2021-2022江西中考英语复习课件 2.题型二 完形填空——完形填空A）(共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
题型二 完形填空——完形填空A）
分析江西近10年中考真题可知，此题型的命题特点如下表：
文体 说明文：2021~2014 记叙文：2013~2012
话题 事物介绍：2021, 2019, 2018
西方文化：2020, 2017, 2016
环境保护：2015
健康生活：2014 人物故事：2013, 2012
词数 249~321
必考点 名词：2~5道/年
动词：1~4道/年
形容词：2~4道/年
副词：1~2道/年
连词：1~2道/年
穿插考点 代词：10年11考，0~2道/年 动词短语：10年5考，0~1道/年；
介词：10年5考，0~1道/年 宾语从句引导词：10年3考，0~1道/年；
介词短语：2017.46，2015.38 情态动词：2017.48
续表
解题步骤：解答完形填空A）试题时，考生可参考以下步骤：
解题技巧：解答完形填空A）试题时，考生可使用以下技巧：
1. 语境推断
语境推断是指根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，身临其境地理解所处的语境，体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。
完形填空是一篇具有具体内容的文章，各段落之间必然有着逻辑上的联系。考生在答题时，可以通过故事的线索、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系及人物情感的发展等来分析和理解文章，以此推断答案。
3. 词汇复现
词汇复现是指通过原词、同义词、近义词、反义词或同根词等形式重复出现来表达某一概念，使上下文连贯，有机地衔接在一起。
4. 固定搭配
固定搭配需要结合语境并利用常用句型及习惯表达来直接选择答案。考生平时应积累动词短语、介词短语、固定句型等固定搭配。
2. 逻辑推理
5. 生活常识
生活常识法是将文章意思和原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。考生在日常生活中，应多积累一些生活经验，做题时结合实际生活来选择正确答案。
6. 语法知识
解答此类试题时，首先要分析句子结构，利用语法知识并联系上下文语境来解题。
真题探究（2021江西）
They weigh almost nothing. Yet they are 29 than steel. In fact, some spiders’ webs are among the world’s strongest materials, 30 they can be pulled longer than elastic（橡皮筋）. They can also be any 31 . Spider webs are amazing.
A spider has hundreds of small openings in its body. Silk comes out of these openings as a liquid（液体）, and, as it reaches the air, it becomes thread-like. These 32 threads（线）come together to form a single thread.
The spider can make many different kinds of thread. The thread can be thick or thin, wet or dry, or sticky. Each kind has a different 33 . Some webs create an egg box. Others 34 hiding places. The most common purpose of a spider web,
however, is to catch food.
There are many 35 the spider uses its web to catch food. For example, some spiders produce a single thread. An insect then sits on it 36 realizing what it is doing, and becomes 37 . Slowly, the spider moves towards the insect. 38 , it covers its food in silk.
Some spiders use a different kind of 39 . They make webs that cheat insects. An insect sees the web and thinks it’s a flower. It then 40 the web. The spider can feel even the smallest movement of the web, and rushes at the insect 41 it can get away.
Spider webs are so 42 that engineers have been studying them for years. They want to learn why they are so strong and elastic. However, for the moment, spiders are keeping their 43 . Although they have made great progress in science and technology, humans still haven’t been able to copy natural webs.
29. A. stronger B. brighter C. heavier D. thicker
【解题思路】根据句首Yet可知空处应选与前句“They weigh almost nothing.”有转折关系的形容词；结合后句中的“strongest materials”及选项可知stronger符合语境。
（解题突破点：词汇复现+语境推断）
30. A. so B. but C. if D. or
【解题思路】选项为连词，得出正确答案关键在于理解分析前后分句含义及其关系：事实上，一些蜘蛛网是世界上最坚韧的物质， 它们可以比橡皮筋拉得更长。根据含义可知前后分句构成转折关系，but符合语境。（解题突破点：逻辑推理）
31. A. shape B. price C. weight D. temperature
【解题思路】根据上下文及常识可知此处表示“蜘蛛网也可以是各种形状”。
（解题突破点：生活常识+语境推断）
32. A. wide B. broken C. tiny D. weak
【解题思路】根据常识可排除wide和broken；根据上文内容可排除weak。
（解题突破点：生活常识+排除法）
33. A. direction B. purpose C. size D. name
【解题思路】根据后文“Some webs create an egg box. Others...hiding places.”可知蜘蛛网都有不同的目的，根据“The most common purpose”可知选B。
（解题突破点：语境推断+词汇复现）
34. A. provide B. choose C. find D. change
【解题思路】根据上下文可知此处表示蜘蛛网的目的，结合选项可知选A。
（解题突破点：语境推断）
35. A. problems B. reasons C. steps D. ways
【解题思路】根据后文介绍蜘蛛利用不同方式猎取食物可知ways符合语境。
（解题突破点：语境推断）
36. A. by B. for C. without D. in
【解题思路】根据后文可知昆虫成了蜘蛛的食物，因此此处应表示“没有意识到它正在做什么”。（解题突破点：语境推断）
37. A. lost B. stuck C. excited D. burnt
【解题思路】根据上文可知昆虫停在蜘蛛网上，根据常识可知应是被粘住了。
（解题突破点：生活常识+语境推断）
38. A. Sadly B. Clearly C. Suddenly D. Loudly
【解题思路】所选副词修饰蜘蛛猎取食物的动作，suddenly符合语境。
（解题突破点：生活常识+语境推断）
39. A. help B. material C. power D. trick
【解题思路】根据后文内容可知此处表示“一些蜘蛛用另一种不同的伎俩”。
（解题突破点：语境推断）
40. A. lands on B. moves towards C. flies over D. looks into
【解题思路】结合语境、常识及选项可知此处表示昆虫落在了蜘蛛网上。
（解题突破点：生活常识+语境推断）
41. A. when B. before C. until D. unless
【解题思路】结合语境及常识可知此处表示在昆虫逃走之前就抓住它。
（解题突破点：生活常识+逻辑推理）
42. A. soft B. expensive C. important D. amazing
【解题思路】 根据上文内容及engineers have been studying them for years可知此处表示蜘蛛网让人惊叹。（解题突破点：语境推断）
43. A. habits B. plans C. secrets D. records
【解题思路】上文介绍科学家研究蜘蛛网，根据however及后文内容可知还没有研究结果，即蜘蛛们依旧保守着它们的秘密。（解题突破点：语境推断）
第①步：通读全文、理解文章大意
第②步：分析语境及选项，浏览挖空句子或上下文，寻找解题关键信息，选出答案
第③步：复读全文，确保答案正确
Passage 1
Online eating shows are very popular. . .1. . are well-known all over the world. Because many people like watching this kind of . .2. ., some hosts became popular for their ability to eat lots of food. Some people don’t like these shows. . .3. . some hosts can eat so much food, some maybe fake (伪造) it. They just show the hosts are eating a lot of food, but . .4. ., they throw it away later.
Someone calls on people to . .5. . wasting food. They guess that the world will be facing the worst food shortage (短缺) in 50 years. . .6. . videos started showing food waste problems to call for an end to waste food, too.
A study shows that people waste about 1.3 billion tons of food every year in the world. In China, people . .7. . about 35 million tons of food every year.
Nowadays, some people are carrying out . .8. . against wasting food. Some people call on people to eat . .9. . food and stop wasting food. The owners of most large restaurants begin to . .10. . the number of dishes for their customers. In some places, the owners of the . .11. . ask customers to take the “N-1 mode”. For example, a group of 10 people . .12. . only order enough for nine people at first. More food is only brought to the table if they . .13. . need it.
It’s high time for humans to stop food waste. It could not only stop hunger but also . .14. . pollution. Everyone is . .15. . for reducing food waste. Let’s pull together for a better future.
( )1.A. They B. It C. He D. We
A
( )2.A. movies B. novels C. texts D. shows
D
( )3.A. After B. When C. Although D. Unless
( )4.A. in public B. in fact C. in surprise D. in silence
B
( )5.A. have B. start C. allow D. stop
D
( )6.A. Many B. Few C. Much D. Little
A
( )7.A. eat B. waste C. give D. buy
B
( )8.A. parties B. sales C. activities D. festivals
C
( )9.A. double B. thick C. wild D. proper
( )10.A. add B. control C. record D. check
D
B
C
( )14.A. cut in B. cut up C. cut down D. cut off
C
( )15.A. environmental B. understanding
C. responsible D. traditional
C
( )13.A. wisely B. really C. usually D. hardly
B
( )12.A. could B. would C. might D. should
D
( )11.A. restaurants B. bookstores C. offices D. animals
A
Passage 2
You might feel full after having a big meal.But you may actually . .1. . from “hidden hunger”. This means that what you eat may fill your stomach, but it’s not giving you the proper nutrition（营养）that . .2. . body needs.
This happens . .3. . food lacks the vitamins（维生素） and minerals（矿物质）.They are what people need to . .4. . healthy, according to the World Health Organization（WHO）.
“. .5. .,,,,,hidden hunger affects 2 billion people worldwide. The . .6. . includes 300 million people who live in China.It is most commonly seen among . .7. . and teenagers.It can also be . .8. . for people’s health,” China News Service reported.
Many Chinese people don’t get . .9. . vitamins and minerals. One main reason is that the products don’t have many of these nutrients. Over 40 percent of China’s farmland is . .10. . its vitamins and minerals, lowering the nutritional value of the crops that grow on it，according to Xinhua.
“Many of the processed foods that people enjoy eating today，such as chips, hamburgers and cookies, have made the situation . .11. .. Vitamins and minerals are . .12. . lost when these foods are processed, ” People’s Daily noted.
So, China’s government has created several action plans to . .13. . public health.It has . .14. . developed and promoted（推广） nutritious foods.
“Eating more fresh foods like . .15. . ,,,,,,, , ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,whole grains and milk can help us stay healthy. For vegetables like carrots，boiling . .16. . steaming can better keep their nutrition when compared with frying them,” CNN suggests.
( )1.A. suffer B. provide C. prevent D. study
A
( )2.A. my B. your C. his D. her
B
( )3.A. since B. until C. when D. because
C
( )4.A. keep B. make C. save D. leave
A
( )5.A. At times B. At first C. At once D. At present
D
( )6.A. hope B. plan C. number D. choice
C
( )7.A. animals B. foods C. children D. people
C
( )8.A. bad B. good C. important D. necessary
A
( )9.A. little B. simple C. enough D. small
C
( )10.A. getting B. losing C. eating D. having
B
( )11.A. better B. worse C. less D. fewer
B
( )12.A. quickly B. hardly C. mostly D. exactly
C
( )13.A. imagine B. make C. reduce D. improve
D
( )14.A. also B. too C. either D. neither
A
( )15.A. hamburgers B. bread C. noodles D. vegetables
D
( )16.A. but B. or C. for D. so
B
Passage 3
They’re all over the Internet: photos of cute, tiny pigs standing in teacups.
They’re called “teacup pigs”. The name . .1. . like they’ll stay tiny forever. But they won’t. Walter was one of these pigs. “. .2. . first family thought he would stay small,” said Crystal Porter, who works at an . .3. . sanctuary （庇护所） in Indiana, the USA.
“As he grew, they knew their home would not
provide . .4. . space for him.” He was 70 pounds
when he arrived at the sanctuary. . .5. . than one
year later, Walter weighed 100 pounds. And he is not . .6. . growing!
More and more people are buying pigs . .7. . Walter in the USA. At the same time, more and more people are trying to find new homes for pigs like Walter . .8. . they get too big. Special farm sanctuaries . .9. . pigs like Walter. Lollypop Farm in New York is such a . .10. . sanctuary. It had 29 pigs in 2019, more than farm manager Joanna Dychton had . .11. . seen. She said that about 95% of them were first sold as teacup . .12. ..
What can one do to . .13. . a pig a forever home “Research, research, research!” said Crystal. “Do not get a pig if you think it will be like having a dog. Pigs . .14. . cry. Pigs can smile. They can have bad days and . .15. . days. Some pigs are very friendly while others are never in the mood （心情） to be around people, but they still require and deserve （应得） love.”
( )1.A. sounds B. tastes C. looks D. smells
A
( )2.A. Your B. Their C. His D. Her
C
( )3.A. plant B. animal C. land D. sea
B
( )4.A. empty B. noisy C. quiet D. enough
D
( )5.A. Less B. Better C. Worse D. Elder
A
( )6.A. starting B. stopping C. waiting D. helping
B
( )7.A. near B. about C. from D. like
D
( )8.A. though B. whether C. when D. unless
C
( )9.A. stand for B. ask for C. look for D. care for
D
( )10.A. factory B. farm C. hotel D. hospital
B
( )11.A. ever B. never C. yet D. only
A
( )12.A. dogs B. pigs C. birds D. foxes
B
( )13.A. lend B. hurt C. give D. rush
C
( )14.A. must B. shall C. will D. can
D
( )15.A. rainy B. late C. good D. early
C
Passage 4
April 26 is “Hug a Friend Day”. Can you guess how you . .1. . it That’s right—you hug a friend!
Giving a hug can . .2. . love, support, acceptance or even just “hello” or “goodbye”. It can improve a person’s mood or even his . .3. . by lowering his blood pressure and releasing stress, . .4. . it can also get you in trouble.
Once, there was a middle school student in North Carolina, the US. He was . .5. . with another student. His teacher pulled them apart. Afterwards, the student said “thank you” and gave . .6. . a hug.
The teacher did not like this. She . .7. . took the student’s arm and took him to an office. These school officials decided to suspend （开除） him from . .8. ..
Why did she react （反应） so badly . .9. ., the student was a boy and his teacher was a woman. In this . .10. ., she might have thought that the student’s hug wasn’t polite. Also, a student hugging a teacher sends a strange . .11. .—that they are friends and are on an equal or the same level. A hug might make the atmosphere （气氛） . .12. ., especially after she just stopped a fight.
So be . .13. . of who you hug, and when you hug them. The best way to . .14. . misunderstandings is to just ask first. From the person’s reaction, you’ll know . .15. . to hug or not.
( )1.A. remember B. celebrate C. change D. know
B
( )2.A. express B. receive C. find D. hide
A
( )3.A. relationship B. friendship C. environment D. health
D
( )4.A. so B. or C. but D. and
C
( )5.A. shopping B. talking C. fighting D. playing
C
( )6.A. him B. it C. them D. her
D
( )7.A. easily B. angrily C. slowly D. peacefully
B
( )8.A. office B. bank C. hotel D. school
D
( )9.A. First of all B. For example C. In that case D. At last
A
( )10.A. situation B. study C. spirit D. show
A
( )11.A. note B. word C. letter D. message
D
( )12.A. warm B. strange C. relaxing D. enjoyable
B
( )13.A. free B. proud C. afraid D. careful
D
( )14.A. try B. avoid C. forget D. remind
B
( )15.A. when B. why C. whether D. that
C