课件54张PPT。考纲知识预览重点单词1. vt. 帮助;协助→ n.帮助→ n. 助手
2. adj. 技术上的→ n. 技术→ n. 技工
3. n. 后者→ (反义词)n. 前者
4. n.饥饿→ v. 饥饿,饿死assist assistance assistanttechnicaltechnologytechnicianlatterformerstarvationstarve考纲知识预览5. n.差别对待;歧视→
vt.区别;辨别;歧视
6. n. 平等→ adj. & vt.平等的; 等于
7. vt. 评价;评估→ n. 评价
8. vt.捐赠;赠送→ n.捐赠
9. vi. 通信→ n. 信件;通信;相关→ n.通讯员,记者discriminationdiscriminateequalityequalassessassessmentdonatedonationcorrespondcorrespondencecorrespondent 考纲知识预览10. n.现象→ n. 现象(复数)
11. vt. 允许;准许→ n. 允许;许可
12. vt.& n. 治愈;治疗;疗法→
adj. 可治愈的
13. vt. 宣告,宣布→ n. 宣言;公告
14. n. 移民;殖民者→ v. 解决;降落;确定;定居→ n. 正式协议;住宅群;殖民;移民
phenomenonphenomenapermitpermissioncurecurabledeclaredeclarationsettlersettlesettlement考纲知识预览1. 预先
2. 泄露(秘密)
3. 接收,接管
4. 努力解决难以处理的事物
5. (使)被理解;(把……)讲清楚
6. 弥补
高频短语in advance give awaytake overwrestle with somethingget acrossmake up for考纲知识预览7. 计算出;解决;想出
8. (灯等)熄灭
9. 献身于;致力于
10. 下降
11. 由于
12. 总之
13. 而不是
14. 弄错
15. 以防万一
figure outgo out be dedicated to drop offdue toin conclusionrather thanby mistakein case 考纲知识预览 1.By the year 2015, the clothing industry
new types of material that will remain stainless you spill on them.
到2015年,服装业将生产出一种新型布料,无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。
常考句型will have produced no matter what 考纲知识预览 2.We our brains these computers and a huge database.
我们将把自己的大脑与这些计算机和一个庞大的数据库相连接。
3.Amazing discoveries in medicine, communications and transport,
our knowledge of the world and space.
在医学、通讯和运输方面都有惊人的发现,更不用说对世界和太空的了解了。
will be linkingwere madenot to mentionto 考纲知识预览4. the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.
没有科技上的这些尖端突破,无论是好运带来的还是按计划取得的,我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子。
Without名师一线讲坛1. assist vt.& vi. 帮助,协助; 参与,出席
assist(sb.) in/with sth.帮助(某人)某事
=help (sb.) with sth.名师一线讲坛assist(sb.)in doing sth.
assist (sb.)to do sth.
=help sb.(to) do sth.
=aid sb. to do sth.
assist at/in sth.出席,参加某事
come to sb.’s assistance 帮助某人
帮助(某人)做某事名师一线讲坛A man is assisting police(with their inquiries).
一名男子(被带到警署)协助警方调查。(朗文P72)
Despite his cries, no one came to his assistance.
尽管他喊叫,却没有人来帮助他。
名师一线讲坛1.The young nurse was very nervous when she ________in her first operation.
A.resisted
B.insisted
C.disease
D.assisted
解析:选D。句意:这个年轻的护士首次帮助做手术时非常紧张。assist帮助,从助手的地位去协助某人完成某事;resist抵抗,反抗;insist坚持;disease疾病。
即时训练名师一线讲坛2. donate vt. 捐赠;赠送
donation n. 捐款,赠送,捐赠
donate sth. to sb./sth.向……捐赠某物
donate sth.to do sth.为了做某事而捐赠某物
make a donation to charity 向慈善事业捐赠
collect donations (for)(为……)募捐
receive a donation 收到募捐
名师一线讲坛Last year he donated $1,000 to cancer research.
去年他捐了1000美元支持癌症研究。
Many people donate blood to the blood bank voluntarily.
很多人自愿地去血库献血。
They made a generous donation.
他们做了慷慨的捐赠。
名师一线讲坛2.It is reported that the government will give all private________to flood?stricken areas.
A.relations
B.intonations
C.donations
D.dominations即时训练名师一线讲坛解析:选C。donation 捐赠(物);relation 关系;intonation 语调;domination 支配,控制。句意:据报道政府将把所有私人捐赠交给遭受洪灾的地区。
名师一线讲坛3. meanwhile adv. 同时 n. 期间
meanwhile=meantime 同时
in the meanwhile/meantime 在此期间
The next programme will begin in five minutes;meanwhile let’s listen to some music.
下一个节目五分钟后开始,在此期间让我们听点音乐吧。名师一线讲坛I had to wait an extra hour so I wrote letters in the meantime.
我必须再等一小时,所以在此期间我写了一些信。
The meal will be ready in half an hour;meantime let’s have a drink.
半小时后饭菜才能准备好,在此期间让我们先喝点吧。
名师一线讲坛3.Susan went to tidy up the house;________,Lily started to do some washing.
A.however
B.when
C.meanwhile
D.but
解析:选C。前后两句表示同时发生的动作,没有转折和对比关系,所以不选A和D。when连接从句时其前不能用分号隔开。
即时训练名师一线讲坛4. permit vt. 允许,准许 n. [C]许可证,执照
permission n. [U]许可,准许,允许
permit doing sth.允许做某事
permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
with/without one’s permission
=with/without the permission of sb.(不)在某人的允许下
名师一线讲坛Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.
参观者请勿拍照。
She took the car without your permission.
她未经你的允许擅自使用了汽车。名师一线讲坛permit,allow,let,promise
(1)permit 指强调权威性的正式批准。常用句型“permit sb. to do sth.”或“permit doing sth.”。
(2)allow 意为“允许”,暗含有默许,放纵之意。常用句型“allow sb.to do sth.”或“allow doing sth.”。比较网站名师一线讲坛(3)let 指允许或无力阻止某事,暗指对某事采取漠不关心,听之任之的态度。常用句型“let sb. do sth.”。
(4)promise 主语允诺要干某事。常用句型“promise sb.to do/promise that...”。
名师一线讲坛【注意】 可以说allow/ permit sb.to do sth.,不能说allow/permit to do sth.。类似的动词还有:advise, consider,forbid 等。
The password permits access to all files on the hard disk.
这个密码可调出硬盘上的所有文档。(牛津P1278)名师一线讲坛We don’t allow smoking here.
我们不准在这里吸烟。
He promised that he would turn up on time.
他答应他会按时到达。
名师一线讲坛4.完成句子
天气允许的话,我明天过来。
I’ll come tomorrow ___________________.
=I’ll come tomorrow,________________.
答案:if weather permits;weather permitting
即时训练名师一线讲坛5. cure vt. 治愈;治疗 n. 治愈;痊愈
a cure for...针对……的治疗
cure sb.of sth.消除……;治愈
名师一线讲坛The doctor can’t cure her of the cancer.
医生治不好她的癌症。
Nothing can cure you of your bad habits.
没有什么能去掉你的坏习惯。
This is a new cure for SARS.
这是一种新的SARS治疗方法。
名师一线讲坛5.If I take this medicine twice a day, it should ________my cold.
A.recover B.heal
C.restore D.cure
解析:选D。句意:假如这种药我一天吃两次,它就可以治愈我的感冒。cure意为“治疗”,尤指用药物治愈疾病;restore指(使)恢复健康或使正常;heal着重指治好外伤或烧伤后的患部,使伤口愈合,不用于治感冒疾病;recover恢复,不符合句意。
即时训练名师一线讲坛6. declare v. 宣告;宣布;宣称;表明;声明
declare sth.宣布某事
declare sb./sth.(to be)+adj./n. 宣布某人/某物……
declare off 取消(约定等)
declare for/against sb./sth.表示赞成/不赞成某人/某事
declare oneself 表明态度;发表意见
名师一线讲坛The government has declared a state of emergency.
政府已宣布进入紧急状态。(牛津P439)
The painting was declared to be a forgery.
这幅画被判定为赝品。
名师一线讲坛6.The judges had different ideas about the results,so it was two hours before the results were________.
A.cried out
B.let out
C.announced
D.declared即时训练名师一线讲坛解析:选C。announce 多用于宣布人们所关心或感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息;declare多用于宣战、议和等;cry out喊出来;let out泄露,放大。句意:法官对结果有不同的意见,所以两个小时后才宣布结果。故选C。
名师一线讲坛用适当的词填空
I’m looking________to seeing Jim.
答案:forward
单词巧记名师一线讲坛归纳与比较:n./prep.+?ward/?wards
名师一线讲坛7. figure out 理解某人(某事物),弄明白;演算出,计算出
Have you figured out how much the holiday will cost?
你算出假期得花多少钱了吗?
I have never been able to figure him out.名师一线讲坛我一直不能理解他。
I can’t figure out why he quit his job.
我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。
It took me hours to figure out those algebra problems.
我花了好几个小时才算出那些代数题。
名师一线讲坛7.They really have a great time too, designing everything, drawing the blue prints,________the angles and so on.
A.looking out
B.taking out
C.finding out
D.figuring out即时训练名师一线讲坛解析:选D。句中的the angles(角度)必须通过计算才能得到。又如:It took me hours to figure those problems out.我花了好几个小时才算出那些题。
名师一线讲坛8. rather than 而不是
rather than 而不是,在更大程度上,具有更充分的理由
rather adv. 在一定程度上,相当,颇
would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做某事而不做某事=would do sth.rather than do sth.
would rather sb. did/had done sth.宁愿某人做/做了某事
or rather 更确切地说,更恰当地说
名师一线讲坛Rather than cause trouble, he left.
他不愿意惹麻烦,宁可离去。(朗文P1244)
He came home very late last night, or rather very early this morning.
他昨天夜里很晚才回家,说得更准确点,是今天凌晨才回家的。(朗文P1244)
The job will take months rather than weeks.
完成这项工作需要几个月,而不是几周。(朗文P1244)
名师一线讲坛8.He always devotes his time to helping children with their studies rather than________games on computer.
A.play B.to play
C.plays D.playing即时训练解析:选D。根据rather than连接两个平行结构的原则,分析本题的结构,很显然play不是与devote为平行关系,而是与helping为平行关系。句意:他总是宁愿把时间奉献于帮助孩子们学习,而不是在电脑上玩游戏。
名师一线讲坛9.【教材原句】 By the year 2015, the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.
到2015年,服装业将生产出一种新型布料,无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。名师一线讲坛【句法分析】 no matter what 引导让步状语从句,意为“无论什么”。
no matter,意为“不管”“无论”,同what/who/when/where/how等疑问词连用,引导让步状语从句。
No matter when you come, you are welcome.
无论你什么时候来都受欢迎。
名师一线讲坛No matter whose bag this is, it must be kept here for the present. 不管这是谁的包,目前必须放在这里。
No matter who knocks, don’t open the door.
不管谁敲门,都不要开门。
名师一线讲坛(1)no matter what/who/when/how/where 可以换成whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引导让步状语从句。
(2)whatever, whichever,whoever, whomever 还可以引导名词性从句。
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
任何违犯了法律的人都应受到惩罚。
思维拓展名师一线讲坛(3)however 是副词,修饰形容词、副词;whatever 是代词,修饰的是名词。
However difficult it is,you must work it out.
不管有多难,你都要解决这件事。
Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.
不管有什么样的困难我们都要团结合作。
名师一线讲坛9.________team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A.No matter what
B.No matter which
C.Whatever
D.Whichever
解析:选D。whichever修饰名词team引导一个主语从句。
即时训练名师一线讲坛10.【教材原句】 Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.没有科技上的这些尖端突破,无论是好运带来的还是按计划取得的,我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子。
名师一线讲坛【句法分析】 without 可用于虚拟语气。
当虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,从句的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”,主句的谓语动词用“would/could/should+动词原形”构成。
We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us.名师一线讲坛如果我们周围没有植物和动物,人类就不能生存。
We couldn’t finish so quickly without your help.
没有你的帮助我们不可能完成得如此快。
【注意】 在肯定句中,当介词without 后有两个以上宾语时,宾语间的连词用or;在否定句中,则用and。
名师一线讲坛10.Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat,the earth at night ________ for us to live on.
A.would be freezing cold
B.will be freezing cold
C.would be frozen cold
D.can freeze coldly
解析:选A。分析语境可知,该句为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,主句动词形式应为would 加动词原形。
即时训练名师一线讲坛11.Without electricity,human life ________ quite different today.
A.is
B.will be
C.would have been
D.would be
解析:选D。考查虚拟语气的用法。表示与现在事实相反时, 条件从句谓语动词用过去式,主句谓语动词用would+动词原形,这里用Without electricity(=If there were no electricity)引出了虚拟条件。