2021-2022江西中考英语复习课件 3.题型二 完形填空——完形填空B(共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
题型二 完形填空——完形填空B）
分析江西近10年中考真题可知，此题型的命题特点如下表：
文体 说明文：2021~2013 记叙文：2012
话题 中外文化：2020，2016，2015
咨询建议：2021，2019，2014
人物感受：2013，2012科普知识：2018
生活百科：2017
词数 159~212
挖空数 11处：2021 10处：2020~2012
变形个数 4个：2020，2019，2018，2016，2015
2个：2021，2012
1个：2014，2013
3个：2017
首字母大写：2019，2015，2014
续表
必考点 动词 1. 频次：10年27考，每年2-3道；
2. 考查方向：
①作谓语：填原形（17次）：10年11考：情态动词后接动词原形（6次）+一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形（4次）+祈使句（2019.58）
原形→过去式：10年3考
原形→单三形式：10年2考
原形→过去分词：2014.59
②不作谓语：原形→填带to的动词不定式：10年7考；
原形→填不带to的动词不定式：10年3考
续表
必考点 名词 1. 频次：10年20考，每年2道；
2. 考查方向：①不变形：10年11考：不可数名词（5次）+可数名词单数（6次）；
②可数名词单数→可数名词复数：10年9考
形容词 1.频次：10年22考，每年1-3道；
2. 考查方向：①不变形：10年16考；②加-ly变副词：10年6考
续表
穿插考点 连词 1. 频次：10年9考；
2. 考查方向：①并列连词（4次）; ②从属连词（5次）
副词 频次：10年9考，均不变形
续表
穿插 考点 代词 1. 频次：10年8考；
2. 考查方向：①人称代词：10年3考（2020年考查they→their一次，其他均不变形）；
②普通不定代词：10年3考；
③复合不定代词：2013.59；
④指示代词：2019.53
介词 频次：10年3考
宾语从句引导词 频次：10年2考
续表
解题步骤：解答完形填空B）试题时，考生可参考以下步骤：
拓展
单词常见变形：
1. 若符合语境的词是可数名词，需考虑应填其单数形式还是复数形式【用名词的适当形式填空讲解见P23】；
2. 若符合语境的词是形容词，除填形容词原形以外，需考虑以下变形：①加-ly变副词；②变比较级；③变最高级【用形容词的适当形式填空讲解见P32】
3. 若符合语境的词是副词，除填副词原形以外，需考虑以下变形：①变比较级；②变最高级【用副词的适当形式填空讲解见P32】；
4. 若符合语境的词是动词，需考虑是否作谓语以及是否变形【用动词的适当形式填空讲解见P19】；
5. 若符合语境的词是人称代词，需考虑以下变形：①变宾格；②变形容词性物主代词；③变名词性物主代词；④变反身代词【人称代词用法讲解见P34】
真题探究（2021江西）
star：n. 星星 still：adv. 仍然 good：adj. 好的 rest：n./v. 休息 up：adv. 向上 how：conj. 如何 pollution：n.污染 stop：v./n. 停止；车站 small：adj. 小的 see：v. 看到 towards：prep. 向 第①步：分析备选词，标记词性和含义
Look up at the sky at night. What can you see Before electric lights, people could often see about 2,500 different stars. Now, light fills the skies over our cities. This is called light 44.___________. Because of it, people in cities can often only see about ten 45.________！ 第②步：通读全文，了解文章大意
第③步：结合句子结构或上下文提示判断出哪个词符合语境【下方用③标记】
第④步：根据上下文或关键词判断所填词是否需要变形【下方用④标记】
44. ③called后接名词，作宾语，根据上下文可知此处表示光污染，pollution符合语境；
④pollution为抽象名词，不需要变形
45. ③ten后接可数名词复数，作see的宾语，结合前文light fills the skies over our cities，people in cities及备选词可知star符合语境；
④star为可数名词，ten后接复数形式，故填stars
续表
pollution
stars
Most of the time, light helps us. We can 46.______ because of it. It gives plants energy. But light isn’t always 47._______. We need times of dark 48._____rest. One hundred years ago, we had those times of dark. 46. ③can后接动词，作谓语。此段介绍光的用途，结合生活常识及备选词可知see符合语境；④can是情态动词，后接动词原形
47. ③isn’t always后接形容词，作表语，根据后句可知此处表示“光不是总是好的”，good符合语境；④根据语境可知此处不需要变形，填形容词原形即可
48. ③结合语境、常识及备选词可知此处表示“我们需要黑暗来休息”，rest符合语境；④根据句意可知空处所填内容作宾语补足语，应用动词不定式，故填to rest
续表
see
good
to
Now the night is like day. Some scientists are worried about 49. _______ this light affects（影响）our health. These scientists are studying the effects of light pollution. Other scientists are finding ways to 50. _______ light pollution and make our lives better. 49. ③分析句子结构可知本句包含一个宾语从句，空处所填词引导宾语从句，结合语境及备选词可知how符合语境
50. ③根据语境可知“ to 50. light pollution”作定语，表示“遏制光污染”，stop符合语境；④此处作后置定语，应用动词不定式，空前有to，空处填动词原形
续表
how
stop
For example, many streetlights now have covers. The covers focus the light 51.__________ the ground. They stop the light from going 52. _____ into the sky. They also save energy. The covers are a 53. ________ change, but they can 54. ______ have a positive（正面的）effect. 51. ③“51. the ground”空处应填介词，结合语境及备选词可知towards符合语境；④介词填原形即可
52. ③结合into the sky及备选词可知此处表示“它们阻止光上升到天空中”，up符合语境；④up是副词，填原形即可
53. ③a和change之间填形容词，作定语，修饰change，结合语境及备选词可知small符合语境；④根据语境可知此处不需要变形，填形容词原形即可
54. ③句子结构完整，空处应填副词，结合语境及备选词可知still符合语境；④still是副词，填原形即可
第⑤步：复读全文，确保答案正确
续表
towards
up
small
still
Passage 1
because live easy time develop
hour always anyone patient use
Any time we need a taxi, we can pull out our phones and tap buttons（轻敲按钮） and a car will show up. It’s amazing, right But what happens to the elderly people who need a taxi but don’t know how 1. _______ a phone to book one They can only wave（挥手） at the taxi passing by. I feel terrible every time I go to the hospital with my grandmother. There is 2. _______ a long line of sick elderly people waiting for taxis. These people probably need a taxi badly. But they cannot get one 3._________ they do not know how to use a smartphone.
to use
always
because
Over the past ten or so years, technology has 4. ________ quickly. For most of us, it has changed the way we 5. _____. Today, shopping, banking, and even work can all be done over the Internet. Many new apps have made life 6. _______ for us younger people while they have made it more difficult for the older.
China has now come up with several ways to solve the problem, but bridging this “digital gap（数字鸿沟）” needs everyone’s action. Probably7. _________ over the age of 60, at one time or another, has called their children or grandchildren to ask for help with their smartphones. When they do so, we must be 8. ________. What may only take us seconds to learn can take them 9. _________.
developed
live
easier
anyone
patient
hours
Next 10. _______ your elders ask you for help with technology, remember how they spent countless hours teaching you to talk, walk, eat, etc.
time
Passage 2
suggestion health real keep you or
clean often prevent for important
Keeping clean is an important part of a healthy life-style. Keeping clean helps to 1. ______ illnesses. You should keep yourself 2. _______ clean as well as your living area, such as your home or apartment. You should also keep clean when you are at work or when you are traveling. How do you keep 3. _______ clean Here are some 4. ________ to help you.
prevent
really
yourself
suggestions
Shower often. Cleaning your body often is an 5. ________ part of healthy habits.You should try to shower once or twice a week, as showering once a day can dry out your skin. You should also shower after a workout（锻炼）6. ________ after spending a hot day outside.
Keep your mouth clean. 7. ________ your mouth clean, you should brush your teeth twice a day. Brushing your teeth helps to avoid dental（牙齿的） 8. ________ problems. Besides, you should get in the habit of gargling（漱口）after meals.
Wash your hands. Washing your hands 9. _________ will make you healthy and clean. First, wet your hands, turn off the water and keep the soap on your hands 10. ________ at least 20 seconds. Then wash your hands under 11. _______ running water. Finally, dry them.
important
or
To keep
health
often
for
clean
Passage 3
seem become still actually tourist
than if town warm miss
In Puglia, Italy, there is a small town named Alberobello. It’s not far from the city of Bari. At first glance, it’s like any other small Italian 1. _______. The streets are narrow and hilly, the houses are white, the weather is nice and the life is slow.
However, 2. ________ you take a closer look at the houses, you may not believe your eyes. How small and low they are! They 3. _________ straight out of a fairy tale.
town
if
seem
When you go into them, you will find that these houses are 4. _______ real. Some are shops and some are 5. _________ used as homes.
These small low houses are called trulli. They were built no later 6. ________ the 14th century. Alberobello has over 1,500 of them. Trulli are made of limestone. Their walls are very thick. The thick walls make the houses strong and keep the houses 7. _______ in winter and cool in summer. Trulli have cone-shaped roofs. Many have pinnacles（尖顶） on their rooftops. These pinnacles are different in shape and may help the builders to tell which house is their work. Most of the roofs are painted with symbols, and they are very hard 8. _________.
actually
still
than
warm
to miss
Thanks to the beauty of trulli, Alberobello 9. ________ a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1996. Every year, the little town welcomes 10. ________ from around the world, and many of them choose to spend a lovely night in a trulli house.
became
tourists
Passage 4
usual carry good housework mean for
villages go and however heavy
When people have water in their houses, they can wash with it, cook meals with it and drink it.1. _________, in many small villages in Africa, far away from the big cities, the houses don’t have water. In those 2. _________, it is usually women’s job to fetch water for the family. Children help their mothers and elder sisters out with the important 3. _______. But often lakes or rivers are far and water is 4. _________, so women and children can’t fetch enough water in one trip.
However
villages
housework
heavy
It 5. ________ takes many hours and more than one person to fetch water. That’s why children sometimes don’t 6. _______ to school.
It is 7. ________ news that Q Drum, a new invention, will be there to help. The Q Drum can carry about 50 liters（升） of water, 8. _______ it is easy to pull. That 9. _________ a woman or a child can make only one trip to get enough water. This makes life much easier 10. ________ the families in those villages. And if children only need 11. ________ water home once a day or once every two days, they can go to school.
usually
go
good
and
means
for
to carry
Passage 5
from old teacher go open
even personal cost school and
In England, a “public school” is a private independent school. One famous public 1. ________ is Eton College. It was built by King Henry V and 2. ______ in 1440. The school and the uniforms are very 3. _______. Eton is a boarding school（寄宿学校）for 1,290 boys aged from 13 to 18. It 4. ________ 30,000 pounds a year. However,a lot of parents truly want their children to go there. You need to take an exam 5. ________ to Eton College.
school
opened
old
costs
to go
A lot of famous people are 6. ________ Eton, including 19 British Prime Ministers and Princes William and Harry.
Boys have got a simple study-bedroom and join a“house” of 50 students. They’ve got 35 classes a week, with 10 or 20 students, and they also discuss their work with thier 7. ________ tutors（导师）. There are 160 8. ________.
Eton is a very big school with amazing facilities（设施）. It has got nine libraries, three theatres, an Olympic rowing lake 9. _______ a lot of football and rugby courts（橄榄球球场）.It has got an art building, 24 science labs, and 10. ________ a Natural History Museum!
from
personal
teachers
and
even
Passage 6
though robot what sign final much
it lead communicate finish turn
For thousands of years, humans lived in a world where they were the only ones who could have conversations.
Nao, a small robot, looks like a person. If Nao begged you not to shut it off,1. ______ would you do Would you follow 2. ________ wishes
Scientists did a study to see how people treat 3. ________ that act like people. Eight-nine people volunteered for the study. They were asked to help to improve Nao’s social skills by 4. ________ two tasks with it.
what
its
robots
finishing
The tasks with the robot itself weren’t important, 5. ________. What the scientists really wanted to see was how the participants reacted（回应） as soon as the tasks were over. They were asked to talk with Nao and 6. ________ shut Nao off but it was not easy to do. Some people did not want to 7. ________ the robot off while others took a long time to do it.
though
finally
turn
People often 8. ___________ with non-human objects such as TVs and computers nowadays. But robots seem 9. _________ like humans. Robots can show social characters themselves, like speaking in human voices or taking the shape of a human body. Scientists said people might see Nao’s cries as a 10. ________ of independent thought. In turn, this could 11. _________ people to see the robot as the human-like character.
communicate
more
sign
lead
Passage 7
active either tell knee energy
because easy show for suggest anything
Many people may feel warm and happy on sunny days, but on cold rainy days, they often feel sad and tired.Why do people have different moods （情绪） in different kinds of weather Is there 1. ________ interesting between the weather and people’s moods
These years, more and more scientists have done research 2. ________ that the weather can change our moods, and that it can even influence our health.
anything
to show
A report from Discovery 3. _______ us that different kinds of weather can make people feel happy or sad, energetic （精力充沛的） or sleepy. It also says when cold rainy days come, many people will become impatient and angry 4. ______. They don’t want to work or study .They don’t want to talk with others, 5. ______. They feel very sad. Some old people may find their backs,6. _______ and necks hurt very much. This is just because of the cold wet air. So,scientists 7. _______ that people should keep rooms warm.
If it is a warm sunny spring day, most people will have a feeling of 8. ______ and harmony（和睦）. This feeling can make people 9. ______. Many people like to go out 10. _______ a trip on a sunny day, 11. _______ they want to have a good mood, and they think the sunshine will be good for their health.
tells
easily
either
knees
suggest
energy
active
for
because
Passage 8
in they no plastic use scientist
become also quick ask minute
We all wear masks during the pandemic（疫情期间）. But we 1. _______ have to throw them away after a short time. “This could 2. ________ a serious environmental problem,”scientists have warned.
Researchers 3. _______ the US and Denmark did a study. 4. _______ estimated（估计） that people around the world are now using 129 billion face masks every month.
also
become
in
They
That is to say, there are 2.8 million masks used every 5. _________!
Elvis Genbo Xu from the University of Southern Denmark said, “Disposable（一次性的） masks are 6. ________ products. They cannot be 7. ________ biodegraded（生物降解）, but may break into smaller plastic particles（颗粒） that spread widely in the environment, freshwater systems and oceans.”
Unlike other plastic waste that is often recycled, masks have 8. _______ recycling guidelines. 9. ________ warned last summer that there could soon be “more masks than jellyfish” in the Mediterranean Sea.
minute
plastic
quickly
no
Scientists
Researchers have 10. ________ authorities to set up mask-only trash cans. They have also called on more people 11. _______ reusable cotton masks to reduce mask waste.
asked
to use
Passage 9
main make large continue office
since especially without help percent
The United Nations （UN） is an international organization with 193 member states. It tries 1. _______ the world better and more peaceful. It stops wars and protects the environment while they are 2. ________ sick and hungry people in poor countries.
None of these things can be done 3. _______ money，so the members of the UN have to fund （为……提供资金） the organization. Every three years, the UN will look in its pockets and make plans for its budget （预算）.
to make
helping
without
Starting from 2019, China became the second 4. ________ contributor （出资国） to its budget, overtaking Japan. China’s contribution will rise to 12.01 5. ________ of the budget in the next three years, according to the UN. The top contributor will 6. _______ to be the US, which will account for 22%.The size of each country’s portion （份额） of the budget is 7. _________ based on that country’s ability to pay. 8. _________ China has become the second largest economy in the world, the country needs to take on more responsibilities. China has also sent the greatest number of peacekeeping 9. _______ to work on UN missions （任务）. And there will be more Chinese staff working in the UN, 10. _______ in senior positions.
largest
percent
continue
mainly
Since
officers
especially