牛津英语（译林版）八年级下策期末专项讲解

一、冠词
考点一：
“the +形容词”可以表示一类人，
如the elderly(老人)，the young(年轻人)，the disabled(残疾人)，the poor(穷人)，the rich(富人)等。

考点二：
Success前常加a表示“成功”，相当于successful。
如：The show was a success. 或The show was successful.

考点三：
UNICEF第一个字母发音为辅音，故用不定冠词a。如：a UNICEF worker。
ORBIS第一个字母发音为元音，故用不定冠词an。如：an ORBIS doctor。

考点四：
以下单词前使用不定冠词an。
an operation
an excellent chance
an experience
an overcoat
an umbrella
an event
an application form


考点五：
乐器前要加定冠词the。play the violin。
二、名词
考点一：
以下名词不可数：
hard work
have a lot of support
great fun
flat land
information
open space

考点二：
以下名词可数：
local businesses
donations

考点三：
注意以下名词的复数形式：
toothbrush----toothbrushes
gentleman----gentlemen
grandchild----grandchildren
postman----postmen


考点四：
-ment, -ness, -ion为名词后缀。其中，形容词变名词一般加-ness。如：blindness, sickness, illness,
kindness, happiness等。
介词
考点一：
以下词组中的to为介词，后面跟名词或动名词。
be used to doing/sth(习惯于……)
pay attention to sth (注意……)

考点二：
以下词组中的介词常作为考点进行考查：
among the students
do/ perform an operation on sb
operate on sb
look down on
be grateful to sb
carry on with
buy …for
provide sb with sth /provide sth for sb
within 48 hours
contact Amy on 5558 6390

考点三：
记住以下涉及介词的词组：
on time
in the beginning
at the charity show
at least
pay for
be interested in
raise money for
care about
with a microphone in his hand
shout with excitement
by doing
learn from
treat… with kindness
instead of
spend …on …
be afraid of
do a lot of research on sth
people over eighteen
group themselves into a team of four
walk through eight country parks
take part in
the aim of
on a visit to south hill
by the lake
四、形容词
考点一：
further除了表示“更远”，还有“更进一步”的意思。在初中阶段主要有三个词组：
further study(进修)
further education(继续教育)
further information(进一步的信息)

考点二：
以下动词后跟形容词作宾语补足语：
find the information useful
make the show possible
keep you comfortable

考点三：
以下形容词后跟to表示对某人的态度。
be kind to sb
be grateful to sb
动词
考点一：
以下动词后只能跟动词-ing形式：
keep doing,
finish doing,
practice doing,
mind doing,
enjoy doing

考点二：
以下动词后要跟动词不定式：
seem to do,
afford to do,
hope to do

考点三：
记住以下句型：hear/ see/watch sb doing(听到/看到某人正在做某事),
We may even hear birds singing.
hear/see/watch sb do sth表示“听到/看到某人做过/常做某事”。

考点四：
动词原形不能作句子的主语，只有动名词或动词不定式才能作主语。
Curing sick people is very important.
Protecting wildlife is important.

考点五：
记住以下动词-ing形式的词组：
a helping hand from unicef
a flying eye hospital
the team’s finishing time

考点六：
过去分词left置于名词后，表示“剩下的”。
You have some pocket money left.

考点七：
ought to表示“应该”，相当于should。疑问句把ought置于句首，否定句在ought后加not。
More action ought to be taken to prevent it.

考点八：
以下动词，同时也是名词。
host
show
interview
care
visit
support
record
help
need
hike
sleep
walk
Plan
副词
考点一：
instead“相反，而不是，取而代之，代替”，可置于句首或句末。置于句首后面一般有逗号隔开。如果后面
有具体的代替内容，则用instead of。
They should go to school instead of working to support their families.

考点二：
even 作为“甚至”常置于动词前。
We may even hear birds singing.
作为“更加”置于比较级前。
We hope to help even more people.
even though表示“即使”。
I’ll try my best even though it might be a tough walk.

考点三：
indeed表示“真正地，确实”。
----You’ve done such an important job that people must be really grateful to you.
----Yes, indeed they are.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.

考点四：
especially表示“尤其，特别”。
They’ll be useful, especially if you get lost.

考点五：
also表示“也”，可置于句首。
Also, local doctors and nurses can come to our plane to learn about eye operations.

考点六：
mostly表示“主要地，大部分地”。
Blindness affects about 45 million people around the world, mostly in poor countries.
连词
考点一：
only if表示“只要”。
Only if you sleep less during the day.

考点二：
even though表示“即使”。
I’ll try my best even though it might be a tough walk.

考点三：
so that表示“为了，以便”。
UNICEF believes that all children should have clean water and food so that they can be healthy.

考点四：
so…that/ such…that…表示“如此……以至于……”。
It is such a meaningful job that many doctors enjoy their work.
Modern medicine is developing so quickly that it’s necessary for doctors to keep learning.

考点五：
as表示“当……时候；随着……”
The questions get more difficult as you go to higher levels.
数词
考点一：
掌握“百分比”的表达：80 percent of these cases。

考点二：
“还要……”的表达：“数字+more+名词”。相当于another +数字+名词。
two more people
some more food

考点三：
掌握含有数字的复合形容词：a 100-kilometre trail。当数字为8和11时，冠词要用an；复合形容词中的名词
必须用单数；复合形容词后必须要有名词，即复合形容词只能作定语修饰后面的名词。
an 8-year-old boy
时态和语态
考点一：
掌握几种时态的被动结构：
一般讲来时被动语态：“will be +过去分词 ”或“be going to be +过去分词”。
Our new library will be built next year.
He is going to be helped.
现在完成时被动语态：“has/have +been +过去分词”。
Millie has been chosen as the host of the charity show.
含有情态动词被动语态：“情态动词+be+过去分词”。
The speakers may be put in the four corners of the school hall.
不定式被动语态：“to be +过去分词”。
A lot of work needed to be done.

考点二：
take place表示“发生，举行”，不用被动。不用被动语态的词还有：happen, sell well, appear,
disappear等。
句型
考点一：
“建议”的表达：
Why don’t we…?
Why not…?
Why don’t we organize a charity show?
Why not try your best to help people in need?

考点二：
掌握it作形式主语的句型：
It’s +adj+ (for sb) to do sth
It’s +adj+that +从句
It is necessary that we help the elderly.
It is necessary for us to help the elderly.

考点三：
掌握“如此……以至于……”的表达：
so …that…
such…that…
Curing sick people is so important that doctors must be careful enough.
An operation can be such a long progress that doctors often feel very tired after one.

考点四：
掌握反意疑问句的用法：
It was great fun to be a host, wasn’t it?

考点五：
掌握“否定的转移”：
I don’t think you’ll ever finish your walk.
词汇辨析
考点一：
used to do过去常常做……
be used to doing习惯于……
be used to do被用来
I’m not used to going out before lunch.
You used to be very kind to me.
The plane is also used as a teaching centre.

考点二：
work作为“工作”为不可数名词；job作为“职业，工作”为可数名词。
It was hard work.
It was my job to introduce each star.
I want to get a job here.
We think they do very important work.

考点三：
take part in, join in, join辨析
I think more people should be invited to take part in them.
People over eighteen can group themselves into a team of four and join this charity walk.
Who can take part in Oxfam Trailwalker?

考点四：
noise噪音
voice人的嗓音，声音
sound泛指一切声音
The fans of the pop stars were making a lot of noise.
It makes your voice sound louder.

考点五：
such后跟名词。such a big classroom; such big classrooms
so后跟形容词或副词。so big, so quickly
so也可修饰名词，但必须是可数名词单数形式，且必须符合“so+形容词+a/an+名词”顺序。如名词前
有many, much, little, few表示“多”和“少”的词必须用so。
I’m proud to be able to help so many people.

考点六：
掌握四个表示“花费”的词。
pay, take, spend, cost
Project Hope helps pay for their education.
The patients do not have to pay because ORBIS is a charity.
I used to spend all my pocket money on clothes and snacks.

考点七：
raise和rise都可表示“升起”，前者为及物动词，即后面要跟宾语；后者为不及物动词，即后面不能跟宾语。
Then the curtain rose.
We’re organizing the show to raise money for Project Hope.

考点八：
among和between都可表示“在……之间”，但前者用于“三者或三者以上之间”，后者用于“两者之间”。
We have arranged work among the students.

考点九：
most用作形容词，表示“大部分的”，
Most people want to own their own houses.
Most用作代词表示“大部分”，后跟of。
She has read most of my books.
mostly作用副词，表示“大部分地”。
I spend my free time mostly watching TV.
Blindness affects about 45 million people around the world, mostly in poor countries.
almost表示“几乎，差不多”。
I’ve almost finished my homework.

考点十
with表示“带着，有”。
He is a boy with glasses.
without表示“没有”。
You can drink water without getting fat.
It means you may have to walk for two days and nights without sleep.
Of course, the walk itself is not easy----going up hills, without sleep and with tired bodies.
within表示“在……范围内”。
Oxfam Trailwalker is a tough hike because you have to finish walking a 100-kilometre trail within 48 hours.
期末复习易错题
词汇：
1. It’s going to rain. You’d better take an __________(伞) when you go out.
2. It _________(似乎) that you have known the answer.
3. We must improve the __________(病人) lives.
4. Doctors on ORBIS planes are used to _________(做手术) operations for poor people.
5. Jay Chou is one of the most popular heroes ________(在……中) young people.
6. In the match, the boys were _______(分组) in to four teams.
7. It’s better to catch all the ________________(机会) to improve our English.

用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1. Another big library ________(build) in our school next year.
2. Everyone was very generous and we had a lot of support from local _________(busy).
3. You cannot get a point if you answer a question ___________(correct).
4. After ________(hear) the good news, the children jumped excitedly.
5. It’s very __________(please) to play Chinese chess with you.
6. Lots of information _________(store) on the hard disk.
7. The zookeeper told them _____________(not leave) litter there.
8. The 30th Olympic Games ________(take) place in London, in 2012.
9. Seats can ___________(arrange) in front of the stage.
10. My mother is a teacher. I want to have a job like ________(she) when I grow up.
11. Millie is very happy, because she __________(choose) to be one of the volunteers of
Shanghai Expo 2010.

单项选择：
( ) 1. ----Hurry up! The train will leave _______.
----OK. I will start off as soon as possible.
A. on time B. in time C. all the time D. at times
( ) 2. We can put two words together to create new words.
Which one of the following cannot be put together with “life”?
A. time B. wild C. style D. happy
( ) 3. ----Why are you so happy?
----Because I _______ to be the host of the show.
A. chose B. have chosen C. was chosen D. have been chosen
( ) 4. I think ________ impossible for him ______ the work without any help.
A. it; finishes B. that; to finish C. this; finishing D. it; to finish
( ) 5. He wants to _____ World Vision to help more people in need when he grows up.
A. take part in B. join C. be a member D. join in
( ) 6. Do you know the hike ______ by Oxfam Hong Kong?
A. organizes B. organizing C. organized D. organization
( ) 7. Your pocket money can be used to ________ charity, you used to ______ a lot of snacks.
A. supporting; spend B. support; spending
C. support; spend D. supporting; spending
( ) 8. The music sounds really ________. I like it very much.
A. terrible B. boring C. beautifully D. beautiful
( ) 9. Alice and Peter were so happy ________ they helped the old man.
A. that B. until C. before D. because
( ) 10. Lucy and Lily have never seen this kind of bird, _______?
A. have they B. haven’t they C. have Lucy and Lily D. haven’t Lucy and Lily
( ) 11. ----I don’t know ________ to organize the charity show.
----The place hasn’t been decided yet. You can ask Mike for some advice tomorrow.
A. how B. when C. where D. what
( ) 12. We always have ________ much homework to do that we have no time for our hobbies.
A. very B. too C. so D. such
( ) 13. ----Peter, don’t forget to return the book to the library tomorrow.
----You don’t have to say it again. I ________ several times.
A. will be told B. have been told C. was told D. have told
( ) 14. Sue _______ the university life at all now, because she ______ live with his parents.
A. used to; is used to B. didn’t use to; is used to
C. is used to; used to D. isn’t used to; used to
( ) 15. Which of the following words cannot be put together with “life” to create a new word?
A. time B. wild C. style D. school
( ) 16. ----Jay Chou is well-known ________ young people in and outside China.
----Yes, he is known _______ a pop star.
A. to; for B. as; by C. to; as D. by; to

翻译句子：
1. 我的工作是介绍每位明星。
My job is ___________________________.
2. 参加环保活动对每个人来说都是有意义的。
It’s __________________________ protecting the environment.
3. 这将是你难忘的一次经历。
This will be an _____________________ you _______________.
4. 乐施会毅行者活动是一次艰难的远足，因为你不得不在48小时内走完100公里的路途。
Oxfam Trailwalker is a _________ because you have to finish walking ___________________ 48 hours.



词汇：
1. umbrella 2. seems 3. patients’ 4. performing/ doing 5. among 6. grouped 7. chances

用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1. will be built 2. businesses 3. incorrectly 4. hearing 5. pleasant 6. is stored 7. not to leave
8. will take 9. be arranged 10. hers 11. has been chosen

单项选择：
1~5 A D D D B 6~10 C C D D A 11~15 C C B D D 16. C

翻译句子：
1. to introduce each star
2. meaningful for everyone to take part in /join in
3. experience, will never forget
4. tough hike, a 100-kilometre trail within