(共45张PPT)
中考语法专项
Lesson 1
语法专项
名词和冠词
英语中的词可以根据词义、语法功能和形式特征分为十大类：
名词(noun)、
动词(verb)、
形容词(adjective)、
副词(adverb)、
代词(pronoun)、
数词(numeral)、
。
冠词(article)、
介词(preposition)
连词(conjunction)
感叹词(interjection)
词义辨析
1.Cathy has such a good _____ that she won many prizes in singing competition last year.
A. sleep B. idea C. voice D. time
2.Tom had a map with him,so he found the bookstore without______.
A.feeling B.information
C.direction D.difficulty
C
D
奖
竞争
信息
方向
名词的数
可数名词单数变复数规则变化
1.-s 一般情况下
2.-es 以s,sh,ch,x结尾 foxes matches
3.y-ies 以辅音字母+y结尾 baby-babies
4. o-es 有生命 tomatoes, potatoes,
o-s 无生命zoos, pianos
5.f/fe-ves life---lives
leaf-- leaves
-- Can I help you
-- I'd like _____ for my twin daughters.
A.two pair of shoes B.two pairs of shoe
C.two pair of shoe D.two pairs of shoes
D
可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化
1.单复同形 deer sheep fish
--How many ____ can you see in the picture
--Onle one.
A.dog B.sheep C.child D.cat
*集体名词people,police为复数，
a people意思是一个民族
a person
a policeman
B
2.表示“某国人”变复数
中日不变英法变，其他-s加后面。
Chinese
Japanese
Englishman
Frenchman
Chinese
Japanese
Englishmen
Frenchmen
。
Two ___ and three ___ are talking with___.
A. Englishman;German;Japanese
B.Germans;Englishmen;Japaneses
C.Frenchman;Germans;Japanese
D.Englishmen;Germans;Japanese
D
3.其他不规则变化
tooth-teeth goose-geese
man-men woman--women
child--children mouse--mice
All the ____ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8, because it was their own holidays.
A.man B.woman C.men D.women
D
4.复合形容词
an eight-year-old boy five-hour train
1. What a pity! Liu Xiang didn't win the _hurdles.
A.110-meter B.110-meters
C.110 meter D. 110 meters
2. --What would you like,sir --_______.
A.Two pop B. Two bottles pop
C.Two bottles of pop D.Two bottle of pop
A
C
名词的所有格
’s所有格
1.单数名词的所有格,在词尾加上 ’s。
若单数名词以s结尾，加 ’s 或 ' 皆可。
This is a girl's bag.
They are on the bus's /bus' seats..
以s结尾的复数名词所有格可直接加’
Teachers' Day
Children's Day
Mary's skirt is the same as her _____.
A.sisters B.brother C.sister's D.brothers
注意：
at the teacher's
at the doctor's
C
2.表示时间、距离等无生命的东西的名词，可以用’s
three minutes' walk
the city's library
--Good news. We will have a ____ holiday.
--I've heard of it. But it's coming in ____.
A.three days; three days' time
B.three days' ; three days'
C.three-day; three days
D.three days; three-day time
C
听说
3.两个并列名词
Mary and Tom's room
Mary's and Tom's rooms
I found my black cat in____room.
A.Jim and Mike B.Jim and Mike's
C.Jim's and Mike's D.Jim's and Mike
B
无生命的东西多用of所有格
the name of the ship
the window of the house
双重所有格: of+’s所有格
a friend of Tom's
He is a teacher of my sister's.
--With whom did you watch 2018 World Cup Opening Ceremony
--______.
A. A friend of mine B. A friend of me
C. A friend of my sister D. A friend of you
A
冠词
不定冠词的基本用法
1.泛指某人或某物
Is there a bank near here
2.表示“一”
He has a big nose.
3.固定词组 a few a moment ago
It's_____good habit to exercise for everyone.
A./ B.a C.an D.the
B
定冠词的用法
1..特指某人或某物
Show me the photo of your family.
2.指双方都知道的事
How much are the red socks
3.the +形容词表示一类人
the old the rich
4.世界上独一无二的事物
the moon the earth
5.序数词与最高级前 the first the best
6.姓氏复数前 the Greens
7.西洋乐器前 play the piano
8.习惯用语 in the morning
I play ______guitar in my spare time. It makes my life more colorful.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
C
考点1：a/an区别
a用以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用以元音音素开头的单词前。判断一个单词是元音音素还是辅音音素开头，是根据其音标而不是根据其字母。
an honest boy There is an “f”in the word “five”.
When I was doing a dictation,I left out ____ “u”in the word butter and ______ “n”in the word dinner.
A.a;an B.a;a C.the;a D.the;an
A
考点3：序数词前
“the+序数词” 表示 “第几 ”;
“a+序数词” 表示“又一，再一”
the second a second
He is __________to win the prize.
The cake is delicious,and I would like
__________ piece.
the second
a second
考点4：
the number of 与 a number of
the number of “……的数量”
作主语时谓语动词用单数形式
The number of students in our class____50.
a number of 意思是“许多”
A number of students ______planting trees on the hill．
is
are
练习
1.Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy _____.
A.food B.water C.pear D.carrot
2.--Where are the _____ students
-- They are playing football with ____students from Hilltop School.
A. boys; / B.boys; the C.boy; / D.boy, the
3.-- Do you think the _____ of this skirt suits me
--Of course! You always look beautiful in red.
A.size B.design C.price D.color
A
D
D
适合；套装
设计
价格
4. If you want to get more information about English learning, please visit our ___.
A. company B.store C.office D.website
5. --How far is your home from school
---It’s about two _____ walk.
A.hours B.hours’ C.hour’s D.hour
6. Lisa was so careless that she made many spelling ____ in her homework.
A.plans B.decisions C.grades D.mistakes
D
B
D
公司
网页
粗心的
决定
7.A /An __can use his drawing to tell about beautiful mountains,the blue sea and many other things.
A.actor B.scientist C.artist D.doctor
8.The people who are more confident have more ____ to make themselves successful.
A.education B.chances C.pride D.excuses
9.The food safety is a serious ___ in our country. We should try to solve it.
A.subject B.program C.problem D.opinion
C
B
C
自信的
借口
安全
学科；主题
项目
观点
10.--I have great _____ in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me ---No problem.
A.fun B.success C.advice D.difficulty
11.- Excuse me, haven’t you learned the new ____ law Everyone in car must wear the seat belt.
A.food B.traffic C.medicine D.education
12.Li Ming has a good habit of reading English ____ every day.
A.knowledge B.information C.advice D.news
D
B
D
建议
法律
安全带
知识
13.--What’s your favorite fruit --I like _____ best.
A.apples B.broccoli C.potatoes D.cabbages
14.I want to write for international__to become a writer.
A.chairs B.computers C.doors D.magazines
15. Ellen has to talk to her grandpa loudly because there’s something wrong with the old man’s ___.
A.eyes B.teeth C.throat D.ears
A
D
D
生菜
卷心菜
有问题
嗓子
16.The PLA man saved three _____ lives in the accident.
A.children’s B.children C.child D.childs’
17.--Look at my stamps!
---They are beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful______.
A.instruction B.description
C.collection D.expressing
A
C
说明
描述
表达
18. --Mum, there is something wrong with my ______.Could you wake me up tomorrow morning --No problem, dear.
A.pencil case B.alarm clock C.tennis racket
19.Mr. White, the principle, has made a great __ to the growth of the school.
A.contribution B.progress
C.invention D.protection
B
A
校长
贡献
进步
保护
20. At the foot of the Wulian Mountains, you can hear the _____ of the running water.
A. sound B. noise C. voice D. silence
A
21．There is ___pen on the desk and ____ pen is new.
A．a；an B．an；the C．a；the D．不填；the
2．Hello，boys and girls！Believe in yourself. If you do something with a light heart，you'll get ____ excellent result.
A．a B．an C．/ D．不填
3．Lily is ___ active girl and she is good at playing ____ guitar.
A．an；/ B．a；the C．an；the
C
B
C
结果
4．—What's ______ matter with you —I have ____ toothache.
A．a；the B．the；/ C．/；a D．the；a
5．—Would you like to come to my party this afternoon
—I'd like to，but my mother is ill in ______ hospital，I will go to ____ hospital to see her.
A．不填；a B．a；the
C．the；the D．不填；the
D
D
6．—Have you seen ____ film Where Are We Going，Dad
—Yes，it's ______ interesting film！
A．a；the B．the；an C．a；an D．the；the
7．My brother Fred woke up with ___ bad headache，yet by the evening the pain had gone.
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
B
A
疼痛
8．—Is ______ red bag under the table yours，Jean
—No，I only have ____ yellow bag. Maybe it's Julia's.
A．a；the B．the；a C．a；a D．the；the
9．I had ____ wonderful time in Beijing.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
10．—You've dropped ______ “c” in the word “succeed”！
—Sorry，I forgot ____ letter “c” is doubled.
A．a；a B．a；the C．an；the D．the；the
B
A
B
两倍的
1. —___is coming. What can I get for my mother
— What about a scarf
A. Women’s Day B. Woman’s Day
C. Womens’Day D. Womans’Day
2.–How can I get some ______ about the 2020 Olympic Games
--Why not search the Internet
A. information B. experience
C. practice D. success
A
A
搜索
3. — I always get nervous when I start a(n) _________ with others.
—Take it easy. Believe in yourself.
A. expression B. introduction
C. communication D. celebration
4. Mickey mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American ______.
A.symbol culture B.symbol cultures
C.symbols culture D.symbols cultures
C
C
紧张的；焦虑 的
放轻松
介绍
庆祝
象征
5. The cake is delicious, and I would like________
piece.
A.the second B. second C . a second D.two
C
Thank You!中考英语语法专项突破（一）-名词、冠词
【考点1：名词的数】
1)可数名词复数的规则变化
1. 一般情况下，
2. 以s,sh,ch,x结尾，
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾，
4. 有生命 tomatoes, potatoes, ，无生命zoos, pianos，
5. 以f或fe结尾的，
2）可数名词复数的不规则变化
a.单复同形
*集体名词people,police为复数
a people 一个人
b.表示“某国人”变复数
Chinese Japanese Englishman
Frenchman German
c.其他不规则变化
tooth- goose- child-- mouse--
d.复合形容词
一个八岁的男孩 5小时火车
3)不可数名词与可数名词的转换
英语中许多名词复数产生了词义变化
Please hand in your papers at once.
These are the works of Shakespeare.
【名词的所有格】
1)有生命的用’s所有格
a.单数名词的所有格一般是在词尾加 , 若单数名词以s结尾，加 皆可
b.两个并列名词
Mary和Tom的房间 Mary的房间和Tom的房间
2)无生命的东西多用
3)双重所有格:of+’s所有格
我的一个朋友
【冠词】
(
1
)
一．不定冠词的基本用法，a表示
二．定冠词的用法
1. Show me the photo of your family.
2. the old the rich
3. the first the best
4. the Greens
考点1：a/an区别
以 开头的单词前用a，以 开头的单词前用an。
一个诚实的的男孩
考点2：序数词前
“the+序数词”表示 ; “a+序数词”表示
考点3：the number of a number of
【即学即练】
名词
1.Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy _____.
food B.water C.pear D.carrot
-Where are the _____ students
-- They are playing football with ____students from Hilltop School.
boys; / B.boys; the C.boy;/ D.boy,the
-- Do you think the _____ of this skirt suits me
--Of course! You always look beautiful in red.
size B.design C.price D.color
If you want to get more information about English learning,please visit our ___.
company B.store C.office D.website
--How far is your home from school ---It’s about two _____ walk.
hours B.hours’ C.hour’s D.hour
Lisa was so careless that she made many spelling ____ in her homework.
plans B.decisions C.grades D.mistakes
A /An __can use his drawing to tell about beautiful mountains,the blue sea and many other things.
Actor B.scientist C.artist D.doctor
The people who are more confident have more ____ to make themselves successful.
education B.chances C.pride D.excuses
The food safety is a serious ___ in our country. We should try to solve it.
subject B.program C.problem D.opinion
--I have great _____ in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me ---No problem.
A.fun B.success C.advice D.difficulty
- Excuse me,haven’t you learned the new ____ law Everyone in car must wear the seat belt.
A.food B.traffic C.medicine D.education
Li Ming has a good habit of reading English ____ every day.
knowledge B.information C.advice D.news
--What’s your favorite fruit --I like _____ best.
A.apples B.broccoli C.potatoes D.cabbages
14.I want to write for international______ to become a writer.
A.chairs B.computers C.doors D.magazines
15. Ellen has to talk to her grandpa loudly because there’s something wrong with the old man’s ___.
A.eyes B.teeth C.throat D.ears
16.The PLA man saved three _____ lives in the accident.
A.children’s B.children C.child D.childs’
17.--Look at my stamps!
---They are beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful______.
instruction B.description C.collection D.expressing
--Mum,there is something wrong with my ______.Could you wake me up tomorrow morning --No problem, dear.
pencil case B.alarm clock C.tennis racket
Mr. White,the principle,has made a great __ to the growth of the school.
contribution B.progress C.invention D.protection
At the foot of the Wulian Mountains, you can hear the _____ of the running water.
sound B. noise C. voice D. silence
冠词
1．There is ______ pen on the desk and ____ pen is new.
A．a；an B．an；the C．a；the D．不填；the
2．Hello，boys and girls！Believe in yourself.If you do something with a light heart，you'll get ____ excellent result.
A．a B．an C．/ D．不填
3．Lily is ______ active girl and she is good at playing ____ guitar.
A．an；/ B．a；the C．an；the
4．—What's ______ matter with you —I have ____ toothache.
A．a；the B．the；/ C．/；a D．the；a
5．—Would you like to come to my party this afternoon
—I'd like to，but my mother is ill in ______ hospital，I will go to ____ hospital to see her.
A．不填；a B．a；the C．the；the D．不填；the
6．—Have you seen ____ film Where Are We Going，Dad
—Yes，it's ______ interesting film！
A．a；the B．the；an C．a；an D．the；the
7．My brother Fred woke up with ___ bad headache，yet by the evening the pain had gone.
A．a B．an C．the D．不填
8．—Is ______ red bag under the table yours，Jean
—No，I only have ____ yellow bag.Maybe it's Julia's.
A．a；the B．the；a C．a；a D．the；the
9．I had ____ wonderful time in Beijing.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
10．—You've dropped ______ “c” in the word “succeed”！
—Sorry，I forgot ____ letter “c” is doubled.
a；a B．a；the C．an；the D．the；the
链接中考
1. —_________is coming. What can I get for my mother — What about a scarf
A. Women’s Day B. Woman’s Day C. Womens’ Day D. Womans’ Day
2.–How can I get some ______ about the 2020 Olympic Games
--Why not search the Internet
A. information B. experience C. practice D. success
3. — I always get nervous when I start a(n) _________ with others.
—Take it easy. Believe in yourself.
A. expression B. introduction C. communication D. celebration
4. Mickey mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American ______.
A.symbol；culture B.symbol；cultures C.symbols；culture D.symbols；cultures
5. The cake is delicious,and I would like__________ piece.
A.the second B. second C . a second D.two
