2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案数词专题复习

四 数词
考点一 基数词
表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词。
基数词的读写
(1)1~12单独记：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
(2) 13~19词尾为-teen：thirteen，fourteen，fifteen...
(3) 20，30，40等逢十的单词词尾为-ty：twenty，thirty，forty...
(4) 几十几的写法：在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成。
如： 73 seventy-three 88 eighty-eight
(5) 101~999先说几百，再加and，再加末尾两位数（或末位数）。如：
178 one hundred and seventy-eight 238 two hundred and thirty-eight
(6) 1000以上的数词，先从后向前数，每三位用一个”，“隔开。第一个“，”表示thousand(千)；第二个“，”表示million(百万);第三个“,”表示billion(十亿)，然后一节一节用几百几十几的方法表示。在这类数词中hundred，thousand，million，billion等词一般都用单数形式。如：
1, 004 one thousand and four
18,657,421 eighteen million, six hundred and fifty-seven thousand, four hundred and twenty-one
4, 000, 000, 000 four billion
基数词的用法
(1)日期： 年用基数词，日用序数词。如：in 2022， on June 1st
(2)时刻：“几点整”：基数词+o’clock; “几点过几分”：分+past+点；“几点差几分”：分+to+点。
2:00 two o’clock 8:10 ten past eight 6:55 five to seven
编号：单数名词+基数词， 如：Room 12
电话号码：用基数词，可单个读，重复数字可读作“double”
年代：“in the +年代的复数”表示在几世纪几十年代，如：in the 1960s 在二十世纪六十年代
年龄：①基数词+years old 如：15 years old ②at the age of +基数词，意为“在......岁时”③in one’s +整十数的复数形式，表示“在某人几十多岁时”，如：in his eighties
(7)hundred，thousand，million，billion前有具体数字或several时， 后一般不加-s，不加of；反之，其后加-s和of。
Thousands of trees must be planted every year. 每年必须种植数千棵树。
Sixteen thousand people visit it every day. 每天有一万六千人参观它。
(8)“基数词+连字符+名词”作定语，其中的名词用单数。a three-day holiday一个三天的假期
(9)another+基数词+复数名词=基数词+more+复数名词，意为“另外几个”,如：
Another three hours = three more hours 另外三小时
同步练习：
( )1. There are days in a year.
A. three hundred and sixty five B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. three hundreds and sixty five D. three hundreds and sixty- five
( )2. Danny lives in
A. room 404 B. Room 404 C.404 room D.404 Room
( )3.Jim is in
A. class one，grade six B. grade one，class six
C. Class One，Grade Six D. Grade One, Class Six
( )4. The bike cost me yuan .
A. five hundred forty B. five hundreds fourty C. five hundred and forty D. five hundred fourty
( )5. My telephone number is
A. eighty eight two forty four zero nine B. eight eight two double four 0 nine
C. eighty eight two forty-four zero nine D. eight eight two four four zero nine
( )6. Is there any food for us
A. ten B. tenth C. the tenth D. the ten
( )7. Mary is girl.
A. an 8 year old B.8-years-old C. the 8 years old D. an 8-year-old
( )8. -----What day is today -----
A. June B. Tuesday C. It is hot D. It's fine
( )9. ---- What's the date today
A. It's Saturday B. It's July C. It's fine D. It's July 15
( )10. - -What time do you get up every day
A. It's seven o'clock B. Seven o'clock time C. At seven D. On seven
( )11. In order to make our city more beautiful, we have planted ____ trees these years in Yi Yang.
A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of
( )12. David Beckham has ___ children. Brooklyn Beckham is his __ son.
A. third; first B. three; one C. three; first D. third; one
考点二 序数词
表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。
序数词的构成
序数词第1-19中除第一(first)，第二(second)，第三(third)，第五(fifth)，第八(eighth)，第九（ninth），第十二（twelfth）有特殊形式外，其余的均由基数词加后缀-th构成。如：
four→fourth, ten→tenth, thirteen→thirteenth
整十数字的序数词的构成方法是：先将十位数词尾的y变成i，再加-eth。如：
thirty→thirtieth, forty→fortieth
(3)将几十几变成序数词时，只把个位数变成序数词，十位数不变。如：
thirty-six-→thirty-sixth, ninety-eight→ninety-eighth
(4)序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成的。如：
first→1st second→2nd third→3rd fourth→4th twelfth→12th
twenty-first→21st one hundred and fifty-third→153rd forty-6fth→45th
序数词的用法
(1)序数词前要加定冠词the，在句中作定语，放在被修饰的名词前，如：
Father's Day on the third Sunday of June.父亲节在六月的第三个星期天。
The second lesson is more difficult than the first.第二课比第一课难得多。
(2)序数词前若有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词，则不加the， 如：
Today is my thirteenth birthday.
(3)序数词前加不定冠词a/an，表示“再一“又一”。如：Try it a second time. 再试一次吧。
同步练习：
( )1. Is Sunday the day of the week
A. a B. one C. once D. first
( )2. The Yellow River is longest river in China.
A. the first B. the second C. the third D. the fourth
( )3. - How old is your son . We had a special party for his birthday last Sunday.
A. Nine; nine B. Nine; ninth C. Ninth; ninth D. Ninth; nine
( )4. Mrs. Turner have child today.
A. second B. the two C. a second D. the second
( )5. Boys and girls，please turn to Page and look at the ____ picture.
A. Fifth; five B. Five; five C. Fifth; fifth D. Five; 6th
( )6. The month of a year is December.
A. two B. second C. twelve D. twelfth
考点三 分数、小数和百分数的表示法
1.分数表示法。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，中间可以有连字符连接，也可以没有；分子是1，分母用单数，分子大于1，分母用复数。如：
1/4 one fourth或a quarter 3/4 three fourths或three-quarters 1/2 one half或a half
2.小数和百分数表示法。
(1)小数点应该读作point，小数点前后的数用基数词表示。如：
0.04 zero point zero four 3.14 three point one four
(2)百分数用percent / per cent表示。如：
3%→three percent 30%→thirty percent 0.35%→zero point three five percent
同步练习：
一、写出下列的分数、小数或百分数
1. 六分之五 2.五分之一
3. 0.128 4. 1.35
二、单选
( )1.In our class of the students girls
A. three fifth; are B. three fifth; is C. three fifths; are D . three fifths; is
( )2. of the earth land.
A. Two fifth; are B. Two fifths; is C. Two fifth; was D. Two fifths were
( )3. Over sixty percent of the doctors _____ women. A. are B. is C. was D. were
( )4. _______Kobe's funs watched his final match and _______ of them were men.
A. Million of; three fourths B. Three millions; third four
C. Millions of; three fourths D. Three million; third fours
( )5. About of the students in Grade Nine this year were been in the ____ .
A. three five;1996 B. three fifths ;1990s C. third fifth;1997 D. third fifths:1990s
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