中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 The world of science
（提分小卷·夯实基础）
（时间：120分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 课本知识梳理
一、根据汉语意思填写单词（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1. His parents are tryi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng to pull him out of the ________(虚拟的) world these days.
2. For this job it is __________(值得做的) to know something about medicine.
3. After a long di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )scussion，the land was returned to its __________(原来的) owner.
4. If anyone thin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks he can (起草) the contract more simply, I advise him to try.
5. As is known to all,water (传导) heat faster than air.
6. We must carry the ( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )实验)through to the end, not giving it up halfway.
7. Professor Li will info ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rm you of the detailed (步骤) for doing the experiment.
8. The stone rolled down the mountain due to _________(重力).
9. 9.Mars has an ins ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ubstantial atmosphere,consisting almost e_______(完全地) of carbon dioxide.
10. She has one of the most b__________(聪颖的，新颖的)minds in the country.
1.virtual 2.desirable 3.original 4..draft 5.conducts
6.experiment 7.procedure 8.gravity 9.entirely 10.brilliant21cnjy.com
二、单句填空（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1. He (shoot) at a bird and missed it.
2. It turns o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood (press), and put people into a better mood.
3. (wear) technology is getting a lot of attention these days.
4. Lanier invented t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he term “virtual (real)” and pioneered its early development.
5. He is always ready to help others, (desire) nothing.
6. Online education gives students enough (flexible).
7. Kids don’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t understand how technology can be applied to careers in addition to (compute).
8. (addition) courses may be taken if desired.
9. But Fred was bored and desired (go)home.
10. The car was capable 110 miles per hour. 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
1.shot 2.pressure 3.Wearable 4.reality 5.desiringwww-2-1-cnjy-com
6.flexibility 7.computing 8.Additional 9.to go 10.of
三、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
be well known as,contribute to,hit sb on the head,;in terms of;
thanks to;instead of,come up with,at that time,die from,apart from
1. good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) service,the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
2.The boxes we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re put on a train for K nigsberg,which was a German city.
3.The ball and knocked him out.
4.Hangzhou a beautiful city.
5.Whoever ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave.
6.I am firmly con ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vinced of the significance of honesty,which will
building a warm and harmonious society.
7.When she walked into a room,the students were playing and talking,21*cnjy*com
studying.
8.Every winter some old people hypothermia.
9. the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yle, I don't like the newly released foreign song by the famous singer.
10.The play succeeded the fine acting by the cast.
1.Apart from 2.at t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat time 3.hit him on the head 4.is well known as
5.come up with 6.contribute to 7.instead of 8.die from
9. in terms of 10..thanks to
四、句子翻译。(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
1、他家昨晚着火，一小时后扑灭。
2、他们总共设法救了100个人。
3、过去的两年里，价格平均上涨了百分之
4、请把书放在原处。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
5、他们的问题是缺钱。
6. 这就是你们能想出来的最好的答案吗 (come up with)
7. 我们应学习如何直面失败,而不是逃避这一事实。(instead of)
8. 别忘了把标签系在你的行李上。(attach to)
9. 据报道,每年有数百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。(die from)
10. 婴儿的母亲和另外两个孩子一起逃离了洪水。(along with)
1. His house caught fire and was put out after one hour.2-1-c-n-j-y
2. They managed to save 100 people in all.
3. Prices have risen by an average of 4% in the past.21教育名师原创作品
4. Please leave the book where it was.
5. The problem with them was that they were short of money.
6. Is this the best answer that you can come up with www.21-cn-jy.com
7. We should learn ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w to confront failure instead of avoiding its reality.
8. Don’t forget to attach labels to your luggage.
9. It’s reported th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at millions of people die from illnesses caused by smoking every year.
10. The baby’s mother esca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ped from the flood along with two other children.
第二部分 综合应用拔高
五、阅读理解(本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)
A
In December ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2010，Lauren Robinson walked into science class. “My throat started closing，”she remembers. “They called an ambulance (救护车)，and I had to go to the hospital.” It wasn't the first time that Lauren had to be rushed to the hospital. That's because Lauren,15，has a food allergy (过敏症)．
Many people have fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od allergies. But Lauren's allergy is much worse than most. She can't eat food that contains milk. When she was younger，Lauren could stay safe by choosing food carefully. That changed in middle school. By eighth grade，Lauren couldn't be in the same room with dairy products (乳制品). That's what happened in Lauren's science classroom. Earlier that day，students had held a pizza party. Cheese particles (微粒) still hung in the air. Lauren never returned to school after that.
In 2011，Laure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n got great news. She could go to school and stay safe by driving a robot to class. Lauren controls it from home over the Internet，using a computer. She uses the keyboard to drive the robot from class to class. A video camera on the robot lets Lauren see what is going on in school. A video screen on the robot lets students and teachers see her. It has microphones (话筒) so that everyone can talk to Lauren too.
At first，Laure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n thought that using the robot was “a weird idea”. No one went to school like that. “I kept knocking into walls at first，” says Lauren，laughing. “I'd keep falling！”But she got used to it quickly. Using the robot feels natural now. Lauren even created a way to “raise her hand” using the robot's headlights. “I can turn them on and off until the teacher sees me，” she explains.
Lauren looks forward ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to going to college. She'd like to work in a medical job.
1．Why was Lauren sent to the hospital in December 2010
A．She accidentally drank some milk.
B．She carelessly touched some pizza.
C．She ate some dairy food.
D．She breathed in cheese particles.
2．What do we know about Lauren's allergy
A．Lauren's throat was totally damaged because of it.
B．It becomes better as Lauren gets older.
C．It often puts Lauren in a dangerous situation.
D．Lauren was born with it.
3．The underline ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d word “weird” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．strange B．clever
C．wrong D．big
4．According to the text，the robot ________.
A．was easy to control at first
B．becomes friends with Lauren
C．can communicate with others all by itself
D．makes Lauren feel like she's really in school
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。Lauren通过远程遥控机器人去学校上学。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段的“couldn't be in the same room with dairy products.”及“Cheese particles still hung in the air.”可知，那天在科学课上，Lauren因为吸入奶酪微粒而导致过敏症发作，被送进医院。
2．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中的“My throat started closing”以及第二段中的“But Lauren's allergy is much worse than most.”，“Lauren couldn't be in the same room with dairy products”和“Lauren never returned to school after that.”可知，Lauren的过敏症一旦发作就会产生可怕的后果。
3．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线单词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后的“No one went to school like that.”可知，一开始，Lauren觉得用机器人代替自己去上学很奇怪，因为没人会那样做。
4．答案与解析：D 推理 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )判断题。根据第三段的“A video camera...talk to Lauren too.”以及第四段的“created a way...she explains.”可知，用机器人代替Lauren去学校上学跟她自己去没什么两样。21教育网
B
Parties and social ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.
At parties, pe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ople focus more on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent study from International Data Corporation, over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too many people are using smartphones while driving, and as a result, they get into car crashes. 34 percent of teens admit to text while driving, and they confirm that texting messages is the major interruption while driving. People’s attachment (依恋) to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.
Just as drivers di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )smiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly (无谓地) check or send messages in the presence of their friends, which means that their friends are less important. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantages as making new friends in the real world. Face to face conversations will give us the chance to improve our communication skills in the long run.
As many people risk t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heir lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The technology shows the achievement weaken the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact face to face, but it is also lowering people’s ability to communicate.
5. The purpose of this text is to ________.
A. call for an end to the use of the smartphone while driving21·cn·jy·com
B. appeal to us to pay attention to communication skills
C. express a concern about the overuse of the smartphone
D. advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone
6. The second paragraph is developed by ________.
A. giving examples
B. listing figures
C. comparing facts
D. analyzing the effects
7. The author advocates making new friends ________.21*cnjy*com
A. by using smartphones
B. in a face to face way
C. in different ways
D. under a free circumstance
8. Too much ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that ________.
A. parties and gatherings limit people’s social circle
B. people are more and more narrow minded
C. People’s communication skills are weakened
D. face to face communication becomes less important
5.【答案】C
【解析】写作意图题。本文通过描述 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人们在社交场合或开车时埋头使用手机这一现象，提出了这一现象背后值得思考的话题：手机的过度使用影响到了人们的日常生活和交流，因此选C。
6.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。第二段讲述 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )人们使用手机的情况，比如在聚会上使用手机，以及青少年开车时使用手机发短信的具体事例，因此该段是通过给出一系列的例子来阐述观点的。因此选A。
7.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。作者在第三段的结尾说“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Face-to-face conversations will give us the chance to improve our communication skills in the long run.”，因此选B。
8.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。最后一段谈到人们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )埋头使用手机的坏处是“lowering people's ability to communicate”，C项是对该信息的转述，因此选C。
C
When Gitanjali Rao w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as 11, she invented equipment that quickly detects(检测) lead in water. She became the youngest ever winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge.
In 2016, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) news was full of stories about dangerous drinking water in Flint, Michigan. The water had too much lead in it. Lead is a metal that can cause health problems when people eat or drink it.
There was home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )test equipment that could detect lead in water. But these tests didn't work very well. They took too long and often gave wrong results. Gitanjali wondered if she could create a test that was quick, easy, and right.
One day, Gitan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )jali read a news story about using carbon nanotubes(纳米管) to test for poison in the air. The nanotubes were coated with a chemical that stuck to the poison. When the poison stuck, it changed the way electricity flowed through the tubes. Scientists could measure the electric flow to see how much poison was in the air. Gitanjali wondered if she could use the same way to detect lead in water.
She e-mailed a che ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mistry teacher at her local school. They didn't have a fancy lab, but it was good enough for Gitanjali to test whether her detector could sense lead at all. They started by testing clean water. The electricity meter jumped all over the place. Gitanjali learned how to adjust it. Next they added tiny spoons of lead. After many, many tries—her detector worked.
Then Gitanja ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )li made a phone app so users could use the results instantly on their phones. She entered her idea in a big national competition. When she was picked for the semi-finals, she was assigned an advisor to help her work on her equipment. And—she won!
Gitanjali's ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xt goal is to sell her equipment in stores and make versions that test for different kinds of pollution. She is also very interested in genetics(遗传学).
1.What caused Git ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anjali to be the winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge
A. Her phone app of detecting lead in the air.
B. Her new discovery of lead in water.
C. Her equipment of detecting lead in water.
D. Her new ideas of finding lead in the air.
2.Where did Gitanjali get the inspiration of her invention
A. From the 2016 news.
B. From the news story she read.
C. From a chemistry teacher.
D. From a chemistry lesson.
3.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to 21·世纪*教育网
A. The place.
B. Her detector.
C. The quantity of lead in water.
D. The electricity meter.
4.Which words can be used to describe Gitanjali
A. Determined and creative.
B. Hard-working and outgoing.
C. Confident and devoted.
D. Energetic and sincere.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个11岁的女孩发明了一个能快速检测出水中是否含有铅的设备。
1.C 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“When Gitanjali Rao was 11, she invented equipment that quickly detects(检测) lead in water. She became the youngest…”可知,因为Gitanjali发明了能快速检测出水中是否含有铅的设备,所以她成为该奖项的获得者。故选C项。
2.B 细节理解题。 根据第四段 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的“One day, Gitanjali read a news story about using carbon nanotubes(纳米管) to test for poison in the air…Gitanjali wondered if she could use the same way to detect lead in water.”可知,Gitanjali是从她阅读的一篇新闻报道中得到的发明灵感。故选B项。
3.D 代词指代题。根据上文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的“The electricity meter jumped all over the place.”可知,该代词指代的是上文的the electricity meter。故选D项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Gitanjali Rao was 11, she invented equipment that quickly detects(检测) lead in water.”可知,Gitanjali是富有创造性的人;又根据第五段中的“After many, many tries—her detector worked.”可知,她尝试了很多次,由此可知她是意志坚定的人。故选A项。
D
The bus stops ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the Dutch city of Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical. Now, 316 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city, while also storing rainwater, catching dust, and providing some much-needed shade during the warmer months. This project is good for the honey bee population that is attracted to the plants on the roof. To keep up this successful ecosystem, municipal(市政的)workers drive around in electric cars, taking care of the mini gardens.
Another one of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality. Smoking, cars, and bacteria all contribute to polluting the air we breathe. These eco-friendly public spaces act as an air purifier for city people, though humans aren't the only group that benefit from them.
Utrecht has also made ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) great efforts towards moving their transportation system away from gas-guzzling(高油耗的)buses. The city replaced 10 gas-guzzling buses with electric-powered buses and plans to have only CO2 inactive buses on the roads by 2028.
The buses have a sy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stem that records the driver's efficiency and riders' comfort levels. Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is. The city is also one of the most bicycle-friendly places in the world. Roads have been redesigned for cyclists' convenience and there is a new state-of-the-art 6,000-space bicycle parking area that is located beneath Utrecht's central train station.
Utrecht offers prize ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) money to keep citizens energized and motivated to live greener lives. There are even prize money for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too. Achieving the goals of an eco-friendlier city takes cooperation and Utrecht is leading the way to protect our environment.
12. What is special about the bus stops in Utrecht
A.They are eco-friendly.
B.They can save a lot of energy.
C.They are artificially-intelligent.
D.They can provide electric power for buses.
13. What can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we infer about the changes to the transportation system in Utrecht
A.Not all buses are gas-guzzling at present.
B.Gas-guzzling cars have been completely replaced.2·1·c·n·j·y
C.Only electric private cars are allowed on the roads.
D.Buses have air purifiers fixed on them.
14. What might passengers think of the bus service in Utrecht
A.Buses are always too crowded.
B.Buses are often behind schedule.
C.Buses are too big for redesigned roads.
D.Buses are generally comfortable and safe.
15. What are people living in Utrecht encouraged to do
A.Give up smoking.
B.Create gardens on their roofs.
C.Paint their roofs green.
D.Buy more honey.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,讲述了乌得勒支的公交车站的屋顶被打造成“绿色屋顶”,这些屋顶非常环保且有益于生态。
12.A 细节理解题。根据第一段“…31 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city, while also storing rainwater, catching dust, and providing some much-needed shade during the warmer months.”可知,316个公交车站以绿色屋顶为特色,为城市增添了一些活力,同时也储存雨水,捕捉灰尘,并在温暖月份提供一些急需的阴凉。所以这些车站的特殊之处是可以保护环境,是生态友好的。故选A。
13.A 推理判断题。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第三段“The city replaced 10 gas-guzzling buses with electric-powered buses and plans to have only CO2 inactive buses on the roads by 2028.”(该市将10辆耗油量大的公交车换成了电动公交车,并计划到2028年只让不排放二氧化碳的公交车上路。)可以推断,目前并不是所有的公交车都是高油耗的。故选A。
14.D 细节理解题。根据第四段的“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is.”可知,司机可以靠安全和舒适程度来赢得奖品。由此推知,乘客可以获得安全和舒适的公交服务。故
选D。
15.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e are even prize money for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too.”可知,在乌得勒支人们被鼓励去将屋顶改造成绿色屋顶,即在屋顶打造花园。故选B。
六、完形填空(本题共15小题，每小题1分，共20分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
(2021辽宁葫芦岛高一上期末 )
I have invented ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) robots that crawl(爬)through pipes to check them for damage. Two of my 1 allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels. My love of building things 2 when I was a kid. It wasn't until I leaned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing.
When I was in fourth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) grade, our teacher gave us a 3 . We had to write to a company and learn about the 4 it made. Each student would then give a report in front of the class. I 5 the Thomas A.Edison Company.
Soon after I w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rote to the company, our mailman 6 a package to me. It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I 7 reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that impressed me most were movies, recorded sound and the electric light. Edison became my hero.
My dad notic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed my interest in inventing and 8 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.
Together, my dad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and I repaired radios and televisions. Once, I surprised my dad with a 9 I made to adjust the brakes(刹车)of our car. Later, we found a similar tool in a store. That's when I learned that 10 inventors often invent similar things. It is not 11 for this to happen. I learned, too, that not all great ideas work. 12 is a common part of the inventing process.
As my father an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d I worked together, I began to 13 that my dad was quite an inventor himself. His guiding hands, combined with my 14 in inventing, led me to become an engineer and inventor. But I am 15 to Thomas Edison, too, for first lighting that bulb(电灯泡)inside me.
1.A.approaches B.experiments C.inventions D.conclusion
2.A.died B.began C.fade D.won
3.A.project B.lesson C.surprise D.present
4.A.decisions B.products C.orders D.accounts
5.A.joined B.owned C.started D.chose
6.A.opened B.offered C.delivered D.lent
7.A.enjoyed B.minded C.avoided D.hated
8.A.stopped B.blamed C.controlled D.encouraged
9.A.tool B.promise C.mistake D.trick
10.A.young B.different C.great D.real
11.A.reasonable B.improper C.practical D.unusual
12.A.Imagination B.Failure C.Happiness D.Wealth
13.A.hope B.suggest C.realize D.consider
14.A.honor B.difficulty C.experience D.interest
15.A.grateful B.polite C.related D.equal
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )小对发明感兴趣,通过做学习课题任务,他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下,他最终成了一名发明家。
1.C 我的两项发明可以让 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )汽车成为车轮上的动力装置。根据第一句中的“have invented robots”及下文内容可以看出inventions在此处符合语境。approach方法;experiment试验;invention发明;conclusion结论。
2.B 我对创造东西的热爱始于我还是个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )孩子的时候。根据本空后的“when I was a kid”可知,此处指从孩子时“开始的”。 die死;begin开始;fade变淡;win赢得。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
3.A 当我四年级的时候,我们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的老师给了我们一个课题。根据下文可知,这是学校里老师分配给学生做的课题。project课题,项目;lesson教训,功课;surprise惊讶;present礼物。
4.B 我们必须写信给一家 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )公司,了解他们生产的产品。根据下文作者收到的包裹里有“movies, recorded sound and the electric light”可知此处指了解公司产品。decision决定;product产品;order顺序,命令;account记述,描述。
5.D 我选择了Thomas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )A. Edison公司。根据本段内容可知,我们要了解公司产品,然后在班级里做报告,因此我“选择”了这家公司。join加入,参加;own拥有;start开始;choose选择。
6.C 我写信给公司后不久,邮递员 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )给我送了一个包裹。由mailman可知delivered符合语境,指“邮递员派送包裹”。 open打开;offer提供;deliver递送;lend借出。
7.A 我是多么喜欢阅读和重读有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )关他的发明的故事啊!作者非常崇拜爱迪生,因此喜欢阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。enjoy喜爱;mind介意;avoid避开;hate厌恶。
8.D 我爸爸注意到我对发明的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )兴趣并鼓励我。根据下文“He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.”可推测爸爸鼓励作者继续发明。stop停止;blame责备;control控制;encourage鼓励。
9.A 有一次,我用我自己做的一个调 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )整刹车的工具给了我爸爸一个惊喜。根据下文“Later, we found a similar tool in a store.”可知我们在商店发现了类似的工具,因此此处指“工具”。tool工具;promise许诺;mistake错误;trick诡计。
10.B 那时我才知道,不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西。young年轻的;different不同的;great伟大的;real真的。
11.D 这种情况并不罕见。作者在学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )习发明的过程中了解到,不同的发明家发明类似的东西,这种情况很常见。reasonable合情合理的;improper不正确的;practical切合实际的;unusual不寻常的。
12.B 失败是发明过程中常见的一部分。根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上一句“I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.”可知不是所有的很棒的想法都能实现,因此failure符合语境。imagination想象;failure失败;happiness幸福; wealth财富。
13.C 当父亲和我一起工作时,我开始 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意识到我父亲自己也是一个发明家。hope希望;suggest建议;realize意识到;consider考虑。【版权所有：21教育】
14.D 有了他的指导,加上我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )对发明的兴趣,我成了一名工程师和发明家。根据文章开头的讲述可知,作者从小就对发明感兴趣。honor荣誉;difficulty困难;experience经验,经历;interest兴趣。
15.A 但我也很感谢托马斯·爱迪生,是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )他第一次点亮了我内心的那盏灯。grateful感激的;polite有礼貌的;related有关系的;equal平等的。
7、阅读表达。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
The environmental gro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up Heal the Bay organized a beach clean-up. And I was one of the volunteers. We went to Venice Beach to clean up the trash.【出处：21教育名师】
At first glanc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e, the beach didn't look dirty at all. But then I saw a Styrofoam（泡沫）cup half buried in the sand on the beach. I pulled hard and finally got it out. As we moved farther, we found pieces of Styrofoam spread all over the sand. The Heal the Bay representative had told us that these little pieces of Styrofoam and other small pieces of plastic are what actually harm sea life most. Sea animals eat the plastic. After eating it, they think they are full. As a result, they can die of starvation as they are cheated by their feeling and don’t think they need to eat any food.
We kept on picking up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the trash. Then I saw someone with a full Heal the Bay trash bag and I went to see what was inside. When I opened the trash bag, I found everything from a pair of old jeans and a brown belt to headphone and some plastic bags. It made me very angry with the people who left their things behind without thinking what effects they might have on the ocean.
It is really impo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rtant to protect the ocean. The ocean covers 70 percent of the Earth’s surface. A clean ocean not only helps animals in the ocean survive but also helps us survive.
By noon, the s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )un was shining and the temperature was rising. The volunteers that had spread out across Venice Beach were coming back to throw the trash they had collected into the truck. I could not believe how much trash there was. All together we collected more than 135 bags of trash. I do hope that next time people go to the beach, they will stop littering.
1. Why did the envi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ronmental group go to Venice Beach (No more than 6 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
2. What does the un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )derlined word "starvation" in Paragraph 2 mean in English (1 word )
_________________________________________________________________________
3. How did the a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uthor feel seeing the trash in that volunteer's trash bag according to Paragrap3 （No more than 5 words）
_________________________________________________________________________
4. How much trash d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id the volunteer collect all together that day (No more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
5. What do you t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hink of throwing plastic trash on the beach And why (No more than 25 words)21世纪教育网版权所有
_________________________________________________________________________
1. To clean up the trash.
2. Hunger.
3. He/ She felt very angry.
4. They collected more than 135 bags of trash.
5. It is very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) bad habit because trash thrown on the beach may end up in the sea, resulting in the death of many sea creatures.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 3 The world of science
（提分小卷·夯实基础）
（时间：120分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 课本知识梳理
一、根据汉语意思填写单词（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1. His parents are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )trying to pull him out of the ________(虚拟的) world these days.
2. For this job it is __________(值得做的) to know something about medicine.
3. After a long ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )discussion，the land was returned to its __________(原来的) owner.
4. If anyone think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s he can (起草) the contract more simply, I advise him to try.
5. As is known to all,water (传导) heat faster than air.
6. We must carry the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (实验)through to the end, not giving it up halfway.
7. Professor Li w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill inform you of the detailed (步骤) for doing the experiment.
8. The stone rolled down the mountain due to _________(重力).
9. 9.Mars has an insubst ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )antial atmosphere,consisting almost e_______(完全地) of carbon dioxide.
10. She has one of the most b__________(聪颖的，新颖的)minds in the country.
二、单句填空（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1. He (shoot) at a bird and missed it.
2. It turns ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood (press), and put people into a better mood.
3. (wear) tech ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nology is getting a lot of attention these days.
4. Lanier i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nvented the term “virtual (real)” and pioneered its early development.
5. He is always ready to help others, (desire) nothing.
6. Online education gives students enough (flexible).
7. Kids don’t under ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stand how technology can be applied to careers in addition to (compute).
8. (addition) courses may be taken if desired.
9. But Fred was bored and desired (go)home.
10. The car was capable 110 miles per hour.
三、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
be well known as,contribute to,hit sb on the head,;in terms of;
thanks to;instead of,come up with,at that time,die from,apart from
1. good serv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ice,the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
2.The boxes were p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut on a train for K nigsberg,which was a German city.
3.The ball and knocked him out.
4.Hangzhou a beautiful city.
5.Whoever can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave.
6.I am firmly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) convinced of the significance of honesty,which will
building a warm and harmonious society.
7.When she walked into a room,the students were playing and talking,21·cn·jy·com
studying.
8.Every winter some old people hypothermia.
9. the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) style, I don't like the newly released foreign song by the famous singer.
10.The play succeeded the fine acting by the cast.
四、句子翻译。(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
1、他家昨晚着火，一小时后扑灭。
2、他们总共设法救了100个人。
3、过去的两年里，价格平均上涨了百分之
4、请把书放在原处。
5、他们的问题是缺钱。
6. 这就是你们能想出来的最好的答案吗 (come up with)
7. 我们应学习如何直面失败,而不是逃避这一事实。(instead of)
8. 别忘了把标签系在你的行李上。(attach to)
9. 据报道,每年有数百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。(die from)
10. 婴儿的母亲和另外两个孩子一起逃离了洪水。(along with)
第二部分 综合应用拔高
五、阅读理解(本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)
A
In December 2010，Laur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en Robinson walked into science class. “My throat started closing，”she remembers. “They called an ambulance (救护车)，and I had to go to the hospital.” It wasn't the first time that Lauren had to be rushed to the hospital. That's because Lauren,15，has a food allergy (过敏症)．21世纪教育网版权所有
Many people have foo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d allergies. But Lauren's allergy is much worse than most. She can't eat food that contains milk. When she was younger，Lauren could stay safe by choosing food carefully. That changed in middle school. By eighth grade，Lauren couldn't be in the same room with dairy products (乳制品). That's what happened in Lauren's science classroom. Earlier that day，students had held a pizza party. Cheese particles (微粒) still hung in the air. Lauren never returned to school after that.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
In 2011，Lauren got gre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at news. She could go to school and stay safe by driving a robot to class. Lauren controls it from home over the Internet，using a computer. She uses the keyboard to drive the robot from class to class. A video camera on the robot lets Lauren see what is going on in school. A video screen on the robot lets students and teachers see her. It has microphones (话筒) so that everyone can talk to Lauren too.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
At first，Lauren ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thought that using the robot was “a weird idea”. No one went to school like that. “I kept knocking into walls at first，” says Lauren，laughing. “I'd keep falling！”But she got used to it quickly. Using the robot feels natural now. Lauren even created a way to “raise her hand” using the robot's headlights. “I can turn them on and off until the teacher sees me，” she explains.
Lauren looks forwar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d to going to college. She'd like to work in a medical job.
1．Why was Lauren sent to the hospital in December 2010
A．She accidentally drank some milk.
B．She carelessly touched some pizza.
C．She ate some dairy food.
D．She breathed in cheese particles.
2．What do we know about Lauren's allergy
A．Lauren's throat was totally damaged because of it.
B．It becomes better as Lauren gets older.
C．It often puts Lauren in a dangerous situation.
D．Lauren was born with it.
3．The underlin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed word “weird” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．strange B．clever
C．wrong D．big
4．According to the text，the robot ________.
A．was easy to control at first
B．becomes friends with Lauren
C．can communicate with others all by itself
D．makes Lauren feel like she's really in school
B
Parties and soci ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.21教育网
At parties, peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e focus more on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent study from International Data Corporation, over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too many people are using smartphones while driving, and as a result, they get into car crashes. 34 percent of teens admit to text while driving, and they confirm that texting messages is the major interruption while driving. People’s attachment (依恋) to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.www.21-cn-jy.com
Just as drivers d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly (无谓地) check or send messages in the presence of their friends, which means that their friends are less important. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantages as making new friends in the real world. Face to face conversations will give us the chance to improve our communication skills in the long run.
As many people ri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The technology shows the achievement weaken the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact face to face, but it is also lowering people’s ability to communicate.
5. The purpose of this text is to ________.
A. call for an end to the use of the smartphone while driving
B. appeal to us to pay attention to communication skills21*cnjy*com
C. express a concern about the overuse of the smartphone【版权所有：21教育】
D. advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone
6. The second paragraph is developed by ________.
A. giving examples
B. listing figures
C. comparing facts
D. analyzing the effects
7. The author advocates making new friends ________.
A. by using smartphones
B. in a face to face way
C. in different ways
D. under a free circumstance
8. Too much depen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dence on the smartphone leads to the fact that ________.
A. parties and gatherings limit people’s social circle
B. people are more and more narrow minded
C. People’s communication skills are weakened
D. face to face communication becomes less important
C
When Gitanjali Rao wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s 11, she invented equipment that quickly detects(检测) lead in water. She became the youngest ever winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge.
In 2016, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )news was full of stories about dangerous drinking water in Flint, Michigan. The water had too much lead in it. Lead is a metal that can cause health problems when people eat or drink it.
There was hom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e test equipment that could detect lead in water. But these tests didn't work very well. They took too long and often gave wrong results. Gitanjali wondered if she could create a test that was quick, easy, and right.
One day, Gitanja ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )li read a news story about using carbon nanotubes(纳米管) to test for poison in the air. The nanotubes were coated with a chemical that stuck to the poison. When the poison stuck, it changed the way electricity flowed through the tubes. Scientists could measure the electric flow to see how much poison was in the air. Gitanjali wondered if she could use the same way to detect lead in water.
She e-mailed a ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emistry teacher at her local school. They didn't have a fancy lab, but it was good enough for Gitanjali to test whether her detector could sense lead at all. They started by testing clean water. The electricity meter jumped all over the place. Gitanjali learned how to adjust it. Next they added tiny spoons of lead. After many, many tries—her detector worked.
Then Gitanjali ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )made a phone app so users could use the results instantly on their phones. She entered her idea in a big national competition. When she was picked for the semi-finals, she was assigned an advisor to help her work on her equipment. And—she won!
Gitanjali's next goal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is to sell her equipment in stores and make versions that test for different kinds of pollution. She is also very interested in genetics(遗传学).
1.What caused G ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itanjali to be the winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge
A. Her phone app of detecting lead in the air.
B. Her new discovery of lead in water.
C. Her equipment of detecting lead in water.
D. Her new ideas of finding lead in the air.
2.Where did Gitanjali get the inspiration of her invention 21·世纪*教育网
A. From the 2016 news.
B. From the news story she read.
C. From a chemistry teacher.
D. From a chemistry lesson.
3.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to 21*cnjy*com
A. The place.
B. Her detector.
C. The quantity of lead in water.
D. The electricity meter.
4.Which words can be used to describe Gitanjali
A. Determined and creative.
B. Hard-working and outgoing.
C. Confident and devoted.
D. Energetic and sincere.
D
The bus stops in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the Dutch city of Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical. Now, 316 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city, while also storing rainwater, catching dust, and providing some much-needed shade during the warmer months. This project is good for the honey bee population that is attracted to the plants on the roof. To keep up this successful ecosystem, municipal(市政的)workers drive around in electric cars, taking care of the mini gardens.2·1·c·n·j·y
Another one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality. Smoking, cars, and bacteria all contribute to polluting the air we breathe. These eco-friendly public spaces act as an air purifier for city people, though humans aren't the only group that benefit from them.2-1-c-n-j-y
Utrecht has a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lso made great efforts towards moving their transportation system away from gas-guzzling(高油耗的)buses. The city replaced 10 gas-guzzling buses with electric-powered buses and plans to have only CO2 inactive buses on the roads by 2028.【出处：21教育名师】
The buses ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve a system that records the driver's efficiency and riders' comfort levels. Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is. The city is also one of the most bicycle-friendly places in the world. Roads have been redesigned for cyclists' convenience and there is a new state-of-the-art 6,000-space bicycle parking area that is located beneath Utrecht's central train station.
Utrecht offer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s prize money to keep citizens energized and motivated to live greener lives. There are even prize money for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too. Achieving the goals of an eco-friendlier city takes cooperation and Utrecht is leading the way to protect our environment.
12. What is special about the bus stops in Utrecht
A.They are eco-friendly.
B.They can save a lot of energy.
C.They are artificially-intelligent.
D.They can provide electric power for buses.
13. What can we i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nfer about the changes to the transportation system in Utrecht
A.Not all buses are gas-guzzling at present.
B.Gas-guzzling cars have been completely replaced.
C.Only electric private cars are allowed on the roads.
D.Buses have air purifiers fixed on them.
14. What might passengers think of the bus service in Utrecht
A.Buses are always too crowded.
B.Buses are often behind schedule.
C.Buses are too big for redesigned roads.
D.Buses are generally comfortable and safe.
15. What are people living in Utrecht encouraged to do 21教育名师原创作品
A.Give up smoking.
B.Create gardens on their roofs.
C.Paint their roofs green.
D.Buy more honey.
六、完形填空(本题共15小题，每小题1分，共20分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
(2021辽宁葫芦岛高一上期末 )
I have invented r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )obots that crawl(爬)through pipes to check them for damage. Two of my 1 allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels. My love of building things 2 when I was a kid. It wasn't until I leaned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing. 21cnjy.com
When I was i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n fourth grade, our teacher gave us a 3 . We had to write to a company and learn about the 4 it made. Each student would then give a report in front of the class. I 5 the Thomas A.Edison Company. www-2-1-cnjy-com
Soon after I wr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ote to the company, our mailman 6 a package to me. It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I 7 reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that impressed me most were movies, recorded sound and the electric light. Edison became my hero.
My dad noticed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my interest in inventing and 8 me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.
Together, my dad and I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) repaired radios and televisions. Once, I surprised my dad with a 9 I made to adjust the brakes(刹车)of our car. Later, we found a similar tool in a store. That's when I learned that 10 inventors often invent similar things. It is not 11 for this to happen. I learned, too, that not all great ideas work. 12 is a common part of the inventing process.
As my father and I wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rked together, I began to 13 that my dad was quite an inventor himself. His guiding hands, combined with my 14 in inventing, led me to become an engineer and inventor. But I am 15 to Thomas Edison, too, for first lighting that bulb(电灯泡)inside me.
1.A.approaches B.experiments C.inventions D.conclusion
2.A.died B.began C.fade D.won
3.A.project B.lesson C.surprise D.present
4.A.decisions B.products C.orders D.accounts
5.A.joined B.owned C.started D.chose
6.A.opened B.offered C.delivered D.lent
7.A.enjoyed B.minded C.avoided D.hated
8.A.stopped B.blamed C.controlled D.encouraged
9.A.tool B.promise C.mistake D.trick
10.A.young B.different C.great D.real
11.A.reasonable B.improper C.practical D.unusual
12.A.Imagination B.Failure C.Happiness D.Wealth
13.A.hope B.suggest C.realize D.consider
14.A.honor B.difficulty C.experience D.interest
15.A.grateful B.polite C.related D.equal
7、阅读表达。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
The environmenta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l group Heal the Bay organized a beach clean-up. And I was one of the volunteers. We went to Venice Beach to clean up the trash.
At first glance, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )beach didn't look dirty at all. But then I saw a Styrofoam（泡沫）cup half buried in the sand on the beach. I pulled hard and finally got it out. As we moved farther, we found pieces of Styrofoam spread all over the sand. The Heal the Bay representative had told us that these little pieces of Styrofoam and other small pieces of plastic are what actually harm sea life most. Sea animals eat the plastic. After eating it, they think they are full. As a result, they can die of starvation as they are cheated by their feeling and don’t think they need to eat any food.
We kept on picking up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the trash. Then I saw someone with a full Heal the Bay trash bag and I went to see what was inside. When I opened the trash bag, I found everything from a pair of old jeans and a brown belt to headphone and some plastic bags. It made me very angry with the people who left their things behind without thinking what effects they might have on the ocean.
It is really impor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tant to protect the ocean. The ocean covers 70 percent of the Earth’s surface. A clean ocean not only helps animals in the ocean survive but also helps us survive.
By noon, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sun was shining and the temperature was rising. The volunteers that had spread out across Venice Beach were coming back to throw the trash they had collected into the truck. I could not believe how much trash there was. All together we collected more than 135 bags of trash. I do hope that next time people go to the beach, they will stop littering.
1. Why did the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) environmental group go to Venice Beach (No more than 6 words)
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2. What does the und ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erlined word "starvation" in Paragraph 2 mean in English (1 word )
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3. How did the author ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) feel seeing the trash in that volunteer's trash bag according to Paragrap3 （No more than 5 words）
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4. How much tr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ash did the volunteer collect all together that day (No more than 8 words)
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5. What do you think o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f throwing plastic trash on the beach And why (No more than 25 words)
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