2022届高考英语二轮复习：主谓一致课件（33张）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：主谓一致课件（33张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-24 17:11:54 | ||
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(共33张PPT)
Subject-verb agreement
主谓一致
Tom and Jack ___ to Hongkong next week.
A. is going B. are going C. go D.goes
2.Linda together with her friends ___ shopping every Sunday afternoon.
A.is going B. go C. goes D. are going
3.There __ a pair of glasses on the desk, which is made in Taiwan.
A.being B.are C. is D.to be
4.Either you or Tim __ going to attend the meeting.
A. are B. is C. to be D.will be
5. Every means ______ tried but without much result.
A. has been B. have been C. are D. is
学前诊断
英语句子中谓语动词的数必须与主语的人称和数取得一致，这就叫作主谓一致。
主谓一致的定义
1 语法一致原则
2 意义一致原则
3 就近一致原则
主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：
语法一致原则
一. 谓语动词要用单数形式
主语是:
1.单数名词或不可数名词
The food they served ______ (be) delicious.
2.动名词, 不定式或从句
Skating in winter _______ (be) great fun.
To see _______(be) to believe.
That he is absent _______(worry) all his family.
Reading books and watching TV ____ (be) my hobbies.
is
is
is
worries
多个动名词和不定式做主语，谓语动词用复数
are
★由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式
What he said ____ very important for us all.
What I bought _______ three English books.
What I say and do _____ helpful for you.
is
were
are
3. a large quantity (amount) of +名词
A large amount of water _____ what I need now.
is
4.不定代词(either, neither, each, every 或no＋单数名词)和复合不定代词(any-, some-, every-, no-)作主语
口诀
不定代词作主语，谓语动词用 .
除了 and .
both
all
三单
Either of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.
is
Both of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.
are
任意一个
两者都
[注意] 若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以
None of them ____________the answer.(know)
None of this money ____ mine.(be)
is
knows/know
more than a……：多于一…，不止一…
more than one + 单n ,谓语动词用 .
单数
复数
More than two friends (have) cars.
have
more than two + 复n ,谓语动词用 .
不止一个
不止两个，两个以上
More than one worker___(be) going to lose______ (his,their) jobs.
is
their
5. more than a(n)/one + 单数名词（不止一……）”，“many a(n) (许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用单数
many a + 单n
许多
Many a student (be) discussing the problem.
is
二. 谓语动词要用复数形式
主语属于以下情况
1. 复数名词
2. 由and或both…and连接并列主语时
Tom and Mike share the same bedroom.
[注意]
①由and连接的两个并列名词由each, every, no, many a 等词修饰时, 谓语动词仍用单数. 此类结构为:
each…and each…, every…and every…,
no…and no…, many a …and many a…
Many a boy and many a girl _____ been there. (have)
has
② and连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数
The poet and doctor (have) come.
has
The poet and the doctor (have) come.
have
The bread and butter (be) on the table.
is
The bread and the butter (be) on the table.
are
and
兼
和
夹
和
那个诗人兼医生
那个诗人和那个医生，两个人
那个夹黄油的面包
面包和黄油
冠 + n and 冠 + n
冠 + n and n
双冠，谓语动词复数
单冠，谓语动词单数
and连接词表示同一概念(配套事物)时，谓语动词用单数
bread and butter
奶油面包
a watch and chain
一块带链的手表
a knife and fork
刀叉
a coat and tie
一件配有领带的上衣
a cart and horse
一辆马车
3. 成双成套的词
The glasses (be) on your nose.
are
This pair of glasses (be) mine.
is
trousers
pants
裤子
裤子
shorts
glasses
短裤
眼镜
gloves
compasses
手套
圆规
单独做主语，谓语动词用 。
复数
和pair连用，谓语动词 。
取决于pair的形式
This two pairs of shoes (be) mine.
are
三. 谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式
The teacher together with his students (be) reading books now.
is
Nobody but Tom and Mary (know) the secret.
knows
1.就前原则
主语 +
with/together with(和…一起)
as well as(和…一样)
except/but(除了…，不再有)
along with(和…一起)
besides/in addition to(除了… 还有)
谓语动词只看主语
rather than (而不是…)
2. 当pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主语时, 谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致
This kind of bananas _____(taste) delicious.
These pairs of trousers _____(fit) you.
tastes
fit
注意： 主语为a large quantity of +名词，quantities of+名词时，谓语动词根据主语中心词quantity或amount 的数决定。
Large quantities of water _____ （be) polluted.
are
3.当分数、百分数，数量+of+名词作主语时,
谓语与该名词保持一致
the rest of
剩下的，其余的
most of
大多数
the majority/minority of
…的大多数/少数
plenty of
大量的，足够的
half of
一半…
a lot of/lots of
分数/百分数
a part of
一部分…
all of
All of us______ attended the lecture about Pompeii.
Most of the lecture _____ about how the ancient city was discovered.
have
was
所有的
许多，大量
1. 在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致
四. 定语从句、强调句、倒装句的谓语动词形式
He is one of my friends who ____ working hard.
He is the (only) one of my friends who ____ working hard.
are
is
one of +________,
the only one of +________——______
复数名词
做先行词，引导定从，定从的谓语动词用复数
复数名词
单数
2. 在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致
It is I who _____ going to the cinema tonight.
It is we who _____ going to the cinema tonight.
am
are
3. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致
On the wall _____ many pictures.
Between the two hills ________ (stand) a monument.
are
stands
注意: population, number
1, population 作主语时, 谓(单数)
分数等+population时, 谓(复数)
the population of that country __ very small.
seventy-five percent of the population of china ____ peasants.
2, a number of +名词复数(许多…), 谓(复数)
the number of +名词复数(…的数量),谓(单数)
A number of students ___ (go) to the library.
The number of students ____ 40.
is
are
go
is
一.时间金钱问题
基数词+表时间/距离/价值或其他度量单位的名词时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体.
Ten dollars is a price for that hat.
Thirty miles is not a long distance.
意义一致原则
二. 书名,报刊名,戏剧句, 国家名
当此类名词或词组作主语时,常看作一个整体, 谓语动词用单数形式.
New York Times is a very good newspaper.
The United States was founded in 1776.
三.以 ics结尾的一些学科名词
以 ics结尾的一些学科名词，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works 等都属于形式上是复数， 实际意义为单数的名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式
The paper works was built in 1990.
I don't think physics is easy to study.
四.冠词
The + 姓氏 + s ：
表示一家人，谓语动词用 。
复数
The + adj ：
表示一类人，谓语动词用 。
复数
The Blacks (be) watching TV now.
are
The good (be) happy.
are
the dead
死人
the living
活人
the rich
富人
the poor
穷人
the sick
病人
the young
年轻人
the old
老人
the disabled
残疾人
the blind
盲人
当主语是army, audience, class, crowd, band, crowd, class, dozen, family, public 和team 等集合名词时，如果表达整体概念，谓语动词用单数，如果强调集合里的个体，谓语动词用复数。
Our team ____ very important to me.
Our team ______ now making their way to Xinjiang.
The cattle_______ eating grass near the river.
特殊4： 集合名词 people, police, cattle 作主语时，谓语动词无论什么时候都应当使用复数形式。
The police_______ looking for the missing boy.(be)
is
are
are
五. 集体名词
are
团队的词确定单复数
family
单数
class
team
club
group
家人
同学
队员
成员
组员
家庭
班级
队
俱乐部
组
复数
指团队中的成员，就用复数。
指整个团队，就用单数。
My family _______ (be) very small.
My family _______(be) having lunch now
is
are
六. 单复数形式相同的名词
sheep deer means aircraft 等
根据具体意义决定
Every means _____ been tried.=
All means ______ been tried. (have)
There ____ sheep over there. (be)
has
have
are
七. a half 表“半个”的用法
a＋名词单数＋a half 谓语动词用单数形式
one and a half＋名词复数,其谓语动词单数或复数均可
An hour and a half ____ allowed for the exam.
One and a half hours ______ allowed for the exam.
is
is/are
either A or B
neither A nor B
就近一致原则
not only A but also B
there be A and B
或者 A 或者 B
既不 A 也不 B
不但 A 而且 B
有 A 和 B
谓语与最靠近的名词（代词）保持一致。
Either you or he (be) right.
is
Either he or you (be) right.
are
Both you and he (be) right.
Both he and you (be) right.
are
are
both A and B：两者都……，不适用就近原则。
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．If people outside China learned a bit about jasmine tea culture，they would realize there ________ (be) a lot of enjoyment in it.2．She is one of those who ________ (be) always complaining about everything and hard to please.3．Feeding birds ________ (be) good for everyone. Birders enjoy watching the birds, while the birds get enough food to survive in big cities.
is
are
is
4．Many a German expert and many a British specialist as well as the professors ______________ (invite)to be present at the meeting.5．How close teachers and friends are to the kids ________ (have)a strong influence on the development of their characters.6．Between the two buildings ________ (stand)our library which is my favorite place on campus.7．Next door to ours ________ (live) a black couple, who seem to have settled in this community for quite a long time.
has been invited
has
stands
lives
8．As far as I _______________ (concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese English dictionary within easy reach.9．Nowadays signs prohibiting smoking ________ (be) a common sight in restaurants, tea houses and shopping malls.10．Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ (be) essential to their development.11．How to survive without friends ________ (be) the most difficult challenge for Chuck while living on the island.
am concerned
are
is
is
12．Two fifths of the land in that district ________ (be) covered with trees and grass.13．It is reported that many a new house ____________ (build) at present in the disaster area.14．A great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake ________ (send) to live families in other cities.15．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ________ (be) saved for other purposes.
is
is being built
were sent
were
Thank you!
Subject-verb agreement
主谓一致
Tom and Jack ___ to Hongkong next week.
A. is going B. are going C. go D.goes
2.Linda together with her friends ___ shopping every Sunday afternoon.
A.is going B. go C. goes D. are going
3.There __ a pair of glasses on the desk, which is made in Taiwan.
A.being B.are C. is D.to be
4.Either you or Tim __ going to attend the meeting.
A. are B. is C. to be D.will be
5. Every means ______ tried but without much result.
A. has been B. have been C. are D. is
学前诊断
英语句子中谓语动词的数必须与主语的人称和数取得一致，这就叫作主谓一致。
主谓一致的定义
1 语法一致原则
2 意义一致原则
3 就近一致原则
主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：
语法一致原则
一. 谓语动词要用单数形式
主语是:
1.单数名词或不可数名词
The food they served ______ (be) delicious.
2.动名词, 不定式或从句
Skating in winter _______ (be) great fun.
To see _______(be) to believe.
That he is absent _______(worry) all his family.
Reading books and watching TV ____ (be) my hobbies.
is
is
is
worries
多个动名词和不定式做主语，谓语动词用复数
are
★由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式
What he said ____ very important for us all.
What I bought _______ three English books.
What I say and do _____ helpful for you.
is
were
are
3. a large quantity (amount) of +名词
A large amount of water _____ what I need now.
is
4.不定代词(either, neither, each, every 或no＋单数名词)和复合不定代词(any-, some-, every-, no-)作主语
口诀
不定代词作主语，谓语动词用 .
除了 and .
both
all
三单
Either of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.
is
Both of streets (be) lined by trees and flowers.
are
任意一个
两者都
[注意] 若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以
None of them ____________the answer.(know)
None of this money ____ mine.(be)
is
knows/know
more than a……：多于一…，不止一…
more than one + 单n ,谓语动词用 .
单数
复数
More than two friends (have) cars.
have
more than two + 复n ,谓语动词用 .
不止一个
不止两个，两个以上
More than one worker___(be) going to lose______ (his,their) jobs.
is
their
5. more than a(n)/one + 单数名词（不止一……）”，“many a(n) (许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用单数
many a + 单n
许多
Many a student (be) discussing the problem.
is
二. 谓语动词要用复数形式
主语属于以下情况
1. 复数名词
2. 由and或both…and连接并列主语时
Tom and Mike share the same bedroom.
[注意]
①由and连接的两个并列名词由each, every, no, many a 等词修饰时, 谓语动词仍用单数. 此类结构为:
each…and each…, every…and every…,
no…and no…, many a …and many a…
Many a boy and many a girl _____ been there. (have)
has
② and连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数
The poet and doctor (have) come.
has
The poet and the doctor (have) come.
have
The bread and butter (be) on the table.
is
The bread and the butter (be) on the table.
are
and
兼
和
夹
和
那个诗人兼医生
那个诗人和那个医生，两个人
那个夹黄油的面包
面包和黄油
冠 + n and 冠 + n
冠 + n and n
双冠，谓语动词复数
单冠，谓语动词单数
and连接词表示同一概念(配套事物)时，谓语动词用单数
bread and butter
奶油面包
a watch and chain
一块带链的手表
a knife and fork
刀叉
a coat and tie
一件配有领带的上衣
a cart and horse
一辆马车
3. 成双成套的词
The glasses (be) on your nose.
are
This pair of glasses (be) mine.
is
trousers
pants
裤子
裤子
shorts
glasses
短裤
眼镜
gloves
compasses
手套
圆规
单独做主语，谓语动词用 。
复数
和pair连用，谓语动词 。
取决于pair的形式
This two pairs of shoes (be) mine.
are
三. 谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式
The teacher together with his students (be) reading books now.
is
Nobody but Tom and Mary (know) the secret.
knows
1.就前原则
主语 +
with/together with(和…一起)
as well as(和…一样)
except/but(除了…，不再有)
along with(和…一起)
besides/in addition to(除了… 还有)
谓语动词只看主语
rather than (而不是…)
2. 当pair of/ kind of/ type of/sort of等作主语时, 谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致
This kind of bananas _____(taste) delicious.
These pairs of trousers _____(fit) you.
tastes
fit
注意： 主语为a large quantity of +名词，quantities of+名词时，谓语动词根据主语中心词quantity或amount 的数决定。
Large quantities of water _____ （be) polluted.
are
3.当分数、百分数，数量+of+名词作主语时,
谓语与该名词保持一致
the rest of
剩下的，其余的
most of
大多数
the majority/minority of
…的大多数/少数
plenty of
大量的，足够的
half of
一半…
a lot of/lots of
分数/百分数
a part of
一部分…
all of
All of us______ attended the lecture about Pompeii.
Most of the lecture _____ about how the ancient city was discovered.
have
was
所有的
许多，大量
1. 在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致
四. 定语从句、强调句、倒装句的谓语动词形式
He is one of my friends who ____ working hard.
He is the (only) one of my friends who ____ working hard.
are
is
one of +________,
the only one of +________——______
复数名词
做先行词，引导定从，定从的谓语动词用复数
复数名词
单数
2. 在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致
It is I who _____ going to the cinema tonight.
It is we who _____ going to the cinema tonight.
am
are
3. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致
On the wall _____ many pictures.
Between the two hills ________ (stand) a monument.
are
stands
注意: population, number
1, population 作主语时, 谓(单数)
分数等+population时, 谓(复数)
the population of that country __ very small.
seventy-five percent of the population of china ____ peasants.
2, a number of +名词复数(许多…), 谓(复数)
the number of +名词复数(…的数量),谓(单数)
A number of students ___ (go) to the library.
The number of students ____ 40.
is
are
go
is
一.时间金钱问题
基数词+表时间/距离/价值或其他度量单位的名词时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体.
Ten dollars is a price for that hat.
Thirty miles is not a long distance.
意义一致原则
二. 书名,报刊名,戏剧句, 国家名
当此类名词或词组作主语时,常看作一个整体, 谓语动词用单数形式.
New York Times is a very good newspaper.
The United States was founded in 1776.
三.以 ics结尾的一些学科名词
以 ics结尾的一些学科名词，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works 等都属于形式上是复数， 实际意义为单数的名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式
The paper works was built in 1990.
I don't think physics is easy to study.
四.冠词
The + 姓氏 + s ：
表示一家人，谓语动词用 。
复数
The + adj ：
表示一类人，谓语动词用 。
复数
The Blacks (be) watching TV now.
are
The good (be) happy.
are
the dead
死人
the living
活人
the rich
富人
the poor
穷人
the sick
病人
the young
年轻人
the old
老人
the disabled
残疾人
the blind
盲人
当主语是army, audience, class, crowd, band, crowd, class, dozen, family, public 和team 等集合名词时，如果表达整体概念，谓语动词用单数，如果强调集合里的个体，谓语动词用复数。
Our team ____ very important to me.
Our team ______ now making their way to Xinjiang.
The cattle_______ eating grass near the river.
特殊4： 集合名词 people, police, cattle 作主语时，谓语动词无论什么时候都应当使用复数形式。
The police_______ looking for the missing boy.(be)
is
are
are
五. 集体名词
are
团队的词确定单复数
family
单数
class
team
club
group
家人
同学
队员
成员
组员
家庭
班级
队
俱乐部
组
复数
指团队中的成员，就用复数。
指整个团队，就用单数。
My family _______ (be) very small.
My family _______(be) having lunch now
is
are
六. 单复数形式相同的名词
sheep deer means aircraft 等
根据具体意义决定
Every means _____ been tried.=
All means ______ been tried. (have)
There ____ sheep over there. (be)
has
have
are
七. a half 表“半个”的用法
a＋名词单数＋a half 谓语动词用单数形式
one and a half＋名词复数,其谓语动词单数或复数均可
An hour and a half ____ allowed for the exam.
One and a half hours ______ allowed for the exam.
is
is/are
either A or B
neither A nor B
就近一致原则
not only A but also B
there be A and B
或者 A 或者 B
既不 A 也不 B
不但 A 而且 B
有 A 和 B
谓语与最靠近的名词（代词）保持一致。
Either you or he (be) right.
is
Either he or you (be) right.
are
Both you and he (be) right.
Both he and you (be) right.
are
are
both A and B：两者都……，不适用就近原则。
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．If people outside China learned a bit about jasmine tea culture，they would realize there ________ (be) a lot of enjoyment in it.2．She is one of those who ________ (be) always complaining about everything and hard to please.3．Feeding birds ________ (be) good for everyone. Birders enjoy watching the birds, while the birds get enough food to survive in big cities.
is
are
is
4．Many a German expert and many a British specialist as well as the professors ______________ (invite)to be present at the meeting.5．How close teachers and friends are to the kids ________ (have)a strong influence on the development of their characters.6．Between the two buildings ________ (stand)our library which is my favorite place on campus.7．Next door to ours ________ (live) a black couple, who seem to have settled in this community for quite a long time.
has been invited
has
stands
lives
8．As far as I _______________ (concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese English dictionary within easy reach.9．Nowadays signs prohibiting smoking ________ (be) a common sight in restaurants, tea houses and shopping malls.10．Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ (be) essential to their development.11．How to survive without friends ________ (be) the most difficult challenge for Chuck while living on the island.
am concerned
are
is
is
12．Two fifths of the land in that district ________ (be) covered with trees and grass.13．It is reported that many a new house ____________ (build) at present in the disaster area.14．A great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake ________ (send) to live families in other cities.15．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ________ (be) saved for other purposes.
is
is being built
were sent
were
Thank you!