2022届高三英语二轮复习 定语从句 课件-（36张）
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| 名称 | 2022届高三英语二轮复习 定语从句 课件-（36张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-22 22:24:33 | ||
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(共36张PPT)
Revision of
the Attributive Clause
定语从句复习
1
The positions of the attribute:
（定语的位置）
1. This is a flower basket.
2. This is a basket full of flowers.
3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.
2
Attributive Clause（定语从句）
He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.
定语从句
先行词
关系词
关系词
(6+3)
关系代词: who, whom, that, which, whose, as
关系副词: where, when, why
3
关系词的基本用法
关系词 指代 成分 例 句
who
whom
whose
which
that
as
人
主/宾语
The man who caught the thief is my father.
The man who you met is my father.
人
宾语
The man whom you met is my father.
人/物
定语
Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.
She saw a women whose bag was red.
物
主/宾
Guilin is a city which has a history of 2000 years.
He found the book which he lost yesterday.
人
主/宾
She is the only one among us that knows French.
She is a person that everyone likes.
物
主/宾
There are some new films that I'd like to see.
The house that faces the south is a lab.
人/物
主宾表
As is known to all, the earth is round.
I hope to get such a dictionary as he is using.
He is not the same as he was.
4
关系词的基本用法
关系词 指代 成分 例 句
when
where
why
时间
时间
状语
I won't forget the day when you came to see me.
Cf: I never forgot the day that /which we spent together.
地点
地点状语
This is the place where I was born.
Cf: Moscow was the only foreign place that Mao visited.
原因
原因状语
I don't know the reason why she looks unhappy today.
5
Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand
The only thing ______ we can do is to give you some advice.
Her bag, in ______ she put all her money, has been stolen.
She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.
that
that
which
which
一：that/ which
6
7
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被the only, the very修饰时。
8
Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk
(5)先行词既有人, 又有物时.
They talked about the people and the things that they remembered in the school.
(6) 当主句是以who或which 开头时,定语从句用that ,避免重复.
9
从句前有“不定代”；
先行词前any, the only /last /very在;
或有“高、序”去替代;
只用“that”来安排。
只用that顺口溜：
特别牢记：
1、介词后面通常用which,不用that。 in that 原因是，因为
2、逗号后面只用which,不用that。（注意辨别！！！）
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was easy to understand.
2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.
that/ which/不填
that/in which/不填
缺状语
缺宾语
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which
高考题链接：
二：the way 做先行词
10
Do you know the boy ___________ your mother is talking
He gave me some novels ___________ I am not very familiar.
I still remember the day ___________ I first got to Yichang.
The manager ____________________ I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
In the basket there are quite many apples, ________________ have gone bad.
结论：
1、选介词要看先行词或从句的谓语动词。
2、介词后面常用whom, which, whose, 不用that。
三：介词+关系代词
to whom
with which
on which
in whose company
some of which
11
12
3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student.
4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.
5. Jim passed the driving test, _____ we had expected.
As
which
难点一：as的用法
as\that\which
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift. (定从)
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it. (结果状从)
as
that
归纳：
as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as, 结构，做题时要抓住。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。
as 与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首(3)时，只能用 as, 意为“正如、恰如”。
as
as多用于下列习惯用语中
as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样
as we all know 众所周知
= as is known to all
as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样
as often happens 正如经常发生的那样
as has been said before如上所述
as is mentioned above 正如上面提到的
13
14
1. I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.
2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也被扩大范围使用。
难点二：可以扩大范围使用的where
解析：当先行词是point, situation, place, stage, spot，case，family, class及activity等词时，表示“到了某种地步，在...中/里/上”，常用where 引导 。
1.We are trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sit down together and talk.
2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself
---Yes, there’s one point _____________ we must insist on.
3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing.
4. Yesterday, we had a meeting _________ we discussed many problems.
常考题链接：
where
(that/which)
where
where
15
16
1.This is the library _____ I borrowed the book.
2.It is from this library ____ I borrowed the book.
where
定语从句
that
强调句型
综合考查一：定语从句与强调句
难点三：综合考查
17
综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句
1. We all believe the news_____ our team won the match.
2. We don’t believe the news _________ he told us yesterday.
that
that/which
综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句
The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be
_____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
There was no such awkward silence _________ we had expected.
I don’t like the way _____________ he speaks with his mother.
The house __________ he paid a large sum of money last year is now worth twice as much.
He is the only one of the students ___________ (get) very good marks in the match.
He is one of the students ____________ (get) good marks in the match.
who have got
More exercises:
as
that/ in which
for which
who has got
18
①Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ____________ showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
(2018·全国卷I语法填空)
②Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，____________is not good for the health.(全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
即时训练1
单句语法填空/单句写作
that/which
which
①In ancient China lived an artist ____________ paintings were almost lifelike.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
②Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ____________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to earth.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
即时训练2
单句语法填空
whose
where
③Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am.to 5 pm.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，____________she opened with her late husband Les.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)
④They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
⑤On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth ____________ gives off light in the dark.(2019·浙江卷语法填空)
⑥The students benefiting most from college are those ____________ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.(2019·北京卷语法填空)
which
who that
that/which
who
①We all like our English teacher，from ____________ we have learned a lot.
②I will never forget the day on ____________ we went to buy guitars in the guitar store.
③The food was for her mother，____________ couldn't go down to meet him.(2021·湖南省湘潭县一中高三5月模拟)
④For instance，in Lima，the capital of Peru，there are more than 50 Chinese medicine clinics，about 70 percent of ____________ were set up by local doctors.
即时训练3
用正确的关系词填空
whom
which
who
which
①____________ is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.
②Her performances on the stage were perfect，____________ made a lot of people admire her.
③In the past few years，more than half of the bookstores in China have closed down，____________ is the result of the competition with online bookstores.
即时训练4
用as或which填空
As
which
which
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.There they met people from other parts of the country，____________ had also volunteered to help.
2.Bob is in a hopeless situation，____________ we will keep a very close eye on.
3.The only thing ____________ is slower than before is the way we drive.
分层综合演练
who
which
that
4.Lily took a few friends to my birthday party，none of ____________ I was familiar with.
5.Drinking milk also helps reduce the things ________ cause garlic breath.(2021·山西省太原市高三模拟)
6.For this people should choose an egg about 4 or 5 days old，____________ yolk is inclined to sink down.(2021·广东省汕头市高三一模)
7.I knew we mistakenly went to the administration office，____________ the two staffers worked.(2021·安徽省皖南八校高三第三次联考)
whom
that/which
whose
where
8.Later I practiced reading and writing every day，____________ I used to avoid as much as possible.(2021·四川省攀枝花市高三第三次统一考试)
9.There are paint－throwing parties at music festivals and races like the five－kilometre ‘Colour Run’，__________ is celebrated in more than 35 different countries.(2021·山东省枣庄市高三二调)
10.Known as the Newbery Medal，the award got started back in 1921，____________ Frederic Melcher suggested the American Library Association set up an annual award for the best known children's book.
(2021·广东省深圳市高三第一次调研)
which
which
when
A
The downturn(经济衰退) hit the real estate（房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.
As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road(越野) biking.
27
B
Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world".
Edison perfected an incandescent(白炽灯) bulls(灯泡) that brought electric light into the American home.
28
B
Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification(电气化), which he showed in New York City.
With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating(交替的) current(电流), which soon became the major forms of power delivery.
It's a technique that helps turn a long narrative(记叙的) into an interesting one.
29
C
New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia（失智症）in later life，and as they did，it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
30
七选五
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allows me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed.
Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.
Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career around the people and activities you love.
31
七选五
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks.
Every completion(完工) is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
32
完形填空
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39. (similar) problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 40. (silence).
The research team 44.(includes) Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 45. (ground-breaking) work on eye care using stem cells.
"I'm trying to get more and more people to 49. (understand) that there are solutions(解决办法)," said Burdeyney, a trained nurse, who is still working as a personal trainer after 50.( retirement), .
33
语法填空
Kim, Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics(学者) 56.(who/that) are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62.（if/whether）she could do so remotely, about three quarters of 63. (the) time, they agreed.
34
应用文
Hearing that you have returned to Ireland, I am writing to express my missing about you. I really can’t forget all the fun that/which we had in the China-Ireland Culture Festival last month.
We attended the literature forum where many talented writers were discussed.
Those activities gave me a rare glimpse of Ireland and furthered my understanding of the Chinese culture, which will be engraved in my memory.
35
读后续写
Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to with the intense, fiercely competitive, singularly serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.
Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades-the exact opposite of me.
When Dr. Gullickson first let me know about the situation, I felt a general concern for my teammate who have grown to respect for his tireless work ethic.
36
Revision of
the Attributive Clause
定语从句复习
1
The positions of the attribute:
（定语的位置）
1. This is a flower basket.
2. This is a basket full of flowers.
3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.
2
Attributive Clause（定语从句）
He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.
定语从句
先行词
关系词
关系词
(6+3)
关系代词: who, whom, that, which, whose, as
关系副词: where, when, why
3
关系词的基本用法
关系词 指代 成分 例 句
who
whom
whose
which
that
as
人
主/宾语
The man who caught the thief is my father.
The man who you met is my father.
人
宾语
The man whom you met is my father.
人/物
定语
Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.
She saw a women whose bag was red.
物
主/宾
Guilin is a city which has a history of 2000 years.
He found the book which he lost yesterday.
人
主/宾
She is the only one among us that knows French.
She is a person that everyone likes.
物
主/宾
There are some new films that I'd like to see.
The house that faces the south is a lab.
人/物
主宾表
As is known to all, the earth is round.
I hope to get such a dictionary as he is using.
He is not the same as he was.
4
关系词的基本用法
关系词 指代 成分 例 句
when
where
why
时间
时间
状语
I won't forget the day when you came to see me.
Cf: I never forgot the day that /which we spent together.
地点
地点状语
This is the place where I was born.
Cf: Moscow was the only foreign place that Mao visited.
原因
原因状语
I don't know the reason why she looks unhappy today.
5
Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand
The only thing ______ we can do is to give you some advice.
Her bag, in ______ she put all her money, has been stolen.
She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.
that
that
which
which
一：that/ which
6
7
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被the only, the very修饰时。
8
Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk
(5)先行词既有人, 又有物时.
They talked about the people and the things that they remembered in the school.
(6) 当主句是以who或which 开头时,定语从句用that ,避免重复.
9
从句前有“不定代”；
先行词前any, the only /last /very在;
或有“高、序”去替代;
只用“that”来安排。
只用that顺口溜：
特别牢记：
1、介词后面通常用which,不用that。 in that 原因是，因为
2、逗号后面只用which,不用that。（注意辨别！！！）
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was easy to understand.
2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.
that/ which/不填
that/in which/不填
缺状语
缺宾语
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which
高考题链接：
二：the way 做先行词
10
Do you know the boy ___________ your mother is talking
He gave me some novels ___________ I am not very familiar.
I still remember the day ___________ I first got to Yichang.
The manager ____________________ I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
In the basket there are quite many apples, ________________ have gone bad.
结论：
1、选介词要看先行词或从句的谓语动词。
2、介词后面常用whom, which, whose, 不用that。
三：介词+关系代词
to whom
with which
on which
in whose company
some of which
11
12
3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student.
4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.
5. Jim passed the driving test, _____ we had expected.
As
which
难点一：as的用法
as\that\which
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift. (定从)
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it. (结果状从)
as
that
归纳：
as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as, 结构，做题时要抓住。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。
as 与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首(3)时，只能用 as, 意为“正如、恰如”。
as
as多用于下列习惯用语中
as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样
as we all know 众所周知
= as is known to all
as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样
as often happens 正如经常发生的那样
as has been said before如上所述
as is mentioned above 正如上面提到的
13
14
1. I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.
2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也被扩大范围使用。
难点二：可以扩大范围使用的where
解析：当先行词是point, situation, place, stage, spot，case，family, class及activity等词时，表示“到了某种地步，在...中/里/上”，常用where 引导 。
1.We are trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sit down together and talk.
2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself
---Yes, there’s one point _____________ we must insist on.
3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing.
4. Yesterday, we had a meeting _________ we discussed many problems.
常考题链接：
where
(that/which)
where
where
15
16
1.This is the library _____ I borrowed the book.
2.It is from this library ____ I borrowed the book.
where
定语从句
that
强调句型
综合考查一：定语从句与强调句
难点三：综合考查
17
综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句
1. We all believe the news_____ our team won the match.
2. We don’t believe the news _________ he told us yesterday.
that
that/which
综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句
The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be
_____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
There was no such awkward silence _________ we had expected.
I don’t like the way _____________ he speaks with his mother.
The house __________ he paid a large sum of money last year is now worth twice as much.
He is the only one of the students ___________ (get) very good marks in the match.
He is one of the students ____________ (get) good marks in the match.
who have got
More exercises:
as
that/ in which
for which
who has got
18
①Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ____________ showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
(2018·全国卷I语法填空)
②Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，____________is not good for the health.(全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
即时训练1
单句语法填空/单句写作
that/which
which
①In ancient China lived an artist ____________ paintings were almost lifelike.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
②Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ____________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to earth.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
即时训练2
单句语法填空
whose
where
③Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am.to 5 pm.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，____________she opened with her late husband Les.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)
④They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
⑤On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth ____________ gives off light in the dark.(2019·浙江卷语法填空)
⑥The students benefiting most from college are those ____________ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.(2019·北京卷语法填空)
which
who that
that/which
who
①We all like our English teacher，from ____________ we have learned a lot.
②I will never forget the day on ____________ we went to buy guitars in the guitar store.
③The food was for her mother，____________ couldn't go down to meet him.(2021·湖南省湘潭县一中高三5月模拟)
④For instance，in Lima，the capital of Peru，there are more than 50 Chinese medicine clinics，about 70 percent of ____________ were set up by local doctors.
即时训练3
用正确的关系词填空
whom
which
who
which
①____________ is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.
②Her performances on the stage were perfect，____________ made a lot of people admire her.
③In the past few years，more than half of the bookstores in China have closed down，____________ is the result of the competition with online bookstores.
即时训练4
用as或which填空
As
which
which
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.There they met people from other parts of the country，____________ had also volunteered to help.
2.Bob is in a hopeless situation，____________ we will keep a very close eye on.
3.The only thing ____________ is slower than before is the way we drive.
分层综合演练
who
which
that
4.Lily took a few friends to my birthday party，none of ____________ I was familiar with.
5.Drinking milk also helps reduce the things ________ cause garlic breath.(2021·山西省太原市高三模拟)
6.For this people should choose an egg about 4 or 5 days old，____________ yolk is inclined to sink down.(2021·广东省汕头市高三一模)
7.I knew we mistakenly went to the administration office，____________ the two staffers worked.(2021·安徽省皖南八校高三第三次联考)
whom
that/which
whose
where
8.Later I practiced reading and writing every day，____________ I used to avoid as much as possible.(2021·四川省攀枝花市高三第三次统一考试)
9.There are paint－throwing parties at music festivals and races like the five－kilometre ‘Colour Run’，__________ is celebrated in more than 35 different countries.(2021·山东省枣庄市高三二调)
10.Known as the Newbery Medal，the award got started back in 1921，____________ Frederic Melcher suggested the American Library Association set up an annual award for the best known children's book.
(2021·广东省深圳市高三第一次调研)
which
which
when
A
The downturn(经济衰退) hit the real estate（房地产）firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.
As soon as she graduated from high school she left home to live on Catalina Island off the Californian coast, away from her parents, where she enjoyed a life of sailing and off-road(越野) biking.
27
B
Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world".
Edison perfected an incandescent(白炽灯) bulls(灯泡) that brought electric light into the American home.
28
B
Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification(电气化), which he showed in New York City.
With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating(交替的) current(电流), which soon became the major forms of power delivery.
It's a technique that helps turn a long narrative(记叙的) into an interesting one.
29
C
New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia（失智症）in later life，and as they did，it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
30
七选五
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allows me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed.
Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.
Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career around the people and activities you love.
31
七选五
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks.
Every completion(完工) is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
32
完形填空
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39. (similar) problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 40. (silence).
The research team 44.(includes) Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 45. (ground-breaking) work on eye care using stem cells.
"I'm trying to get more and more people to 49. (understand) that there are solutions(解决办法)," said Burdeyney, a trained nurse, who is still working as a personal trainer after 50.( retirement), .
33
语法填空
Kim, Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics(学者) 56.(who/that) are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62.（if/whether）she could do so remotely, about three quarters of 63. (the) time, they agreed.
34
应用文
Hearing that you have returned to Ireland, I am writing to express my missing about you. I really can’t forget all the fun that/which we had in the China-Ireland Culture Festival last month.
We attended the literature forum where many talented writers were discussed.
Those activities gave me a rare glimpse of Ireland and furthered my understanding of the Chinese culture, which will be engraved in my memory.
35
读后续写
Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to with the intense, fiercely competitive, singularly serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.
Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades-the exact opposite of me.
When Dr. Gullickson first let me know about the situation, I felt a general concern for my teammate who have grown to respect for his tireless work ethic.
36