2022届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句课件（30张）

(共30张PPT)
Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语从句（the attributive clause）
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。
☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即
连接: 连接定语从句和主句
替代: 替代前面的先行词
成分: 在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分
在复合句中，充当_______ 用的从句是定语从句
“先行词”
“关系代词”
“关系副词”
形容词
I love movies which can cheer me up.
She is the girl that you’ll never forget.
指出下列句子中的先行词，关系词及在从句中充当的成分。
His father works in a factory which makes TV sets.
The letter which I received yesterday was from my best friend.
The boy who is playing on the grass is her brother.
I want to meet the boy whom you talked about just now.
The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.
He lives in the house whose windows face south.
先行词
关系词
作主语
作主语
作宾语
作宾语
作宾语
作定语
1.关系代词
关系代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分
人 物 主语 宾语 定语
who
whom
which
that
whose
Task 1: 关系代词的用法
1. 用适当的关系代词填空
Rice is a plant _____________ is grown in the south.
The book ____________ I gave you was worth 20 dollars.
I want to meet the boy_____________ you talked about just now.
Students _________ have a wide range of knowledge have advantages in exams.
There is a mountain __________top is always covered with snow.
that/ which
that/ which/ 省略
that/ who/
whom/省略
that/ who
whose
1. His father died the year when he was born.　
2. He is unlikely to find the place where he lived forty years ago.
3. she must be the reason why God made a girl.
作状语
作状语
作状语
2.关系副词
关系副词 指代 所充当的句子成分
when
where
why
time
place
reason
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
Task 2: 关系副词的用法
1. 用适当的关系副词填空
I remember the day_________ I first met her.
Everyone has periods in their lives _________ everything seems very hard.
Beijing is the place _________ I was born.
This is the village _________ my mother lives.
Do you know the reason_________ he didn’t attend the meeting
Is this the reason _________ he refused our offer
when
when
where
where
why
why
关系代词that和which的用法区别
关系代词whose的用法
关系副词where表“抽象地点”的用法
关系代词与关系副词的区别
介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词中that和which的区别
1
关系代词中只用that不用which的情况
先行词为不定代词all, little, much, none, the one, everything, nothing, something, anything。
先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰时。
先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that 。
当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用 that。
如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which, 另一个关系代词宜用that。
当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中作表语时。
1.关系代词中that和which的区别
All __________ glitters is not gold.
Please inform me of anything__________ you find unusual.
Here are all the books __________ you need.
The only thing __________ we can do is to give you some money.
It is the very book __________ I want to read.
6)The first letter__________ I get from him will be well kept.
that
that/省略
that/省略
that/省略
that/省略
关系代词作宾语时，可省略。
that/省略
7) This is the best_________ is used to solve the problem.
8) This is the biggest building __________ we have ever built in our school.
9) Both the girl and her dog__________ were crossing the street were hit by a coming car.
10) Who is the man ______ is giving us the class 11）They built up a factory which produced things __________ had never been seen before.
12) My home village is no longer the place__________ it used to be.
that
that/省略
that
that
关系代词作主语时，从句谓语由先行词决定
that
that
只用which不用that的情况
在非限制定语从句中
China, which covers an area of over 9.6 million square kilometers, is the third largest country in the globe.
His wife laughed, which made him even angrier.
当动词短语中的介词提前时
This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.
1）This is the pen with__________ I wrote the letter.
2）China, __________ covers an area of over 9.6 million square kilometers, is the third largest country in the globe.
3）His wife laughed, __________ made him even angrier.
which
which
which
2. 关系代词whose的用法
我想买套窗户朝南的房子。
I’d like to buy a flat___________ windows face south.
=I’d like to buy a flat_________ _________ _________ windows face south.
=I’d like to buy a flat_________ windows __________ ________ face south.
whose
the
of
which
the
of
which
whose(代物)=of which+n.= n.+of which
2. 关系代词whose的用法
这就是那位全国知名的科学家。
This is the scientist_________ name is known all over the country.
=This is the scientist_________ _________ _________ name is known all over the country.
=This is the scientist _________ name_________ ________ is known all over the country.
whose
of
of
whom
whom
the
the
whose(代人)=of whom+n.= n.+of whom
3. 关系副词where前面的先行词是否一定为地点名词？
Lucy has got into a situation in her study _________ she finds it hard to go further.
A party is an occasion _________ participants should dress formally.
This is a rare case _________ lost money can be found again.
They have reached the point __________ they have to separate with each other.
I like my English teacher because he can always create an atmosphere ______ all the students feel respected and cared for.
where
where
where
where
where
关系副词where前面的先行词是否一定为地点名词？
归纳反思
当先行词为situation， case，
stage， point等抽象名词，
引导词在定语从句中表示事
情发生的情况、阶段等时，常
用关系副词where引导。
4. 关系代词还是关系副词？
This is the school__________ I visited ten years ago.
This is the school__________ I worked ten years ago.
This is the school __________has a good reputation in and out of China.
This is the school__________ teaching building are of ancient style.
This is the school __________I visited the headmaster ten years ago.
This is the school__________ made a speech at the forum.
which/ that/ 省略
where
which/that
whose
where
that/who
We’re just trying to reach a point __________both sides will sit down together and talk.
There is one point __________ we must insist on.
I can think of many cases __________students obviously knew a lot of English new words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
I can think of many cases __________ you know nothing about.
where
where
which/ that
which/ that/省略
1. Are you interested in any songs ____ _____ you’ve listened.
2. Tomorrow is a particular day ____ _____ his daughter will get married.
3. This is the knife ____ _____ I usually cut bread.
4. We can’t live without the sun ____ _____ we get heat and light.
5. The subject ____ _____ Eric is interested is physics.
to which
on which
with which
from which
in which
5. 介词+关系代词的用法
填写适当的介词和关系代词完成句子
6. Do you know the girl ____ _____ our head teacher is shaking hands
7. I can’t find my dictionary ____ _____ I paid over $100 .
8. This is the good car ____ _____ I spent all my money.
9. She is the teacher ______ _______all his students show respect .
10. The teacher ____ _____ you have been waiting is coming in a minute.
with whom
for which
on which
to/for whom
for whom
介词+关系代词的用法
归纳反思
介词+关系代词的用法
介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，介词宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
介词常根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。
3. 根据从句与先行词之间的关系来确定
4. 根据语意来确定
巩固练习
(2014﹒安徽)The exact year________ Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A．when B. where C. why D．which
(2014﹒福建)Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.
A. who B. when C. which D. where
(2019﹒江苏) We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
D
D
C
(2017﹒北京)The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that B. as C. where D. when
(2019﹒北京)The students benefiting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.
(2019﹒浙江)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______gives off light in the dark.
A
who/that
that/which