13：中考英语报刊时文 + 中考题型精选精炼（阅读理解记叙文）（全国通用）
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| 名称 | 13：中考英语报刊时文 + 中考题型精选精炼（阅读理解记叙文）（全国通用） |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 1.6MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-20 16:26:14 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题源: BBC NEWS
为什么这些小事会让人感觉如此治愈
Why small tasks feel so therapeutic
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Tidying your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) desk, watering your plants or folding laundry — these household chores are hardly the height of hedonism. Yet I often find myself seeking pleasure and comfort in small repetitive tasks.
整理书桌、给植物浇水、叠衣服——这些家务活根本算不上享乐主义。然而，我却常常发现自己从这些不断重复的小事中寻得乐趣、感到舒适。www.21-cn-jy.com
As we faced th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e stresses of the pandemic, many people reported finding renewed interest in looking after their homes as a way of coping with the uncertainty. On YouTube, there’s even a huge audience for videos of other people going about their chores, with millions of views for some of the most popular clips.
不止我是这样的。面临疫情的压力，许多人表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，为了应对不确定性，他们对照顾自己的家重新产生了兴趣。在 YouTube 上，甚至有大量观众观看其他人做家务的视频，其中一些最受欢迎的剪辑视频观看量达到数百万次。
重点词汇
1. therapeutic /θer pju t k/ 治愈的，使人放松的
Gardening can be very therapeutic.
2. chore / t (r)/ 家庭杂务；琐事
We share the domestic chores.
3. hedonism / hed n z m/ 享乐主义
The age of hedonism is being ushered out by a new era of temperance.
4. renew /r nju / 再次发生
The festival went ahead, despite renewed protests.
中考阅读七选五 新冠疫苗开发
（2021·浙江萧山·一模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）阅读下面有关新冠病毒疫苗接种知识的短文，然后从文后所给的A-F六个选项中选择正确的小标题，将其序号填入1-5题中，使短文意义正确、连贯。其中有一个选项是多余的。
All you need to know about taking COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗)
Vaccines will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be used to stop people from getting the COVID-19 virus. China is giving free vaccines to all Chinese people. You might want to know how the vaccines work. Let’s look to get the facts about the new COVID-19 vaccines.
____15____
China now has fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur COVID-19 vaccines for market use and emergency use. What are the benefits of getting a COVID-19 vaccine A COVID-19 vaccine might:
Prevent you f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom getting COVID-19 or from becoming seriously ill or dying.
Prevent you from spr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eading the COVID-19 virus to others and replicating (复制).
Add to the nu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mber of people in the group who are protected from getting COVID-19.
____16____
A COVID-19vaccine ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y cause strong side effects after getting it, especially for thosewith chronic (慢性的) diseases or exceptions as follows, so do not advise them to get vaccinated right now.
People who have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a history of serious problems after taking vaccines.
People with some serious diseases.
People with high fever.
Pregnant women.
____17____
Do you suit to receive the vaccination now It all depends.
People aged 60 or ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) above: Research shows the vaccines are safe for people aged 60 or above. So we advise this group of people to take the vaccine.
People under 18: We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don’t advise people under 18 to take the vaccines first.
People with chroni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c (慢性的) diseases: If thediseases are well-controlled, they can take the vaccines.
____18____
A COVID-19vaccine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including fever, headache, muscle pain, feeling unwell etc. You’ll be likely to be monitored for 15 minutes after getting a COVID-19 vaccine to see if you have an immediate reaction. Most side effects happen within the first three days after vaccination and typically last only one to two days.
____19____
Keep in mind th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at if you’re fully vaccinated from COVID-19, your risk of gettingCOVID-19 might be low. But if you become infected (感染), you might spread the COVID-19virus to others even if you don’t have any signs of COVID-19. So vaccinated people should continue to take safety precautions, such as wearing a mask and avoiding close touch with others when they are in public.
A．People not suitable for the vaccines.
B．Advice for some special groups.
C．Tips for getting the vaccines.
D．The possible side effects.
E．A warning after getting the vaccines.
F．Benefits of getting the vaccines.
15．F 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．E
【解析】
本文主要介绍了接种疫苗的好处，不适合接种的人群分类，对一些特殊群体的建议，接种疫苗产生的副作用。
15．
根据“What are the ben ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efits ofgetting a COVID-19 vaccine”此处应是引出下列介绍疫苗益处的一句话，F选项“接种疫苗的好处”符合，故选F。
16．
根据“ especiall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y for those with chronic (慢性的) diseases or exceptions as follows, so do not advise them to get vaccinated right now”可知，此处介绍不适合接种疫苗的人群，A选项“不适合接种疫苗的人”符合，故选A。
17．
根据“So we advi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se this group of people to take the vaccine”及“We don’t advise people under 18 to take the vaccines first”可知，此处是对于特殊人群接种疫苗的一些建议，B选项“对一些特殊群体的建议”符合，故选B。21教育网
18．
根据“A COVID-19 vac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cine can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including fever,headache, muscle pain, feeling unwell etc”可知，此处介绍接种疫苗后可能会产生的作用，D选项“可能的副作用”符合，故选D。
19．
根据“So vaccinated p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople should continue to take safety precautions, such as wearing a mask and avoiding close touch with others when they are in public”可知，此处应是一些提醒或警告，E选项“接种疫苗后的警告”符合，故选E。
记叙文体裁文章的阅读技巧
记叙文主要是记叙一件事情。记叙文类包括故事 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、传记、新闻报导等。一般说来，记叙文有时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果六要素，写人的文章，可能介绍人物的身世、经历和事迹等；叙事时，可能谈到事情发生与发展的过程以及事情发生的前因后果等。
阅读记叙文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息：
A. 记叙的对象
B. 记叙的要素（人物、事件、时间、地点、原因和结果）
C. 叙述的人称（第一人称/第三人称）
D. 记叙的顺序或方法（顺叙、倒叙和插叙）
E. 叙述的线索（以时间为线索；以地点为线索；以事件发展的过程为线索；以事物的象征意义为线索；以人物的思想行为及认知的过程为线索）
一、阅读技巧
1. 要快速浏览全文，圈出重要的连接词（如and，but等），掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句里出作者的写作思路。
2. 要尽快浏览短文后的思考题，尽量带着题目中的问题再读文章。
3. 完成事实细节题要先划出题干中的主谓宾，然后利用这些词去文中找到定位句。
4. 要把有关于who，what，where，how，why等方面内容圈出来，
5. 遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者态度和命题人的意图，尤其注意关系连接词和符号变化，不要凭个人直觉胡乱猜测。
二、做题技巧：
1. 猜词题。
（1）根据生活常识猜测词义。
（2）根据上下文、前后句的意思来猜测词义
（3）根据转折、因果关系猜测词义。
（4）通过同义词、反义词及或并列词的关系猜测词义。
（5）通过构词法猜词（否定前缀：un-in-dis-im；-名词后缀：-ment，er, or, ress, ist等等）。
（6）通过前后给出的定义句或解释句来推测词义。
2. 细节理解题。
（1）首先浏览也把你题目看清题目要求理解什么细节，还是那句话，画题干关键词。
（2）然后有选择性的在文中找出相应的段落，句子或短语。
（3）认真分析比对，选出正确答案。注意同词复现、同句复现等。
3. 主旨题
无论是在段落中还是文章中是明显还是隐蔽，主旨的提出主要有四种情况，
（1）首段或首句开门见山提出核心问题。
（2）文章中间段或段落中间句给出中心，
（3）段落末句或文章末段对全段或全文进行总结概括，得出段落主题句或文章主旨句。
（4）文章或段落中不明确给出中心，考生要根据各段中心或各句的内容进行总结，自己推出的主旨。
（5）文章出现频率极高的词，很有可能与主旨或标题关键词相关；选主旨句或标题时，过于绝对、过于片面、过于宽泛的不选。2-1-c-n-j-y
4.判断题
（1） 注意是选择错误的还是正确的选项；
（2）划出选项中的主谓宾、连词等关键词，回到文中仔细比对。
5. 推理题
（1）判断原则：注意包含infer， imply，conclusion，conclude，summary等词的题目多为推理题。
（2）通读全文，尤其是首尾段，迅速把握主旨；
（3）通读选项，每个选项都要勾画关键词，做到能理解选项的大致意思即可；
（4）迅速找到选项所在的段落，重点关注段落中心句和逻辑关系，推理题的答案一般是对文章或段落中心句的同义替换；
（5）命题方式：一般是正话反说，反话正说，无中生有，关键词替换，张冠李戴等。
信息摘录题做题技巧
一、 文章与表格结构分析
1. 准确理解文章大意，注意文章首尾段或段落首尾句，以及表格前的小标题，或者文章中反复出现的词（此类词多数与主旨相关）。
2. Main idea（主旨/标题）通常以名词或名词词组为主，这里可能会考察到词性转换。如动词变名词、形容词变名词等。
3. 理清文章的主体结构，正确获取信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )息：先表后文（或先图后文），题目所给的表格或图表相当于文章的主题框架（思维导图），先看图表可以帮助你沥青文章的结构及信息分布情况。
4.标记图表中的关键词：（1）标记名词、动词、形容词和介词短语等；（2）时间、人物、地点、方法、经过、原因、结果等。
5.在阅读文章的基础上将所有信息进行加工处理 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，按要求作答。一般情况下需要检查：（1）单词拼写是否正确；（2）首字母是否需要大写；（3）词数控制（一般不超过3个单词）。（4）答题时还要注意对称性，注意空格前后所给信息的格式，前后是名词或名词词组，空格内容也应是，前后所给信息是“v-ing”形式，空格也应是“v-ing”形式。
二、题型分析
1. 直接照抄信息题——查读法获取信息：
（1）先看图表，标记关键词，单着问题和关键词有目的地在文中细节处和关键处做标记；
（2）根据最醒目的字眼找答案：与年龄age、数字number、时间time、地点place相关的词；
（3）关键信息词：first，then，a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fter that，next，finally，but，because，while（然而），instead，different from（不同于），on the contrary（相反）
2. 概括归纳题：
（1）改变词性，形容词→名词/副词/动词等；动词→名词/副词/动词等。
eg：It may be helpful t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o explain why the direct result is so important.→Explaining the importance of the direct result may be helpful.
（2）省略掉不重要的词。
eg：It may be al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so helpful to explain the possible benefits involved.→Explaining the possible benefits.
（3）缩减法：把句子变短语、短语变词组、词组变单词。
eg：Giving enough encouragement to the staff=Encouraging the staff
The instant coffee rapidly gets popularity→ The product is popular.
（4）上下结构一致。
eg：Noticing the details→Finding the answer.→Finishing the question.【版权所有：21教育】
（5）空格中也有可能填写文中出现的关键词的反义词、近义词或上/下义词。
（6）名词词组可以用所有格（名词’s）代替。
（7）使用前后缀。如名词后缀：-ment，-tion，-sion……；否定前缀：in-， im-，dis- ，un-……
典例剖析
2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）
Christmas was com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing.There was a man in rags (衣衫褴褛) walking in a hurry on the road. You might think he was a beggar (乞讨者), but actually he was an artist.His name was Vincent Willem Van Gogh. With a painting he had just finished, the poor Vincent entered a painting store.
“Can you buy this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )painting to help me pay the rent (房租) ” Vincent asked in a low voice. “I don’t really like your painting, but it is said that you are hard-working and I want to help you, Here is five francs (法郎),” the store keeper answered.2·1·c·n·j·y
Although it was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) only five francs, Vincent was very happy. He took the money and said thanks,thinking that he could buy some food and pay the rent.
Near his home, Vince ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt saw a little girl in old clothes standing in the snow.
The girl smi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led sadly at the artist asking for some help. Clearly, the girl was hungry and cold.
“Poor child! I should help her,” he thought.
Vincent put the five ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )francs into the girl’s hands, completely forgetting that he still needed money to pay the rent. Before the girl said thanks to him, Vincent had hurried away with his empty stomach.
1．The story happened in ________.
A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
2．Vincent Willem Van Gogh was a(n) ________.
A．beggar B．artist C．farmer D．storekeeper
3．The storekeeper gave Vincent five francs because ________.
A．he thought Vincent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was a beggar B．he liked Vincent’s painting very much
C．he wanted to help ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the hardworking man D．he wanted to make friends with Vincent
4．What did Vincent do to help the poor girl
A．He painted a pic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ture for her. B．He paid the rent for the girl.
C．He bought he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r some food and clothes. D．He gave the girl five francs.
5．From the story, we know that Vincent was ________.
A．kind B．rich C．famous D．creative
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【解析】
文章讲述了著名艺术家梵高的一则故事 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。圣诞将至，梵高付不起房租，没钱买食物，只得把自己的画作便宜地卖了；在回家途中遇到一个又饿又冷的小女孩，他还是把身上仅有的卖画所得的五法郎给了她，自己饿着肚子走了。
1．判断推理题。根据倒数第四 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段“Near his home, Vincent saw a little girl in old clothes standing in the snow.”可知梵高在雪地里看到一个小女孩，所以推断出故事发生在冬天。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“You might think he was a beggar (乞讨者), but actually he was an artist.”可知，梵高是一名艺术家。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中店主的话“I don’t really like your painting, but it is said that you are hard-working and I want to help you”可知店主听说梵高刻苦勤奋，所以决定帮助他。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncent put the five francs into the girl’s hands, completely forgetting that he still needed money to pay the rent.”可知，梵高把卖画所得的五法郎都给了雪地中的小女孩。故选D。
5．判断推理题。结合全文语境，尤其是最后一段可知，尽管梵高自己穷困潦倒，他还是倾尽一切去帮助别人，说明他是个好心善良的人。故选A。
基础练：
Passage1
“I spent my whole ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )life doing one thing,” Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as “the father of sugar pills (糖丸)”, Gu died at age 92 on January2, 2019. He was also “the People’s Scientist” for his polio (脊髓灰质炎) research.
Gu Fangzhou, a famous ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )medical scientist, was born in June, 1926. Gu’s family faced a difficult timewith the sudden death of his father. He studied hard and finally entered PekingUniversity as a medical student in 1944. After graduating from university, Gumade the decision to work to help improve public health.
In 1955, polio brokeo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut in Nantong, Jiangsu Province. It made 1,680 people disable, mostly childrenaged below seven. It spread to neighboring areas and made 466 people die. Guwas asked to lead polio research in 1957. “At that time the only way to preventpolio was to invent a vaccine (疫苗),” said Gu.
In 1959 Gu succeededin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the “sugarpill” vaccine in the early 1960s. It not only tasted better but was more affordable (买得起的) and easier to keep. In orderto test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-oldson was vaccinated (接种疫苗). This encouraged his team totry the vaccine on their kids. They became the first group of people in Chinato try a polio vaccine. “If we don’t believe in what we produce, how can othersbelieve in it ” said Gu.
Gradually, the sugarpo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lio vaccine was made available in China. It saved millions of people,especially kids, from being disabled. In 2000, the World Health Organization(WHO) announced that China was already a polio-free(无脊髓灰质炎)country. “We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and yourkids will no longer get polio,” said Gu. “That’s all we hoped for.”
1．The third paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．why Gu Fangzhou did his research
B．how Gu Fangzhou’s research was done
C．what difference Gu Fangzhou’s research made
D．what difficulties Gu Fangzhou faced while doing his research
2．Who was the first person to try the polio vaccine in China
A．Gu Fangzhou’s son. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．Gu Fangzhou’s partner.
C．Gu Fangzhou himself ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). D．Gu Fangzhou’s partner’s kid.
3．When did the WHO consider China to be a polio-free country
A．Eight months ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ago. B．In the early 1960s.
C．In January of last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )year. D．At the beginning of this century.
4．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________.
A．give facts abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut the polio vaccine B．introduce a great medical scientist
C．report an impo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rtant medicalinvention D．describe the hard work ofpreventing polio
Passage 2
A general was goi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng to fight a strong enemy. He had only one-tenth the number of men the enemy had. Hearing this news, the soldiers (士兵) were worried. They didn’t think they could possibly win. The general thought for a while and then had an idea. He told his soldiers that they could win the fight only if they followed his new plan.21世纪教育网版权所有
On the way to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) battlefield (战场), the general stopped at a temple and told his men, “After my visit to the temple, I will toss (投掷) a coin. If it comes up heads, we will win; if tails(背面), we will lose. Destiny (命运) holds us in her hand.”
The general ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )went into the temple and wished for victory. Then he came out and tossed a coin in front of his men. The coin came up heads. The soldiers were amazed and thought they would win the coming fight. They fought hard and won in the end.
“No one can chan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge the hand of destiny,” one of his men told the general after they won the fight.They believed that the gods had planned for them to win the fight.
“In fact, it w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as not like that,” the general said, taking out the coin. The soldiers walked up to see what it was, but only saw a coin with heads on both sides. The coin toss might have been “fake”, but their confidence and courage were still real.
根据短文内容选择最佳选项。
5．Why were the soldiers worried at the beginning of the story
A．Because they didn’t have a strong general.
B．Because they didn’t have a good plan.
C．Because they had lost a fight once.
D．Because the enemy had a lot more soldiers than them.
6．After seeing the c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oin came up heads, the soldiers thought__________.
A．the general ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anged their destiny B．winning the fight was their destiny
C．losing the figh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t was their destiny D．winning the fight was the enemy’s destiny
7．What does the underlined word “fake” probably mean
A．Real. B．Not real. C．Wise. D．Not wise.
8．What actually made the soldiers win in the end
A．The help from th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e gods. B．The numbers of the soldiers.
C．Confidence and c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ourage. D．Hard work and skills.
9．What can we learn from the story
A．Destiny holds us in her hand.
B．We should solve problems by ourselves.
C．Be confident and brave when we face difficulties.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
D．Wait for help when we face difficulties.
基础练
Passage 1
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了获得国家荣誉称号“人民科学家”的顾方舟的生平事迹，他因研制了骨髓灰质炎糖丸而获此殊荣。
1．段落大意题。通读第三段， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知本段中心句“Gu was asked to lead polio research in 1957. ‘At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine,’ said Gu.”可知当时由于爆发脊髓灰质炎，导致很多儿童瘫痪，当时顾方舟被要求领导脊髓灰质炎研究，他认为阻止脊髓灰质炎唯一方法是发明疫苗。也就是说这一段主要讲述顾方舟为什么进行脊髓灰质炎研究。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文中第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )四段“In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated.”可知为了测试疫苗，顾先生亲自尝试了疫苗。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that China was already a polio-free country.”可知，世界卫生组织在2000年，即本世纪初，宣布中国已经是一个无脊髓灰质炎国家。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主要介绍了顾方舟的个人经历以及为消除脊髓灰质炎所做出的贡献，作者写这篇文章主要是为了介绍这位伟大的医学科学家。故选B。
Passage 2
5．D 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．C
【分析】
本文讲述了一场战役中，面 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对十倍于己的敌人，指挥官通过抛硬币的方式，告诉大家“头”这一面朝上他们就会赢，反面则输，结果还真的是“头”这面朝上，战士们大受鼓舞，最终取得胜利，可实际上硬币两面全都是“头”的图案。21·cn·jy·com
5．细节理解题。根据“He had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) only one-tenth the number of men the enemy had. Hearing this news,the soldiers (士兵) were worried. They didn’t think they could possibly win.”他们的人数只有敌人人数的十分之一，所以士兵担心是因为敌人人数比他们多得多。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据“The co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in came up heads. The soldiers were amazed and thought they would win the coming fight. They fought hard and won in the end.”可知士兵们看到硬币有“头”的一面出现，心想赢得这场战斗是他们的命运。故选B。
7．词句猜测题。根据“The c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oin toss might have been ‘fake’, but their confidence and courage were still real.”可知，but前后意思转折，虽然掷硬币可能是假的，但是他们的勇气和信心却是真的，所以fake意为“假的”。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e coin toss might have been ‘fake’, but their confidence and couragewere still real.”可知，掷硬币可能是假的，但他们的信心和勇气仍然是真的，由此可推知，是信心和勇气让士兵们获得了胜利。故选C。
9．主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，面对十倍于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )己的敌人，指挥官带领自己的士兵，凭借自身的勇气和信心，所以当我们面对困难时要自信和勇敢。故选C。
提升练：
Passage1 （2021·福建省惠安荷山中学模拟预测）
This story happe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned during our trip to the US in 2013. My husband and I decided on visiting Cape Cod, a beautiful sea resort（旅游胜地）, which was about three hours’ drive from the city of Boston. We hada great time in Cape Cod and returned to Boston at six in the evening. My husband has a very good memory and a good sense of direction, so I blindly followed him, without knowing where we were heading to. And then, however, we found that we got lost. Having no other option, we turned to a young American guy. On hearing our problem, he took us to the station, which was a few blocks away.21*cnjy*com
On reaching t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here, we wanted to buy the tickets of the train by using the dollar coins but the machine didn’t work. A young woman who was standing near the machine told us that the machine was out of order. On hearing this,the young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card（信用卡）and bought the tickets for us. “Here you go,” said he, with a smile and handed over the tickets to us. We wanted to give him the ticket money, but he refused our offer and we had the feeling that he was not expecting it from us. “No, thanks,” Said he and told us to hurry up in order to catch the train which was going to leave in the next few minutes. “Goodbye and have a great day,” said he and waved to us. Deeply moved, we thanked him and shook hands with him.
On reachi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng home, we told our family about this and wanted to thank him again through the local newspaper but found that we had forgotten to get his name in a great hurry!
1．Who helped the couple during their return trip
A．Two girls. B．A young man. C．An old lady. D．An old man.
2．What does the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) underlined word “option” in paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese
A．方向 B．选择 C．爱好 D．朋友
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Cape Cod is three miles from Boston.
B．Cape Cod is a beautiful sea resort in the UK.
C．The couple had a great time in Cape Cod.
D．No one helped the couple when they got lost.
4．Which of the following best describes the young guy www-2-1-cnjy-com
A．Rich. B．Boring. C．Funny. D．Warm-hearted.
5．What can we know about the couple
A．They had no money to buy the tickets.
B．A stranger used his credit card to buy them the tickets.
C．They gave the stranger some money to thank him.
D．A local newspaper helped them find out the stranger.
Passage2 （2021·福建省惠安荷山中学模拟预测）
I used to be a p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )essimist(悲观主义者),thinking that the worst thing might happen in every situation.
Last year, my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) mother had a serious illness. I felt my whole world turn upside down and I had no idea what I could do to help her with her pain. I often cried whenever I was alone.
Last month ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), I lost an expensive dress that was a birthday present from my father. I could not fall asleep for a few nights because I felt so terrible about the loss.
There have b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een many things like these in my life. I really didn’t know how to deal with them until I read If You Have a Lemon, Make a Lemonade by an American writer, Dale Carnegie.
“When the wise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man is handed a lemon, he asks: ‘How can I turn this lemon into a lemonade How can I improve my situation What lesson can I learn from this ’” he wrote.
I suddenly realized ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that life is full of ups and downs, so I decided to stay positive(积极的) all thetime.
Now when I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think of my past, I wish I could have dealt with things differently. When my mother was fighting with her illness, I should have held her hands in mine, telling her that things would get better instead of hiding and crying.
Recently, I to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok part in a school singing competition. I didn’t win a prize. If I had not read the article, I would be sad and disappointed again.But I smiled after the competition because at least, I had got some experience in the singing competition.
Life is no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t just a bed of roses. There are thorns(刺) as well, but these thorns help us become braver and better. When life offers us a lemon, let’s try to make a lemonade.
6．What kind of thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng might happen in every situation, according to a pessimist
A．The worst thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng. B．The best thing. C．The happiest thing. D．The latest thing.
7．The birthday present that the writer lost was from .
A．her mother B．her father C．her brother D．her sister
8．Which picture expresses the writer’s final understanding of life
A． B． C． D．
9．What can we learn from the text
A．Lemons tasted more delicious in the past.
B．The writer looked after her sick mother well.
C．The singing competition made the writer sad.
D．Thorns in life can help us become better.
10．What would be the best title for the text
A．A Bed of Roses B．An Article I Enjoy Most
C．Turning a Lemon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) into a Lemonade D．A Great Singing Competition
Passage 3 （2021·山西太原·三模）
The year 20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )21 marks the 100 birthday of theCommunist Party of China and “red tourism” has become a hit. Many middle schoolstudents go out to learn things out of textbooks. Here is the introduction offour historical heroes in a memorial hall.
In 1960, Lei F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eng became a solider and soon joined the Communist Party. He did many good deeds in his life. For example, he gave money to the parents of another soldier, and bought tickets for a stranger. After his death, Chairman Mao called on people to learn from him. Lei Feng is more than a name in China; he’s a symbol of selflessness(无私) and modesty.
Liu Hulan was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )born in Wenshui, Shanxi and joined the Party in 1946. To support the army, she offered food, passed secret messages and so on. On January 12, 1947, at the age of 14 years old, she was killed by the enemy for she refused to betray(背叛) her partners in the Party. She was really loyal(忠诚的)to the Party. Just as Chairman Mao wrote “a great life a glorious death”.
Born in Jingle County ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Gao Junyu graduated from the First Middle School of Shanxi. Then he entered Peking University and took part in the May 4th Movement of 1919. In 1921, he joined the Communist Party and became the first party member in Shanxi. He also tried to set up the Communist Youth League in Shanxi. In 1925, he died of illness and was buried in Taoranting Park:
Jiao Yulu became a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ymbol of the honest Communist Party cadre(干部) who worked tirelessly for the people. After he joined the Party in 1946, Jiao devoted his energy to fighting poverty(贫困). As the Party leader of Lankao County, Jiao Yulu encouraged people there to fight poor conditions and helped pull the county out of poverty.
11．How did Lei Feng help others in need
A．By giving away money to them.
B．By teaching them basic knowledge.
C．By leading them to fight poor conditions.
12．Why did Chairma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n Mao describe Liu Hulan as “a great life, a gloriousdeath”
A．Because she was really young when she died for the Party.
B．Because she did a lot for the Party and even gave up her life.
C．Because she didn’t betray her family in the face of the enemy.
13．Among the four peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple, who was the first to join the CommunistParty
A．Lei Feng. B．Liu Hulan. C．Gao Junyu.
14．What was Jiao Yulu praised for
A．Offing food ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the poor. B．Helping people fight poverty. C．Setting up the Communist Youth League.
15．Which spirits can we learn from them
A．Braveness and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fairness. B．Selfishness and Responsibility. C．Honesty and loyalty.
提升练
Passage 1
1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B
【分析】
本文主要讲述一对夫妇旅游途中被陌生人帮助的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据“H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aving no other option, we turned to a young American guy. On hearing our problem, he took us to the station, which was a few blocks away.”以及“the young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card and bought the tickets for us”可知，一位年轻人帮助了这对夫妇。故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“And the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n, however, we found that we got lost. Having no other option, we turned to a young American guy.”可知，这对夫妇迷路了，别无选择只能求助年轻人，所以“option”的意思是“选择”。故选B。21*cnjy*com
3．细节理解题。根据“We had a great time in Cape Cod”可知，这对夫妇在Cape Cod玩得很开心。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Having no o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther option, we turned to a young American guy. On hearing our problem, he took us to the station, which was a few blocks away.”以及“the young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card and bought the tickets for us”可知，年轻人给这对夫妇带路还帮他们买票，可以推测年轻人很热心。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card and bought the tickets for us”可知，一个陌生人用他的信用卡给这对夫妇买了票。故选B。
Passage 2
6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．C
【分析】
本文主要讲述了作者在遇到生活中的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )挫折时感到很挫败，后来她从一本书中得出了感悟，那就是生活并不只是称心如意，还有荆棘，但这些荆棘帮助我们变得更勇敢、更好。当生活给我们柠檬，让我们试着把它做成柠檬汁。
6．细节理解题。根据“I used to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be a pessimist(悲观主义者), thinking that the worst thing might happen in every situation.”可知，悲观主义者总是会想到最坏的事情，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“I lost ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an expensive dress that was a birthday present from my father.”可知，这件昂贵的连衣裙是父亲买的，故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据“I su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ddenly realized that life is full of ups and downs, so I decided to stay positive(积极的) all the time”可知，她最终认为生活中总是充满了起起伏伏，决定用积极的态度面对人生，所以是“微笑”的表情，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere are thorns(刺) as well, but these thorns help us become braver and better.”可知，生活中的荆棘帮助我们变得更勇敢、更好，故选D。21cnjy.com
10．最佳标题。根据本文最后一段“Wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en life offers us a lemon, let’s try to make a lemonade”并结合全文可知，生活不仅仅是称心如意，还有荆棘，我们要勇敢面对，如果生活给我们柠檬，我们应该试着把它做成柠檬汁，以此来表达她对生活的感悟，所以C选项符合本文标题，故选C。
Passage 3
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C
【分析】
本文向我们介绍了四位历史英雄，分别是雷锋、刘胡兰、高君宇和焦裕禄。
11．细节理解题。根据“Fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r example, he gave money to the parents of another soldier, and bought tickets for a stranger.”可知，他给另一个士兵的父母钱，给一个陌生人买票。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“she wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s killed by the enemy for she refused to betray her partners in the party”可知，她为党做了很多，甚至放弃了自己的生命，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1960, Lei Feng became a solider and soon joined the Communist Party. ”，“LiuHulan was born in Wenshui, Shanxi and joined the Party in 1946.”和“In1921, he joined the Communist Party”可知，三人中，最先入党的是高君宇，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“Jiao Y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ulu encouraged people there to fight poor conditions and helped pull the county out of poverty.”可知，焦裕禄因为帮助人们战胜贫困而受到赞扬，故选B。
15．推理判断题。本文向我们介绍了四位历史英雄，他们都因为诚实和忠诚而受到后人敬仰，故选C。
真题练：
Passage 1 （2021·甘肃兰州·中考真题）
Six weeks before hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s97th birthday, Giuseppe Paterno made his dream of a lifetime come true: He gota university degree.
Mr. Paterno’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s story has been reported around the world, partly because of his age. But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of belief. He has encouraged millions of children in Italy and elsewhere while they are facing difficulties during the coronavirus pandemic（新冠疫情）.
Born in Palermo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in1923, the first of seven children in a very poor family. Mr. Paterno began working soon after finishing primary school. It was only after he retired in themid-1980s that he returned to his books.
“His story s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hows that dreams can come true and that you can remain young—not in age but in spirit—if you develop interests,” said Rosella Cancila, his teacher of history at the university of Palermo.
Italy’s university sys ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tem is based on a three-year degree, then a two-year master’s course.University officials are hoping that Mr. Paterno will continue his studies. △ “I have to say that in this moment, I don’t know whether I would keep on studying with the same spirit,” He said, adding that all the attention had made him a bit tired. Still, Mr.Paterno said that he would probably try to get his master’s degree but he hadn’t decided yet.
阅读以上短文。根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
1．Giuseppe Paterno’s dream of a lifetime is to ________.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A．draw people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s attention B．work to support his family
C．get university deg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ree D．encourage the children in hiscounty
2．The underl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ined word “belief” in paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．品格 B．信念 C．责任 D．观点
3．According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o Rossella Cancia, developing interests can help people stay ________.
A．young in spirit B．young in age C．healthy in body D．healthy in mind
4．Which of the followi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng sentences can be best put in the “ △ ”
A．And he is quite s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ure. B．But he isn’t so sure.
C．And he agrees ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) completely. D．But he doesn’t agree at all.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．Seeing Is Beli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eving. B．Practice Makes Perfect.
C．Actions Speak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Louder Than Words. D．It’s Never Too Late to Follow Dream.
Passage 2 （2021·青海西宁·中考真题）
Poverty（贫穷）i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a big problem in the world,but China has done a good job to deal with it and made the proud achievement.During fighting poverty, we’ve been moved by many heroes.
Helping Girls◆Zhang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Guimei ◆Lijiang, Yunnan◆Many girls couldn’t go to school because they were very poor.◆Mrs. Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1, 800 girls go to college.
Building a Road◆Mao ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Xianglin ◆Wushan, Chongqing◆Villagers lived on t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he 1, 000﹣meter﹣high cliffs（悬崖峭壁）. So it took them three days to walk to the nearest town in the past.◆Mr. Mao led villagers to build a road with their hands for 7 years. Now they spend just an hour driving to the nearest town. Local people can sell fruit to other places conveniently.
Planting Mush ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rooms（蘑菇）◆Chen Zaiming ◆Jingdong Yi, Yunnan◆This place wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s famous for its wild mushrooms. But villagers didn’t know how to grow them.◆Mr. Chen taught villagers to plant mushrooms and helped them make over 5 million yuan.
Chinese Achiev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ements◆832 counties（县）and 128 , 000 villages are no longer in poverty.◆98.99 milli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 year.◆China is responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty since the late 1970s all over the world.
6．Who helped girls go to college？
A．Zhang Guime ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i. B．Mao Xianglin. C．Chen Zaiming. D．All above.
7．How did people go to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the nearest town in Wushan, Chongqing in the past？
A．On foot. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By train.
8．Which place was well﹣known for wild mushrooms in the text？
A．Lijiang. B．Wushan. C．Jingdong Yi. D．Not mentioned.
9．How many villa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8years in China？
A．832. B．1, 800. C．12,8000. D．98,990,000.
10．Which of the following is TRUE？
A．Girls didn’t want to go to school in Lijiang, Yunnan.
B．It takes people thr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee hours to drive to the nearest town in Wushannow.
C．People used to be good at growing wild mushrooms in Jingdong Yi.
D．China has got the greatest achievement on lifting out of poverty.
Passage3 （2021·湖北荆门·中考真题）
Mr. Brown is alre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ady89 years old. He used to sell ice-cream in New York. Last month, his daughter died and left him with two grandchildren. He had to look after them.
“What should we do W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e have to make money,” Mr Brown said to his wife. Then he decided to sell ice-cream again. He got up early every morning and worked until midnight.
Steve is a reporte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r.He often bought ice-cream from Mr. Brown. Soon he learned about his story. He wanted to help the old man, so he posted a photo online. Lots of people read Mr. Brown’s story and came to buy ice-cream. That was not enough. Steve started to raise money for Mr. Brown. He planned to raise $3,000, but in fact, he got more than $201,000.
Now Mr. Brown is rich ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).He doesn’t need to make money. But he says, “I’m really thankful to Steve and other kind people for helping me. I want to help others, too.” He keeps on selling ice-cream. He gives ice-cream to kids for free. He also gives his money to poor families.
Just as the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aying goes, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.”Try to help, and you will feel different.
11．Mr. Brown began to sell ice-cream again at 89 because ________.
A．he had to sup ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )port his grandchildren B．his wife was seriously ill
C．he loved selli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng ice-cream D．his grandchildren loved ice-cream
12．People learned about what happened to Mr. Brown ________.
A．on the radio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．on the Internet
C．from a newspaper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) D．from a TV report
13．According to the story, which of the following is TRUE
A．Steve made a l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot of money. B．Mr. Brown used all the money onhimself.
C．Mr. Brown is still ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) selling ice-cream. D．Steve raised $3,000 for Mr. Brown.
14．What is the story mainly about
A．A grandfather w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ho raised money. B．A reporter that made a difference.
C．An old man who to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uched our hearts. D．A program that helped save people.
Passage4 （2021·广西河池·中考真题）
Salt in the soil has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) always made it impossible to grow crops. But that’s now changing.
Famous agricul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )turalist（农学家）Yuan Longping said they would grow a special rice. They would turn 100 million mu of saline-alkali （盐碱的）land into farmland in the country over the next 10 years.
In 2017, Yuan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s team successfully grew rice on the saline-alkali land in Jiangsu Province. It is called sea rice. Now they have made great progress. Both China and many other countries around the world have large saline-alkali land. If all of it can be used to grow rice and grain, it is very important for food security （安全）. And it will help the UN zero-hunger goal come true.
Yuan Longping ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was named as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He helped China make a great wonder—feeding nearly 20% of the world’s population with less than 9% of the world’s farmland.Then Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save the world from hunger. The world is seeing China’s sea rice as a way to fight food insecurity.
“I had a drea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m. Rice was as high as sorghum （高粱）；ears （穗）were as long as brooms; grains were as big as peanuts （花生）. I could actually enjoy the cool under the rice crops.” Yuan said of his childhood dream. And he was one step closer to his dream.
“I’m confident in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) future of my country, and I want to do more for my motherland.” said Yuan.
15．What was Yuan Longping
A．A famous reporter. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．A famous pianist.
C．A famous headmaster. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) D．A famous agriculturalist.
16．What did Yuan’s team grow on the saline-alkali land in 2017
A．Corn. B．Vegetables. C．Sea rice. D．Hybrid rice.
17．What will ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ppen if all saline-alkali land around the world is turned into farmland
A．The people in China will stay away from hunger.
B．The people in Africa will stay away from hunger.
C．The people in many countries will stay away from hunger.
D．The people in the world will stay away from hunger.
18．Yuan Longpin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g helped China feed nearly ________of the world’s population with less farmland.
A．one fifth B．one tenth C．four fifths D．nine tenths
19．What was Yuan Longping’s bigger dream
A．The rice w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as as high as sorghum. B．He could save the world from hunger.
C．The ears were as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) long as brooms. D．He could enjoy the cool under the rice crops.
Passage5 （2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）
It was a cold, rain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y day. My mother and I drove to the mountains. It was dangerous to make the two-hour journey along the highway in such weather. I didn’t want to take the risk. But my mother advised that we go to see something at the top of the mountain.
After ten mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nutes’ driving, we stopped the car and got out. Walking along a path, we turned at a corner. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind. From the top of the mountain, I saw several fields full of flowers,shining like a carpet （地毯）before us. It looked as if the sun spilled （播洒）gold down the mountain.
A lot of ques ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions came to my mind. Who created such beauty Why How
As we moved ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on, we sawa sign that read, “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.”
The first answer was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),“One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was, “One at a Time. ” The third, “Started in 1971.”
On our way home, I w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as so shocked by what we had seen. “She changed the world. One bulb （一株）at a time. She started almost 50years ago. It was probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.”I said, “Imagine, if I had a dream and worked at it, just a little bit everyday, what might I have achieved ”
My mother looke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d at me, smiling. “Start tomorrow.” She said, “ Better yet, start today.”
20．The writer didn't want to go to the mountains because ________.21·世纪*教育网
A．she was tired of driving
B．their car was running out of petrol （汽油）
C．it was getting dark
D．it was not safe to drive in such weather
21．The underlined w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord “path” shares a similar meaning with _________.
A．beach B．road C．bank D．village
22．The person ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in Picture ________ probably grew the flowers in the mountain.
A． B． C． D．
23．The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A．beauty always lies on the top of the mountain
B．even common people have great wisdom （智慧）
C．sticking to a dream will bring a big change
D．we should enjoy every moment in life
真题练
Passage 1
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D
【分析】
本文讲述了97岁高龄的Giuseppe Paterno成功获得了大学学位，实现了自己一生的梦想。
1．细节理解题。根据“Giuseppe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Paterno made his dream of a lifetime come true: He got a university degree.”可知，Giuseppe Paterno一生的梦想是得到大学学位。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“He has e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncouraged millions of children in Italy and elsewhere while they are facing difficulties during the coronavirus pandemic”可知，Giuseppe Paterno的故事鼓舞了很多处于困境的孩子，此处指的是信念的力量，所以“belief”的意思是“信念”。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“His sto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry shows that dreams can come true and that you can remainyoung—not in age but in spirit—if you develop interests”可知，培养兴趣可以让人保持精神上的年轻。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“Universit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y officials are hoping that Mr. Paterno will continue his studies.”以及“I have to say that in this moment, I don’t know whether I would keep on studying with the same spirit”可知，Giuseppe Paterno不确定是否继续自己的学业。故选B。
5．最佳标题。阅读全文可知，本 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文讲述了97岁高龄的Giuseppe Paterno成功获得了大学学位，实现了自己一生的梦想，所以D选项“追求梦想永远不会太迟。”是本文最佳标题。故选D。
Passage 2
6．A 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．D
【分析】
本文讲述了中国在脱贫战斗中涌现出的英雄以及他们所做出的贡献。
6．细节理解题。根据“Zhang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Guimei…Mrs.Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1,800 girls go to college”可知，张贵梅帮助女孩们上学，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“Wushan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Chongqing…So it took them three days to walk to the nearest to wnin the past.”可知，过去重庆巫山的人们去最近的镇上，需要步行去，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据“Jingdo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng Yi, Yunnan…This place was famous for its wild mushrooms.”可知，云南省的景东彝族自治县因为野生蘑菇而出名，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“98.99 mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llion villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8year.”可知，8年来，9899万村民实现了脱贫。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据“Pover ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ty（贫穷）is a big problem in the world, but China has done a good jobto deal with it and made the proud achievement.”可知，中国在脱贫方面已经取得了伟大的成就，故选D。
Passage 3
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．C
【分析】
本文布朗先生因为要照顾两个孙 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子，不得不重操卖冰淇凌的旧业，一位经常在他那买冰淇凌的记者知道了他的困难，不但把他的照片放到网上，而且还帮他筹集到了一笔巨款，虽然这些都让布朗先生变得富有了，但是他还是继续卖冰淇凌来帮助有需要的人。21教育名师原创作品
11．细节理解题。根据“Last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )month, his daughter died and left him with two grandchildren. He had to look after them”可知，因为他要照顾两个孙子，故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“He wanted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to help the old man, so he posted a photo online. Lots of people read Mr. Brown’s story and came to buy ice-cream”可知，人们是从网上得知了布朗先生的情况，故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据“He keeps on selling ice-cream”可知，他仍然继续卖冰淇凌，C表述正确，故选C。
14．主旨大意题。本文主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要介绍了一位卖冰淇凌的老人在得到他人的帮助之后，仍然坚持卖冰淇凌想要帮助跟多人的故事，C选项“一位触动我们心灵的老人”符合本文主旨大意，故选C。
Passage 4
15．D 16．C 17．C 18．A 19．B
【分析】
本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平在农业方面的贡献和取得的成绩。
15．细节理解题。根据“Famous a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )griculturalist （农学家）Yuan Longping said they would grow a special rice”可知，他是一位出名的农学家，故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“In 20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )17, Yuan’s team successfully grew rice on the saline-alkali land in Jiangsu Province. It is called sea rice”可知，他们成功种出了海稻，故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“Both ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )China and many other countries around the world have large saline-alkali land. If all of it can be used to grow rice and grain, it is very important for food security （安全）. And it will help the UN zero-hunger goal come true”可知，许多国家的人民将不会挨饿，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“He h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elped China make a great wonder—feeding nearly 20% of the world’s population with less than 9% of the world’s farmland”可知，他用不到世界9%的耕地养活了世界近20%（五分之一）的人口，故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据“ Rice wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s as high as sorghum （高粱）；ears （穗）were as long as brooms; grains were as big as peanuts （花生）. I could actually enjoy the cool under the rice crops”可知，从他的梦想中可以看出他是希望可以拯救世界人民免于饥饿，故选B。
Passage 5
20．D 21．B 22．D 23．C
【分析】
本文主要讲述了作者和母亲在一个下雨天去山顶 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上看风景，在到达山顶后，被眼前的美景所折服，由一个标牌而引发了作者的感慨，那就是坚持一个梦想会带来巨大的改变。【出处：21教育名师】
20．细节理解题。根据“It w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as dangerous to make the two-hour journey along the highway in suchweather”可知，因为作者认为在这样糟糕的天气里驾驶是很危险的，故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据“Walking a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )long a path, we turned at a corner”可知，作者和母亲一直沿着小路走，然后在一个地方拐弯，所以path与road同义，故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“One Wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain”可推断，是一个女人种的这些花，故选D。
23．主旨大意题。根据“Imagine, i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f I had a dream and worked at it, just a little bit every day,what might I have achieved”及全文的描述可知，作者想通过自己所看到的告诉读者坚持一个梦想会带来巨大的改变，故选C。
第13讲：中考报刊时文 + 中考题型精选（阅读理解记叙文）
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HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
题源: BBC NEWS
为什么这些小事会让人感觉如此治愈
Why small tasks feel so therapeutic
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Tidying your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) desk, watering your plants or folding laundry — these household chores are hardly the height of hedonism. Yet I often find myself seeking pleasure and comfort in small repetitive tasks.
整理书桌、给植物浇水、叠衣服——这些家务活根本算不上享乐主义。然而，我却常常发现自己从这些不断重复的小事中寻得乐趣、感到舒适。www.21-cn-jy.com
As we faced th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e stresses of the pandemic, many people reported finding renewed interest in looking after their homes as a way of coping with the uncertainty. On YouTube, there’s even a huge audience for videos of other people going about their chores, with millions of views for some of the most popular clips.
不止我是这样的。面临疫情的压力，许多人表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，为了应对不确定性，他们对照顾自己的家重新产生了兴趣。在 YouTube 上，甚至有大量观众观看其他人做家务的视频，其中一些最受欢迎的剪辑视频观看量达到数百万次。
重点词汇
1. therapeutic /θer pju t k/ 治愈的，使人放松的
Gardening can be very therapeutic.
2. chore / t (r)/ 家庭杂务；琐事
We share the domestic chores.
3. hedonism / hed n z m/ 享乐主义
The age of hedonism is being ushered out by a new era of temperance.
4. renew /r nju / 再次发生
The festival went ahead, despite renewed protests.
中考阅读七选五 新冠疫苗开发
（2021·浙江萧山·一模 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）阅读下面有关新冠病毒疫苗接种知识的短文，然后从文后所给的A-F六个选项中选择正确的小标题，将其序号填入1-5题中，使短文意义正确、连贯。其中有一个选项是多余的。
All you need to know about taking COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗)
Vaccines will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be used to stop people from getting the COVID-19 virus. China is giving free vaccines to all Chinese people. You might want to know how the vaccines work. Let’s look to get the facts about the new COVID-19 vaccines.
____15____
China now has fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur COVID-19 vaccines for market use and emergency use. What are the benefits of getting a COVID-19 vaccine A COVID-19 vaccine might:
Prevent you f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom getting COVID-19 or from becoming seriously ill or dying.
Prevent you from spr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eading the COVID-19 virus to others and replicating (复制).
Add to the nu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mber of people in the group who are protected from getting COVID-19.
____16____
A COVID-19vaccine ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y cause strong side effects after getting it, especially for thosewith chronic (慢性的) diseases or exceptions as follows, so do not advise them to get vaccinated right now.
People who have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a history of serious problems after taking vaccines.
People with some serious diseases.
People with high fever.
Pregnant women.
____17____
Do you suit to receive the vaccination now It all depends.
People aged 60 or ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) above: Research shows the vaccines are safe for people aged 60 or above. So we advise this group of people to take the vaccine.
People under 18: We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don’t advise people under 18 to take the vaccines first.
People with chroni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c (慢性的) diseases: If thediseases are well-controlled, they can take the vaccines.
____18____
A COVID-19vaccine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including fever, headache, muscle pain, feeling unwell etc. You’ll be likely to be monitored for 15 minutes after getting a COVID-19 vaccine to see if you have an immediate reaction. Most side effects happen within the first three days after vaccination and typically last only one to two days.
____19____
Keep in mind th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at if you’re fully vaccinated from COVID-19, your risk of gettingCOVID-19 might be low. But if you become infected (感染), you might spread the COVID-19virus to others even if you don’t have any signs of COVID-19. So vaccinated people should continue to take safety precautions, such as wearing a mask and avoiding close touch with others when they are in public.
A．People not suitable for the vaccines.
B．Advice for some special groups.
C．Tips for getting the vaccines.
D．The possible side effects.
E．A warning after getting the vaccines.
F．Benefits of getting the vaccines.
15．F 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．E
【解析】
本文主要介绍了接种疫苗的好处，不适合接种的人群分类，对一些特殊群体的建议，接种疫苗产生的副作用。
15．
根据“What are the ben ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efits ofgetting a COVID-19 vaccine”此处应是引出下列介绍疫苗益处的一句话，F选项“接种疫苗的好处”符合，故选F。
16．
根据“ especiall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y for those with chronic (慢性的) diseases or exceptions as follows, so do not advise them to get vaccinated right now”可知，此处介绍不适合接种疫苗的人群，A选项“不适合接种疫苗的人”符合，故选A。
17．
根据“So we advi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se this group of people to take the vaccine”及“We don’t advise people under 18 to take the vaccines first”可知，此处是对于特殊人群接种疫苗的一些建议，B选项“对一些特殊群体的建议”符合，故选B。21教育网
18．
根据“A COVID-19 vac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cine can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including fever,headache, muscle pain, feeling unwell etc”可知，此处介绍接种疫苗后可能会产生的作用，D选项“可能的副作用”符合，故选D。
19．
根据“So vaccinated p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople should continue to take safety precautions, such as wearing a mask and avoiding close touch with others when they are in public”可知，此处应是一些提醒或警告，E选项“接种疫苗后的警告”符合，故选E。
记叙文体裁文章的阅读技巧
记叙文主要是记叙一件事情。记叙文类包括故事 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、传记、新闻报导等。一般说来，记叙文有时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果六要素，写人的文章，可能介绍人物的身世、经历和事迹等；叙事时，可能谈到事情发生与发展的过程以及事情发生的前因后果等。
阅读记叙文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息：
A. 记叙的对象
B. 记叙的要素（人物、事件、时间、地点、原因和结果）
C. 叙述的人称（第一人称/第三人称）
D. 记叙的顺序或方法（顺叙、倒叙和插叙）
E. 叙述的线索（以时间为线索；以地点为线索；以事件发展的过程为线索；以事物的象征意义为线索；以人物的思想行为及认知的过程为线索）
一、阅读技巧
1. 要快速浏览全文，圈出重要的连接词（如and，but等），掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句里出作者的写作思路。
2. 要尽快浏览短文后的思考题，尽量带着题目中的问题再读文章。
3. 完成事实细节题要先划出题干中的主谓宾，然后利用这些词去文中找到定位句。
4. 要把有关于who，what，where，how，why等方面内容圈出来，
5. 遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者态度和命题人的意图，尤其注意关系连接词和符号变化，不要凭个人直觉胡乱猜测。
二、做题技巧：
1. 猜词题。
（1）根据生活常识猜测词义。
（2）根据上下文、前后句的意思来猜测词义
（3）根据转折、因果关系猜测词义。
（4）通过同义词、反义词及或并列词的关系猜测词义。
（5）通过构词法猜词（否定前缀：un-in-dis-im；-名词后缀：-ment，er, or, ress, ist等等）。
（6）通过前后给出的定义句或解释句来推测词义。
2. 细节理解题。
（1）首先浏览也把你题目看清题目要求理解什么细节，还是那句话，画题干关键词。
（2）然后有选择性的在文中找出相应的段落，句子或短语。
（3）认真分析比对，选出正确答案。注意同词复现、同句复现等。
3. 主旨题
无论是在段落中还是文章中是明显还是隐蔽，主旨的提出主要有四种情况，
（1）首段或首句开门见山提出核心问题。
（2）文章中间段或段落中间句给出中心，
（3）段落末句或文章末段对全段或全文进行总结概括，得出段落主题句或文章主旨句。
（4）文章或段落中不明确给出中心，考生要根据各段中心或各句的内容进行总结，自己推出的主旨。
（5）文章出现频率极高的词，很有可能与主旨或标题关键词相关；选主旨句或标题时，过于绝对、过于片面、过于宽泛的不选。2-1-c-n-j-y
4.判断题
（1） 注意是选择错误的还是正确的选项；
（2）划出选项中的主谓宾、连词等关键词，回到文中仔细比对。
5. 推理题
（1）判断原则：注意包含infer， imply，conclusion，conclude，summary等词的题目多为推理题。
（2）通读全文，尤其是首尾段，迅速把握主旨；
（3）通读选项，每个选项都要勾画关键词，做到能理解选项的大致意思即可；
（4）迅速找到选项所在的段落，重点关注段落中心句和逻辑关系，推理题的答案一般是对文章或段落中心句的同义替换；
（5）命题方式：一般是正话反说，反话正说，无中生有，关键词替换，张冠李戴等。
信息摘录题做题技巧
一、 文章与表格结构分析
1. 准确理解文章大意，注意文章首尾段或段落首尾句，以及表格前的小标题，或者文章中反复出现的词（此类词多数与主旨相关）。
2. Main idea（主旨/标题）通常以名词或名词词组为主，这里可能会考察到词性转换。如动词变名词、形容词变名词等。
3. 理清文章的主体结构，正确获取信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )息：先表后文（或先图后文），题目所给的表格或图表相当于文章的主题框架（思维导图），先看图表可以帮助你沥青文章的结构及信息分布情况。
4.标记图表中的关键词：（1）标记名词、动词、形容词和介词短语等；（2）时间、人物、地点、方法、经过、原因、结果等。
5.在阅读文章的基础上将所有信息进行加工处理 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，按要求作答。一般情况下需要检查：（1）单词拼写是否正确；（2）首字母是否需要大写；（3）词数控制（一般不超过3个单词）。（4）答题时还要注意对称性，注意空格前后所给信息的格式，前后是名词或名词词组，空格内容也应是，前后所给信息是“v-ing”形式，空格也应是“v-ing”形式。
二、题型分析
1. 直接照抄信息题——查读法获取信息：
（1）先看图表，标记关键词，单着问题和关键词有目的地在文中细节处和关键处做标记；
（2）根据最醒目的字眼找答案：与年龄age、数字number、时间time、地点place相关的词；
（3）关键信息词：first，then，a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fter that，next，finally，but，because，while（然而），instead，different from（不同于），on the contrary（相反）
2. 概括归纳题：
（1）改变词性，形容词→名词/副词/动词等；动词→名词/副词/动词等。
eg：It may be helpful t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o explain why the direct result is so important.→Explaining the importance of the direct result may be helpful.
（2）省略掉不重要的词。
eg：It may be al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so helpful to explain the possible benefits involved.→Explaining the possible benefits.
（3）缩减法：把句子变短语、短语变词组、词组变单词。
eg：Giving enough encouragement to the staff=Encouraging the staff
The instant coffee rapidly gets popularity→ The product is popular.
（4）上下结构一致。
eg：Noticing the details→Finding the answer.→Finishing the question.【版权所有：21教育】
（5）空格中也有可能填写文中出现的关键词的反义词、近义词或上/下义词。
（6）名词词组可以用所有格（名词’s）代替。
（7）使用前后缀。如名词后缀：-ment，-tion，-sion……；否定前缀：in-， im-，dis- ，un-……
典例剖析
2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）
Christmas was com ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing.There was a man in rags (衣衫褴褛) walking in a hurry on the road. You might think he was a beggar (乞讨者), but actually he was an artist.His name was Vincent Willem Van Gogh. With a painting he had just finished, the poor Vincent entered a painting store.
“Can you buy this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )painting to help me pay the rent (房租) ” Vincent asked in a low voice. “I don’t really like your painting, but it is said that you are hard-working and I want to help you, Here is five francs (法郎),” the store keeper answered.2·1·c·n·j·y
Although it was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) only five francs, Vincent was very happy. He took the money and said thanks,thinking that he could buy some food and pay the rent.
Near his home, Vince ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt saw a little girl in old clothes standing in the snow.
The girl smi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )led sadly at the artist asking for some help. Clearly, the girl was hungry and cold.
“Poor child! I should help her,” he thought.
Vincent put the five ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )francs into the girl’s hands, completely forgetting that he still needed money to pay the rent. Before the girl said thanks to him, Vincent had hurried away with his empty stomach.
1．The story happened in ________.
A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
2．Vincent Willem Van Gogh was a(n) ________.
A．beggar B．artist C．farmer D．storekeeper
3．The storekeeper gave Vincent five francs because ________.
A．he thought Vincent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was a beggar B．he liked Vincent’s painting very much
C．he wanted to help ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the hardworking man D．he wanted to make friends with Vincent
4．What did Vincent do to help the poor girl
A．He painted a pic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ture for her. B．He paid the rent for the girl.
C．He bought he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r some food and clothes. D．He gave the girl five francs.
5．From the story, we know that Vincent was ________.
A．kind B．rich C．famous D．creative
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【解析】
文章讲述了著名艺术家梵高的一则故事 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。圣诞将至，梵高付不起房租，没钱买食物，只得把自己的画作便宜地卖了；在回家途中遇到一个又饿又冷的小女孩，他还是把身上仅有的卖画所得的五法郎给了她，自己饿着肚子走了。
1．判断推理题。根据倒数第四 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段“Near his home, Vincent saw a little girl in old clothes standing in the snow.”可知梵高在雪地里看到一个小女孩，所以推断出故事发生在冬天。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“You might think he was a beggar (乞讨者), but actually he was an artist.”可知，梵高是一名艺术家。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中店主的话“I don’t really like your painting, but it is said that you are hard-working and I want to help you”可知店主听说梵高刻苦勤奋，所以决定帮助他。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Vi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncent put the five francs into the girl’s hands, completely forgetting that he still needed money to pay the rent.”可知，梵高把卖画所得的五法郎都给了雪地中的小女孩。故选D。
5．判断推理题。结合全文语境，尤其是最后一段可知，尽管梵高自己穷困潦倒，他还是倾尽一切去帮助别人，说明他是个好心善良的人。故选A。
基础练：
Passage1
“I spent my whole ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )life doing one thing,” Gu Fangzhou once said. Known as “the father of sugar pills (糖丸)”, Gu died at age 92 on January2, 2019. He was also “the People’s Scientist” for his polio (脊髓灰质炎) research.
Gu Fangzhou, a famous ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )medical scientist, was born in June, 1926. Gu’s family faced a difficult timewith the sudden death of his father. He studied hard and finally entered PekingUniversity as a medical student in 1944. After graduating from university, Gumade the decision to work to help improve public health.
In 1955, polio brokeo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut in Nantong, Jiangsu Province. It made 1,680 people disable, mostly childrenaged below seven. It spread to neighboring areas and made 466 people die. Guwas asked to lead polio research in 1957. “At that time the only way to preventpolio was to invent a vaccine (疫苗),” said Gu.
In 1959 Gu succeededin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) developing the first polio live vaccine. Later, he developed the “sugarpill” vaccine in the early 1960s. It not only tasted better but was more affordable (买得起的) and easier to keep. In orderto test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-oldson was vaccinated (接种疫苗). This encouraged his team totry the vaccine on their kids. They became the first group of people in Chinato try a polio vaccine. “If we don’t believe in what we produce, how can othersbelieve in it ” said Gu.
Gradually, the sugarpo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lio vaccine was made available in China. It saved millions of people,especially kids, from being disabled. In 2000, the World Health Organization(WHO) announced that China was already a polio-free(无脊髓灰质炎)country. “We feel satisfied. I can tell people that I tried my best, and yourkids will no longer get polio,” said Gu. “That’s all we hoped for.”
1．The third paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．why Gu Fangzhou did his research
B．how Gu Fangzhou’s research was done
C．what difference Gu Fangzhou’s research made
D．what difficulties Gu Fangzhou faced while doing his research
2．Who was the first person to try the polio vaccine in China
A．Gu Fangzhou’s son. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．Gu Fangzhou’s partner.
C．Gu Fangzhou himself ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). D．Gu Fangzhou’s partner’s kid.
3．When did the WHO consider China to be a polio-free country
A．Eight months ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ago. B．In the early 1960s.
C．In January of last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )year. D．At the beginning of this century.
4．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________.
A．give facts abo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut the polio vaccine B．introduce a great medical scientist
C．report an impo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rtant medicalinvention D．describe the hard work ofpreventing polio
Passage 2
A general was goi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng to fight a strong enemy. He had only one-tenth the number of men the enemy had. Hearing this news, the soldiers (士兵) were worried. They didn’t think they could possibly win. The general thought for a while and then had an idea. He told his soldiers that they could win the fight only if they followed his new plan.21世纪教育网版权所有
On the way to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) battlefield (战场), the general stopped at a temple and told his men, “After my visit to the temple, I will toss (投掷) a coin. If it comes up heads, we will win; if tails(背面), we will lose. Destiny (命运) holds us in her hand.”
The general ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )went into the temple and wished for victory. Then he came out and tossed a coin in front of his men. The coin came up heads. The soldiers were amazed and thought they would win the coming fight. They fought hard and won in the end.
“No one can chan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge the hand of destiny,” one of his men told the general after they won the fight.They believed that the gods had planned for them to win the fight.
“In fact, it w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as not like that,” the general said, taking out the coin. The soldiers walked up to see what it was, but only saw a coin with heads on both sides. The coin toss might have been “fake”, but their confidence and courage were still real.
根据短文内容选择最佳选项。
5．Why were the soldiers worried at the beginning of the story
A．Because they didn’t have a strong general.
B．Because they didn’t have a good plan.
C．Because they had lost a fight once.
D．Because the enemy had a lot more soldiers than them.
6．After seeing the c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oin came up heads, the soldiers thought__________.
A．the general ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anged their destiny B．winning the fight was their destiny
C．losing the figh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t was their destiny D．winning the fight was the enemy’s destiny
7．What does the underlined word “fake” probably mean
A．Real. B．Not real. C．Wise. D．Not wise.
8．What actually made the soldiers win in the end
A．The help from th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e gods. B．The numbers of the soldiers.
C．Confidence and c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ourage. D．Hard work and skills.
9．What can we learn from the story
A．Destiny holds us in her hand.
B．We should solve problems by ourselves.
C．Be confident and brave when we face difficulties.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
D．Wait for help when we face difficulties.
基础练
Passage 1
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了获得国家荣誉称号“人民科学家”的顾方舟的生平事迹，他因研制了骨髓灰质炎糖丸而获此殊荣。
1．段落大意题。通读第三段， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可知本段中心句“Gu was asked to lead polio research in 1957. ‘At that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine,’ said Gu.”可知当时由于爆发脊髓灰质炎，导致很多儿童瘫痪，当时顾方舟被要求领导脊髓灰质炎研究，他认为阻止脊髓灰质炎唯一方法是发明疫苗。也就是说这一段主要讲述顾方舟为什么进行脊髓灰质炎研究。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文中第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )四段“In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his one-month-old son was vaccinated.”可知为了测试疫苗，顾先生亲自尝试了疫苗。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that China was already a polio-free country.”可知，世界卫生组织在2000年，即本世纪初，宣布中国已经是一个无脊髓灰质炎国家。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主要介绍了顾方舟的个人经历以及为消除脊髓灰质炎所做出的贡献，作者写这篇文章主要是为了介绍这位伟大的医学科学家。故选B。
Passage 2
5．D 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．C
【分析】
本文讲述了一场战役中，面 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对十倍于己的敌人，指挥官通过抛硬币的方式，告诉大家“头”这一面朝上他们就会赢，反面则输，结果还真的是“头”这面朝上，战士们大受鼓舞，最终取得胜利，可实际上硬币两面全都是“头”的图案。21·cn·jy·com
5．细节理解题。根据“He had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) only one-tenth the number of men the enemy had. Hearing this news,the soldiers (士兵) were worried. They didn’t think they could possibly win.”他们的人数只有敌人人数的十分之一，所以士兵担心是因为敌人人数比他们多得多。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据“The co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in came up heads. The soldiers were amazed and thought they would win the coming fight. They fought hard and won in the end.”可知士兵们看到硬币有“头”的一面出现，心想赢得这场战斗是他们的命运。故选B。
7．词句猜测题。根据“The c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oin toss might have been ‘fake’, but their confidence and courage were still real.”可知，but前后意思转折，虽然掷硬币可能是假的，但是他们的勇气和信心却是真的，所以fake意为“假的”。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e coin toss might have been ‘fake’, but their confidence and couragewere still real.”可知，掷硬币可能是假的，但他们的信心和勇气仍然是真的，由此可推知，是信心和勇气让士兵们获得了胜利。故选C。
9．主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，面对十倍于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )己的敌人，指挥官带领自己的士兵，凭借自身的勇气和信心，所以当我们面对困难时要自信和勇敢。故选C。
提升练：
Passage1 （2021·福建省惠安荷山中学模拟预测）
This story happe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned during our trip to the US in 2013. My husband and I decided on visiting Cape Cod, a beautiful sea resort（旅游胜地）, which was about three hours’ drive from the city of Boston. We hada great time in Cape Cod and returned to Boston at six in the evening. My husband has a very good memory and a good sense of direction, so I blindly followed him, without knowing where we were heading to. And then, however, we found that we got lost. Having no other option, we turned to a young American guy. On hearing our problem, he took us to the station, which was a few blocks away.21*cnjy*com
On reaching t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here, we wanted to buy the tickets of the train by using the dollar coins but the machine didn’t work. A young woman who was standing near the machine told us that the machine was out of order. On hearing this,the young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card（信用卡）and bought the tickets for us. “Here you go,” said he, with a smile and handed over the tickets to us. We wanted to give him the ticket money, but he refused our offer and we had the feeling that he was not expecting it from us. “No, thanks,” Said he and told us to hurry up in order to catch the train which was going to leave in the next few minutes. “Goodbye and have a great day,” said he and waved to us. Deeply moved, we thanked him and shook hands with him.
On reachi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng home, we told our family about this and wanted to thank him again through the local newspaper but found that we had forgotten to get his name in a great hurry!
1．Who helped the couple during their return trip
A．Two girls. B．A young man. C．An old lady. D．An old man.
2．What does the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) underlined word “option” in paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese
A．方向 B．选择 C．爱好 D．朋友
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Cape Cod is three miles from Boston.
B．Cape Cod is a beautiful sea resort in the UK.
C．The couple had a great time in Cape Cod.
D．No one helped the couple when they got lost.
4．Which of the following best describes the young guy www-2-1-cnjy-com
A．Rich. B．Boring. C．Funny. D．Warm-hearted.
5．What can we know about the couple
A．They had no money to buy the tickets.
B．A stranger used his credit card to buy them the tickets.
C．They gave the stranger some money to thank him.
D．A local newspaper helped them find out the stranger.
Passage2 （2021·福建省惠安荷山中学模拟预测）
I used to be a p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )essimist(悲观主义者),thinking that the worst thing might happen in every situation.
Last year, my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) mother had a serious illness. I felt my whole world turn upside down and I had no idea what I could do to help her with her pain. I often cried whenever I was alone.
Last month ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), I lost an expensive dress that was a birthday present from my father. I could not fall asleep for a few nights because I felt so terrible about the loss.
There have b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een many things like these in my life. I really didn’t know how to deal with them until I read If You Have a Lemon, Make a Lemonade by an American writer, Dale Carnegie.
“When the wise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man is handed a lemon, he asks: ‘How can I turn this lemon into a lemonade How can I improve my situation What lesson can I learn from this ’” he wrote.
I suddenly realized ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that life is full of ups and downs, so I decided to stay positive(积极的) all thetime.
Now when I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think of my past, I wish I could have dealt with things differently. When my mother was fighting with her illness, I should have held her hands in mine, telling her that things would get better instead of hiding and crying.
Recently, I to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok part in a school singing competition. I didn’t win a prize. If I had not read the article, I would be sad and disappointed again.But I smiled after the competition because at least, I had got some experience in the singing competition.
Life is no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t just a bed of roses. There are thorns(刺) as well, but these thorns help us become braver and better. When life offers us a lemon, let’s try to make a lemonade.
6．What kind of thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng might happen in every situation, according to a pessimist
A．The worst thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng. B．The best thing. C．The happiest thing. D．The latest thing.
7．The birthday present that the writer lost was from .
A．her mother B．her father C．her brother D．her sister
8．Which picture expresses the writer’s final understanding of life
A． B． C． D．
9．What can we learn from the text
A．Lemons tasted more delicious in the past.
B．The writer looked after her sick mother well.
C．The singing competition made the writer sad.
D．Thorns in life can help us become better.
10．What would be the best title for the text
A．A Bed of Roses B．An Article I Enjoy Most
C．Turning a Lemon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) into a Lemonade D．A Great Singing Competition
Passage 3 （2021·山西太原·三模）
The year 20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )21 marks the 100 birthday of theCommunist Party of China and “red tourism” has become a hit. Many middle schoolstudents go out to learn things out of textbooks. Here is the introduction offour historical heroes in a memorial hall.
In 1960, Lei F ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eng became a solider and soon joined the Communist Party. He did many good deeds in his life. For example, he gave money to the parents of another soldier, and bought tickets for a stranger. After his death, Chairman Mao called on people to learn from him. Lei Feng is more than a name in China; he’s a symbol of selflessness(无私) and modesty.
Liu Hulan was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )born in Wenshui, Shanxi and joined the Party in 1946. To support the army, she offered food, passed secret messages and so on. On January 12, 1947, at the age of 14 years old, she was killed by the enemy for she refused to betray(背叛) her partners in the Party. She was really loyal(忠诚的)to the Party. Just as Chairman Mao wrote “a great life a glorious death”.
Born in Jingle County ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Gao Junyu graduated from the First Middle School of Shanxi. Then he entered Peking University and took part in the May 4th Movement of 1919. In 1921, he joined the Communist Party and became the first party member in Shanxi. He also tried to set up the Communist Youth League in Shanxi. In 1925, he died of illness and was buried in Taoranting Park:
Jiao Yulu became a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ymbol of the honest Communist Party cadre(干部) who worked tirelessly for the people. After he joined the Party in 1946, Jiao devoted his energy to fighting poverty(贫困). As the Party leader of Lankao County, Jiao Yulu encouraged people there to fight poor conditions and helped pull the county out of poverty.
11．How did Lei Feng help others in need
A．By giving away money to them.
B．By teaching them basic knowledge.
C．By leading them to fight poor conditions.
12．Why did Chairma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n Mao describe Liu Hulan as “a great life, a gloriousdeath”
A．Because she was really young when she died for the Party.
B．Because she did a lot for the Party and even gave up her life.
C．Because she didn’t betray her family in the face of the enemy.
13．Among the four peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple, who was the first to join the CommunistParty
A．Lei Feng. B．Liu Hulan. C．Gao Junyu.
14．What was Jiao Yulu praised for
A．Offing food ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the poor. B．Helping people fight poverty. C．Setting up the Communist Youth League.
15．Which spirits can we learn from them
A．Braveness and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) fairness. B．Selfishness and Responsibility. C．Honesty and loyalty.
提升练
Passage 1
1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B
【分析】
本文主要讲述一对夫妇旅游途中被陌生人帮助的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据“H ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aving no other option, we turned to a young American guy. On hearing our problem, he took us to the station, which was a few blocks away.”以及“the young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card and bought the tickets for us”可知，一位年轻人帮助了这对夫妇。故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“And the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n, however, we found that we got lost. Having no other option, we turned to a young American guy.”可知，这对夫妇迷路了，别无选择只能求助年轻人，所以“option”的意思是“选择”。故选B。21*cnjy*com
3．细节理解题。根据“We had a great time in Cape Cod”可知，这对夫妇在Cape Cod玩得很开心。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Having no o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther option, we turned to a young American guy. On hearing our problem, he took us to the station, which was a few blocks away.”以及“the young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card and bought the tickets for us”可知，年轻人给这对夫妇带路还帮他们买票，可以推测年轻人很热心。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) young American guy, even without thinking for a moment, took out his credit card and bought the tickets for us”可知，一个陌生人用他的信用卡给这对夫妇买了票。故选B。
Passage 2
6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．C
【分析】
本文主要讲述了作者在遇到生活中的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )挫折时感到很挫败，后来她从一本书中得出了感悟，那就是生活并不只是称心如意，还有荆棘，但这些荆棘帮助我们变得更勇敢、更好。当生活给我们柠檬，让我们试着把它做成柠檬汁。
6．细节理解题。根据“I used to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be a pessimist(悲观主义者), thinking that the worst thing might happen in every situation.”可知，悲观主义者总是会想到最坏的事情，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“I lost ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an expensive dress that was a birthday present from my father.”可知，这件昂贵的连衣裙是父亲买的，故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据“I su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ddenly realized that life is full of ups and downs, so I decided to stay positive(积极的) all the time”可知，她最终认为生活中总是充满了起起伏伏，决定用积极的态度面对人生，所以是“微笑”的表情，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ere are thorns(刺) as well, but these thorns help us become braver and better.”可知，生活中的荆棘帮助我们变得更勇敢、更好，故选D。21cnjy.com
10．最佳标题。根据本文最后一段“Wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en life offers us a lemon, let’s try to make a lemonade”并结合全文可知，生活不仅仅是称心如意，还有荆棘，我们要勇敢面对，如果生活给我们柠檬，我们应该试着把它做成柠檬汁，以此来表达她对生活的感悟，所以C选项符合本文标题，故选C。
Passage 3
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C
【分析】
本文向我们介绍了四位历史英雄，分别是雷锋、刘胡兰、高君宇和焦裕禄。
11．细节理解题。根据“Fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r example, he gave money to the parents of another soldier, and bought tickets for a stranger.”可知，他给另一个士兵的父母钱，给一个陌生人买票。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“she wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s killed by the enemy for she refused to betray her partners in the party”可知，她为党做了很多，甚至放弃了自己的生命，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )1960, Lei Feng became a solider and soon joined the Communist Party. ”，“LiuHulan was born in Wenshui, Shanxi and joined the Party in 1946.”和“In1921, he joined the Communist Party”可知，三人中，最先入党的是高君宇，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“Jiao Y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ulu encouraged people there to fight poor conditions and helped pull the county out of poverty.”可知，焦裕禄因为帮助人们战胜贫困而受到赞扬，故选B。
15．推理判断题。本文向我们介绍了四位历史英雄，他们都因为诚实和忠诚而受到后人敬仰，故选C。
真题练：
Passage 1 （2021·甘肃兰州·中考真题）
Six weeks before hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s97th birthday, Giuseppe Paterno made his dream of a lifetime come true: He gota university degree.
Mr. Paterno’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s story has been reported around the world, partly because of his age. But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of belief. He has encouraged millions of children in Italy and elsewhere while they are facing difficulties during the coronavirus pandemic（新冠疫情）.
Born in Palermo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in1923, the first of seven children in a very poor family. Mr. Paterno began working soon after finishing primary school. It was only after he retired in themid-1980s that he returned to his books.
“His story s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hows that dreams can come true and that you can remain young—not in age but in spirit—if you develop interests,” said Rosella Cancila, his teacher of history at the university of Palermo.
Italy’s university sys ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tem is based on a three-year degree, then a two-year master’s course.University officials are hoping that Mr. Paterno will continue his studies. △ “I have to say that in this moment, I don’t know whether I would keep on studying with the same spirit,” He said, adding that all the attention had made him a bit tired. Still, Mr.Paterno said that he would probably try to get his master’s degree but he hadn’t decided yet.
阅读以上短文。根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
1．Giuseppe Paterno’s dream of a lifetime is to ________.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A．draw people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s attention B．work to support his family
C．get university deg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ree D．encourage the children in hiscounty
2．The underl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ined word “belief” in paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．品格 B．信念 C．责任 D．观点
3．According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o Rossella Cancia, developing interests can help people stay ________.
A．young in spirit B．young in age C．healthy in body D．healthy in mind
4．Which of the followi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng sentences can be best put in the “ △ ”
A．And he is quite s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ure. B．But he isn’t so sure.
C．And he agrees ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) completely. D．But he doesn’t agree at all.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．Seeing Is Beli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eving. B．Practice Makes Perfect.
C．Actions Speak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Louder Than Words. D．It’s Never Too Late to Follow Dream.
Passage 2 （2021·青海西宁·中考真题）
Poverty（贫穷）i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a big problem in the world,but China has done a good job to deal with it and made the proud achievement.During fighting poverty, we’ve been moved by many heroes.
Helping Girls◆Zhang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Guimei ◆Lijiang, Yunnan◆Many girls couldn’t go to school because they were very poor.◆Mrs. Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1, 800 girls go to college.
Building a Road◆Mao ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Xianglin ◆Wushan, Chongqing◆Villagers lived on t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he 1, 000﹣meter﹣high cliffs（悬崖峭壁）. So it took them three days to walk to the nearest town in the past.◆Mr. Mao led villagers to build a road with their hands for 7 years. Now they spend just an hour driving to the nearest town. Local people can sell fruit to other places conveniently.
Planting Mush ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rooms（蘑菇）◆Chen Zaiming ◆Jingdong Yi, Yunnan◆This place wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s famous for its wild mushrooms. But villagers didn’t know how to grow them.◆Mr. Chen taught villagers to plant mushrooms and helped them make over 5 million yuan.
Chinese Achiev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ements◆832 counties（县）and 128 , 000 villages are no longer in poverty.◆98.99 milli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 year.◆China is responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty since the late 1970s all over the world.
6．Who helped girls go to college？
A．Zhang Guime ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i. B．Mao Xianglin. C．Chen Zaiming. D．All above.
7．How did people go to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the nearest town in Wushan, Chongqing in the past？
A．On foot. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By train.
8．Which place was well﹣known for wild mushrooms in the text？
A．Lijiang. B．Wushan. C．Jingdong Yi. D．Not mentioned.
9．How many villa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8years in China？
A．832. B．1, 800. C．12,8000. D．98,990,000.
10．Which of the following is TRUE？
A．Girls didn’t want to go to school in Lijiang, Yunnan.
B．It takes people thr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee hours to drive to the nearest town in Wushannow.
C．People used to be good at growing wild mushrooms in Jingdong Yi.
D．China has got the greatest achievement on lifting out of poverty.
Passage3 （2021·湖北荆门·中考真题）
Mr. Brown is alre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ady89 years old. He used to sell ice-cream in New York. Last month, his daughter died and left him with two grandchildren. He had to look after them.
“What should we do W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e have to make money,” Mr Brown said to his wife. Then he decided to sell ice-cream again. He got up early every morning and worked until midnight.
Steve is a reporte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r.He often bought ice-cream from Mr. Brown. Soon he learned about his story. He wanted to help the old man, so he posted a photo online. Lots of people read Mr. Brown’s story and came to buy ice-cream. That was not enough. Steve started to raise money for Mr. Brown. He planned to raise $3,000, but in fact, he got more than $201,000.
Now Mr. Brown is rich ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).He doesn’t need to make money. But he says, “I’m really thankful to Steve and other kind people for helping me. I want to help others, too.” He keeps on selling ice-cream. He gives ice-cream to kids for free. He also gives his money to poor families.
Just as the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aying goes, “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.”Try to help, and you will feel different.
11．Mr. Brown began to sell ice-cream again at 89 because ________.
A．he had to sup ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )port his grandchildren B．his wife was seriously ill
C．he loved selli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng ice-cream D．his grandchildren loved ice-cream
12．People learned about what happened to Mr. Brown ________.
A．on the radio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．on the Internet
C．from a newspaper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) D．from a TV report
13．According to the story, which of the following is TRUE
A．Steve made a l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot of money. B．Mr. Brown used all the money onhimself.
C．Mr. Brown is still ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) selling ice-cream. D．Steve raised $3,000 for Mr. Brown.
14．What is the story mainly about
A．A grandfather w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ho raised money. B．A reporter that made a difference.
C．An old man who to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uched our hearts. D．A program that helped save people.
Passage4 （2021·广西河池·中考真题）
Salt in the soil has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) always made it impossible to grow crops. But that’s now changing.
Famous agricul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )turalist（农学家）Yuan Longping said they would grow a special rice. They would turn 100 million mu of saline-alkali （盐碱的）land into farmland in the country over the next 10 years.
In 2017, Yuan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s team successfully grew rice on the saline-alkali land in Jiangsu Province. It is called sea rice. Now they have made great progress. Both China and many other countries around the world have large saline-alkali land. If all of it can be used to grow rice and grain, it is very important for food security （安全）. And it will help the UN zero-hunger goal come true.
Yuan Longping ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was named as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He helped China make a great wonder—feeding nearly 20% of the world’s population with less than 9% of the world’s farmland.Then Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save the world from hunger. The world is seeing China’s sea rice as a way to fight food insecurity.
“I had a drea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m. Rice was as high as sorghum （高粱）；ears （穗）were as long as brooms; grains were as big as peanuts （花生）. I could actually enjoy the cool under the rice crops.” Yuan said of his childhood dream. And he was one step closer to his dream.
“I’m confident in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) future of my country, and I want to do more for my motherland.” said Yuan.
15．What was Yuan Longping
A．A famous reporter. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．A famous pianist.
C．A famous headmaster. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) D．A famous agriculturalist.
16．What did Yuan’s team grow on the saline-alkali land in 2017
A．Corn. B．Vegetables. C．Sea rice. D．Hybrid rice.
17．What will ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ppen if all saline-alkali land around the world is turned into farmland
A．The people in China will stay away from hunger.
B．The people in Africa will stay away from hunger.
C．The people in many countries will stay away from hunger.
D．The people in the world will stay away from hunger.
18．Yuan Longpin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g helped China feed nearly ________of the world’s population with less farmland.
A．one fifth B．one tenth C．four fifths D．nine tenths
19．What was Yuan Longping’s bigger dream
A．The rice w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as as high as sorghum. B．He could save the world from hunger.
C．The ears were as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) long as brooms. D．He could enjoy the cool under the rice crops.
Passage5 （2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）
It was a cold, rain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y day. My mother and I drove to the mountains. It was dangerous to make the two-hour journey along the highway in such weather. I didn’t want to take the risk. But my mother advised that we go to see something at the top of the mountain.
After ten mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nutes’ driving, we stopped the car and got out. Walking along a path, we turned at a corner. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind. From the top of the mountain, I saw several fields full of flowers,shining like a carpet （地毯）before us. It looked as if the sun spilled （播洒）gold down the mountain.
A lot of ques ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions came to my mind. Who created such beauty Why How
As we moved ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on, we sawa sign that read, “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.”
The first answer was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),“One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was, “One at a Time. ” The third, “Started in 1971.”
On our way home, I w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as so shocked by what we had seen. “She changed the world. One bulb （一株）at a time. She started almost 50years ago. It was probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.”I said, “Imagine, if I had a dream and worked at it, just a little bit everyday, what might I have achieved ”
My mother looke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d at me, smiling. “Start tomorrow.” She said, “ Better yet, start today.”
20．The writer didn't want to go to the mountains because ________.21·世纪*教育网
A．she was tired of driving
B．their car was running out of petrol （汽油）
C．it was getting dark
D．it was not safe to drive in such weather
21．The underlined w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ord “path” shares a similar meaning with _________.
A．beach B．road C．bank D．village
22．The person ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in Picture ________ probably grew the flowers in the mountain.
A． B． C． D．
23．The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A．beauty always lies on the top of the mountain
B．even common people have great wisdom （智慧）
C．sticking to a dream will bring a big change
D．we should enjoy every moment in life
真题练
Passage 1
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D
【分析】
本文讲述了97岁高龄的Giuseppe Paterno成功获得了大学学位，实现了自己一生的梦想。
1．细节理解题。根据“Giuseppe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Paterno made his dream of a lifetime come true: He got a university degree.”可知，Giuseppe Paterno一生的梦想是得到大学学位。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“He has e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncouraged millions of children in Italy and elsewhere while they are facing difficulties during the coronavirus pandemic”可知，Giuseppe Paterno的故事鼓舞了很多处于困境的孩子，此处指的是信念的力量，所以“belief”的意思是“信念”。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“His sto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry shows that dreams can come true and that you can remainyoung—not in age but in spirit—if you develop interests”可知，培养兴趣可以让人保持精神上的年轻。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“Universit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y officials are hoping that Mr. Paterno will continue his studies.”以及“I have to say that in this moment, I don’t know whether I would keep on studying with the same spirit”可知，Giuseppe Paterno不确定是否继续自己的学业。故选B。
5．最佳标题。阅读全文可知，本 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文讲述了97岁高龄的Giuseppe Paterno成功获得了大学学位，实现了自己一生的梦想，所以D选项“追求梦想永远不会太迟。”是本文最佳标题。故选D。
Passage 2
6．A 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．D
【分析】
本文讲述了中国在脱贫战斗中涌现出的英雄以及他们所做出的贡献。
6．细节理解题。根据“Zhang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Guimei…Mrs.Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1,800 girls go to college”可知，张贵梅帮助女孩们上学，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“Wushan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), Chongqing…So it took them three days to walk to the nearest to wnin the past.”可知，过去重庆巫山的人们去最近的镇上，需要步行去，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据“Jingdo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng Yi, Yunnan…This place was famous for its wild mushrooms.”可知，云南省的景东彝族自治县因为野生蘑菇而出名，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“98.99 mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llion villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8year.”可知，8年来，9899万村民实现了脱贫。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据“Pover ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ty（贫穷）is a big problem in the world, but China has done a good jobto deal with it and made the proud achievement.”可知，中国在脱贫方面已经取得了伟大的成就，故选D。
Passage 3
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．C
【分析】
本文布朗先生因为要照顾两个孙 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子，不得不重操卖冰淇凌的旧业，一位经常在他那买冰淇凌的记者知道了他的困难，不但把他的照片放到网上，而且还帮他筹集到了一笔巨款，虽然这些都让布朗先生变得富有了，但是他还是继续卖冰淇凌来帮助有需要的人。21教育名师原创作品
11．细节理解题。根据“Last ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )month, his daughter died and left him with two grandchildren. He had to look after them”可知，因为他要照顾两个孙子，故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“He wanted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to help the old man, so he posted a photo online. Lots of people read Mr. Brown’s story and came to buy ice-cream”可知，人们是从网上得知了布朗先生的情况，故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据“He keeps on selling ice-cream”可知，他仍然继续卖冰淇凌，C表述正确，故选C。
14．主旨大意题。本文主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要介绍了一位卖冰淇凌的老人在得到他人的帮助之后，仍然坚持卖冰淇凌想要帮助跟多人的故事，C选项“一位触动我们心灵的老人”符合本文主旨大意，故选C。
Passage 4
15．D 16．C 17．C 18．A 19．B
【分析】
本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平在农业方面的贡献和取得的成绩。
15．细节理解题。根据“Famous a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )griculturalist （农学家）Yuan Longping said they would grow a special rice”可知，他是一位出名的农学家，故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“In 20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )17, Yuan’s team successfully grew rice on the saline-alkali land in Jiangsu Province. It is called sea rice”可知，他们成功种出了海稻，故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“Both ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )China and many other countries around the world have large saline-alkali land. If all of it can be used to grow rice and grain, it is very important for food security （安全）. And it will help the UN zero-hunger goal come true”可知，许多国家的人民将不会挨饿，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“He h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elped China make a great wonder—feeding nearly 20% of the world’s population with less than 9% of the world’s farmland”可知，他用不到世界9%的耕地养活了世界近20%（五分之一）的人口，故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据“ Rice wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s as high as sorghum （高粱）；ears （穗）were as long as brooms; grains were as big as peanuts （花生）. I could actually enjoy the cool under the rice crops”可知，从他的梦想中可以看出他是希望可以拯救世界人民免于饥饿，故选B。
Passage 5
20．D 21．B 22．D 23．C
【分析】
本文主要讲述了作者和母亲在一个下雨天去山顶 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上看风景，在到达山顶后，被眼前的美景所折服，由一个标牌而引发了作者的感慨，那就是坚持一个梦想会带来巨大的改变。【出处：21教育名师】
20．细节理解题。根据“It w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as dangerous to make the two-hour journey along the highway in suchweather”可知，因为作者认为在这样糟糕的天气里驾驶是很危险的，故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据“Walking a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )long a path, we turned at a corner”可知，作者和母亲一直沿着小路走，然后在一个地方拐弯，所以path与road同义，故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“One Wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain”可推断，是一个女人种的这些花，故选D。
23．主旨大意题。根据“Imagine, i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f I had a dream and worked at it, just a little bit every day,what might I have achieved”及全文的描述可知，作者想通过自己所看到的告诉读者坚持一个梦想会带来巨大的改变，故选C。
第13讲：中考报刊时文 + 中考题型精选（阅读理解记叙文）
时文简报
模精选
中考时文阅读
中考题型精选
精讲
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同课章节目录
- 词法
- 名词
- 动词和动词短语
- 动词语态
- 动词时态
- 助动词和情态动词
- 非谓语动词
- 冠词
- 代词
- 数词和量词
- 形容词副词及其比较等级
- 介词和介词短语
- 连词和感叹词
- 构词法
- 相似、相近词比较
- 句法
- 陈述句
- 一般疑问句和否定疑问句
- 特殊疑问句及选择疑问句
- 反意疑问句
- 存在句(There be句型)
- 宾语从句
- 定语从句
- 状语从句
- 主谓一致问题
- 简单句
- 并列句
- 复合句
- 主谓一致
- 主、表语从句
- 名词性从句
- 直接引语和间接引语
- 虚拟语气
- 感叹句
- 强调句
- 倒装句
- 祈使句
- 句子的成分
- 句子的分类
- 题型专区
- 单项选择部分
- 易错题
- 完形填空
- 阅读理解
- 词汇练习
- 听说训练
- 句型转换
- 补全对话
- 短文改错
- 翻译
- 书面表达
- 任务型阅读
- 语法填空
- 其他资料