课件47张PPT。January 26, 2019M5·Unit 3
Science and nature（1）January 26, 2019热点单词(P.113)exactly
anxious； anxiously
criminal
originally； origin
hungry
nutritious
rely；reliance
accuracy； accurately； inaccurate
Actually
agricultural 11.permitJanuary 26, 2019自主学习anxieties
majorities
frighteningJanuary 26, 2019热点短语toy with 2. push ahead with
be/get burnt on
4. follow in one’s footsteps
take sth into consideration
6. genetically modified
food chain 8. on the one hand
9. point of view 10. for sale
11. the other day 12. on one’s part
13. in favour ofJanuary 26, 2019句型探究definition； using
because of； were praised
desperate
wish；so that
in order to；stopJanuary 26, 2019汉译英On the one hand，these kids are anxious for parental love，but on the other hand，they hesitate about being adopted.
They turned up their music very loudly with the intention of interfering with my work.
They seemed to argue with us，but it turned out that we still needed to discuss many details/ but we turned out to many details to discuss.January 26, 2019M5—U3. Reading. mp3 January 26, 20191、 adopt vt. 收养；采用◆She adopted a child whose parents were dead.
她收养了一个父母双亡的孩子。
◆The government decided to adopt the plan.
政府决定采纳这个计划。
◆We adopted several measures to deal with the disease.
我们采取了一些措施来对付这种疾病。 January 26, 2019 adoption n. 采纳，采用，收养
adopted adj. 领养的，采纳的
adapt 改编；使适应January 26, 2019用adopt或adapt的适当形式完成句子
①Our school ____________ a new teaching method lately.
②They are not my real parents; I am ________.
③He tried hard to ________ himself to the new conditions.
④Since the ________ of the new working method, production has gone up.①has adopted/adopted ②adopted ③adapt
④adoptionJanuary 26, 20192、 exact adj. 确切的，精确的； 精确无误的，精密的◆It was difficult to tell her exact age.
很难看出她的准确年龄。
◆She is in her mid-thirties — thirty-six to be exact.
她三十五六，准确地说是36岁。
◆The scholar is an exact thinker.
这位学者思维缜密。January 26, 2019exactly adv. 准确地◆You haven't changed at all — you still look exactly the same.
你一点也没变，还是和从前一模一样。
exactly speaking＝to speak it exactly 准确地说
◆Exactly speaking, I really don't like cloning.
准确地说，我不喜欢克隆。
类似的还有：strictly speaking, frankly speaking, honestly speaking, broadly speaking等。January 26, 20193、 favour①n. 帮助，恩惠；赞同，支持；偏袒，偏爱
◆Could you do me a favour and pick up Tom from school tomorrow?
明天你能帮我个忙去学校接汤姆吗？
◆The suggestion of closing the factory has found favour with many local people.
关闭这个工厂的建议已经得到许多当地人的支持。
◆As a mother, she showed no favour to any child.
作为母亲，她没有偏袒任何一个孩子。January 26, 20193、 favour②v. 较喜欢，选择；优惠，特别照顾，偏袒；有助于，有利于
◆Our teacher favours Mary.
我们的老师偏爱玛丽。
◆Fortune favours the brave.
幸运眷顾勇者。
◆The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants.
温暖的气候对多种热带植物有利。 January 26, 2019favourable adj. 有利的；给人印象好的；赞同的，支持的；优惠的
favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的 n. 特别喜爱的人或事；得到偏爱的人
in favour (of sth./sb. ) 支持，赞同
in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮个忙
do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙
I am all in favor of equal pay for equal work.
我完全赞成同工同酬。January 26, 2019用favour的适当形式翻译下列各句。
①你偏爱哪个颜色？
________________________________________________________________________①Which colour do you favour? / What is your favourite colour? January 26, 2019②学生赞成改革。
________________________________________________________________________②The students were in favour of reform. January 26, 2019③他将这视为极大的恩惠。
________________________________________________________________________③He regards this as a very favour.January 26, 2019④谁是你特别喜欢的作家？
_______________________________________________________________________④Who is your favourite writer?January 26, 20194、 anxiety n.①焦虑，挂念 [U] [C][(＋about/for)]
◆The mother was filled with anxiety about her daughter's health.
母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡。
②焦虑的原因；令人焦虑之事 [C][(＋to)]
◆That is a great anxiety to me.
那是一件使我深感焦虑的事情。
③渴望 [C][(＋for)][＋to-v.]
◆Their anxiety to go was obvious.
他们想去的急切心情是显而易见的。January 26, 2019anxious adj. 焦虑的，挂念的(＋about/at/for) 对……感到焦虑
I'm anxious about her safety.
我对她的安全担心。
The week of the flood was an anxious time for all of us.
闹水灾的那一星期是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。 January 26, 20194、 intention 目的；企图；意图◆I have no intention of disclosing (打探) your privacy.
我不想打探你的隐私。
◆It is our intention(purpose, aim) to help the poor children who can't afford their education.
我的本意是帮助那些不能够支付教育费用的贫困儿童。January 26, 2019◆He has decided to go abroad to study with the intention of improving his English and finding a better job when he returns.
他抱着提高英语，回来后找一份更好的工作的念头而决定出国学习。
◆We helped him with good intentions.
我出于好意帮助他。January 26, 2019intend vt. 想要；打算January 26, 20196、 legal adj.①与法律有关的，法律的
◆I want to choose legal profession if I am accepted by the university.
如果我被大学录取了，我想要选择法律专业。
◆If our interests are endangered, we had better take/seek legal advice.
如果我们的利益受到威胁时，我们最好寻找法律咨询。
②法律允许的，合法的
Cloning human embryos is not legal (illegal) in many countries.在许多国家克隆人类胚胎是违法的。January 26, 2019 legally. adv. 合法地
illegal adj. 非法的January 26, 20196、 consequence n.①[C]结果，后果后接(for) sb./sth.
◆Nobody can tell what the consequences may be.
没有人能说出可能的后果。
②[C]重要(性), 重大
◆This matter is of great consequence to all of us.
对于我们来说这件事非常重要。January 26, 2019 as a consequence 所以，因此
as a consequence of 因为
as a result 所以，因此
as a result of 因为January 26, 2019 Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ______.
A. consequence B. independence
C. competence D. intelligenceC 句意为：教师必须不断更新知识来保持他们的专业能力。consequence 后果；结果； independence 独立； competence 能力，技能； intelligence 智力，才智。January 26, 20198、 majority n. 大多数，大部分，多数票◆The majority were / was against the plan.
多数人不赞成这个计划。
◆The resolution was passed by a large majority.
这个决议以多数票通过。 January 26, 20191.一般可以说： the majority of the books / eggs / people 等， 不可以说：the majority of the milk / land / time等；
2.majority作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数；若强调团体中的个体，谓语动词用复数；majority构成的the majority of短语后面可以接单数或复数名词，其谓语与该名词的数保持一致。
◆The majority of criminals are young people.
大部分的罪犯是年轻人。January 26, 2019January 26, 20191、 in general / generally speaking
一般来说，从整体上讲◆It's true that he sometimes doesn't obey the rules, but in general, he is a promising boy.
他确实有时不守规矩，但从整体上来说，他是个很有前程的孩子。
◆In general, the more expensive something is, the better the quality is.
一般来讲，某件东西越贵，它的质量就越好。M5—U3. Project. mp3 January 26, 2019英语中in ＋ (抽象)名词，常相当于该名词的副词意义的短语还有：in silence 安静地； in comfort 舒服地； in particular 尤其； in public 公开地； in earnest 认真地。January 26, 20192、praise sb. for… 因……而赞扬某人◆The Secretary of the United Nations praised China for its quick reaction in case of emergency.
联合国秘书长表扬了中国在紧急情况下的快速反应。
◆Newman was praised for his excellent performance in the game.
由于在比赛中表现出色，Newman 受到了表扬。
【注意】in praise of… 赞扬，表扬……
◆They organized a class meeting in praise of his heroic deeds.
他们组织了一次班会以表扬他的英勇事迹。January 26, 2019(1) 英语中for可以与许多词连用，表示原因，“因……而……”，如：thank…for…， excuse…for…， forgive…for…， apologize to sb. for…， criticize…for…， scold…for…
(2) 英语中in ＋ n. ＋of结构的短语还有in honor of, in favor of, in need of, in want of, in celebration of等。January 26, 2019 A school named “Qianqiu Middle School” has been set up ______ the teacher, Tan Qianqiu, who lost his life in saving the students in the earthquake.
A. in honor of B. in case of
C. in need of D. in favor ofA 根据句子的意思可知，“千秋中学”是“为了纪念”在地震中为了保护学生而牺牲的谭千秋老师而建立的。January 26, 20193、 be in agreement with… 与……符合，和……一致，同意◆On this point, I am in complete/entire agreement with you.
在这一点上我完全同意你的意见。
◆Finally my parents nodded in agreement.
最后我父母点头同意了。
◆The main verb has to be in agreement with the subject in person and number.
谓语动词要在人称和数方面和主语保持一致。January 26, 2019(1) 与agreement连用的词还有reach/come to/arrive at an agreement on… 就……达成协议； keep/break the agreement 遵守约定/毁约。
(2) 动词agree的用法如下：
agree that… 认为，同意……
agree to do… 同意做……
agree with sb.'s words / sth. 同意某人的话/与某人的话相符，一致January 26, 2019agree to a plan / a proposal / the arrangement, etc. 同意计划/建议/安排
agree on the time / date / place / price, etc. 在……方面达成一致
◆We agree that the article is worth reading.
我们认为这篇文章值得一读。
◆The boss agreed to raise the workers' pay by 5%.
老板同意给工人涨5%的工资。January 26, 2019◆Generally I agree with you, but not everything.
大体上我同意你说的，但并不是每一点都同意。
◆The boss agreed to the terms under the pressure of the workers.
在工人的压力下，老板同意了这些条款。
◆This is the point on which I don't agree.
我不同意这一点。
(3) disagree / disagreement为agree / agreement的反义词，意为“不同意”。January 26, 2019 I don't think they will agree ______ you ______ this point.
A. with; to B. to; on
C. with; on D. on; withC 根据句子的意思可知，第一空“同意某人(的观点)等”；第二空“在某一点上达成一致”。January 26, 20194、 toy with sth. 戏弄，摆弄(＝play with)◆Please listen to the teacher carefully and don't keep toying with your pen.
请认真听讲，不要总是摆弄你的钢笔。
◆If mankind toys with nature in this way, we may be on our way to producing a real-life monster.
如果人类用这种方式戏弄自然，我们就离生产现实版的魔鬼不远了。January 26, 20194、 push ahead/forward with 毅然推行(计划，改革等)◆The government is pushing ahead with the new reform policy.
政府正毅然推行政策改革。January 26, 2019ahead of
①在……前面；先于
ahead of time 提前
He finished his work ahead of the others.
他比别人先完成了工作。
January 26, 2019②领先；超过
She was well ahead of the rest of the class.
她在班上名列前茅。
go ahead 向前走；先走；(口语)请吧
— May I use the telephone?
——我可以用一下电话吗？
— Sure, go ahead.
——当然可以，请用吧。January 26, 2019To be continued
感谢您的关注 Thank you for your attention !课件43张PPT。January 26, 2019M5·Unit 3
Science and nature（2）January 26, 20191、on the one hand, …on the other hand… 一方面……，另一方面……。常用来陈述相反的两种意见或情况。◆On the one hand, some people believe in the existence of the monster. On the other hand, there is still no proof.
一方面，一些人相信有怪物存在，另一方面，又没有证据。January 26, 2019英语中用来表示意见不同或相对时，常用：however, on the contrary(恰好相反), while, whereas等。January 26, 2019①D 这里是两种相对立的情况。A项用于for one thing, …for another (thing)… “其一，……，其二……”，表示递进关系；B项的意思是“换句话说”；而C项不与but连用。①I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I'm doing at the moment.
A. for another thing
B. in other words
C. however
D. on the other handJanuary 26, 2019②On the one hand, I would like to go to the cinema with him, but on the other hand, I have to stay at home to look after my sister.②一方面我想和他一起去看电影，而另一方面我又不得不待在家里照看妹妹。
________________________________________________________________________January 26, 20192、 Not everything that is best for nature is good for people.并非所有对自然有益的东西都对人类有益。①not every… / every…not…也是部分否定句型，表示“并非每个都……”。
◆Not every film directed by Zhang Yimou is interesting.
Every film directed by Zhang Yimou is not interesting.
并非张艺谋导演的每一部电影都有趣。
此外，not all… / all…not… 并非所有的都……，构成部分否定句式。January 26, 2019◆Not all the students will go to the movies tonight./All the students will not go to the movies tonight.
并非所有的学生今晚都去看电影。
同时，not both… / both…not…也是部分否定句型，表示“并非两者都……”。
◆Not both of your answers are right. / Both of your answers are not right.
并非你的两个答案都正确。January 26, 2019如果要表示全部否定，则常用以下句型：none of…， no one / nobody / nothing…，或neither…January 26, 2019①Not all the girls like beautiful clothes.
②We haven't enough books for everybody; some of them will have to share.①并非每个女孩都爱漂亮的衣服。
_____________________________________________
②我们没有足够的书给每一个人，有些人将共用。
_____________________________________________January 26, 20191．C 句意：“当被问及他们对校长的意见时，许多老师都希望看到他让位给年轻人。”in terms of 谈及； in need of 需要； in favor of 支持； in praise of 歌颂。根据句意可知应该选择C。1．When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ______ younger men.(2011·湖北)
A. in terms of B. in need of
C. in favor of D. in praise ofJanuary 26, 20192．D 句意：错误在所难免，找出错误的原因，那么所犯的错误就有价值。所以选worthwhile。2．Mistakes don't just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes ______.(2010·湖北)
A. favourable B. precious
C. essential D. worthwhileJanuary 26, 2019强化训练（P.293）Ⅰ.单项填空
01—05. BBCBB
06—10. AAABC
11—15. DABABJanuary 26, 2019阅读填空（P.）quantities
clean
potential
component/composition
change/modifyJanuary 26, 2019阅读填空（P.）effects
problem/trouble/headache
fall
prediction
resultJanuary 26, 2019写作（P.）One possible version：
Nowadays, whether the cloning technology can
benefit human beings or not is being argued all
over the world.
Some hold the opinion that cloning benefits us.
Firstly，it can be used to cure diseases and save
pepole’s lives. Secondly，it is good news for the people
who can’t have babies. With its help they can have a
baby of their own. What’s more， parents can get a
perfect copy of their children who have died accidently.
January 26, 2019 However，others don’t think so. In their opinion，the cloning technology will bring about new diseases for animals. Also，cloning human beings shows no respect for human life. What’s more，it adds to the growing population of the world.
Personally， I think it should be made use of reasonablely to benefit people rather than do harm to us. 写作（P.）January 26, 2019January 26, 2019v．-ed形式过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。及物动词的过去分词一般表示完成和被动含义，不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的含义。January 26, 20191．v.-ed形式的句法功能：
(1)作定语
Our company needs more qualified staff.
我们公司需要更多合格的员工。
(2)作表语
The child looked very excited.
这个孩子看起来很激动。
(3)在表示希望或要求等动词之后作宾语补足语。这些动词有want, like, wish, prefer, need, declare, report, order, acknowledge等。January 26, 2019I don't want the children taken out in such weather.
我不希望在这种天气把孩子们带出去。
(4)当过去分词作宾语补足语的句子变为被动语态时，分词就变成了主语补足语。
The tape recorder was found stolen.
我们发现磁带录音机被偷了。January 26, 20192．v.-ed形式的两种用法比较：
过去分词用作表语时，相当于形容词，表示状态；过去分词用于被动语态时则表示动作。
The road is completed.
道路已竣工。
My grandfather was buried here last year.
我的祖父去年葬在此地。January 26, 2019高考湖南卷的单选题中v.-ed形式必考，每年一题，总计1分。January 26, 20191．v.-ing形式与v.-ed形式的用法比较：
(1)在语态上v.-ing形式表示主动的意思(表示它所修饰的人或物的行为)；v.-ed形式则表示被动的意思(表示它修饰的人或物是动作的承受者)。
This country is a developing country.
这个国家是一个发展中国家。
That country is a developed country.
那个国家是一个发达国家。January 26, 2019(2)在时间上v.-ing形式一般表示正在进行的动作；v.-ed形式则往往表示已经完成的动作。
This is Mr. Smith speaking.
我是史密斯先生。
This machine part is broken.
这个机器零件坏了。January 26, 2019
(3)v.-ed形式可以作定语，表示被动，表示已经完成的动作；v.-ing形式的被动式也可以作定语，表示被动，但表示正在进行的动作。
The bridge being built will be important in this area's traffic.
正在建造的这座桥在该地区的交通中将起到重要作用。
The bridge built last year has played an important part in this area's traffic.
去年建造的这座桥在该地区的交通中起了重要作用。January 26, 2019
(4)v.-ed形式可以作宾语补足语，表示被动，有时表示已经完成的动作，有时并不表示已经完成；v.-ing形式的被动式也可以作宾语补足语，表示被动，表示正在进行的动作。
I'll have my bike repaired after school.
放学后我要去修自行车。
The students found their school being decorated.
学生们发现学校正在装修。January 26, 2019(5)过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征。英语中这样的分词还有很多：amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; exciting, excited; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; worrying, worried; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished等。
Hearing the news, we felt very surprised.
听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶。
The news is very surprising.
这个消息很令人惊讶。 January 26, 20192．过去分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须和句子的主语相一致。如果过去分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，必须使用过去分词的独立主格结构。
When asked why he came here, the boy kept silent.
当那个男孩被问到为何来这里时，他沉默不语。
Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology.
由于在农村出生并长大，他对生物很感兴趣。 January 26, 20193．动词have后所接的3种宾语补语：
(1)have somebody/something do sth. 不定式作补语必须省去to, 不定式动作由宾语发出，表示一次性的动作。
I had the workers do the job for me.
我让工人们替我完成了工作。
(2)have somebody /something doing something-ing分词作补语，分词动作也由宾语发出，强调动作的延续或正在进行。
They had the tractor working all the time.
他们让拖拉机一直工作着。 January 26, 2019(3)have somebody/something done 过去分词作补语，宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的被动关系，通常有两种情况：
①主语让别人做某事，强调主语的意志。
He had his hair cut yesterday.他昨天理发了。
②主语遭到某种不幸或陷入恶劣的环境，说明宾语的一种无意识的被动行为。
He had his leg broken in the match last month.
他在上星期的比赛中摔断了腿。
He had one eye lost in the war.
在战争中，他失去了一只眼睛。January 26, 20194．分词的独立主格结构： 分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则，就必须在分词前另加上自己的逻辑主语(名词或主格代词)的这个结构叫独立主格结构或分词的复合结构。
(1)独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条件、原因时，其作用分别相当于一个时间、条件、原因状语从句。表示伴随方式时，相当于一个并列句。
Supper finished (＝After supper was finished), we started to discuss the picnic.
吃完晚饭，我们开始讨论野餐的事。 January 26, 2019All the tickets having been sold out (＝As all the tickets having been sold out), we had to wait for the next week's show.
所有的票都卖出去了，我们只好等着看下周的演出。
(2)表示独立主格结构中的being常省略。
The football match (being) over, crowds of people poured out into the street.
足球赛一结束，人群便涌到大街上。
Nobody (being) in, I didn't enter the hall.
里面没有人，我没进大厅。 January 26, 2019(3)表示伴随方式的独立主格结构，有时可用“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构来替换。
He lay there thinking, his hands behind his head (with his hands behind his head).
他双手放在头下，躺在那里思考着。
The river looks more beautiful, flowers and grass growing on both sides(＝with flowers and grass growing on both sides).
这条河看上去更加漂亮，因为两岸长满了鲜花和绿草。 January 26, 20195．with＋宾语＋宾语补足语的结构是英语中常见的结构，其宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等，在句中可作定语，也可作状语，表示原因、方式等。
The children looked at us, with their eyes opening wide.
孩子们眼睛睁得大大地看着我们。
I would miss the train, with no one to wake me up.
没人叫我，我会错过火车的。
With the examinations over, we had a long time to rest.
考试结束了，我们有一段长长的时间可以休息。 January 26, 20196．垂悬结构。有些惯用的分词短语在句里可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句。如： generally/strictly/roughly/broadly/narrowly speaking, judging from/by, considering, supposing, providing, provided等。
Talking of the computer, I like it very much.
谈到电脑，我非常喜欢。
Considering the time, we have decided to start early tomorrow morning.
考试到时间，我们已经决定明早一早出发。January 26, 20191. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until ________ to.
A. spoken B. speaking
C. speak D. be spokenJanuary 26, 2019 A 此题容易误选B，认为until 是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式。其实，此题应选A，until spoken to 为 until he is spoken to 之省略。句意“他是个沉默寡言的人，别人不同他说话，他很少同别人说话”。按英语习惯，一些表示时间、地点、条件、方式、 让步等的状语从句，若其主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包含动词be, 那么可将从句的主语和动词be省略。January 26, 20192. ________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Found B. Founded
C. Founding D. Being foundedJanuary 26, 2019B 此题应选B，但容易误选A。比较：find 意为“发现”，其过去式和过去分词均为 found；found意为“建立”，其过去式和过去分词均为 founded。January 26, 20193. I found I could easily make myself ________ by using sign language.
A. understood B. understand
C. to understand D. being understoodJanuary 26, 2019A 但容易误选B，即硬套“make ＋ 名词或代词 ＋ 动词原形”这一结构。但是对于该结构同学们忽略了一点，就是该结构中的名词或代词应与其后的动词有逻辑上的主谓关系，而对于此题，myself 与其后的动词 understand 显然不是主谓关系，而是动宾关系，或者说是被动关系，故此时的动词应用过去分词表被动。January 26, 2019各个击破（P.294）Ⅰ. 单项填空
01—05. ADDDB
06—10. BACDA
11—15. BCAAA
16—20. AAACA
21—25. BDBCC
26—30. BABJanuary 26, 2019Homework 精练15
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