2022年中考英语被动语态复习课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
被动语态
CONTENT
4
1
2
3
被动语态定义
被动语态结构
被动语态的转换要点
适用被动语态的情况
Part 1
Definition of Passive Voice
表示谓语与主语之间的关系的动词形式叫做语态，英语动词分为两种语态：主动语态(the Active Voice)和被动语态(the Passive Voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
Tom waters the flowers every day. Tom每天给浇花。
主语
谓语
主语为动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
主语
The flowers are watered by Tom every day. 花每天被Tom浇水。
谓语
主语为动作的承受者
宾语
宾语
Farmers plant trees every year.
The trees are planted by the farmers every year.
Many young people like him.
He is liked by many young people.
被动语态
基本结构：be + done
They visited the city two years ago.
The city was visited two years ago.
They don’t use the room.
The room isn’t used.
He will repair the desk.
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
Look and find
The desk will be repaired.
Part 2
Applicable Situation
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁
The old telephone was invented in 1876.
2. 没必要指出动作的执行者是谁
Many trees must be planted every ear.
3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
4. 动作的发出者是物
The housework will be done in the afternoon.
主语通常为物
Part 3
Structure of Passive Voice
The old telephone was invented in 1876.
Many trees must be planted every ear.
Chinese is spoken by more and more people .
The housework will be done in the afternoon.
different tense
is spoken
was
invented
will be done
must be planted
常见时态的被动语态
1. 一般现在时：
2. 一般过去时：
3. 一般将来时：
4. 情态动词：
5. 现在完成时:
am/is/are ＋done
was/were ＋done
will ＋be ＋done
情态动词＋ be ＋done
have/has ＋been ＋done
1
一般现在式的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态（主语 + am / are / is + done）
　 The desks are made in China. （肯定句）
→The desks aren’t made in China. （否定句，在is, am, are 后加not）
→Are the desks made in China
（一般疑问句，把is, am, are 提到句首）
(2019河北,32)These cakes　　 with chocolate. Have one, please.
A.fill　　B.filled　　C.are filled　　D.were filled
答案　C　句意:这些蛋糕里面装满了巧克力,请尝一块。本题考查时态和语态。主语These cakes与动词
fill之间为被动关系,由此可知本空用被动语态。又因为本句陈述的是客观事实,故本空应用一般现在时态,
故本题选择C。
2
一般过去时的被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态（主语 + was / were + done）
　 The building was built ten years ago. （肯定句）
→The building wasn’t built ten years ago. （否定句，在was, were 后加not）
→Was the building built ten years ago （一般疑问句，把was, were 提到句首）
(2019重庆,27)His car 　　 five years ago, but it looks quite new.
A.buys 　　 B.bought C.is bought　　D.was bought
答案　D　句意:他五年前买了这辆车,但是它看起来相当新。本题考查时态和语态。根据时间状语five
years ago可知应用一般过去时;主语His car和动词buy之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故选D。
3
一般将来时被动态
一般将来时的被动语态 （will/shall/would + be + done）
　（1）A new school library will be built next year. （肯定句）
→A new school library won’t be built next year. （否定句，在will后加not）
→Will a new school library be built next year （一般疑问句，把will提到句首）
(2017天津,34)Let’s wait and see whether books 　　 by the Internet in the future.
A.replace　　 B.replaced C.will be replaced　　 D.were replaced
答案　C　句意:咱们等着看未来书是否会被网络代替。本题考查动词时态和语态。主语books与replace之间为被动关系,又因为指的是将来,所以用一般将来时的被动语态“will+be+动词的过去分词”。故选C项。
4
情态动词被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态（情态动词 + be + done）
Students should be allowed to get their ears pierced. （肯定句）
→Students shouldn’t be allowed to get their ears pierced.(否定句，在情态动词后加not）
→Should students be allowed to get their ears pierced
（一般疑问句，把情态动词提到句首）
(2020邵阳,42) A new airport will be built in Tantou. But a lot of good farmland____.
A.will waste　 B.has wasted C. may be wasted　
答案　C　
(2019上海浦东) People ______ to set off firecrackers in some areas of Shanghai for several months.
A. aren't allowed B. weren't allowed
C. won't be allowed D. haven't been allowed
1. Three bridges ____ since last year.
A. have built B. were built C. have been built D. built
2. In the past 10 years, many man-made satellites ______ up by Chinese.
A. has been sent B. has sent C. were sent D. sent
链接中考
现在完成时态的被动语态：
①结构：have/has (not) + been + done
②时间状语：already, ever, recently, lately, yet, so far, since..., in the past...等。
Practice makes perfect
1. He reads English every morning.
2. People play football all over the world.
3. They bought ten computers last term．
4. The students planted many trees in 2020.
5. They will finish the work in ten days.
6. We will send the panda to Taiwan next year.
7. Alice should clean the room everyday.
8. He can carry the basket easily.
Part 4
1
不带to不定式在变被动语态时要把省略的to加上。
make sb. do sth. ---- sb. be made to do sth.
（1）Mr. Green made Jim do his homework at home.
Jim was made to do his homework at home by Mr. Green.
watch /hear /see /notice /have sb. do sth.
He is usually heard to play in the next room.
(2)We usually hear him play in the next room.
双宾语
(1) She gave Jim a book.
Jim was given a book by her.
A book was given to Jim by her.
2
send bring write
give pass lend
…to
make
buy
draw
…for
(2) I bought my brother a book.
My brother was bought a book by me.
A book was bought for my brother by me.
千万不要遗漏副词或介词。
（1） John turned on the radio.
The radio was turned on.
（2） Grandma takes care of my sister.
My sister is taken care of by Grandma.
3
People say that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
类似的还有：
It is believed that… 大家相信……
It is reported that… 据报道……
It is suggested that… 有人建议……
It is known that……众所周知……
It is supposed that… 据猜测……
4
固定表达
5
主动形式表被动含义
1.某些系动词如 smell, look, sound, feel等，不用于被动语态，用主动形式表被动意义。
2. want,need, require等动词后加动名词(V.ing)的主动形式，表示被动意义，need/want/require后也可加被动形式的不定式(to be done)。
3. 主语 + be worth doing 句式中 V.ing形式表达被动含义
School uniforms look god on us.
My bike needs repairing.
The film is worth seeing.
教材中常见的一些表被动含义的短语
1. be covered with ...
2. be filled with ...
= be full of...
3. be regarded as ...
4. be cosidered as ...
5. be allowed to do sth.
6. be made of ...
7. be made from ...
8. be made in ...
9. be made by ...
10. be used to do sth.
be used for ...
11. be supposed / expected to...
12. make sb. done
13. have / get sth. done
1.The dictionary may be borrowed for two weeks.
2. It is reported last week that the haze (雾霾）in Beijing caused many problems.
3. Great changes have been taken place in Huanggang in the past few years.
4.It is built more than 100 years ago.
5.The story sounds interesting.
6. The book is worth reading.
7. My watch needs to be repaired.
8. I was given a book by him.
revise
kept
was reported
have taken place
was built
1. Nobody knows whether books　　 by the Internet in the future. （replace）
2. Though pollution is heavy now, I don’t think it’s hopeless. If everyone starts to do
something, the world 　　 . (save)
3.Emily is glad that she 　　 for her honesty at that meeting. (praise)
4.Football　　 to our school subjects last year. (add)
5.With the development of China, the old people can___________well in the future. (look)
6. By the time we got there, all of masks _________________ . (sell)
exercise
Thanks for your listening