2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案定语从句

十八 定语从句
考点一、判断什么是定语从句
在复合句中，作定语的句子叫定语从句，它修饰限定某一名词或代词，被修饰限定的词叫先行词，定语从句常跟在先行词（名词或代词）后面。
考点二、关系代词
(
作主语时，关系代词用
who
或
that.
)
(
当
先行词是人
，
在从句中
)1.
(
作宾语
/
表语时，关系代词用
whom
或
that
)
2. 当先行词是物，在从句中做主语、宾语、表语时，关系代词用which或that
3. 当先行词是人或物，在从句中做定语时，引导词（关系代词）用whose.
The girl whose mother is our teacher works very hard.
同步练习：
填出下列定语从句的引导词并翻译。
1. This is the girl _______ writes the most carefully in our class. ________________________
2. This is the girl ________ Mr. Li praised. _________________________________________
3.This is the desk ________ is made by Danny. _____________________________________
4.This is the desk _________ we bought yesterday. __________________________________
5.They planted trees__________ didn’t need much water. _____________________________
6.The fish_________ we ate yesterday was cooked by Jim’s sister. _____________________
7.The boy __________ broke the window is called Tom. ______________________________
8.The foreigner_________ you talked to yesterday is from Canada. ______________________
9.This is the girl ____________ mother works in our school. ___________________________
10.This is the desk ___________ legs are broken. ____________________________________
11. He lives in the room __________ window faces to the south. ________________________
考点三：关系副词
1.当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time, day, hour, year等)，在定语从句中作状语，引导词（关系副词）用when.
I will never forget the day when we met there.
2.当先行词是表示地点的名词(如place, room, house, street, area等)，在定语从句中作状语，引导词（关系副词) 用 where。
This is the house where I was born.
3.why表示原因，当先行词是reason时，引导词（关系副词）用why 。
注：先行词作介词的宾语时，如果先行词是人，只能用whom, 如果先行词是物，只能用which. （介词+whom/ 介词+which)
同步练习：
1.This is the house in _________ Mao Zedong lived. ________________________________
2.This is the house ________ Chairman Mao lived. _________________________________
3. I still remember the night __________I first came to the house. _____________________
4.This is Mr. John for_________ I bought a book yesterday. __________________________
( )5. She often parks her car near the house ______ she can easily get to.
A where B who C which D what
( )6. He came to the factory ______ he worked twenty years ago.
A which B where C that D who
( )7. The house ____ Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
A. which B. that C. in which D. there
( )8. She will never forget the day ______ she was married.
A. when B. which C. that D. what
( )9. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week
A. where B. which C. what D. in that
考点四： 特殊情况
在下列情况下，只能用that引导， 不能用which引导。
(1)当先行词是all, any, few, something, much, little, the one, anything, everything, nothing等代词或被它们修饰时。
如：Is there anything that I can do for you？ 有我可以帮你做的事吗？
(2) 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the book store.
这是书店里卖出去的最有趣的书之一。
(3)当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。
如：My necklace is not the only thing that is missing.
我的项链不是唯一丢失的东西。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
如：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.
我们被我们所参观的学校及老师们深深感动了。
* 定语从句中的谓语动词根据先行词判断
同步练习：
1. Everything _________ he has is an old house. ____________________________________
2. The first mail ________ I got yesterday is yours. __________________________________
3. The most expensive book _________ I bought is a dictionary. ________________________
4. The woman and her dog _______ I meet every day is standing under the tree.
__________________________________________________________________________
5. Who is the woman _________ is talking with our teacher ___________________________
( )6 This is one of the most interesting cities ______ I have ever visited.
A who B that C which D where
( )7 The most important thing ______ we should remember is the first thing ____ we talked.
A which; which B that; that C which; that D that; which
( )8. All ________should be done has been done.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
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