2022届高考英语二轮复习：并列句和状语从句课件（41张）

(共41张PPT)
冲刺高考　并列句和状语从句
1. We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 　　　　 did the job.
2. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 　　　　 until they died，and then it was given to a museum.
1．答案与解析：but　考查连词。根据空处前后的句意可知，“自行车又旧又摇晃”与“能骑”之间是转折关系。故用表转折的连词but。
2．答案与解析：or　句意：他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两种可能性，应使用连词or“或者”。
3.　　　　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist， they smiled and pointed down the river.
4.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion
　　　　 he wants their support.
3．答案与解析：When/As　考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
4．答案与解析：unless　考查条件状语从句。句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”。
考点一 并列句
用法 连词 例句
表并列、递进或顺承关系 and During the first three years， children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school.
表转折关系 but What we are about to do is perfectly legal. But please don't discuss it with anyone.
表选择关系 or Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.
and与or用于并列句 祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承 Find ways to praise your children often， and you'll find they will open their hearts to you.
祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折
表因果关系 for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)， so He found it increasingly difficult to read， for his eyesight was beginning to fail.
表对比 while强调对比关系，意为“然而；而” I like English while my little sister is fond of art.
表在...时候 The children were playing when they heard a strange noise.
连词词组 both...and either...or neither...nor not only.. but also not...but I not only like English but also am fond of art.
固定句型：
be doing sth when 正在做.....突然
be about to do sth when. 在要做.....
be on the point of doing when..正要做..
had just done sth when ....刚做完....
单句语法填空
1. Grandpa Amu insists that he isn't an Internet celebrity (名人) 　　　　 ______just an ordinary farmer.
2.Small amounts of caffeine—a cup 　　　　 two of coffee a day—seem safe for most people.
1．答案与解析：but　句意：阿木爷爷坚称自己不是网红，只是一个普通的农民。not...but... “不是……而是……”为固定用法。
2．答案与解析：or　句意：对于大多数人来说，少量的咖啡因——每天一杯或者两杯咖啡似乎是安全的。根据句意可知，此处表“或者”。故填连词or。
3.Some people are able to lose weight on high protein diets in the short term but this weight loss is not due to eating more animal protein， 　　　　 simply due to consuming fewer calories.
答案与解析：but　考查固定搭配。句意：有些人能够在短期内通过高蛋白饮食来减肥，但这种减肥并不是因为吃了更多的动物蛋白，而只是因为摄入了更少的卡路里。固定搭配not...but...意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。
考点二 状语从句
(一)时间状语从句
1.when， while和as引导的时间状语从句
As it gets warmer and warmer， the trees begin to come to life.
随着天气变得越来越暖和，树木开始恢复生机。
when 从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
while 从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as 从句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”
2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
(1)as soon as， the moment， the minute， the instant， immediately， directly
The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work， she was filled with joy.
我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly ... when...， no sooner ... than... 结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
3.before， since引导的时间状语从句
(1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。
常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋before... 过了……时间才……；
②It won't be/wasn't＋一段时间＋before... 没过多久就……。
We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。
If you miss this chance， it may be years before you get another one.
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
As is reported， it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.
正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。
4.till/until引导的时间状语从句
till/until用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not... until/till... 表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。
[2021·全国乙卷]It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s.
直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。
5.every time，each time， next time， the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句
By the time he arrived at the station， the train had left.
当他到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
by the time引导的时间状语，从句如果用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；从句如果用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。
(二)让步状语从句
1.although， though， as和while引导的让步状语从句
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
Although these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now.
虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Hot as/though the night air was， we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
(2)though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表示转折，置于句末或句中。
(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
While some people are motivated by a need for success， others are motivated by a fear of failure.
尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励，但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。
(4)as， though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装的两种特殊情况
①如果是名词单数或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。
Youngest as/though he is in our class， he speaks English best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但他英语说得最好。
②行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may， might， can， could， will， would等情态动词，若没有情态动词，则需加上一个do(does或did)。若前置的行为动词是及物动词，则其宾语也随其后一并提前。
Search as they would here and there， they could find nothing in the room.
尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
2.even if与even though 引导的让步状语从句
even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't get much exercise.
蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3.“疑问词＋ ever”引导的让步状语从句
where(what，who，whom，when，which，how)＋ ever表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter where(what，who，whom，when，which， how)。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
However/No matter how hard you try， it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
4.whether... or... 引导的让步状语从句
whether... or... 意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
All people， whether they are old or young， rich or poor， have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
2．条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句的常见引导词if，unless，as/so long as, in case (万一), once, on condition that, provided/providing (that), supposing (that)等。
My parents don't mind what job I do as long as I am happy.
只要我高兴，我的父母不在意我从事什么工作。
(2)条件状语从句的时态
用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success.
如果每个人都尽自己的一份力，这个项目一定会成功。
(三)其他状语从句
从句类型 连词
条件状语从句 if， unless(＝if... not)， so/as long as(只要)， on condition that， in case (万一)，suppose/supposing， provided/providing
原因状语从句 because， for， as， since， now that，considering that (考虑到，鉴于)
目的状语从句 so that， in order that， in case (以防)；for fear that (以免)
结果状语从句 so that， so... that...， such... that...
地点状语从句 where， wherever
方式状语从句 as (正如，正像)， as if/as though (好像)
比较状语从句 than， as... as...， not as/so... as...
4．原因状语从句
(1)because用来回答why的提问，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.
老人让露西挪到另一把椅子上，因为他想坐在妻子旁边。
(2)since/now(in) that表示已知的理由、稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首；as引导的从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。

名师点津　when, seeing that, considering that 表示“既然；考虑到”，也可引导原因状语从句。
She is very active, considering that she is getting in years.
考虑到她已年事渐高，她还是很活跃的。
3．[2021·太原二模]I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate ________ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.
4．[2021·山东省济南市高三模拟]The doctor was certain I would test positive for coronavirus, but gave me the option to test ________ I wanted to know for sure. I opted to be tested.
答案与解析：when　考查连词。hardly...when...意为“一……就……”，为固定用法，符合语境，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。
答案与解析：if　考查连词。句意：医生肯定我会检测出冠状病毒阳性，但如果我想确定的话，他给了我检测的选择权。由语境可知，此处表“条件”，应用连词if。
5．[2018·江苏卷]________ you can sleep well，you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
答案与解析：Unless　句意为：如果你睡不好觉的话，一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力，无法做计划，也无法保持干劲了。考查状语从句。根据语境此处考查条件状语从句，unless＝if...not“除非……；如果不……”。
考点二 其他状语从句
1.地点状语从句
where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。同时地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
When solving the problem a second time，you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.
＝When solving the problem a second time，you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake.
再次解决这个问题时，你最好在上次出错的地方更仔细一些。
Where there's a will, there's a way.
有志者，事竟成。
2．目的状语从句
(1)so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词can，could 等；in order that引导的从句可位于主句之前或之后，so that引导的从句只能位于主句之后；
(2)for fear that (唯恐；以防)与in case引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词有时也用should/might/could＋动词原形。
The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father might see him.
男孩躲在树后，怕他父亲看见他。
3．结果状语从句
(1)so that引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句前可加逗号。
We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.
我们把收音机音量调大，这样每个人都能听到新闻。
(2)so ... that中so后面跟形容词或副词；such...that中such后面跟名词。
Jack is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
＝Jack is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
杰克是一个非常诚实的工人，我们都相信他。
4．方式状语从句
(1)as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照”。
Will you please do the experiment as I am doing
请你像我一样做这个实验好吗？
(2)as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样；从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实相反。
Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.
杰克什么也没说，但老师朝他笑了笑，好像他做了件很聪明的事。

5．比较状语从句
as ... as; not so/as ... as; the same ... as表示相同程度的比较，肯定句用as ...as，否定句可用not as ... as或not so ... as。
He doesn't run so/as fast as Jack (does)．
他跑得没有杰克快。
题组微练(单句语法填空)
1．[2018·天津卷]Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
2．[2021·济南市高三针对性练习] The Chinese have such a close relationship with tea ________ they have developed an entire “Tea Culture”．
答案与解析：that　句意为：到周末我们再摘这些桃子吧，那样的话它们就变得足够甜能吃了。本题考查状语从句。由设空处后的内容可判断设空处引导目的状语从句，故答案为that，即so that引导目的状语从句。
答案与解析：that　考查固定结构。分析该句结构并结合句意可知，该句使用了“such...that...”结构来引导结果状语从句。故用that。
3．[2019·天津卷]Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.
4．[2018·北京卷]________ we don't stop climate change，many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
5．[2017·北京卷]If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ________ you figure it out.
答案与解析：unless　考查状语从句。句意：汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。根据语境可知，这里用从属连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。
答案与解析：If　句意为：如果我们不制止气候变化，世界上的很多动物和植物将会死去。本题考查状语从句。根据句意可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填If。
答案与解析：until　unitl“直到”，引导时间状语从句。
语法填空解题技法
【典例感悟】
1．[2021·河北衡水中学一调]The song “A little bit longer” by Nick Jonas is ________ an emotional and inspiring song that whenever I hear it, I always come close to dropping down tears.
2．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
答案与解析：such　句意：Nick Jonas所写的《坚持到底》是如此抒情、鼓舞人心的一首歌，以至于每当我听到它时几乎都会落泪。此处为“such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that从句”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。
答案与解析：When/As　考查状语从句。When/As在句中表示“当……时”。
You won't find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practising it.
只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。
Just as a single word can change the meaning of a sentence， a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思那样，单个句子也能改变一段文字的意思。
He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture.
他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的东西。
单句语法填空
1.Every day Mei watched them_________
they flew， which helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so important to his art.
2.　　　　 he wants to convey，the writer is expected to be good at summarization and Chinese to produce a couplet with a few characters that is excellent in both content and language.
1．答案与解析：as/ when　句意：每天梅婧都看着它们飞翔，这帮助他发展了富有表现力的眼部运动，这对他的艺术非常重要。as/ when引导时间状语从句， 意为“当……时候”， 符合语境。
2．答案与解析：Whatever　考查让步状语从句。句意：无论作者想传达什么，他都得有好的概括力，用汉语写出一副内容和语言都很好的对联。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处所在的句子为让步状语从句，从句中的convey是及物动词，故引导词作convey的宾语，此处表示“无论什么”。故填Whatever。
3. In China， food delivery men are always in a rush between traffic regardless of wind or rain. 　　　　 they make our life more convenient， this can come at a cost for them.
4.　　　　 or not you agree， the saying does reflect its vital role in the city's evolution(演变).
3．答案与解析：Although/Though/While
句意：虽然他们使我们的生活更方便，但他们要付出很大代价。分析句子可知，设空处引导的是让步状语从句，设空处为引导词。故填Although/Though/While。
4．答案与解析：Whether　句意：不管你是否同意，这句话确实反映了它在城市发展中的重要作用。whether... or not...“无论……还是……”，符合语境。
Ⅰ.语法填空
The locals jokingly call Munich “the village of a million people”. Although it is Germany's third 1.　　　　 (large) city， Munich is sleepy and quiet for most of the year. However， when it comes to Oktoberfest， it becomes the setting for a giant party， 2.___________
(attract) visitors from all over the world.
1．答案与解析：largest　考查形容词的最高级。此处表示“它是德国第三大城市”，空处需用形容词最高级。
2．答案与解析：attracting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是becomes，空处在句中为非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语party之间为主动关系，应用动词 ing形式。
Lasting 16－18 days and ending 3.　　　　 the first Sunday in October， Oktoberfest started in 1810 as part of a festival to celebrate the 4.________
(marry) of Prince Ludwig. Though the dances and horse races were not repeated， locals liked the beer and food so much that they turned this festival into 5.　　　　 tradition.
3．答案与解析：on　考查介词。表示具体某一天前用介词on。
4．答案与解析：marriage　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处为“the...of...”结构，空处应用名词形式。
5．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰可数名词tradition，表泛指，且tradition的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
During the festival， people gather in the beer hall or huge tents 6.
　　　　 (sample) beer from every part of Germany. Over six million litres of beer 7.　　　　 (drink)—enough to fill up 16 swimming pools！ Don't forget to try some 8.　　　　 (taste) white sausages， potato soup， or whole roasted chicken when you are enjoying your drink.
6．答案与解析：to sample　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和语境可知，此处表示“人们聚集在啤酒大厅和大帐篷里品尝来自德国各地的啤酒”，应用动词不定式短语作目的状语。
7．答案与解析：are drunk　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；结合语境和本段叙述所使用的时态可知，此处需用一般现在时；“啤酒被喝”表被动；又因主语Over six million litres of beer为复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数形式。
8．答案与解析：tasty　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词，需用形容词。
While you are there， check out some of Munich's 9.　　　　 (sight). Marienplatz is the city's main square. It dates from 1158 and is 10._______
you will find the city's most beautiful buildings. And be sure to visit Munich's parks， which are some of Europe's best.
9．答案与解析：sights　考查名词复数。sight作“名胜，风景”之意时用复数形式。
10．答案与解析：where　考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导表语从句，结合句意可知，此处指玛丽利广场这个地方，应用where。
Ⅱ.写作运用
补全下面写作， 注意连词的运用。
Dear Peter，
Glad to hear from you 1.　 　　　　　　　　　　　(欢迎你七月份来中国). I’m greatly willing to introduce some significant Chinese customs to you.
and you’re welcome to China in July
Firstly， we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going？ ” or “Are you busy？ ” to express our care. Secondly， 2.________________________________________________
　　　　　　　　(当受到表扬时， 我们回答“哦， 不！ ”或者“过奖了”来表现出礼貌). Additionally， 3._____________________________
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　(收到礼物时， 我们通常会说“没必要”， 也会说“谢谢”， 以示礼貌， 然后把它收起来). Finally， at dinner parties， we talk loudly and touch glasses 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(当我们为某人的健康或成功而喝酒时) to show that we’re warm.
when praised, we reply with “Oh, no! ” or “I'm over－praised” to
show good manners
when receiving a gift, we usually say
“It’s unnecessary” as well as “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away
when drinking to someone’s health or success
Anyhow， different cultures， different customs.
5.　　　　　　　 　　　　　　(如果你入乡随俗， 你会在这里享受更多的时光).
I hope what’s mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
If you do as the Romans do when in Rome, you’ll enjoy more of your stay here