人教版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 现在分词和过去分词的区别课件（23张）

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Past participles vs the -ing form
新人教版选择性必修二
Unit 4 Discover useful structures
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目 录
1
2
过去分词与现在分词区别
巩固练习
01
过去分词与现在分词区别
Past Participle vs Present Participle
过去分词（Past Participle）和现在分词（Present Participle），都属于非谓语动词形式，可以在句中充当表语，状语，定语和宾补。
1. 充当表语
过去分词作表语表示主语所处状态或主观心理感受，相当于形容词的作用。
The young NBA basketball king James is married.
The window of my room is broken.
Don’t be so disappointed.
We are excited to hear the good news.
We are always pleased to be able to help.
状态
主观心理感受
现在分词作表语，一般跟在be，get，become，look，sound，feel，keep，remain， 等系动词后面，相当于形容词，用来表示主语所具有的特征或属性。
The news was exciting.
The situation is encouraging.
The film is moving.
表示特征或属性
2. 充当状语
1. Asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.
2. Given more time, we could do it much better.
3. Greatly moved by the film, they all cried.
4. He walked up and down the room, lost in thought.
6. Laughed at by many people, Tom continued his study.
5. Supported by his wife, the old man went into the room.
伴随
方式
原因
时间
条件
让步
过去分词短语做状语，可以用来表示事情发生的时间，条件，方式，让步，原因，或伴随状况。
1. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.
2. Travelling by jeep, we visited a number of cities.
3. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
4. Turning around, she saw a police car driving up.
6. Her husband died in 1942, leaving her with five children.
5. Working hard, you will succeed.
7. Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone.
伴随
方式
原因
时间
条件
结果
让步
现在分词短语做状语，也可以用来表示事情发生的时间，条件，方式，让步，原因，结果，或伴随状况。
过去分词作状语, 其逻辑主语要与主句主语保持一致, 两者之间为“被动关系”。
Given more time, we could do it much better.
“我们（we）” “被给与（given）”更多的时间
Supported by his wife, the old man went into the room.
“老人（the old man）” “被搀扶着（supported）”
Laughed at by many people, Tom continued his study.
“汤姆（Tom）” “被人嘲笑（laughted）”
易错点：
现在分词作状语, 其逻辑主语要与主句主语保持一致, 两者之间为“主动关系”。
Turning around, she saw a police car driving up.
Working hard, you will succeed.
她（she），转身（turning around） 主动关系
你（you），努力工作（working hard） 主动关系
分词作状语表示“结果”时，只能用现在分词。
He didn’t come today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work.
Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking roads, paths and railway lines.
经典例句背诵
Absorbed in the newspaper, he didn’t hear the bell.
Devoted to her work, she has no time to travel.
Seated in a chair, John looks satisfied.
Dressed in red, the girl is writing a letter with her favourite pen.
Faced with so many problems, they never gave up.
Judging form/by his accent, he must be from the north.
Having been told many times , he still did not know how to do it.
3. 充当定语
polluted rivers 被污染的河流 an honored guest 贵宾
cooked food 熟食 boiled water 白开水
problems left over by history
=problems that are left over by history
vegetables grown without chemicals
=vegetables which are grown without chemicals
被历史遗留的问题
不含化学物质的蔬菜
过去分词做定语，与被修饰的名词之间存在一种被动或完成的关系，意义上相当于一个定语从句。
a crying girl 正在哭的女孩 a moving truck 移动的卡车
a flying bird 飞鸟 a falling leaf 落叶
developing countries
= countries that are developing
a man standing by the door
= a man who is standing by the door
现在分词做定语，与被修饰的名词之间存在一种主动或进行的关系，意义上相当于一个定语从句。
发展中国家
正站在门边的男人
常见的只能用现在分词作定语的动词：
1. The cakes tasting good will be delivered to your house.
3. The book belonging to the library has been stolen yesterday.
4. The tower dating back to Tang Dynasty looks beautiful.
2. The flowers smelling sweet are from my garden.
4. 充当宾补
过去分词作宾补，用来说明宾语的状态或性质，过去分词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
1. They managed to make themselves _______________
(understand) in very simple English.
2. She had her wallet ___________ (steal) yesterday.
3. Mary felt a great weight ___________(take) off her mind．
4. The boss wouldn't like the problem ______________(discuss).
discussed
taken
understood
stolen
现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行，强调动作过程。
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.
He tried to start the engine running.
The words immediately set us all laughing.
总的来说：过去分词表被动或完成, 现在分词表主动或进行。
Past Participle vs Present Participle
Watch out! You can get burnt by the boiling water.
The Chinese people tend to drink boiled water.
The book containing 13 chapters is missing now.
The book written by LuXun sells well.
Tom was frightened to see his wife killing others.
Tom was frightened to see his wife killed by others.
Seeing from the top of the mountian, I found the village beautiful.
Seen from the top of the mountian, the village was so beautiful.
02
巩 固 练 习
3. Exposed to light, potatoes will turn green.
1. The missing boy was last seen playing near the river.
2. Looking out of the window, I saw Tom sweeping up the waste paper.
4. Once losing this chance, you can't easily find it.
6. Last year they had the house rebuilt.
8. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.
5. The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1955.
7. Is this the book recommended by our teacher
miss
look
expose
lose
stand
rebuild
recommend
understand
1. 用所给词的正确形式完成句子
2. 单句语法填空
1. —Are you sure you’re ready for the test
—No problem.I’m well (prepare) for it.
2. (find) the course very difficult，she decided to move to a lower level.
3. (give) more care and attention，the boy would not have gone that far on the wrong path.
4.We got a little (sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.
prepared
Finding
Given
sunburned/sunburnt
5. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel (challenge).
6. While waiting for the opportunity to get (promote)，Henry did his best to perform his duty.
7. The ending of the story makes Susan very
(amaze).
8. Nervously (face) challenges，I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
challenged
promoted
amazing
amazed
facing
Homework:
1.
2.
Thanks