中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
01阅读之细节理解题 备战2022中考英语总复习
一：知识梳理讲解
做阅读理解题，首先要抓住文章 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的主旨和大意，另外还需要搞清楚文中的一些重要细节或事实。细节题在阅读理解部分占比较大，涉及的内容广，包括人物、时间、地点、数目、原因、结果以及文字结构等。这类题目相对要简单一些，它们有两个共同的特点：
1、针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )阅读短文材料中找到对应的文字部分来验证。当然，它可能是一个单词或者短语，也有可能是一个句子或相关的几个句子，但单词、句式和表达方式不同。
2、干扰项常常是主体思想与细节混杂，正确答 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂难辨。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
考查细节题的常见提问形式有以下几种：
(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE
(2).According to the passage, when/where/what / who/how/why… 21cnjy.com
(3). According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT…
(4).Which of the following is Not True in the passage
(5).Which of the following is not mentioned
(6).Choose the right order of this passage.
(7). From this passage we know ________.
二：阅读事实细节题答题技巧
(1)从问题中找到关键词，然后 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以此为线索，运用略读以及阅查的技巧在文章中迅速地寻找这一细节，找到后把这一部分阅读-一遍，仔细比较所给的选项与文中细节，在准确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳的答案。【出处：21教育名师】
(2)把握文章主题与细节以及不同细节之间的关系。
(3)确定答案后回归原文，把所选的答案带回原文中，从而验证答案。
做题口诀：读、划，定、比
读——读题干，了解任务
划——画出题千的关键词，明确任务
定——根据画出的关键词回到文章中定位
比——比较文章和选项中的哪个说法--致
做题忌讳：脱离文章，单凭印象
细节题干扰项特点:
(1)是原文信息，但不是题目要求的信息
(2)符合常识，但不是文章内容
(3)与原文内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动
(4)部分正确，部分错误
三：例题分析
Nine-year- old Antoni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o "Dan Boy" Fernandez Ir was playing with his younger brothers Ken and Billie in their yard after lunch one day last June when he noticed smoke coming from the roof of their house. Realizing his three-year-old brother, Nathaniel, was sleeping in the house, Antonio protected his head with his hands and rushed inside the wooden house.
"I was so afraid to se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the flames (火焰) on the roof, but when I heard my brother crying, I just closed my eyes and rushed in," says Dan Boy, who stopped schooling two years ago to look after his younger brothers.
He found his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )brother sitting in the corner of the room, shaking and crying. Nathaniel was disoriented(迷惑的) from the smoke, so Dan Boy caught him with his right hand. "Don't worry, kuya (big brother) is here," Dan Boy said as he protected Nathaniel from the flames with his own body. Just as they reached the front door, Nathaniel stopped. A nail ( 钉子) had caught his shorts. Flames reached the upper part of the door as Antonio tried to get his brother free. With one last, hard pulling, they ran into the yard as the house was finished. For what he had done, Antonio received a special prize from the government and a university in the city offered to help him go back to school.I would have done the same if Nathaniel were not my brother," says Dan Boy.
1. When did the fire break out
A.In the morning. B.In the afternoon.
C.In the evening. D.In the night.
答案：B
解析：根据 Nine-year- old A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntonio "Dan Boy" Fernandez Ir was playing with his younger brothers Ken and Billie in their yard after lunch one day last June when he noticed smoke coming from the roof of their house.去年6月的一天，9岁的安东尼奥·“丹·男孩”费尔南德斯和他的弟弟肯和比利在他们的院子里玩耍时，他注意到他们的屋顶冒出了烟。可知；答案选B
2. Who is the oldest child in the family
A.Antonio. B.Ken. C.Billie. D.Nathaniel.
答案：A
解析：根据Nine-year- o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld Antonio "Dan Boy" Fernandez Ir was playing with his younger brothers Ken and Billie in their yard after lunch one day last June when he noticed smoke coming from the roof of their house. Realizing his three-year-old brother, Nathaniel, was sleeping in the house 去年6月的一天，9岁的安东尼奥·“丹·男孩”费尔南德斯和他的弟弟肯和比利在他们的院子里玩耍时，他注意到他们的屋顶冒出了烟。意识到他三岁的弟弟纳撒尼尔正睡在房子里可知；答案选A21*cnjy*com
3. How was Nathaniel after the accident
A.Badly hurt. B.A little hurt. C.All right. D.Very well.
答案：C
解析：根据 With one last, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard pulling, they ran into the yard as the house was finished.以及最后一段可知；答案选C
4. Which of the following is the best to describe what Dan Boy did
A.A good luck. B.A hard try.
C.A quick run. D.A heroic act.
答案：D
解析：根据For what he ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d done, Antonio received a special prize from the government and a university in the city offered to help him go back to school.I would have done the same if Nathaniel were not my brother," says Dan Boy. 由于他所做的一切，安东尼奥获得了政府颁发的特别奖励，该市的一所大学表示愿意帮助他重返学校。如果纳撒尼尔不是我的兄弟，我也会做同样的事。”可知；答案选D21*cnjy*com
文章点评：
本文主要讲述了一个小男孩奋不顾 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )身去救弟弟的感人事迹。生活中有很多美丽的瞬间，只是我们不太注意，每个人都有自己的生活方式和生活态度;有些事只有亲身经历过，才能明白其中的蕴涵，对于姐妹之间，兄妹之间的那份亲情虽然平凡但却实实在在，有时回想幼时的种种，总会从噩梦中惊醒，但瞬间那种关爱的眼神又会给我们一点力量,有勇气继续走自己该走的路。所以一定好好珍惜我们身边的亲人。
长难句分析：
Realizing his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )three year-old brother, Nathaniel, was sleeping in the house, Antonio protected his head with his hands and rushed inside the wooden house.
在此句子中, Realizing his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )three year- old brother是现在分词做状语的成分，three -year-old
brother. 与Nathaniel是同位语。
四：课后作业
（A）
A good hobby is an i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mportant part of a teenager’s life. Depending on the hobby, they can become more familiar with history, social sciences and culture. Here are some hobbies for teenagers.
Collecting
Coins may be to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o expensive for teenagers, but postcards, bookmarks even T-shirts can be great things to collect. Teenagers can collect things that do not cost much. Many teenagers enjoy collecting things when they visit a place. No matter what they collect, the most important thing is the information they get from the collection.
Writing
Writing can improve t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eenagers’ language skills. It can be a great hobby for teenagers. Writing a diary can help teenagers enter a private world. It is important for their development. They can also write stories and poems.
Building
Models, birdh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ouses and anything else that teenagers make with their own hands can make them happy. Building is a great hobby because it is easy to start. Most teenagers can find interesting things to build. Building can help them improve their creativity.
Music
Do you dream to b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a music star Music can give teenagers self-confidence. They can sing songs and play an instrument. Sometimes teenagers can learn music in a music club and make friends with the people who have the same hobby.
1. According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the passage, teenagers can learn more about ___ from hobbies.
① history ②social sciences ③culture ④their lives
A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①③④
2. Tom is a middl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e school student, so the best thing for him to collect is ___.
A. gold coins B. famous paintings C. cars D. bookmarks
3. If you keep a diary, ____.
A. you will get good grades in exams B. famous paintings
C. cars D. bookmarks
4. Which of the following hobbies can give teenagers self-confidence 【版权所有：21教育】
A. Collecting. B. Writing. C. Building. D. Music.
5. What is the best title for the passage
A. Teenagers’ Lives. B. How to Choose Hobbies.
C. Hobbies for Teenagers. D. Join Our Clubs.
参考答案：
1. A细节理解题.根据W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ith hobbies，teenagers can become more familiar with history， social science and culture，可知有了爱好，青少年可以更加熟悉历史社 会 科学和文化，故选A
2. D细节理解题.根据Coins m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay be too expensive for teenagers，but postcards，bookmarks even T-shirts can be great things to collect. Teenagers can collect things that do not cost much硬币对青少年来说可能太贵了，但是明信片、书签甚至t恤都是值得收藏的好东西.青少年可以收集不太贵的东西，可知可以收集书签，故选D
3. B细节理解题.根据W ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )riting can improve teenagers' language skills. It can be a great hobby for teenagers. Writing a diary can help teenagers enter a private world，写作可以提高青少年的语言技能.这对青少年来说可能是一个很大的爱好.写日记可以帮助青少年进入个人的世界，可知写作可以提高青少年的语言技能，故选B
4. D 细节理解题.Music ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can give teenagers self-confidence.c可知音乐可以给青少年自信，故选D
5.C细节理解题.A good hobby ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is an important part of a teenager’s life. Depending on the hobby, they can become more familiar with history, social sciences and culture. Here are some hobbies for teenagers.一个好的爱好是青少年生活的重要组成部分。根据业余爱好的不同，他们可以更熟悉历史、社会科学和文化。以下是针对青少年的一些业余爱好。可知答案选C
（B）
Do you know the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )two lovely mascots You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17 of this year, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV. Now, let’s see who they are.
Look at the panda! I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell and looks fat, so we call it “Bing Dwen Dwen”. White is the colour of ice and snow. “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
Do you think the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )red mascot looks like a lantern The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhon Rhon”. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. “Shuey Rhon Rhon”can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
Many people in di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fferent countries like the two mascots very much, and they show their love for them on the Internet.
1．What does the underlined word “mascot” mean in the passage
A．A song of the Olympic Games.
B．A sport of the Olympic Games.
C．A symbol of the Olympic Games.
D．A sign of the Olympic Games.
2．________ is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A． “Fuwa” dolls B．Bing Dwen Dwen
C．An astronaut D．Shuey Rhon Rhon
3．Why do people make o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year comes
A．Because it is easy to make red lanterns.
B．Because “Shuey Rhon Rhon” is a mascot.
C．Because people think red lanterns are very lovely.21世纪教育网版权所有
D．Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A． “Bing Dwen Dwen” can skate very well.
B． “Shuey Rhon Rhon” likes ice sports and is good at them.
C．The two lovely mascots first showed on TV on September 16.
D．Everybody likes the two mascots and shows his love on the Internet.
5．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The sports in Olympic Games
B．Two Olympic mascots come to life
C．2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
D．2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games
参考答案：
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物：冰墩墩和雪容融。
1．词义猜测题。根据文中第一段“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17 of this year, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV.”可知你可能知道2008北京奥运会的五个福娃。今年9月17日，这两个可爱的吉祥物首次在电视上亮相。表明他们是奥运会的象征，根据后文描述这两个吉祥物的象征意义。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文中第二段“ “ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.”可知冰墩墩是2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文中第三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段“Wen the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year.”可知人们在中国新年到来时制作或购买红灯笼。因红色是希望和好运的颜色，所以人们认为他们的梦想将会在新的一年实现。可见人们是认为红灯笼能带来好运。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据文中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第二段““Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them.”可知Bing Dwen Dwen十分喜欢冰上运动，而且擅长冰上运动，可知冰墩墩很会滑冰，故选项A正确，故选A。
5．最佳标题题。本文讲述了2022年北京 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )冬奥会的吉祥物：冰墩墩和雪容融。根据本文主要内容可知本文最佳标题是“两个奥运吉祥物惟妙惟肖”；故选B。
（C）
On Sept. 8, 2020, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )President Xi Jinping presents medals to the recipient（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic（共和国勋章）Zhong Nanshan, and recipients of the national honorary（荣誉的）title “the People’s Hero,” Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, at a meeting commending（表彰）role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic（流行病）at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
Zhong Nanshan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is one of them. He led his team to Wuhan to fight against the illness. He made the important decision to cut off Wuhan from other cities to stop the virus. Thanks to him, the disease is under control day by day.
“Wearing this uniform, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I should do everything for the country,” said Chen Wei, a key figure behind the vaccine（疫苗）. She made great achievements in COVID-19 related basic research and development of vaccine and protective medicine.
Zhang Dingyu, head of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, learned that his wife was infected（感染）with COVID-19, but he still fought in the front line of the epidemic for more than 30 days. And he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients.
Although people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have different positions, industries, abilities and levels, they can create great achievements in common positions. That’s because they have heroic（英雄的）dreams and do heroic deeds. Everyone admires a hero. The heroic Chinese people will surely create newer and greater Chinese miracles（奇迹）.
1．Who has been given the “the Medal of the Republic” by President Xi
A．Zhang Boli. B．Zhong Nanshan.
C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Zhang Dingyu
A．His son was infected with COVID-19.
B．He fought in the front line of the epidemic for over 300 days.
C．His medical team saved thousands of patients.
D．This year, he is eighty-four years old
3．According t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the passage, the recipients are honored because they are all _________.
A．role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic
B．making great achievements in science
C．key figures behind the vaccine
D．developing vaccine and protective medicine in 2020【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
4．According to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )passage, what mainly makes common people create great achievements
A．High positions. B．Good abilities and high levels.
C．Great feelings. D．Heroic dreams and heroic deeds.
5．What is the best title of the passage
A．China’s Great Achievements
B．Development of Vaccine
C．The Heroic Dreams of People
D．Give the Epidemic Heroes Thumb（大拇指）up
参考答案：
本文主要歌颂了疫情期间对国家和人民所做出贡献的那些医护人员。
1．细节理解题。根据“On Sept. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )8, 2020, President Xi Jinping presents medals to the recipient（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic（共和国勋章）Zhong Nanshan”可知，钟南山获得了共和国勋章，故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“And ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients”可知，他领导的团队救治了成千上万的病人，C表述正确，故选C。21教育名师原创作品
3．细节理解题。根据“…at a meeti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng commending（表彰）role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic（流行病）at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing”可知，因为他们都是抗击新冠肺炎疫情的楷模，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“That’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s because they have heroic（英雄的）dreams and do heroic deeds”可知，那是因为他们有英雄的梦想，有英雄的事迹，故选D。
5．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要歌颂了疫情期间对国家和人民所做出贡献的那些医护人员，所以D选项“给疫情英雄点赞”符合本文标题，故选D。
（D）
It seems more and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )more Americans want schools to teach foreign languages to children younger than five years old. The most popular way to teach these young children another language is called immersion (沉浸式语言教学法).
Children in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )immersion programs hear only the new language in the classroom. The children play games, sing songs and talk to one another in the new language. Some experts (专家) say immersion programs are the most effective (有效的) way for young children to learn a language. But there can be a problem when children in the United States begin to learn another language at such an early age. Not many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language. Only seven of the fifty states require (要求) schools to teach a foreign language to students between the ages of six and twelve. Language experts say it is easier for younger children to learn a language. Still, American schools generally do not begin to teach foreign languages until secondary schools. By then, students are about thirteen years old. www-2-1-cnjy-com
American scho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ols face difficult choices about the cost of educational programs. The government has increased support for foreign language study in its education law called No Child Left Behind.www.21-cn-jy.com
At the college, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the Modern Language Association says more students than ever are studying foreign languages and more languages are being studied now than in the past. Spanish is the most widely (广泛地) taught in American colleges and universities. French, German, Chinese and Italian are also popular.
1.The most popular w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay to teach the American children another language is called .
A.task B.speaking C.immersion D.listening
2.Where is Spanish the most widely taught
A.In American colle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ges and universities. B.In American secondary schools.
C.In American high schools. D.In American elementary schools.
3.Students in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )immersion programs can do the following things EXCEPT .
A.talking to one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) another in the new language B.hearing their native language
C.playing games in the new language D.hearing the new language
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage 2-1-c-n-j-y
A.The government doesn’t support this program.
B.All schools will take part in the immersion program. 2·1·c·n·j·y
C.It’s the best for c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hildren to learn a foreign language at an early age.
D.Not many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language.
5.What is the passage mainly about
A.Foreign language teaching in America.
B.Foreign language teaching ways in America.
C.Foreign language teaching in American universities.
D.Foreign language teaching in American high schools.
参考答案：
1. C细节理解题.根据第一段T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he most popular way to teach these young children another language is called immersion(沉浸式语言教学法) .可知最好的教授外语的方式是沉浸式语言教学法.故选C.
2. A.细节题，结合最后S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )panish is the most widely(广泛地)taught in American colleges and universities可知是在美国的学院和大学里广泛教授西班牙语，故答案是A.
3. B细节理解题.根据第二段C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hildren in immersion programs hear only the new language in the classroom. The children play games, sing songs and talk to one another in the new languages，可知孩子们在使用沉浸式教学时只能使用那种新的语言，不会使用母语，故选B.
4. D是非判断题.根据第三段Not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language.没有多少小学继续教外语，可知D正确.
5. B.主旨大意题.结合第- - 段T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he most popular way to teach these young children another language is called immersion (沉浸式语言 教学法) .本文主要介绍美国的外语教学方法.故选B .
（E）
Three students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are talking about the New Year tradition of their own country.
A.Christina from Spain
On the last day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the year, the 31st of December, people wait till 12 p.m.Everybody must have 12 grapes to eat at midnight. At each sound of the clock, we must eat a grape. But we can’t ever finish eating the grapes on time! Usually when people still have some grapes in their mouths, they look at each other and start to laugh. This tradition started in Spain long ago. One year, when there were a lot of grapes, the king of Spain decided to give grapes to everybody to eat on New Year’s Eve.
B.Cordon from Britain
On New Year’s Day in B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ritain, people have parties. At 12 o’clock, the music stops, and we listen to the radio. On the radio we hear Big Ben, the famous clock in London. Then everybody sings a song about friendship and kisses their friends. We say “Happy New Year” to each other. It’s lucky if a tall man with dark hair is the first person to come to the house in the New Year. So I go and visit as many friends as I can. They all give me a drink. 21·世纪*教育网
C.Angela from Brazil
In all cities in Braz ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )il, we have a big party on New Year’s Eve, especially in Rio de Janeiro. People in this city go to the beaches to watch fireworks (烟火). We put flowers in the sea and think about things we want for ourselves and others. We usually wear white clothes for good luck during the New Year.
1.Which is NOT mentioned (被提到) in the passage
A.Have 12 grapes to eat. B.Have parties.
C.Give flowers to others. D.Watch fireworks.
2.Who have parties during the New Year
A.People in Spain. B.People in China.
C.People in Japan. D.People in Brazil.
3.From the paragraph of “Cordon from Britain”, we know that .
A.Cordon can’t drink much
B.people hear Big Ben on the radio
C.people sing a song about good luck
D.everybody in Britain goes to watch fireworks
4.On New Yea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r’s Day, Brazilians usually wear white clothes because .
A.they hope that can bring them good luck
B.that reminds them of their happy life
C.they think that they look beautiful in white
D.that’s what they have to do during the New Year
5.This article mainly tells us .
A.what people in Britain do on New Year’s Day
B.when and where people have New Year parties
C.what people in different countries do on New Year’s Day
D.why people around the world like the New Year
参考答案：
1. C.推理判断题.根据第一段中Eve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rybody must have 12 grapes to eat at midnight.第二段中on New Year's Day in Britain，people have parties.和第三段中People in this city go to the beaches to watch fireworks (焰火) .可知该文没有提到给别人花.故选C.
2. B.细节理解题.根据文中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )In all cities in Brazil, we have a big party on New Year's Eve.可知在英国过年时人都举行聚会，故选B.
3. B.细节理解题.根据文中O ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n New Year's Day in Britain， people have parties .At 12 o'clock，the music stops ,and we listen to the radio. On the radio we hear Big Ben ,the famous clock in London.可知，人们在广播中听到大本钟的声音.故选B.
4.A.细节理解题.根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第三段中We usually wear white clothes for good luck during the New Year.可知巴西人在新年通常穿白色的衣服希望带来好运，故选A.
5.C.主旨大意题.根据该文中三个学生在谈论他们自己国家的新年传统.故选A.
（F）
Would you like to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think. 21教育网
Great changes have tak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a “telepresence” system(远程遥控系统)—allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, healthcare and government services. Around the city, escalators(自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.
The great mind beh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.
About 75% of the wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld’s population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill, head of a research company.
1.According to the text, living in a “smart” city . 21·cn·jy·com
A.is not a green way B.will be far from you【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
C.will soon become true D.is completely impossible
2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.A city of the future. B.A meeting in Songdo.
C.A plan to build a house. D.A report on public health.
3.Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo
A.Cisco. B.IBM.
C.Siemens. D.Microsoft.
4.Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to .
A.drive people out of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cities B.control the world’s population
C.develop hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s own company D.solve the cities’ coming problems
5.Which of the following might be the best title for the text
A.Future Education B.Smart Cities
C.Government Services D.Famous Companies
参考答案：
1. C细节理解题，根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )living in a "smart" city like this could happen sooner than you think.住在这样- -个"智 能"城 市会比你想象的更早发生，可知.住在这样一个"智能"城市很快要变成现实，故选C.
2. A主旨大意题，根据Every hom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e there will have a"telepresence" system (远程遥控系统) - allowing users to control the heating and locks，take part in video meetings， and receive education，healthcare and government services. Around the city，escalators (自动扶梯) will
only move when ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )someone is on them，and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.每个家庭都有一个远程遥控系统-允许用户控制暖气和锁，参加视频会议，接受教育医疗和政府服务.在城市的周围，自动扶梯只有在有人在.上面时才会移动，办公室和学校都
将与系统相连.可知这说的是未来的城市状况，故选A.
3. A细节理解题，根据The gre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco.可知Songdo背后的伟大思想来自于思科公司，故选A.
4. D细节理解题，根据 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )" Making cities smarter is oneway out，andI think this will in turn make cities greener ，"said Dan Hil， 丹希尔说: "让城市变得更聪明是一条出路，我认为这将反过来使城市更加环保. "，可知丹希尔认为让城市变得更聪明是解决城市未来问题的一种方式，故选D.
5.B标题归纳题，根据文章 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第-段的开篇之句Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a "smart" city like this could happen sooner than you think.尽管这听起来 有点离你有点远，但住在这样一个"聪明"的城市可能比你想象的要早，可知文章介绍的是未来的"聪明"城市，故选B.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
01阅读之细节理解题 备战2022中考英语总复习
一：知识梳理讲解
做阅读理解题，首先要抓住文章的主旨和大意， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )另外还需要搞清楚文中的一些重要细节或事实。细节题在阅读理解部分占比较大，涉及的内容广，包括人物、时间、地点、数目、原因、结果以及文字结构等。这类题目相对要简单一些，它们有两个共同的特点：
1、针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )都可以在阅读短文材料中找到对应的文字部分来验证。当然，它可能是一个单词或者短语，也有可能是一个句子或相关的几个句子，但单词、句式和表达方式不同。
2、干扰项常常是主体思想与细节混杂， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )正确答案细节和非正确答案的细节混杂，甚至真假混杂难辨。因此，要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。
考查细节题的常见提问形式有以下几种：
(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE
(2).According to the passage, when/where/what / who/how/why…
(3). According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT…
(4).Which of the following is Not True in the passage
(5).Which of the following is not mentioned
(6).Choose the right order of this passage.
(7). From this passage we know ________.
二：阅读事实细节题答题技巧
(1)从问题中找到关键词， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )然后以此为线索，运用略读以及阅查的技巧在文章中迅速地寻找这一细节，找到后把这一部分阅读-一遍，仔细比较所给的选项与文中细节，在准确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳的答案。
(2)把握文章主题与细节以及不同细节之间的关系。
(3)确定答案后回归原文，把所选的答案带回原文中，从而验证答案。
做题口诀：读、划，定、比
读——读题干，了解任务
划——画出题千的关键词，明确任务
定——根据画出的关键词回到文章中定位
比——比较文章和选项中的哪个说法一致
做题忌讳：脱离文章，单凭印象
细节题干扰项特点:
(1)是原文信息，但不是题目要求的信息
(2)符合常识，但不是文章内容
(3)与原文内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动
(4)部分正确，部分错误
三：例题分析
Nine-year- old Ant ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )onio "Dan Boy" Fernandez Ir was playing with his younger brothers Ken and Billie in their yard after lunch one day last June when he noticed smoke coming from the roof of their house. Realizing his three-year-old brother, Nathaniel, was sleeping in the house, Antonio protected his head with his hands and rushed inside the wooden house.【版权所有：21教育】
"I was so afraid to s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee the flames (火焰) on the roof, but when I heard my brother crying, I just closed my eyes and rushed in," says Dan Boy, who stopped schooling two years ago to look after his younger brothers.
He found his brother ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sitting in the corner of the room, shaking and crying. Nathaniel was disoriented(迷惑的) from the smoke, so Dan Boy caught him with his right hand. "Don't worry, kuya (big brother) is here," Dan Boy said as he protected Nathaniel from the flames with his own body. Just as they reached the front door, Nathaniel stopped. A nail ( 钉子) had caught his shorts. Flames reached the upper part of the door as Antonio tried to get his brother free. With one last, hard pulling, they ran into the yard as the house was finished. For what he had done, Antonio received a special prize from the government and a university in the city offered to help him go back to school.I would have done the same if Nathaniel were not my brother," says Dan Boy.
1. When did the fire break out
A.In the morning. B.In the afternoon.
C.In the evening. D.In the night.
2. Who is the oldest child in the family
A.Antonio. B.Ken. C.Billie. D.Nathaniel.
3. How was Nathaniel after the accident
A.Badly hurt. B.A little hurt. C.All right. D.Very well.
4. Which of the following is the best to describe what Dan Boy did
A.A good luck. B.A hard try.
C.A quick run. D.A heroic act.
文章点评：
本文主要讲述了一个小男孩奋不顾身去 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )救弟弟的感人事迹。生活中有很多美丽的瞬间，只是我们不太注意，每个人都有自己的生活方式和生活态度;有些事只有亲身经历过，才能明白其中的蕴涵，对于姐妹之间，兄妹之间的那份亲情虽然平凡但却实实在在，有时回想幼时的种种，总会从噩梦中惊醒，但瞬间那种关爱的眼神又会给我们一点力量,有勇气继续走自己该走的路。所以一定好好珍惜我们身边的亲人。
长难句分析：
Realizing his three ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )year-old brother, Nathaniel, was sleeping in the house, Antonio protected his head with his hands and rushed inside the wooden house.
在此句子中, Realiz ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing his three year- old brother是现在分词做状语的成分，three -year-old
brother. 与Nathaniel是同位语。
四：课后作业
（A）
A good hobby is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) an important part of a teenager’s life. Depending on the hobby, they can become more familiar with history, social sciences and culture. Here are some hobbies for teenagers.2-1-c-n-j-y
Collecting
Coins may be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) too expensive for teenagers, but postcards, bookmarks even T-shirts can be great things to collect. Teenagers can collect things that do not cost much. Many teenagers enjoy collecting things when they visit a place. No matter what they collect, the most important thing is the information they get from the collection.
Writing
Writing can improve te ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enagers’ language skills. It can be a great hobby for teenagers. Writing a diary can help teenagers enter a private world. It is important for their development. They can also write stories and poems.
Building
Models, birdhous ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es and anything else that teenagers make with their own hands can make them happy. Building is a great hobby because it is easy to start. Most teenagers can find interesting things to build. Building can help them improve their creativity.
Music
Do you dream to be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a music star Music can give teenagers self-confidence. They can sing songs and play an instrument. Sometimes teenagers can learn music in a music club and make friends with the people who have the same hobby.21世纪教育网版权所有
1. According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the passage, teenagers can learn more about ___ from hobbies.
① history ②social sciences ③culture ④their lives21·世纪*教育网
A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①③④
2. Tom is a middl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e school student, so the best thing for him to collect is ___.
A. gold coins B. famous paintings C. cars D. bookmarks
3. If you keep a diary, ____.
A. you will get good grades in exams B. famous paintings
C. cars D. bookmarks【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
4. Which of the following hobbies can give teenagers self-confidence
A. Collecting. B. Writing. C. Building. D. Music.
5. What is the best title for the passage
A. Teenagers’ Lives. B. How to Choose Hobbies.
C. Hobbies for Teenagers. D. Join Our Clubs.
（B）
Do you know the tw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o lovely mascots You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17 of this year, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV. Now, let’s see who they are.
Look at the pan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )da! It looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell and looks fat, so we call it “Bing Dwen Dwen”. White is the colour of ice and snow. “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
Do you think t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he red mascot looks like a lantern The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhon Rhon”. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the colour of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. “Shuey Rhon Rhon”can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
Many people in differ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent countries like the two mascots very much, and they show their love for them on the Internet.www.21-cn-jy.com
1．What does the underlined word “mascot” mean in the passage
A．A song of the Olympic Games.
B．A sport of the Olympic Games.
C．A symbol of the Olympic Games.
D．A sign of the Olympic Games.
2．________ is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A． “Fuwa” dolls B．Bing Dwen Dwen
C．An astronaut D．Shuey Rhon Rhon
3．Why do people make ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year comes
A．Because it is easy to make red lanterns.
B．Because “Shuey Rhon Rhon” is a mascot.
C．Because people think red lanterns are very lovely.
D．Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A． “Bing Dwen Dwen” can skate very well.
B． “Shuey Rhon Rhon” likes ice sports and is good at them.2·1·c·n·j·y
C．The two lovely mascots first showed on TV on September 16.
D．Everybody likes the two mascots and shows his love on the Internet.
5．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The sports in Olympic Games
B．Two Olympic mascots come to life
C．2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
D．2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games
（C）
On Sept. 8, 2020, Pr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esident Xi Jinping presents medals to the recipient（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic（共和国勋章）Zhong Nanshan, and recipients of the national honorary（荣誉的）title “the People’s Hero,” Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu and Chen Wei, at a meeting commending（表彰）role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic（流行病）at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.21cnjy.com
Zhong Nanshan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is one of them. He led his team to Wuhan to fight against the illness. He made the important decision to cut off Wuhan from other cities to stop the virus. Thanks to him, the disease is under control day by day.
“Wearing thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s uniform, I should do everything for the country,” said Chen Wei, a key figure behind the vaccine（疫苗）. She made great achievements in COVID-19 related basic research and development of vaccine and protective medicine.
Zhang Dingyu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), head of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, learned that his wife was infected（感染）with COVID-19, but he still fought in the front line of the epidemic for more than 30 days. And he led the medical team to treat thousands of patients.
Although people have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )different positions, industries, abilities and levels, they can create great achievements in common positions. That’s because they have heroic（英雄的）dreams and do heroic deeds. Everyone admires a hero. The heroic Chinese people will surely create newer and greater Chinese miracles（奇迹）.
1．Who has been given the “the Medal of the Republic” by President Xi
A．Zhang Boli. B．Zhong Nanshan.
C．Zhang Dingyu. D．Chen Wei.
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Zhang Dingyu
A．His son was infected with COVID-19.
B．He fought in the front line of the epidemic for over 300 days.
C．His medical team saved thousands of patients.
D．This year, he is eighty-four years old
3．According to the pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssage, the recipients are honored because they are all _________.
A．role models in the country’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic
B．making great achievements in science
C．key figures behind the vaccine
D．developing vaccine and protective medicine in 2020
4．According to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he passage, what mainly makes common people create great achievements
A．High positions. B．Good abilities and high levels.
C．Great feelings. D．Heroic dreams and heroic deeds.
5．What is the best title of the passage
A．China’s Great Achievements
B．Development of Vaccine
C．The Heroic Dreams of People
D．Give the Epidemic Heroes Thumb（大拇指）up
（D）
It seems more and mor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e Americans want schools to teach foreign languages to children younger than five years old. The most popular way to teach these young children another language is called immersion (沉浸式语言教学法).
Children in immersio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n programs hear only the new language in the classroom. The children play games, sing songs and talk to one another in the new language. Some experts (专家) say immersion programs are the most effective (有效的) way for young children to learn a language. But there can be a problem when children in the United States begin to learn another language at such an early age. Not many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language. Only seven of the fifty states require (要求) schools to teach a foreign language to students between the ages of six and twelve. Language experts say it is easier for younger children to learn a language. Still, American schools generally do not begin to teach foreign languages until secondary schools. By then, students are about thirteen years old. 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
American schools fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce difficult choices about the cost of educational programs. The government has increased support for foreign language study in its education law called No Child Left Behind.
At the college, the M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )odern Language Association says more students than ever are studying foreign languages and more languages are being studied now than in the past. Spanish is the most widely (广泛地) taught in American colleges and universities. French, German, Chinese and Italian are also popular.
1.The most popu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lar way to teach the American children another language is called .
A.task B.speaking C.immersion D.listening
2.Where is Spanish the most widely taught
A.In American co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lleges and universities. B.In American secondary schools.
C.In American high schools. D.In American elementary schools.
3.Students in immersio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n programs can do the following things EXCEPT .
A.talking to one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )another in the new language B.hearing their native language
C.playing games in the new language D.hearing the new language
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage www-2-1-cnjy-com
A.The government doesn’t support this program.
B.All schools will take part in the immersion program.
C.It’s the best for ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ildren to learn a foreign language at an early age.
D.Not many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language.
5.What is the passage mainly about
A.Foreign language teaching in America.
B.Foreign language teaching ways in America.
C.Foreign language teaching in American universities.
D.Foreign language teaching in American high schools.
（E）
Three students are tal ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )king about the New Year tradition of their own country.
A.Christina from Spain
On the last day of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he year, the 31st of December, people wait till 12 p.m.Everybody must have 12 grapes to eat at midnight. At each sound of the clock, we must eat a grape. But we can’t ever finish eating the grapes on time! Usually when people still have some grapes in their mouths, they look at each other and start to laugh. This tradition started in Spain long ago. One year, when there were a lot of grapes, the king of Spain decided to give grapes to everybody to eat on New Year’s Eve. 21教育名师原创作品
B.Cordon from Britain
On New Year’s Day in B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ritain, people have parties. At 12 o’clock, the music stops, and we listen to the radio. On the radio we hear Big Ben, the famous clock in London. Then everybody sings a song about friendship and kisses their friends. We say “Happy New Year” to each other. It’s lucky if a tall man with dark hair is the first person to come to the house in the New Year. So I go and visit as many friends as I can. They all give me a drink.
C.Angela from Brazil
In all cities in Braz ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )il, we have a big party on New Year’s Eve, especially in Rio de Janeiro. People in this city go to the beaches to watch fireworks (烟火). We put flowers in the sea and think about things we want for ourselves and others. We usually wear white clothes for good luck during the New Year.
1.Which is NOT mentioned (被提到) in the passage
A.Have 12 grapes to eat. B.Have parties.
C.Give flowers to others. D.Watch fireworks.
2.Who have parties during the New Year
A.People in Spain. B.People in China.
C.People in Japan. D.People in Brazil.
3.From the paragraph of “Cordon from Britain”, we know that . 21*cnjy*com
A.Cordon can’t drink much
B.people hear Big Ben on the radio
C.people sing a song about good luck
D.everybody in Britain goes to watch fireworks
4.On New Year ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s Day, Brazilians usually wear white clothes because .
A.they hope that can bring them good luck
B.that reminds them of their happy life
C.they think that they look beautiful in white
D.that’s what they have to do during the New Year
5.This article mainly tells us .
A.what people in Britain do on New Year’s Day
B.when and where people have New Year parties
C.what people in different countries do on New Year’s Day21·cn·jy·com
D.why people around the world like the New Year
（F）
Would you like to live ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think. 【出处：21教育名师】
Great changes have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a “telepresence” system(远程遥控系统)—allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, healthcare and government services. Around the city, escalators(自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.
The great mind behind ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.
About 75% of the world ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’s population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill, head of a research company.
1.According to the text, living in a “smart” city .
A.is not a green way B.will be far from you21*cnjy*com
C.will soon become true D.is completely impossible
2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.A city of the future. B.A meeting in Songdo.
C.A plan to build a house. D.A report on public health.
3.Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo
A.Cisco. B.IBM.
C.Siemens. D.Microsoft.
4.Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to .
A.drive people out of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cities B.control the world’s population
C.develop his ow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n company D.solve the cities’ coming problems
5.Which of the following might be the best title for the text 21教育网
A.Future Education B.Smart Cities
C.Government Services D.Famous Companies
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