2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案冠词专题复习

三 冠 词
考点一：不定冠词a/an
基本用法
①泛指某一类人或物。
A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。
②表示数量“一”，相当于one或each。
I would like a cup of coffee.我想要一杯咖啡。
③用于第一次提到的人或事物的名词前。
There is a tree in front of my house. 我的房前有一棵树。
④用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当于every。
three times a week每周三次
⑤用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
I want to have a third try. 我想再试一次。
⑥用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前。
a knife and fork 一副刀叉
用于固定搭配中
a lot of 许多　 a sort/kind of一种 at a time一次 in a hurry匆忙
take a walk散步 have a rest 休息 have a cold 患感冒 in a moment 立刻 in a word 总之 as a result 因此 for a while 一会儿 as a result结果 all of a sudden 突然 have a look/try看一看/试一试 have a good time玩得愉快
make a living谋生 What a pity! 真可惜！ wait a minute等一下
不定冠词a和an的区别
★an用在以元音音素开头的单词前
A a an apple; an artist; an actor; an Asian country； an American girl
E e an exciting job; an egg；an eleven year old boy a European country
I i an idea; an interesting story
O o an orange pen; an old man; an outgoing girl a one-year-old boy
U u an unhappy girl; an umbrella； an ugly man; an unusual story a useful book; a university ; a UFO； a usual day;
H h an honest boy; an honour; an hour a happy day; a hill
同步练习：
( )1. --You’ve dropped ____ “s” in the word “necessary”.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )2. Hide-and-seek is ______interesting game for children.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )3. —Is he ______ American or ______ European —Neither. In fact, he is from Australia.
A. an; an B. a; an C. an; a D. a; a
( )4.Don’t tell a lie. You are _____honest boy.
a B. an C. the D. /
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( )5. These days, the Internet culture is such ______ important part of society that it has even
influenced our way of thinking.
A.a B. an C. the D. /
( )6. What _____pity that you couldn’t go to the party!
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )7. My grandfather usually takes _____walk after breakfast with his pet dog.
a B. an C. the D. /
( )8.The man is driving at 40 kilometers ______hour.
a B. an C. the D. /
( )9. Although John failed again, he wanted to try ______ third time.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )10. Take _____umbrella with you. It’s _____useful tool on rainy days.
an; a B. a; the C. an; the D. the;the
考点二：定冠词the
基本用法
①用于特指某人或某物。
The man in the car is my teacher.坐在车里的那个人是我的老师。
②用在谈话双方都知道的人或物名词前。
The girl is Lucy's sister.这个女孩是露茜的妹妹。
③用于上文已提到的人或物前。（第二次提到）
Nancy has a cat.The cat is very cute.南希有一只猫，这只猫很可爱。
④用在西洋乐器名称前。
She is playing the piano.她正在弹钢琴。
⑤用在序数词和形容词的最高级前（副词最高级前可以省略）。
Tom is the tallest in his class.汤姆在他班上个子最高。
⑥用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
⑦用在姓氏的复数前，表示“一家人或夫妇二人”。
The Browns are having dinner.布朗一家正在吃晚饭。
⑧用在某些形容词前表示一类人。
the young年轻人　the rich富人
⑨用于表示方位、时间的名词前。
In the west 在西方 in the morning 在早晨 in the 1980s　20世纪80年代
⑩用在江河、湖海、山脉、群岛、国家和党派等名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the Huai River淮河　the United Kingdom英国 the Great Wall长城
用于固定搭配中
at the same time同时　 all the time一直 　 at the age of 在...岁时
with the help of 在...的帮助下 in the end最后 by the way顺便问一句
in the open air 在野外 in the middle of 在……中间 all the same仍然
in the dark 在黑暗中 tell the truth 说实话 in the way 挡道，碍事
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in the past在过去 the number of ……的数量 on the other hand 另一方面
on the left 在左边 What’s the matter with you 你怎么了？
同步练习：
( )1. —Do you know ______ girl under the tree
—She is Mary. It’s raining hard and she needs ___ umbrella.
A. the; an B. a; an C. the;／ D. the; a
( )2. _____sun rose at 6：17 this morning.
A．A B．An C．The D．/
( )3.Lanzhou is ______ capital and largest city of Gansu Province.
A．a B．the C．an D．/
( )4. She is really _____ kind person, and she's always ready to help _____ poor at any time.
A．a; the B．the; the C．a; a D．the; a
( )5. —Mike, why don't you turn left —Look at _____ sign! It says “No left turn”！
A．the B．a C．an D．/
( )6. Jim started to play _____ violin when he was five.
a B. an C.the D. /
( ) 7. The Palace Museum is one of _____most famous museums in the world.
the B.a C. an D. /
( )8. There is _____book in my backpack. _____book is very heavy.
a; The B. a; A C. the; A D. the; The
( )9. In ______end, his dream came true because he worked so hard.
A. a B.an C. the D. /
( )10. --What’s _____matter with you --I have _____headache.
A．a; the B．the; the C．/; a D．the; a
考点三：零冠词
基本用法
①一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏名词前不用冠词。
have breakfast 吃早饭　 play basketball 打篮球 play chess 下象棋 speak English讲英语
②在星期、日期、月份、季节、节日前不用冠词。
on Sunday 在星期天 in March在三月 in spring 在春天 on National Day在国庆节
③与by连用的交通工具名称前不用冠词。
by train坐火车 by air 乘飞机
④名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时不用冠词。
my friend 我的朋友　 that student 那个学生 Jim's bike 吉姆的自行车
⑤人名、地名、机场、称呼、头衔以及大多数大学、公园等专有名词前不用冠词。
China 中国 Jack 杰克 Baiyun Airport 白云机场 Peking University北京大学 President总统
用于固定搭配中
at home 在家　　 go to school 去上学 have fun 玩得开心 at first/last 首先/最后
in time 及时 on time准时 for example 例如 in fact事实上
in danger 在危险中 on foot 步行 at night/noon在夜里/中午 watch TV 看电视
day and night日日夜夜 face to face 面对面 step by step 一步一步地
★注意：有无定冠词的区别
①at the table 在桌子旁 at table 吃饭 ②at the school在学校里 at school 在上学
③in the class 在班里 in class 在课堂上 ④ in the hospital 在医院里 in hospital 生病住院
⑤go to the bed 走到床前 go to bed上床睡觉 ⑥the next year 第二年 next year 明年
⑦in the front of 在......(内部的)前面 in front of 在......(外部的)前面
⑧on the earth 在地球上 on earth 究竟 ⑨by the sea 在海边 by sea 乘船
同步练习：
( )1.Anna’ s hobbies are playing _____ piano and playing ______ basketball.
A. / ; the B. / ; / C. the; / D. the; the
( )2. Lily and Gina are good friends. They often have _____ lunch together at school.
A.a B. an C. the D. /
( )3. —Will you get there by _____ train —No, I’ll take _____ taxi.
A. / ; a B. a; / C. / ; / D. a; a
( )4.—What are you going to do this weekend —I am going to have ____ picnic on ____ Sunday.
A. the; an B. an; the C. a; / D. an; /
( )5. It's a wonderful experience and pleasant memory for them on _____ New Year's Day.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )6. Danny’s grandmother is ill in _____hospital. He’ll go there to see her after school.
an B. the C. a D. /
( )7. --What can you see in the picture --A little boy is playing ____guitar under the tree. And two old men are playing ____chess near him.
A. the;the B. /;the C. the; / D. /;/
( )8. --What ____bad weather it is today! --Yeah, I can only stay at home and play ____violin.
a; the B.the;/ C. the;the D. /; the
( )9. They made him _______ king． A．a B．the C．an D．／
( )10._______116-year-old Japanese woman who still enjoys studying ______ maths has been recognized as the world’s oldest person.
A. The; / B. A; the C. The; the D. An; /
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