U1 Festivals around the world (language points)

课件62张PPT。Unit 1 Festivals around the worldLanguage pointsFestivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.
mean（meant， meant）vi.&vt.
完成句子
我不是有意伤害你 。
I didn’t ______________________ you.
2) 这些苹果是为孩子准备的。
These apples ___________________ the children.
3) 错过这班车意外着还要等多一个小时。
Missing the bus _____________________ another hour.mean to hurtare meant formeans waiting for搭配
mean sth.
mean doing sth.
mean to do sth.
be meant for
mean sb. to do sth.预示着
意味着…
打算或意图做某事
为… 而准备的
打算让某人做某事【即讲即练】
His promotion _______ a raise in salary.
Life __________ to be hard sometimes.
This kind of toys _______________ the preschool students.
This sentence doesn’t make sense. That is to say, it’s ___________ .
Sorry, I did not ____________ hurt you.
Can you explain the __________ of the idiom？
meansis meantis meant formeaninglessmean to meaning2. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time.(P1)
讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进 行，庆祝的是什么事件，和人们在那 天所做的事。take place 发生；举行① The performance didn’t take place after all.
演出最终没有进行。
② Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?
事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？与 place 相关短语 Great changes ____ in the rural areas in the last two decades.
A. have taken place
B. took place
C. have been taken place
D. are happeningA take place 不能用于被动语态中，句中短语 in the last two decades 可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。注
意take place 按计划进行，非“偶然”
happen 偶然发生，碰巧发生
occur “发生” sth. occurs to sb. “某人突然想起某事。
break out 指战争、火灾、疾病等的 “ 突然爆发” take place, happen, occur , break out【即讲即练】
The Asian Olympics will ___________ next month.
In fact, it didn’t ________ to me until I saw the traffic jam.
If I may say so, you must have realized what _______________ to the girl.
Who will ___________________ Yao when he was badly injured?
The World War _______________ in 1914.take placeoccurhad happenedtake the place of broke out3. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere.
of all kinds=all kinds of 各种各样的
【归纳】Practice 　 ① Books of this kind ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
② This kind of books ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
①句中谓语动词的单复数由“books”确定。
②句中的谓语动词由“kind”确定。（用动词的适当形式填空） sellsells 4. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.(L5-6) 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。 starve (v.)
1) to cause a person or an animal to suffer severely or die from hunger 挨饿；饿死
Millions of people starved to death during the war.
战争中数百万人挨饿至死。 2) starve for sth; starve sb of sth: (cause sb. to) suffer or long for sth greatly needed or wanted (使某人) 得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物；缺乏
The homeless children were starving for love.
这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱。 3) to feel very hungry 感觉很饿。仅用于进行时态
When will dinner be ready? I’m starving.
晚饭什么时候做好？我快饿死了。 starvation (n.)(U) suffering or death caused by lack of food 挨饿；饿死
die of starvation 饿死
starvation wages
不够维持基本生活的工资4. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.(L11-12)
[考点1] 情态动词 should 在句中表示“应该”。— How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
— It ___ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
will B. would
C. should D. must
[点拨] should 在句中表示一种有较大可能实现的猜测, 推论, 意为“应该”。考考你— My cat’s really fat.
— You ______ have given her so much food.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t
C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
[点拨] shouldn’t have given 表示本不该给而实际上却给了。 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I ______ have driven her there.
could B. must
C. might D. should
[点拨] 根据语境知道应该用 should have driven, 表示本来应该开车把她送过去而实际上却没有送。— I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
— You _____. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will B. may
C. have to D. should
[点拨] 句意: 你都好长时间没同他联系了, 应该给他打个电话, 表示劝告或建议。 [考点2]
in memory of / to the memory of sb. 纪念某人
The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.
这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。5. Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. (L16-17)万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。 origin (n.): the place or situation in which something begins to exist 起源；由来。
可用做可数名词或不可数名词，通常用作复数形式。
The tradition has its origins in the Middle Ages.
这个传统发源于中世纪。He told me it was a word of _____________. 他告诉我这是个词源不详的词。
belief (n.): an idea that you believe to be true, especially one that forms part of a system of ideas 信任；信心；信仰。
注意： belief 通常用作不可数名词，当作可数名词时，词义略不同于用作不可数名词时。unknown origin religious beliefs 宗教信仰
Several members hold very strong political beliefs. 有些成员有着强烈的政治理念。
6. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets.(L17-19) 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节目，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。 dress up
dress 作及物动词时, 不接 clothes 之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的名词或代词, 意思是“给……穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词, 如：Wake up the children and dress them.
唤醒孩子, 给他们穿上衣服。
dress 的过去分词常用来构成 get dressed 与 be dressed 短语, 前者表示动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词 in。如：Harry up and get dressed.
快点穿上衣服。
The girl was dressed in red.
这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。
dress up 是“穿上最好的衣服”, 常指
“打扮, 化装”。如:
You should dress up when you take part in the party.She is _____ in red today and looks very beautiful.
A. wearing
B. having on
C. dressing
D. dressedD. dressed7. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.(L19-20) play a trick on
1. The boys hid John’s bike to play a trick on him.2. Please do not play a trick on that poor boy.
3. People play tricks on each other in the office on April Fool’s Day.【自我归纳】 play a trick / tricks on意为“__________________”，on后面多接表示人的名词或代词。搞恶作剧，开玩笑【联想】 ① play a part (in) 意为“_________________________________”;② play a joke / jokes on 意为“________________________”。如：
The teacher plays a very active part in this type of classroom activity.
She wondered if the others were playing a joke on her.
她在想其他人是不是在开她玩笑。扮演一个角色；参与；起……的作用开（某人的）玩笑；戏弄 用以上合适的短语翻译下列句子。
1. 你哥哥刚才是跟你开玩笑的。
2. 说在英语学习中起重要作用。即学即练Speaking plays an important part in English learning.Your brother played a trick / joke on you just now.8. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.(L25-27)
[点拨] 此句中 Mohandas Gandhi 和the leader 是同位语，the leader 指的就是 Mohandas Gandhi 这个人。
Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother’s who is the top student in their class.
昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆, 他是他们班最好的学生。
Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.
我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。9. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.(L32-33)
award n. 奖, 奖品Dr. Yuan Longping has won many awards for his research. award v. 判给, 授予
award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物 The chairman awarded me the gold medal.
= The chairman awarded the gold medal to me. award 侧重指经过正式裁定而给予的荣誉或在某项评比竞赛中获胜而得到的奖赏。
reward 侧重指对某人所做的某件好事、好的行为等的报答、酬谢。
prize 多指在竞赛中获胜或有特殊贡献时所得的奖励。 award, reward与prize 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Ann Bancroft, an American author, teacher, and adventurer, received a number of _____ and honours for her adventures.
prizes B. rewards
C. harvests D. awardsD即学即练2. Mo Yan was ______ the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature.
rewarded B. awarded
C. included D. harvested B 用award, reward, prize与present 的填空1. Martin was once _______ the title of “Advanced Worker” for his excellent work in his company.
2. The ______ ceremony is going to be broadcast live on TV.
3. The judges finally ______ him the first place in the competition of English composition.
4. He won the first ______ in the English writing competition.
5. The film star ________ the poor children in the village with a number of books, encouraging them to work hard.
6. What can I do in ______ for your kindness? awardedawardawardedprizepresentedreward10. …, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.(L33-34)
admire v. 赞赏; 钦佩; 羡慕; 赞美;夸奖 表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth.”
We all admire him for his courage and bravery.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。 用admire的适当形式填空。
1. The school is widely _________ for its excellent teaching.
2. I really _______ the way she brings up those kids all on her own.即学即练admire admired 11. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring.(L36-37)
look forward to
look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号。Children are looking forward to Spring Festival.
孩子们渴盼着过年。
He’s looking forward to hearing from his pen pal.
他期待着笔友来信。12. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.(L45-46)as though 仿佛，好像
as though 和 as if 没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。(1) 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened.
她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词 be 时, 可以把主语和 be 一起省去。 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something.
他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。
(2) 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
看样子天要下雨了。as though 和 as if 从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
The child talks as if she were an adult.
那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。as though/if从句用虚拟语气
一般过去时（与现在事实相反）
过去完成时（与过去事实相反）
would/could/might+动词原形（与将来事实相反）
那位歌唱家看起来好像年轻了20岁。
The singer looks as though she were twenty years younger.
他说起意大利来就好像他以前去过那儿似的。
He talked about Italy as though he had been there before.13. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.(L47-48)Now you can find your passion for exercise and have fun with your kids at the same time.
现在你可以在拥有锻炼的热情的同时和孩子们享受快乐时光。 have fun with 玩得高兴，玩得开心 have fun 意为“过得快乐”。同义词组为 have a good time, enjoy oneself。短语有：have fun (in) doing sth. 快乐地做某事。I have no fun in spending the evening doing nothing.
我晚上闲着无事很无聊。课堂练习I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. Jack was beginning to enjoy the b_____ of nature.
2. The professor is editing a dictionary that explains the o_____ of words.
3. During the festival Obon, Japanese show respect to their a________.beautyoriginancestors4. There were over 100 guests at our wedding f_____.
5. The X-ray showed that the _____ (骨头) was broken in two places.
6. A p_____ is a person who writes poems.
7. The charity provides blankets and _________ (衣服) for homeless children.feastbonepoetclothing8. It’s the _______ (风俗) for the bride’s father to pay for the wedding in this place.
9. My aunt is deeply _________ (虔诚的) and goes to church twice a week.
10. The coach said that they needed more ________ (精力充沛的) players on their basketball team.customreligiousenergeticII. 根据汉语提示，用课文中所学单词 或短语的适当形式完成下面短文。
The festival ___________ (发生) between June 6 and 8 of each year ____________ (纪念) a famous hero in the history of the town. The hero helped the country to ______ (赢得) independence. All people have been _________________ (盼望) it a few weeks before its coming. takes placein memory ofgainlooking forward toWhen the festival actually comes, people will _________ (盛装打扮) and _______ (出发) for the central square very early in the morning, and _______ (集合) in the square, singing and dancing. Many kinds of games are held too, and those who play well will ____________ (被授予) a prize. One of the most popular games is to see who is able to run to a big tree within the shortest time. dress upset offgatherbe awardedPeople _______ (羡慕) the winners very much. However, they often ____________________ (开玩笑) them. For example, they may take off the winners’ hats suddenly without telling them. There are also a lot of strange ________ (风俗) during the festival. It is clear that all of the people _______________ (玩得很开心). admireplay a trick / tricks oncustomshave a lot of fun