2022年中考英语复习被动语态专项

中考复习 被动语态
一．概念：
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
例：1. They make trains in Xi’an.(主动语态) Trains are made in Xi’an by them. （被动语态）
二．构成 be + done (p.p.--及物动词的过去分词）
一般现在时—— am／is ／are + 过去分词.
一般过去时—— was／were +过去分词
一般将来时—— will be+过去分词／be going to be +过去分词
现在完成时—— have/has +been+过去分词
情态动词—— 情态动词 (must／can／could／may…) + be + 过去分词
三．被动语态的使用
当我们不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时；
例：1. His car was stolen last night.
2. Basketball is played in most countries.
动作的承受者是谈话的中心 （常由by引起）
It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
四.主动语态改被动语态的方法：
方法分为三步：⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语
⑵动词改为变动形式be done(同时注意时态)
⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面，以指明做事的
人或物，如果没有必要则省去
例：The man killed a tiger.→ A tiger was killed by the man .
(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)
过去式/过去分词不规则变化
A-B-B
bring-brought-brought带来
build-built-built 建造
buy-bought-bought 买
catch-caught-caught 抓住/赶上
find-found -found找到
get-got -got获得/变得
hear-heard-heard 听见
feel-felt-felt 感觉
sweep-swept-swept 打扫
keep-kept-kept 保持/坚持
sleep-slept-slept 睡觉
learn-learnt/learned- learnt/learned 学习
leave-left-left 离开
lend-lent-lent 借给
send-sent -sent寄/送
spend-spent-spent 花费/度过
make-made-made 制作
meet-met-met 遇见
sit-sat-sat 坐下
teach-taught-taught 教
think-thought-thought 思考/认为
A-B-C
fly-flew -flown飞
draw-drew-drawn 画画
drive-drove-driven 驾驶
eat-ate -eaten吃
fall-fell-fallen 落下
forget-forgot-forgotten 忘记
give-gave-given 给
grow-grew-grown 生长
break- broke-broken 打破/弄坏
know-knew-known 知道
speak-spoke-spoken 说话
see-saw -seen看见
ring-rang -rung（电话/铃..）响
begin-began-begun 开始
sing-sang-sung 唱歌
drink-drank-drunk 喝
swim-swam-swum 游泳
A-A-A
hurt-hurt-hurt 伤害/弄伤 cost-cost-cost 花费 cut-cut-cut 切 shut-shut-shut 关闭
put-put-put 放 read-read-read 读 spread-spread-spread 传播
A-B-A
run-ran-run 跑 come-came-come 来 become-became-become 变成/成为
A-A-B
beat-beat-beaten 打败/（心脏等）跳动/打
中考真题练习：
1.（2021 北京中考） Today, many winter Olympic sports ________ even by children.
A. enjoyed B. enjoy C. were enjoyed D. are enjoyed
【答案】D
2.（2021 福建中考）Many research labs ________in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
A. are building B. will be built C. were built
【答案】B
3.（2021广西河池中考） All customers ________ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket.
A. is asked B. was asked C. are asked D. were asked
【答案】C
4.（2021 广西玉林中考）—Mom, I feel a little bit hungry now.
—These cakes _______ with chocolate. Have some, please.
A. are filled B. filled C. fill D. are filling
【答案】A
5.（2021贵州安顺中考）As we all know, the telephone ________ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A. invented B. is invented C. was invented
【答案】C
6.（2021 河北省中考）These gifts ________ by children in their last summer holidays.
A. made B. were made C. make D. are made
【答案】B
7.（2021黑龙江鸡西中考）Some new airports ________ in the west of our country. It will save our time to go there.
A. build B. will build C. will be built
【答案】C
8.（2021 湖北十堰中考）Fishing _________ in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.
A. allows B. is allowed C. isn’t allowed D. won’t allow
【答案】C
9.（2021 湖北武汉中考）— Did you notice the students ________ a few why questions in Mr. Zhang’s class
— Yes, I think he wanted to train their abilities of deep thinking.
A. are asked B. must be asked C. have been asked D. were asked
【答案】D
10.（2021 湖南株洲中考）This TV program discusses where the best tea leaves ________.
A. were produced B. have produced C. produced
【答案】A
11.（2021吉林长春中考）China Panda Train from Chengdu to Zunyi _________ to use on March 28, 202l.
A. is put B. was put C. will be put D. puts
【答案】B
12.（2021 江苏苏州中考）Now teenagers ________ to do voluntary work for their local commodities.
A. are encouraged B. were encouraged C. have encouraged D. are encouraging
【答案】A
13.（2021江苏泰州中考） —Sir, I have trouble doing the voluntary work for the 20th Games of Jiangsu Province in Taizhou.
一Don’t worry. A lot of support ________ soon.
A. is offered B. will be offered C. was offered D. were offered
【答案】B
14.（2021江苏盐城中考） Rainbows ________ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
A. produce B. produced C. are produced D. were produced
【答案】C
15.（2021 江苏扬州中考）— Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu
— Sure, You ________ to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.
A. were expected B. will expect C. are expecting D. are expected
【答案】D
16.（2021江苏镇江中考）More dinosaur fossils(化石), including footprints, bones or eggs, could ________ in the future.
A. discover B. be discovered C. have discovered D. be discovering
【答案】B
17.（2021 江西省中考）The man did a great job in fighting COVID-19. He ________ on TV and becomes very known.
A. interviewed B. has interviewed C. was interviewed D. will be interviewed
【答案】C
18.（2021 辽宁抚顺中考）The videos about cooking tell us how food _______.
A. makes B. made C. is made D. was made
【答案】C
19.（2021辽宁盘锦中考）If the science fiction ________ into English, it will be popular around the world.
A. translates B. is translated C. translated D. was translated
【答案】B
20.（2021辽宁营口中考）Where we should go ________ next Friday.
A. is decided B. was decided C. will be decided D. has been decided
【答案】C
21.（2021天津中考） The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ by people of all ages.
A. will love B. was loved C. is loved D. will be loved
【答案】C
22.（2021重庆中考）8. A lot of trees ________ in our city in spring every year.
A. are planted B. were planted C. plant D. planted
【答案】A