2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案代词专题

二 代词
考点一：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
人称 数 人称代词 物主代词 反身 代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词
第一 人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二 人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三 人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
①名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 Whose book is it --It’s mine.= It’s my book.
②反身代词的使用需要和前面的主语保持人称和数的一致性。
如：Children, help yourselves to some fish.
反身代词的固定搭配
by oneself 单独，独自 help oneself （to）某人自用 dress oneself 打扮某人
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴 hurt oneself 伤到某人自己 come to oneself 苏醒；恢复
lose oneself in 陶醉于 believe in oneself 相信自己 teach oneself =learn by oneself 自学look after oneself 照顾自己 say to oneself 自言自语 keep sth. to oneself 对某人保守信息
同步练习：
(　　)1. ________ friend Claude from France is keen on Chinese culture.
A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine
(　　)2. Li Lei and his cousin made some zongzi by ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. them B. they C. themselves
(　　)3. My English teacher has a good sense of humor. We all like ________．
A. she B. her C. hers D. herself
(　　)4. This year President Xi Jinping wrote a letter to the young pioneers in China to celebrate ________ 70th anniversary(周年纪念日)．
A. their B. them C. theirs D. they
(　　)5. —Judy, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmate —Yes. Let's say hello to ________．
A. we; he B. us; himself C. ours; his D. our; him
(　　)6. Mr.Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading ________ books.
A. his B. her C. their D. your
(　　)7. Nancy, carrots are good for________ eyes. Eat some, please. A. my B. your C. her D. his
(　　)8. Boys and girls, you should look after ________ when your parents are not at home.
A. himself B. herself C. yourselves D. themselves
(　　)10. We use chopsticks every day and it is ________ Chinese tradition.
A. his B. your C. our D. their
(　　)11. We're practicing spoken English. Would you like to join ________？
A. me B. us C. you D. them
(　　)12. This year many doctors have become anti epidemic(抗疫) heroes. We are proud of ______．
A. her B. him C. them
(　　)13. Mrs. Green has no time to help us, so we need to finish the work by ________．
A. myself B. themselves C. herself D. ourselves
考点二：不定代词
不定代词 both neither either all none
含义 两者都 两者都不 任意一个 三者及以上都 三者及以上都不
Both的用法：
①both A and B A和B都 ②both of sb. sb.中的两个都
③both… are/were/V原 both作主语，谓语动词用复数
Neither的用法：
①neither A nor B 既不是A也不是B（就近原则） ②neither of sb. sb.中的两个都不
③neither… is/was/V三单 neither作主语，谓语动词用单数
Either的用法：
①either A or B 要么A要么B（就近原则） ②either of sb. sb.中的任意一个
③Either… is/was/V三单 either作主语，谓语动词用单数
All的用法：
①all of sb. sb.中的所有人 ②All… are/were/V原 all作主语，谓语动词用复数
None的用法： None作主语，谓语动词形式根据所修饰名词决定
①none of sb. sb.中所有人都不 none of us like it. ②None… is/was/are/ware/V三单/V原
few, a few, little, a little的用法：
肯定意义 否定意义 所修饰的名词
a few一些，几个 few几乎没有 可数名词复数
a little一点儿 little 几乎没有 不可数名词
other类：
不定代词 other the other others the others another
含义 另外的 （两者中的） 另一个 另一些 其余一些 （三者及以上的） 另一个
①other + 复数名词，表示另外一些……
②others = other + 复数名词：表示另外一些……
③one … the other … 一个……，另一个……
④some … the others … ：一些……另一些……
another的用法：①another + one/单数名词：表示三个及以上的另一个
②another +（＞1）基数词 + 复数名词：表示三个及以上的另几个 another two students
some和any的用法：some用于肯定句；any用于否定句和一般疑问句。
many 和much的用法: many+可数名词复数 much+不可数名词
同步练习：
(　　)1. Randy wrote two novels. ________ of them were made into films. I've seen them.
A. None B. Both C. All D. Neither
(　　)2. —Although these were good students, ________ of them had a score above 60.
—I can't believe it! A. none B. no one C. some D. all
(　　)3. ________ his parents work as doctors in the First Hospital of Lanzhou.
A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither
(　　)4. The school offers two courses on computer technology. One is for beginners and________ is for those who already have some basic knowledge.
A. other B. another C. the other
(　　)5. —Why don't you find some workers to repair the machines
—Well, ________ of them want to do such a low paid job. A. a few B. few C. some
(　　)6. —Where did you buy that beautiful hat, from a shop or a supermarket
—________. I am used to shopping online.
A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None
(　　)7. —When shall we go on a picnic, Saturday or Sunday
—_________ is OK. I'm free the whole weekend.
A. Neither B. All C. Either D. Both
(　　)8. I don't like the style of this T shirt. Please show me ________ one.
A. either B. neither C. another D. other
(　　)9. —What do we know about the next Olympic Games
—Very ________. The only news is that they won't cancel it.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
(　　)10. —Mum, there aren't ________ eggs in the fridge. We'd better go to the supermarket to buy ________．—OK, Let's go.
A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any
考点三：复合不定代词
①复合不定代词作主语时，主语形同第三人称单数形式：复合不定代词… is/was/V三单
②形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词需要后置 something else, anything special
③something，somebody，someone在句型中的用法与some一致；anything，anybody，anyone在句型中的用法与any一致
none，nothing，nobody的用法区别:
①nothing，nobody只能单独使用，后面不能跟of短语
②nothing用于回答what问句
③nobody和no one用于回答who问句
④none用于回答how many或how much问句
复合不定代词的常用句型：
①There is nothing to... 没什么要.....There’s nothing to worry about as long as you try your best.
②There is something wrong with.........出问题了。
③...have/has something /nothing to do with... ......与......有/无关。
④We can do nothing but... 我们什么都不能做，只能......。
同步练习：
(　　)1. —This time, we must depend on ourselves to solve the problem.
—I agree. ________ but we ourselves can find a way out.
A. Everybody B. Nobody C. Somebody D. Anybody
(　　)2. —Who is at the door —A deliveryman(快递员) or ______ wanting to sell his new products.
A. everybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody
(　　)3. It's lucky we booked a room, otherwise we'll have ________ to stay now.
A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere
(　　)4. —Amazing! Tom got the best grade in the test last week.
—________ is impossible. He studies really hard online this term.
A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something
(　　)5. Children, follow your heart and never let ________ steal your dreams.
A. someone B. anyone C. everyone
考点四：指示代词
①指示代词this和these指时间与空间较近的事物，that和those指时间与空间上较远的事物。
②that和those指代前面提到的事物，this和these指代随后要讲的事物。
③that和those常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。
The weather in Hainan is warmer than that in Beijing.
The apples on this tree are bigger than those on that one.
考点五：it的用法
① it用作人称代词，用来代替上下文提到的同一事物（同类同物）
This book is very interesting. I’ll take it.
one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个（同类不同物）
I don’t like this skirt. Could you show me another one
② it用作非人称代词，作主语，表示天气、时间、距离等。 It’s sunny today.
③ it用作形式主语或形式宾语：
It is + adj. + for/of + sb. + to do sth. 做某事对于某人来说是……的
当adj.是修饰人的形容词时，则使用介词of; 当adj.是修饰物的形容词时，则使用介词for。
…… think/find/feel/consider/make/regard… + it + adj./n. + 不定式短语
It is said (reported, learned…) that…it是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的从句。
常翻译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）”
It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语。
常译为“做…要花费某人…钱或时间”
同步练习：
( )1. Molly, my dictionary is not here. Do you have ________？A. it B. that C. one
(　　)2. The twins are so alike that even their father finds________ hard to tell them from each other.
A. it B. him C. them
(　　)3. ________ is necessary for us to wash hands when we are back home. A. It B.That C. This