语法选择题抢分技巧
技巧 1 利用关键词抢分
有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语,如果能迅速找准这些词语,再结合各选项
的意义和特点,就能很快选出正确答案。如:
1. Those who have ______ money than sense may sometimes act foolishly.
A. much B. more
C. most D. many
【分析】B。根据句中关键词 than 可知空格处应填一个比较级。
2. ______ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about
firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search
C. Searching D. Search
【分析】做本题的关键词是 and。由 and 可知这是一个并列句,and 的后面是句子,其
前面也应是句子。由于句首无主语,可推断它是祈使句,所以选动词原形,即答案为 D。
语法题抢分技巧(2)
技巧 2 利用结构分析抢手
有些试题的考点本来十分简单,但命题者却通过使用定语从句,或者将我们熟悉的固定
词组有意拆分,重新组合,使我们在结构上产生错觉,出现迷惑。这时,我们只要保持清醒
的头脑,仔细分析句子的结构,就会拨开迷雾。如:
1. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ______ New York is
an example.
A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which
【分析】C。of which 在此引导非限制性定语从句,其先行词为前面的 many cities。在
通常情况,定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后,其间不能插入其他成分,但在本题中,定语从句
与先行词被分开分,若不注意到这一点,此题很容易做错。句意为:对世界上许多城市来说,
已经没有进一步发展的空间,纽约就是其中的一个例子。
2. Please make my excuse at tomorrow’s meeting — I’ve got too much work _____.
A. to do to come B. doing coming C. to do coming D. doing to come
【分析】A。不定式 to do 与 have got much work 搭配,即 have got much work to do (有
许多工作要做);不定式 to come 与 much 前的 too 搭配,构成 too…to… 句式,全句意为“我
有太多的工作要做,不能来”。
语法题抢分技巧(3)
技巧 3 利用句式转换抢分
有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟悉的句式,就很容易选出正确答案。比如将疑问句、
强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句,将被动句改为主动句,无序句调整为正常句。如:
1. It was in New Zealand ______ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that B. how C. which D. when
【分析】A。本句考查强调句的运用。若去掉结构词 It was 和 that,将其还原为陈述句
则为:In New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
2. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,
______ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which
【分析】D。根据常识可知,rainbow 应该是在山的上方,故用 above。句中的 above which
appeared a rare rainbow soon 为非限制性定语从句,且该从句是一个倒装句,为便于理解,可
将此句转换为:and soon a rare rainbow appeared above Mount Qomolangma. 全句意为:所有
的奥运火炬手都在 9 点钟前就到达了珠穆朗玛峰,其后不久,山顶上的天空出现了罕见的彩
虹。
语法题抢分技巧(4)
技巧 4 通过补全省略补抢分
口语中常常会使用一些省略句,做题时若将被省略的成分补充完整,答案就会一目了然。
如:
1. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times ______.
A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many
【分析】A。three times as much 为 three times as much as that 之省略。
2. Can those ______ at the back of the classroom hear me
A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat
【分析】C。seated 在此用作后置定语,seated at the back…为 who are seated at the back…
的省略形式。
3. —Who should be responsible for the accident
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ______.
A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told
【分析】此题答案为 A,题意为:“谁应为这起事故负责?”“是老板,不是工人们,
他们只是按吩咐执行命令。”答语中的 as 引导方式状语从句,as told 为 as they were told 之
省略。
语法题抢分技巧(5)
技巧 5 撇开干扰结构抢分
就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语等先撇开不看,从而更容易地选出正
确答案。如:
1. ______ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
A. It B. This C. What D. As
【分析】C。what 在此引导主语从句,且在主语从句中用作主语,相当于 the thing that。
句中的 she told me 为插入成分,做题时可先撇开不看。句意为:她告诉我,对她来说最重
要的是她的家庭。
2. The companies are working together to create ______ they hope will be the best means of
transport in the 21st century.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【分析】C。what 在此引导宾语从句,且在宾语从句中用作主语,其中的 they hope 可
视为插入成分。句意为:这些公司齐心协力希望制造出 21 世纪最好的交通工具。
语法题抢分技巧(6)
技巧 6 利用对称结构抢分
此法指的是在做题过程中要善于利用 and, but 等并列连词。若其前是个句子,则其后也
必定是个句子,反之亦然;若连接的是几个动词,这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式。
如:
1. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ______ better
ones of your own.
A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced
【分析】C。句中的并列连词 and 连接的是两个对称的并列成分,由于其前的
considering…为动名词,所以空格处也要用动名词。
2. ______ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about
firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search
【分析】做本题的关键词是 and。由 and 可知这是一个并列句,and 的后面是句子,其
前面也应是句子。由于句首无主语,可推断它是祈使句,所以选动词原形,即答案为 D。
语法题抢分技巧(7)
技巧 7 巧识固定搭配抢分
在平时的学习中注意积累一些常见的固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词与形容词的搭
配等等,对做题十分有利。如:
1. It looks like the weather is changing for ______. Shall we stick to your plan
A. the worse B. worse C. the worst D. worst
【分析】A。change for the worse 为固定搭配,意为“恶化”“变糟”。句中的 change
是动词,但有时也可以是名词,如:The doctor told the nurse to call him if there was a positive
change for the worse. 医生告诉护士,如病人病情明显恶化,就马上叫他。
2. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and ______ the point.
A. at B. on C. to D. of
【分析】C。to the point 为固定短语,意为“中肯的”“恰当的”,如:His speech was
short and to the point. 他的讲话简明中肯。
语法题抢分技巧(8)
技巧 8 巧查句子谓语抢分
有时看似有两个句子,于是就选连词,正好掉进命题人设计的陷阱。事实上,有时貌似
句子的“句子”却没有谓语,其中的动词只是一个非谓语动词。如:
1. —Did the book give the information you needed
—Yes. But ______ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding
【分析】A。虽然句首用了连词 but,但它是用于与其前 yes 在意思上进行转折。由于
逗号后的 I had to read…前没有连词,所以这不可能是并列句,从而可推知空格处不可能是
谓语,而应是一个非谓语动词。根据语境,此处应用不定式表示目的。句意为:但是,要想
找到它(我需要的信息),我得把整本书都看一遍。
2. Not far from the school there was a garden, _____ owner seated in it playing chess with
his little grandson every afternoon.
A. its B. whose C. which D. that
【分析】A。此题很容易误选 B,许多同学会认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从
句,whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词 owner。此分析从表面上看,似乎天衣无
缝,但实质上是错的,原因是空格后根本不是一个句子,因为没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动
词,但它们都是非谓语动词。也许有的同学认为,其中的 seated 可视为谓语动词,但是注意,
seat 用作动词时,它总是及物的,其后要么接宾语,要么它就用于被动语态,所以若
在 seated 前加上助动词 is,则可以选择 B(当然若将 seated 改为 sitting,也应选择 B)。所
以此题最佳答案选 A。its owner seated in it playing…为独立主格结构。
语法题抢分技巧(9)
技巧 9 利用语境分析抢分
有时孤立地看留空格的那个句子,好像多个答案都可以,但与上下句的意思联系起来,
就会发现问题。因此,做题时一定要正确把握语境。如:
1. You ______ be hungry already—you had lunch only two hours ago!
A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
【分析】B。做此题关键是要注意破折号后面的语境。you had lunch only two hours ago
的意思是“你两个小时前才吃过中饭”,据此可知,你现在“不可能”就饿了,故用 can’t。
2. In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks ______ to people greeting him.
A. friendly B. lively C. worried D. cold
【分析】A。若只是简单地看 he looks ______ 这一部分,好像四个选项都可以。但从语
境上分析,则只一个选项是最佳的。do wrong to 为习语,其意为“对待……不公正”“使……
受到委屈”。根据常理,如果一个人受到不公正待遇,他会表现出不高兴。由于句中用了 in
spite of(尽管),它表明句子前后的意思有所转折,故空格处填 friendly 比较符合语境。
语法题抢分技巧(10)
技巧 10 巧用分组排除抢分
做单项填空题时,我们有时可以根据选项的特点进行分组,然后根据句中的相关信息排
除其中的一组,最后再在余下的一组中进行分析和比较,从而得到正确答案。如:
1. Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic ______.
A. had changed B. will change C. was changed D. has been changed
【分析】D。首先将四个选项分为“主动组”(A 和 B)和“被动组”(C 和 D)。由于 the topic
与 change 之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,可排除 A 和 B;再根据句中的 don’t know 和 can
feel 可知,空格入应填现在完成时,表示结果。
2. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed
【分析】B。首先根据情态动词后所接动词的形式分为“一般组”(A 和 C)和“完成
组”(B 和 D)。根据句中的 last week 可知,此处谈的是上周的情况,所以空格处应用“情
态动词+完成式”,故可排除 A 和 C;又因为 can 表推测时通常只用于否定句或疑问句,一
般不用于肯定句,故可排除 D。注意:can 表推测时不用于肯定句,但 could 可以,又如:I
could have lent you the money. Why didn't you ask me 我本来可以借这笔钱给你的。你为什么
不向我提出
3. John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $3,000 more than he ______
for the wedding.
A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned
【分析】答案选 D。首先将选项分成两组:C 和 D 为“过去组”,A 和 B 为“非过去
组”,而根据句中的 got married 和 last week 可推知,此题的答案应在“过去组”中。然后
再根据句意比较 get married 与 plan 的先后关系,显然是先“计划”,后“结婚”,而“结
婚”在句中用了一般过去时,故“计划”要用过去完成时。