2022届高考英语二轮复习：主谓一致课件（35张）

(共35张PPT)
　语法复习
主谓一致
主谓一致：指谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致。
1、主谓一致的含义
Agreement of Subject and Verb
2、主谓一致应遵循的原则
1、语法一致原则
2、意义一致原则
3、就近原则
1、people(人民,人们) police, cattle, folk, youth 作主语时谓语用复数
The cattle were grazing in the field.
The police are searching for the thief in the forest.
注意：people指“民族”时
* Every people has its own way of living.
* Fifty-six peoples are trying their best to make our country stronger.
2、family, class, team, club, group, public, committee, company, government等集体名词作主语时，如果把他们当作一个整体看待，谓语应用单数形式，如果强调的是个体成员，谓语应用复数形式。
My family is a happy one.
My family like sports.
3、
The population in China is very large and 80% of the population are in rural area.
4、表示度量、时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词的复数形式作主语时，可看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。
* Three years has passed since Mary came here.
* Fifty kilometres is a long way.
5、学科、疾病、书名、剧名、地方、国家、机构等专有名词作主语, 谓语单数
* The United States is in north America.
* The New York Times is read all over the world.
* Maths is my favorite subject.
形式为复数的学科名词，意义为单数，谓语动词用单数形式：
physics, politics, economics, maths, mathematics
6、以复数形式结尾的群岛、山脉、瀑布、奥运会等专有名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式
The Olympic Games are held every four years.
The Niagara Falls are very beautiful.
7、形式为复数，意义为单数的成双部分的名词，如：trousers, shoes, gloves, compasses(圆规), clothes, chopsticks, scissors(剪刀) , shorts(短裤), pants(裤子), glasses(眼镜) 等，谓语一般用复数
但是：有a/ this/ that pair of 或 a/ this/ that kind of修饰时，谓语单数。
My trousers are worn out.
This pair of trousers is black.
The shoes of this kind are beautiful.
8、作并列主语的单数名词前有each, every, no修饰时，谓语用单数形式。
* Each boy and each girl has passed the exam.
* No boy and no girl likes the film.
9、 “许多......”
* Many students have realized the importance of learning English.
* Many a student has realized the importance of learning English.
10、 　“不止一个……”
More than one student has seen the film.
More students than one have seen the film.
11 、　“一两个……”
Only a word or two is needed.
Only one or two words are needed.
12、
A year and a half has passed.
One and a half years has/have passed.(多用has)
13、both, both...and连接并列主语，谓语常用复数。
Both Jim and Tom are wrong.
What I think and what I say are none of your business.
注意：当用and连接两个从句时，谓语复数
但是：并列主语如果指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语用单数
The poet and writer has come.
The poet and the writer have come.
* A knife and fork is lying on the table.
* War and peace is a constant theme in history.
* When and where we will go has not been decided.
* Early to bed and early to rise is a good habit.
14、主语后面有as well as, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的短语，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的单复数。
The teacher as well as the students was moved.
15、不定代词none, neither, all, some, any作主语，谓语的单复数视其指代的内容而定
None of them is/are right.
Neither of them is/are right.
All is going on very well.
All is possible to a willing mind.
All are here except Jim.
all作主语表示人时，谓语一般用复数，all表示物、事情时，谓语单数。
16、 whether...or, or, either... or, neither...nor, not only... but also, not... but等连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语的单复数遵循就近原则。
Neither you nor I ____ fit for the job.
_____ neither you nor I fit for the job
am
Are
17、动名词、不定式做主语，谓语单数。
Walking is good for our health.
To get up earlier tomorrow is necessary.
18、从句做主语，谓语一般用单数。
That he was late yesterday is true.
When we’ll start is unknown.
What they need are books.
What they need is water.
注意：
what引导的主语从句
19、由here, there引起的句子，主语不止一个时，谓语的单复数遵循就近一致原则。
There is a pencil and two pens in the pencil-box.
20、定语从句中的谓语形式与先行词保持一致。
* He is one of the boys who were praised.
* He is the only one of the boys who was praised.
21、倒装句中，谓语动词与其后的主语一致
On the right is a map.
On the right are two maps.
22、
Large quantities of water are needed.
A large quantity of water is needed.
A large quantity of books are needed.