英语高中牛津译林版选修九Unit1《Other countries, other cultures》课件1

课件57张PPT。Unit 1
Other countries, other culturesPara 1minus prep. 减; 零下
Seven minus three equals four.
The temperature today is minus ten degrees centigrade. 。
plus prep 加
One plus one equals two. Canada is one of the largest countries in the world, second only to Russia, and has always been famous for its fantastic natural scenery.
second to 仅次于……
Our city has an area of 20,000 square kilometers, second only to the largest city in our province.
I think that, as a writer, he is second to none.
second to none 最好的He is such a good player that he is_______
________（= the best无人能比.）
next to 在…后面，跟在…之后
Next to music, he loves tennis best.
My horse came next to last (---last but one) in the race. second
to none除了音乐，他最喜欢网球。倒数第二名superior to 比…好，强
junior/senior to 比…年轻/年长
他比我小两岁。
second
第二大城市 仅次于最好的
二手的 without a second thought
a second visit the second visitHe is junior to me by two years.second largest citysecond-bestsecond-hand毫不犹豫地又一次第二次ability. 这个雇员在能力上比上个强。
This employee is superior to the former into protect (a person, place, etc)
from harm ,danger or an attack on
d_______ [vt.] efend defend sb/oneself against
保卫; 抵抗
defend sb/ sth, oneself from
保护, 保卫(使不受伤害)1)When the dog attacked him, he
picked up a stone to defend himself.
2)We defend our country against
enemies.
3)The law defends people from
injustice.4)He’s trying to defend himself
against the critics.
5) He will defend his title next month.
6) The mayor intends to defend his seat in the next election.
7) He has employed one of the city’s top lawyers to defend him.辩解，辩白打卫冕赛(法律)辩护defence / defense n. ( in defence of)
defendant n. 被告人
defender n. 守卫者；后卫
defensive adj. 防御的;戒备的;防守的
on/ onto the defensive (n.)
处于防御姿态/ 戒备状态/采取守势
defensible adj. 可辩解的；可防御的
defend; protect; guard
这三个词都有“保护、使安全”的意思，也都可用于defend / protect / guard ... against / from ... 结构中。
defend:指“保卫，防卫，防御”，使用范围广，对象可以是具体事物，也可以是抽象事物；
guard:强调注意观察、留心守望、戒备，以免受到可能的攻击或伤害；
protect:强调保护……以免受到危险或伤害等。
根据提示完成下列句子。
1). _____________________ (你能否自卫) if you are attacked in the street?
2). They__________________________
________________ (看守着房子，
防止陌生人进入).Can you defend yourself guarded the house against
/ from strangers根据提示完成下列句子。
3). Everyone ____________________
__________(应该学会保护自己)
against any possible danger. should learn to protect themselvesscenery scene sight view (总称)风景,景色, 尤指自然风光景色.景象,指某一处的自然风光,可以说多个scene 构成一个scenery 风景, 名胜,指人文景观景色,风景,是从人的角度一眼看到景色辨析The sunrise is a beautiful ________.
This country is famous for fantastic natural ___________.
The __________ of London have left me a deep impression.
The millionaire bought a house with a fine ______ over the valley. scene/sight scenery sights view Para 2 waste n. 浪费；废物，垃圾；荒地 v. 浪费 adj. 废弃的，荒芜的
Industrial waste must be prevented from polluting our rivers.
必须禁止工业废料污染我们的河流。
a waste of
In his opinion, it is a waste of time and money to have holidays.
他认为度假浪费时间和金钱。
waste sth in doing sth. 浪费时间做某事

I’m not going to waste any more words on the subject.
在这个问题上我不想再多费唇舌了。
Don’t waste your time doing nothing. 不要无所事事。
a waste product 废品 waste water 废水
【谚语】Waste not, want not. 不浪费，不愁缺。
注：waste作大片荒原的时候大多用作复数 There are many wild animals in the forests and on the freezing lands in the north, and fish are abundant in the seas and rivers.
freezing adj. 极冷的；寒冷的
It’s freezing, isn’t it? frozen adj. 冰冻的
The man sat?frozen?with fear.?那人吓得呆坐着。
freeze v 冻结；冷冻；僵硬；凝固2. having a plentiful supply (of)
a________ [adj.]bundant
an abundant harvest 丰收
an abundant year 丰年
be abundant/rich in 富于...;...很丰富
中国天然资源丰富。
China is abundant in natural
resources. 这个国家的石油供应非常充足。The country has abundant supplies of oil. = is abundantly supplied with =This country has an abundance of oil. =The country is abundant in oil.We have abundant time to go there. 2. (line 11) abundant adj.丰富的，充裕的---available in large quantity; rich abundance n. 丰富，富裕 Canadians, especially wildlife photographers and hunters, are quite fond of the wilderness, and you will be too.
be fond of 爱好，喜欢
He was fond of drawing when he was a child.
Young people are fond of some exciting games. Para 3The majority is(或are) against the plan.
大多数人都反对这个计划。
注：当the majority 强调整体时，使用单数动词，若强调的是团体中的每一个分子，则动词用复数）majority n. 多数, 大半the majority 大多数，过半数大多数人都站在本的一边。
The majority were on Ben's side. 常用词组
in the majority
占多数, 拥有多数
by a bare majority
以勉强的多数票(当选或通过)
gain the majority
赢得多数票Para 4 Toronto, the largest city in Canada, ranks among the most multicultural cities in the world.
rank 在这句话中是动词，意思是“属于某个等级；排列”
They ranked high in their class.
She ranked her students according to their grades. rank 还可以做名词，意思是“等级; 地位, 身份, 军衔，横列”等
They are people of all ranks and classes.
He is above me in rank.
He was promoted to the rank of captain.
知识链接 In the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Tower for short.
in the heart of 在 ... 的中心； 在 ... 的心脏地带
The school is situated in the heart of the city.
You stay at a very new hotel in the heart of Hong Kong island. for short 简称，缩写
In England, people usually call me Jim for short.
Robert is usually called “Bob” for short. A is short for B “A是B的缩写（简称）”。
Tom is short for Thomas.
Tom是Thomas的简称。
for short是固定搭配，意为“简称；缩写”，常放在句末。
People usually call me Tom for short.
人们常常简称我为Tom.
be short of　　缺乏……
I’m a little short (= I do not have much money) this week — could you lend me ten dollars?
我手头紧， 你能不能借我10美元。We’re short of coffee — I must get some more.
我们没有咖啡了，我要去买一些。
The bill comes to $85, but we’re $15 short.
帐单总计为85美元，但我们缺15美元．
in short　　　简言之Para 5mix vt. 混合，搀和
mix sth with sth
Don‘t mix business with pleasure. 不要把工作娱乐搀和在一起。
2) mixed adj 混合的 mixed doubles 男女混合双打
3）mixture n 混合物。 a mixture of sorrow and anger 悲愤交加 settlement n. 解决，处理
The strikers have reached a settlement with the
employers.
罢工的人已和雇主达成协议。
settle vt. & vi. 定居；停留；解决，处理
After years of travel, we decided to settle here.
我们旅行多年后，决定在此定居。
settle down 安定/安顿下来
It’s terrible. I can’t settle down to anything today. 真糟糕，我今天无法安下心来做任何事。
settlement n. 解决，处理
The strikers have reached a settlement with the
employers.
settle vt. & vi. 定居；停留；解决，处理
After years of travel, we decided to settle here.
settle down 安定/安顿下来
It’s terrible. I can’t settle down to anything today.
That settles it. Montreal, a port in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada, and also the second largest French-speaking city in the world, Paris being the largest.
Paris being the largest 是独立主格结构，这里是补充说明，其中Paris 是 being the largest 的逻辑主语
Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class.
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. There are old buildings, historic churches, narrow streets and alleys, all alongside glass and steel and concrete skyscrapers towering upwards.
historic adj. 历史上著名的；有历史意义的
The historic battle changed the fate of two nations.
China's takeover of Hong Kong was a historic event.historical是指“历史方面的、与历史直接相关的”。生活中的例子：历史方面的研究（historical research）、历史人物（historical figure）、史料（historical material）
I have been doing some historical research.
Was Robin Hood a historical figure?知识链接 concrete
adj. 具体的，实质性的
n. 水泥，混凝土
Do you have any concrete thoughts on how to deal with this difficulty?
The concrete walls are reinforced with steel rods. 词义辨析：concrete, specific
这两个形容词均含“具体的”之意。
concrete: 指通过感官能看到、听到、触到的具体东西。其反义词是abstract。
specific: 侧重指具体的细节，是与general(一般的)，vague(模糊的)相对的具体。 ensure ? vt.. 保证; 担保, 保险; 保护; 使安全(against, from)This medicine will ensure you a good night's sleep.
我不能担保他会及时到那儿。
I can't ensure that he will be there on time.
=I can't ensure his being on time.
你要确保赶上那班飞机，就坐出租车去吧。
If you want to ensure that you catch the plane,
take a taxi.
ensure sb. against /from danger保护某人免受危险
ensure success / safety / supplies
保证成功/安全/供应
superb 极好的，优秀的----very good, excellent We have superb cooks and offer superb
service in our restaurant.
I read a superb novel written by my
favourite author. … in addition to being close to some very popular ski areas.
in addition to “除 ... 之外(还)”, 相当于besides
In addition to an album, I gave him a pen and a pencil.
In addition to giving a general introduction to the computer, the course also provides practical experience.We have to give the users something new _____ what we’ve already offered, which is the only way to broaden the appeal of the website.
A. in exchange for B. regardless of
C. in addition to D. according toC in addition 另外
They eat a great deal of fruit in addition.
in addition to整个词组相当于一个介词，所以to的后面要接宾语。in addition相当于副词，可以放在句首、句中或句尾。知识链接 cover的含义China is the third largest country in the world, covering an area of 9.6 million square kilometers.
I want our best reporters sent to cover the event.
The doctor’s talk covered the history of medicine from Roman times to the present day. ----（占）（报道）（涉及）consist v. 一致, 由...组成, 包括A university consists of teachers, administrators and students. 由...组成(of)
大学由教师,行政人员和学生组成。
The information consists with his account. （与...）一致 (with) 消息与他的叙述相符合.
世界由七大洲四大洋组成。
The world is made up of seven continents
and four oceans.
=The world consists of seven …
=The world is composed of seven … Edmonton, a city in British …, is home to the West Edmonton Mall.
be home to 是......的家园； 是…的所在地
This place is home to pandas.
India is home to as many as half the world' s tigers. The waterfalls, the largest of which is shaped like a semicircle, are 670 meters wide, and fall 56 meters in an awesome white sheet of water.
be shaped like 形状做得像……
The Sydney Opera House’s roof is shaped like a ship’s sails.shape n. vt. There was a red mark on his back, in the shape of the letter S.
The car was so damaged that it was out of shape.
The building takes the shape of a bird nest.
成…形状
After a further discussion, our plans of a new library are beginning to take shape.
成形
The man shaped his hands into a cup.
使…成…的形状
Events that happen in the childhood may shape the character and development
of a man in his later life. 成…形状变形决定相关短语
in shape 在形状上, 在外型上
in the shape of 以...的形状/形式, 作为
get / put sth. into shape 使成一定形状
be in bad shape
情况还处于混乱状态; 健康情况不佳
keep ... in shape 使...保持原形
in good shape
完整无损, 处于良好状态, 健康情况良好He insisted on the windows ___ open while he was sleeping.
A. left 　B. being left　C. leaving D. be left
The road ___ caused us to stop our work
for half an hour.
blocked B. was blocked 　
C. blocking　 D. being blocked
3. The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son ____ to college.
A. had been admitted 　 B. admitted 　　
C. having been admitted D. having admitted 4.I couldn't do my homework with all that noise ______. A. going on? B. goes on??
C. went on? D. to go on
5. I sent you 100 dollars today, the rest ___
in a year. A. follows?? B. followed??
C. to follow?? D. being followed????????????
6. _____ and no way to reduce her pain and
suffering from the terrible disease, the
patient sought her doctor's help to end
her life. A. Having given up hope of cure??
B. With no hope for cure?
C. In the hope of cure??????? 7. It was a pity that the great writer died _______ his works unfinished.
A. for?? B. with?? C. from?? D. of??
8. ?With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled?? B. settling??
C. to settle?? D. being settled?
9. He lay there, his eyes _____ straight up.
A. looking B. to look
C. looked D. look????????????????????? ???????