填finding。21世纪教育网版权所有
37．句意：他意识到美国人很难避免购买中国制造的产品。根据句意可知，此处指的是“几乎不”，应用副词hardly，故填hardly。
38．句意：甚至连美国国旗都是中国制造的！根据句意及语境可知，此处指的是even“甚至”，表示强调，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Even。
39．句意：康健认为，中国 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )如此善于制造这些日常用品，这太棒了。空格处修饰其后的名词“everyday things”，结合“there were many other things there made in China—footballs, handbags, pet food, mobile phones...American flags are made in China!”可知，此处应该用these“这些”表示，故填these。
40．句意：不过，他希望未来中国也能更好地制造出世界各地都能买到的高科技产品。in the future“在将来”，是固定短语，故填in。21·世纪*教育网
Passage 5
41．reading42．tolearn43 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．named44．on45．nine46．shown47．director48．Although/Though49．these50．to
【分析】
文章介绍了有关电视节目《国家宝藏》的一些情况。
41．句意：如果你想了解我们国家的文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )物，你可以考虑参观博物馆或读书。此处是consider doing sth的结构，and并列两部分，前后要保持一致，此处应用doing形式，故填reading。
42．句意：现在有了一种了解文物的新方法。此处是固定短语a way to do sth，空格处应用不定式作后置定语，故填to learn。
43．句意：这是看中央电视台的一个名为《国家 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )宝藏》的节目。根据“a CCTV show...National Treasure”可知，此处说的是节目被叫做……，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
44．句意：《国家宝藏》是周日很受欢迎的节目。具体的某一天前用介词on，故填on。
45．句意：它展示了来自中国9家博物馆的27件珍品。此处表达的是数量，应用基数词，故填nine。
46．句意：2017年12月3日首播后，它很 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )快就流行起来。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空格前有was，此处应用过去分词，构成一般过去时的被动，故填shown。
47．句意：该剧导演于磊说，这让国宝“活了 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )起来”。根据“Yu Lei”可知，此处指的是“导演”，是特指《国家宝藏》这个节目的导演，应用单数名词，故填director。
48．句意：虽然这是一场关于旧文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )物的展览，但它看起来很新很现代。“it’s a show about old relics”与“it looks very new and modern”之间是转折关系，应用although/though引导让步状语从句，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Although/Though。
49．句意：它还邀请著名演员在舞台上表演这些故事。根据“stories”可知，此处应该指的是这些故事，故填these。
50．句意：《国家宝藏》将博物馆 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和文物以一种现代而有趣的方式带给人们。此处是bring sth to sb“把某物带给某人”，是固定短语，故填to。
Smiles send us light in the darkness and help to forget sadness.
1．______ of my ye ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ars of illness, I have made quite a few visits to the doctor’s office. During those visits, I have noticed how big a 2．______ (different) it makes when a person greets me with a smile. It makes my whole day a little 3．______ (good) and the illness a little easier to bear (忍受)! Besides, it makes me smile at other people and share the pleasure with 4．______ (they).
Once I happened to h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave 5．______ idea: why not let these persons who are only passers-by in my life know how much their smiles really mean to me
After 6．______ (think) about the idea carefully, I realized that it was possible—I can tell them.
So I collected some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )information, 7．______ (sit) down and wrote cards to all the different offices—8．______ the taxi company to the doctor’s office. I’d like to thank them for being so kind and 9．______ (help). As soon as I finished, I couldn’t wait 10．______ (send) the cards.
Though I won’t be th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere to see their faces, I hope they feel happy when they read the cards. I believe that the notes will put smiles on their faces.
答案：
1．Because 2．difference 3．better 4．them 5．an
6．thinking 7．sat 8．from 9．helpful 10．to send
【分析】
作者在多年的求医过程中发现有时一个人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )微笑的问候会给别人带来完全不同的一天，所以他想让他生命中所有的路人都知道他们的微笑对作者来说是多么有意义。
1．
句意：由于多年患病，我已去看了好几次医生。去看了几次医生是因为常年患病，because of因为，句子开头首字母大写。故填Because。
2．
句意：在这些访问中，我注意到当一个人用微笑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )问候我时，会产生多么大的变化。不定冠词a后接different的名词形式difference，意为“区别，不同”。故填difference。
3．
句意：这让我一整天都好过一点，也让我更容易 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )忍受病痛了！程度副词a little后接形容词比较级，good的比较级为better，意为“更好的”。故填better。
4．
句意：此外，它使我对别人微笑，并与他们分享快乐。介词with后接they的宾格形式them，意为“他们”。故填them。
5．
句意：有一次我突然有了一个想法：为什么不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )让这些在我生命中只是过客的人知道他们的微笑对我有多重
同课章节目录
- 词法
- 名词
- 动词和动词短语
- 动词语态
- 动词时态
- 助动词和情态动词
- 非谓语动词
- 冠词
- 代词
- 数词和量词
- 形容词副词及其比较等级
- 介词和介词短语
- 连词和感叹词
- 构词法
- 相似、相近词比较
- 句法
- 陈述句
- 一般疑问句和否定疑问句
- 特殊疑问句及选择疑问句
- 反意疑问句
- 存在句(There be句型)
- 宾语从句
- 定语从句
- 状语从句
- 主谓一致问题
- 简单句
- 并列句
- 复合句
- 主谓一致
- 主、表语从句
- 名词性从句
- 直接引语和间接引语
- 虚拟语气
- 感叹句
- 强调句
- 倒装句
- 祈使句
- 句子的成分
- 句子的分类
- 题型专区
- 单项选择部分
- 易错题
- 完形填空
- 阅读理解
- 词汇练习
- 听说训练
- 句型转换
- 补全对话
- 短文改错
- 翻译
- 书面表达
- 任务型阅读
- 语法填空
- 其他资料