2022届高考英语二轮复习：历年高考语篇填空分类专题 学案（含答案）

轮复习英语
语篇填空
Class_____________
Group____________
Name_____________
备课组长________________________ 学科主任___________________
年级主任___________________教师发展中心_____________________
【整体建构】
【Learning Objectives】
1. Have a clear understanding of what “the Rational close” is testing you.
2. Learn the practical steps and experience to solve it.
3. Make a plan to make up for your weak test-points.
【Context and Task】
语法填空题型旨在考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇、语法和语用知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法百度等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。一篇文章10个空，每空1.5分。其中，一般7个空是有提示词的，相当于用所给词的正确形式填空；另外3个是没有提示词的，需要我们填入连词，代词，介词，冠词等虚词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断应填写的内容。只要有扎实的英语基础知识并辅之以相应的解题技巧，考生就能拿到高分。
一、语法填空考查能力
1. 语篇阅读、语篇理解。
2. 句子成分分析(词类转换)。
3. 句子结构分析(并列连词、从属连词)。
4. 固定搭配(冠词、介词)
5. 逻辑推理。
6. 单词拼写。
二、历年考点
高考语法填空题考查过的考点有：时态和语态、非谓语动词、助动词、形容词、副词、名词、冠词、代词、介词、连词、连接词、关系词、祈使句。
这些考点共到(课程标谁)中的19个法项目，暂时在高考中没有考到的语法项目有：数词、省略、倒装、强调、虚拟语气。另外，动词中的情态动词以及除一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时外的时态目前均没有在高考中考查过。
三、解题步骤:
1、快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；
2、上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；
3、通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。
四、解题思路:
1、有提示词
这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致，首先需要根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。
1)如果要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。 如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。
若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是to do， doing还是done的形式。
2)如果需要填入名词，我们则需要判断是否有单复数的变化。
3)如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。
2、无提示词
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词(并列连词和从属连词)等虚词。
1) 名词前面一般用冠词，代词或介词等。
2) 缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。
3)并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and， but， or等
4)两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词 ( what，which， who， how， when等)。比如宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。
【探究迁移】
热点探究一 动词形式最常考，辨清“谓语”和“非谓语”
谓语动词
动词的时态（详情和例题参照《赢在微点》P41）
动词的语态（详情和例题参照《赢在微点》P42）
主谓一致：一致原则/就近原则/就远原则（例题参照《赢在微点》P43）
非谓语动词（详情和例题参照教辅《赢在微点》P41）
热点探究二 名词、数词、形容词和副词
词形转化之常见前缀后缀盘点
前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性；后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。
（1）后缀
副词后缀
-ly：absolutely, completely, exactly, extremely, frequently, obviously, particularly,
similarly, suddenly
形容词后缀
-able / -ible：reasonable, flexible, reliable, valuable, accessible, considerable
-ive：effective, sensitive, attractive, impressive
-al / -ial：practical, beneficial, financial, facial, mental, personal
-ate：considerate, fortunate
-ful：powerful, successful, wonderful, fearful, respectful, skillful, thoughtful,
shameful
-ly：likely, lively, lonely, deadly, elderly, hourly, yearly, daily
-ent：confident, convenient, independent, different, violent
-less:countless, homeless, useless, breathless, effortless, selfless
-y:guilty, healthy, hungry, sleepy, tasty, thirsty, wealthy, worthy, dusty
-ic：energetic, scientific, fantastic
-ary / -ory：contradictory, documentary, imaginary
-ous：obvious, various, adventurous, ambitious, courageous, disastrous, mountainous
名词后缀
-ity / -ty / -y：curiosity, responsibility, safety, security, similarity, necessity
-ance / -ence：appearance, performance, acceptance, confidence, preference,
significance
-sion / -tion：contribution, decision, impression, admission, concentration, discussion,
donation
-th：strength, depth, growth, length, warmth, width
-ment：achievement, treatment, amusement, arrangement, excitement, improvement
-ure / -ture / -ature：failure, pressure, exposure, mixture, signature
-ing：building, suffering, understanding, warning
-al：approval, arrival, survival
-cy：accuracy, fluency, frequency, privacy
-ness：awareness, coldness, weakness
动词后缀
-ate:concentrate, accelerate, advocate, regulate
-(e)n:broaden, fasten, frighten, sharpen, strengthen, darken, deepen, harden, lengthen
-(i)fy：satisfy, clarify, classify, identify, qualify, simplify, terrify
-ize / -ise:apologize, organize, realize, recognize
名词后缀（人）
-ar / -er / -or：conductor, director, engineer, beggar, employer, instructor, interviewer, lawyer, liar
-ist：artist, novelist, specialist, tourist, pianist, scientist, violinist
-ant ：accountant, assistant, servant
（2）前缀
anti- 反对，对抗；相反；防(止)：anti-aging, anti-anxiety, anti-virus, antifreeze
dis- 不，否定，相反：disadvantage, discourage, dishonest, dislike, disorder
il- / im- / in- / ir- 不，非，无：illegal, impatient, impossible, inexpensive, immoral,
inconvenient, irregular
mis- 错误的；坏的；不，相反：misfortune, misunderstand, mislead, mistrust
non- 无，不，非：nonprofit, nonsense, nonsmoking, nonstop, non-recycling
un- 不；表示相反的动作：unable, unexpected, unfortunate, unusual, unfair,
unforgettable, unnecessary
co- 和……一起，共同：cooperate, co-discover, co-renter, co-worker
en- 使处于……状态，使具有……特性；围住：enable, encourage, enjoy, endanger,
enlarge, enrich, ensure
extra- 在……之外，超出；非常，格外：extraordinary, extra-large, extra-strong
inter- 在……之间，相互：interrupt, interview, interaction, international, Internet,
interval
micro- 极小的，微小的：microbiology, microphone, microscope, microwave
mini- (同类中) 特小的，微型的：minibus, minicomputer, miniskirt
multi- 多于一的，多的： multimedia, multinational, multitask
pre- 在……之前，预先：predict, prejudice, prepaid, preview
re- 再，重新：remind, remove, replace, return, review, react, reaction
tele- 远 (距离) 的；电视的；使用电话的：telephone, telescope, television, telesales
trans- 横穿，横贯；表示变化：transform, translate, transport, transportation, transplant
比较级和最高级
名词单复数（详情和例题参照教辅《赢在微点》P52）
热点探究三 小词不可忽视：冠词、代词、介词（短语）和动词短语
热点探究四 并列连词和复合句
并列句答题微点
定语从句
名词性从句
4.状语从句
热点探究五 特殊句式
【拓展过关】
Chapter 1 谓语动词
▲ 2019 年
全国 I 卷
In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
全国 II 卷
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years.
全国 III 卷
Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
浙江卷
One study in America found that students’ grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
▲ 2018 年
全国 I 卷
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
全国 II 卷
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice.
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
全国 III 卷
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm.
浙江卷
I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost.
▲ 2017 年
全国 I 卷
When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
全国 II 卷
Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the introduction of electric-powered engines and lifts.
全国 III 卷
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling ...”
浙江卷
Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.
Chapter 2 非谓语动词
▲2019 年
全国卷 I
Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area.
Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
全国卷 II
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
全国卷 III
On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
浙江卷
But some students didn’t want 63 (wear) the uniform.
▲2018 年
全国卷 I
You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
全国卷 II
Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
全国卷 III
I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge). Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
浙江卷
I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.　　
▲2017 年
全国卷 I
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.
Fast food is full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
全国卷 II
This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
全国卷 III
But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest).
But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
浙江卷
Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish.
Chapter 3词性转换
▲ 2019 年
2019 全国 I 卷
It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied.
In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing.
2019 全国 II 卷
Her years of hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.
We are so proud of her. It’s 70 (wonder).
2019 全国 III 卷
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists.
2019 浙江
When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 60 (easy) see them.
Other American studies showed no 64 (connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are 65 (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.
2019 北京
Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 10 (meaning) college experience.
▲ 2018 年
2018 全国 I 卷
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy).
2018 全国 II 卷
A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption.
2018 全国 III 卷
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
2018 浙江卷
The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up.
Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.
▲ 2017 年
2017 全国 I 卷
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes.
2017 全国 II 卷
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
2017 全国 III 卷
She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).
I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.

2017 浙江卷
But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine) object.

▲ 2016 年
2016 全国 I 卷
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).
The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
2016 全国 II 卷
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 42 (achieve).
Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47 (regular).
2016 全国 III 卷
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C. influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks.
▲ 2015 年
2015 全国 I 卷
Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
2015 全国 II 卷
In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.
Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 (slow) during cool nights.
As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
Chapter 4 代词、介词、冠词、连词
▲ 2019 年
全国卷 I
Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
全国卷 II
I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.
When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke.
全国卷 III
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact.
浙江卷
Everybody wears 57 same style of clothes.
But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer 61 this question is not clear.
▲ 2018 年
全国卷 I
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming.
If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
全国卷 II
Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.
全国卷 III
Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs.
I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive.
浙江卷
Many westerners who / that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. 　
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.
▲ 2017 年
全国卷 I
This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
全国卷 II
It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work.
This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top.
However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.
全国卷 III
Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as 62 model in New York.
After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.
浙江卷
“She thought I had hurt 59 (I),” says Pahlsson.
For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.
Chapter 5 从句
▲ 2019 年
全国 I 卷
While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
全国 II 卷
Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Maccles field, 62 she opened with her late husband Les.
全国 III 卷
They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.
浙江卷
On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark.
▲ 2018 年
全国 I 卷
Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
全国 II 卷
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
全国 III 卷
I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
浙江卷
Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
▲ 2017 年
全国 I 卷
Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.
全国 III 卷
But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
浙江卷
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.

▲ 2016 年
全国 I 卷
But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
全国 III 卷
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.

▲ 2015 年
全国 I 卷
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
全国 II 卷
As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
Chapter 6 语篇专练
(2021全国甲卷)
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 61 (build) originally to protect the city 62 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 63 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 64 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We 66 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 68 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69 (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70 (day) routines.
61__________________ 62__________________ 63____________________
64__________________ 65__________________ 66____________________
67__________________ 68__________________ 69____________________
70__________________
(2021全国乙卷)
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become
61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___63___(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide 68 (finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
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(2021新高考全国I卷)
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. __61____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____62____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 63 (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____64____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____65____(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____66____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 67 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 68 (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 69 (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 70 must to visit!
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(2021新高考全国II卷)
I've always loved the ocean. In the 61 (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____62____ (think)it is food.
I decided to do something ____63____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____64____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I found the contact information of the company___65____ emailed its president. I told him how ____66____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____67____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____68____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____69____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____70_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
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(2020全国卷I)
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___61___ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___62___ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular ___64___ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so ___65___ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___66___ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it ___67___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___ (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___69___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____70____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
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(2020全国卷II)
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___61___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth ___63___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ___66___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___68___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___69___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are _____70_____ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
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(2020全国卷III)
In ancient China lived an artist___61___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ___62___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would___63___(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with ___64___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___67___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, ___68___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds___69___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ____70____ earth, Mother Nature.
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(2019全国卷I)
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
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(2019全国卷II)
A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 61 （be）Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 64 （declare） she had no plans 65 （retire） from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 （make） over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 （say）she was short-listed，we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70 (wonder）.”
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(2019全国卷III)
On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 （compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 （tradition）stories about Hawaii that were 68 （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
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(2019浙江卷)
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
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(2018·全国I卷)
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
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(2018·全国II卷)
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
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(2018·全国III卷)
I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
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(2017·全国I卷)
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.
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(2017·全国II卷)
　　In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible　61　(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and　62　work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 　63　(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over　64　top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines　65　(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been　66　(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than
25, 000 people were using　67　every day.
Later, engineers　68　(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the　69　(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most　70　(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
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(2017·全国III卷)
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61. 　　　　　(rest). Instead, she is earning￡6, 500 a day as 62. 　　　　　model in New York.
Sarah 63. 　　　　　(tell)that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64. 　　　　　has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65. 　　　　　(prove)that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66. 　　　　　(educate).
She has turned down several 67. 　　　　　(invitation)to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68. 　　　　　engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69. 　 　(come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70. 　　　　　(certain)fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more. ”
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(2017·浙江卷)
Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56. 　　　　　(carrot)and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57. 　　　　　(shine)
object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58. 　　　　　loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 59. 　　　　　(I), ”says Pahlsson.
Sixteen years 60. 　　　　　(early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61. __________(cook)a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband
62. 　　　　　(search)the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again, ”she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got
　　　　　(sweep)into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64. 　　　　　it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65. 　　　　　wonder.
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高三二轮复习语篇填空参考答案
Chapter 1 谓语动词
▲ 2019 年
全国 I 卷
65. have reported 由in recent years可知此处语境表示的是从过去某时一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时。
70. are 根据空白处前面的 are 及空白处后面的 is 和 lack 可知，本句用现在时态，又根据 six，因此此处填 are。
全国 II 卷
64. declared Irene 的领奖发言是过去发生的事，另根据此空白处后面的过去式 had 和下文 Irene said 可知，此处用 declare 的过去式。
66. have made over the years 常与完成式连用，在此意为“（从过去某时到现在的）多年来”。根据主句谓语动词 love 的时态可知，定语从句的谓语动词 make 应用现在完成时。
全国 III 卷
65. recommended 全文是在叙述过去的情况，再根据空白处前面的并列的谓语动词 shared 可知，此处用 recommend 的过去式 recommended。
69. were invited invite和主语we之间是被动关系，故用其被动语态，且全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。
浙江卷
62. improved 根据语境One study in America found that ... 可知讲述的是过去的事情，故用动词improve的过去式。
▲ 2018 年
全国 I 卷
64. is 本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的can’t make和says可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，因此用is。
全国 II 卷
61. has grown 由 Since 2011“自 2011 年以来”可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时，且主语 the country 是单数名词，故填 has grown。
68. started 根据上下文可知作者在说 2005 年发生的事情，应用动词的过去式。
全国 III 卷
69. meant 全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此谓语动词用过去式。
浙江卷
60. was shocked shock 和主语 I 之间是被动关系，故用其被动语态。
61. have become 由in recent years可知此处用不定式的完成式表示这一现象从过去某时一直持续到现在，还可能持续下去。
▲ 2017 年
全国 I 卷
64. are removed 文章描述的是客观事实，且主语fat and salt 与谓语动词 remove 为被动关系，因此此处应填are removed。
67. is 根据上下文可知，“快餐富含脂肪和盐”是客观事实，且主语fast food 是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
全国 II 卷
65. were used 根据语境“蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢”。文章叙述的是过去的事，且主语steam engines 与 use 为被动关系。
68. managed 根据上下文可知作者在描述过去的事情，应用动词的过去式。
全国 III 卷
es 根据空前的 at the moment 及空后的 don’t 可知本句应用一般现在时，又因为主语是 school，因此谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
浙江卷
62. searched 本段描述的是过去的事情，因此用过去式。
Chapter 2 非谓语动词
▲2019 年全国卷 I64. to perform 该句为 “be + 形容词 + 不定式” 结构，主语 methods 与谓语动词 perform 为被动关系，但需用不定式的主动式作状语。67. noting 介词后用 note 的动词 -ing 形式 noting 作宾语。
全国卷 II61. being 介词后用动词 -ing 形式作宾语。65. to retire 名词 plan 后接不定式作后置定语。68. saying 名词 call 与 say 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。全国卷 III62. to get 分析句子结构可知，it takes + 时间 + to do sth 中，it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。70. listening 主语 we 与 listen 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。
浙江卷63. to wear want 后通常接不定式 to do sth。
▲2018 年全国卷 I62. to see 根据句意 “要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”, to see 作目的状语。63. dying 介词后用 die 的动名词形式 dying。
全国卷 II64. to improve 根据语境 “改善水质” 是 “政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的，动词不定式作目的状语。70. feeding when / while + 现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于when / while 引导的时间状语从句。
全国卷 III64. looking avoid 后接动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth 意为 “避免做某事”。 65. challenged 主语 he 与 challenge（对……挑战）之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。70. to stay allow sb to do sth是固定结构，意为 “允许某人做某事”，因此应填 to stay。
浙江卷59. visiting remember doing sth 意为 “记得做过某事”。
▲2017 年全国卷 I63. to process 根据语境“需要它们（脂肪和盐）来处理食物” 和关键词required 可知，此处应填 to process。68. eating “by+动名词”作方式状语。此处意为 “吃大量的快餐，人们将摄入超过他们饮食所需的盐和油脂”。
全国卷 II63. laying 63 (lay) the track 和上文的 digging up the road 及下文的 building a strong roof ... 是并列结构，因此用 laying。
全国卷 III61. resting spend+ 一段时间 + doing sth 是固定结构, 故填 resting。65. to prove want 后通常接不定式 to do sth。
浙江卷61. to cook 由语境“Pahlsson 摘掉戒指去做饭”可知，不定式短语作状语，表目的。63. swept 句子主语 ring 与 sweep 之间为被动关系， 因此用过去分词形式。
Chapter 3 词性转换
答案▲ 2019 年2019 全国 I 卷62. poorly 66. belief2019 全国 II 卷63. finally 70. wonderful2019 全国 III 卷
petition 67. traditional 68. hugely2019 浙江60. easily 64. connection / connections 65. traditional2019 北京10. meaningful
▲ 2018 年2018 全国 I 卷68. strengthen 69. energetic2018 全国 II 卷63. actually 66. pollution 67. global2018 全国 III 卷66. scientist2018 浙江卷62. affordable 64. weight
▲ 2017 年2017 全国 I 卷69. careful2017 全国 II 卷66. fairly 69. introduction 70. successful2017 全国 III 卷66. education 70. certainly2017 浙江卷57. shiny / shining
▲ 2016 年2016 全国 I 卷61. attraction 63. officially 2016 全国 II 卷42. achievement 47. regularly 2016 全国 III 卷46. gradually 48. development
▲ 2015 年
2015 全国 I 卷69. regularly2015 全国 II 卷63. ability 65. slowly 69. natural
Chapter4代词、介词、冠词、连词
▲ 2019 年
全国卷 I
63. of / for method of / for 是固定搭配，意为“……的方法”。
69. the 此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群，因此用定冠词the。
全国卷 II
67. but not … but … 意为“不是……而是……”。
69. the 此处特指19种被辨认出的北极熊亚种群，因此用定冠词the。
全国卷 II
67. but not … but … 意为“不是……而是……”。69. a 此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。
全国卷 III
63. of a pack of ... 是固定搭配，意为“一群……”。
浙江卷57. the 此处与 same 构成固定搭配。61. to answer 后接介词 to，意为“……的答案”。
▲ 2018 年全国卷 I
65. than 这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比，再由上文的 more effective可知，此处用 than。70. it / running give it / sth a try 是固定短语，意为“尝试某事物”。
全国卷II
62. the 此处特指过去的25年。65. than less 是 little 的比较级，than 引出比较对象。
全国卷III
62. the at the top of one’s lungs 是固定短语，意为“用尽量大的声音”，因此填定冠词the。67. for 此处意为“我当时正在搜寻西部低地的这三只大猩猩”。search for 意
为“搜寻”。68. them 人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。them 在此作find的宾语。
浙江卷
58. it 分析句子结构可知，该宾语从句中要用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式 to eat out。65. for go to some place for dinner 去某个地方吃饭。介词 for 在此表示目的。
▲ 2017 年
全国卷 I
61. as 介词 as 在此处意为“作为；当作”。 65. a as a result (of …) 为常用搭配，意为“（作为……的）结果”。
全国卷 II
62. from to and from … 可意为“往返于……”。64. the 此处特指前面提到的事物，故用定冠词the。67. it 此处 it 代指 the railway。
全国卷 III
62. a 此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。68. in degree in +某学科，表示某学科的学位。
浙江卷
59. myself 此处表示伤到自己，故用 myself。65. a 此处表泛指，故用不定冠词a。
Chapter 5 从句
▲ 2019 年
全国 I 卷
61. that 此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that，说明evidence的具体内容，“证据表明……”。
全国 II 卷
62. which which引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词the pet shop，which在从句中作opened的宾语。
全国 III 卷
64. who / that此处用who或that引导定语从句修饰先行词masters。
浙江卷
58. that / which 根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少引导定语从句的关系代词。先行词是a piece of cloth，为物，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用that或者which。
▲ 2018 年
全国 I 卷
66. that / which此处用that / which引导定语从句修饰先行词study。
全国 II 卷
69. that / which 根据语境“… gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers”修饰 “a soil-testing program”，先行词表示物，关系代词作定语从句的主语，用that或者which。
全国 III 卷
61. which【名词性从句 / 连接词】根据下文的“me or the female gorilla”可知，此处给出两个选择，句意为：我不确定哪一个感到更害怕。故填连接代词which。
浙江卷
57. who / that 此处缺引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语的关系代词，故用who或that。
▲ 2017 年
全国 I 卷
70. which【定语从句连接词】结合上下文，此处意为“可能二者吃的太多，对我们的健康不利”，且 ...is not good for the health缺少主语，因此应填关系代词which，指代上文提到的内容。
全国 III 卷
64. who【定语从句连接词】分析句子结构可知，主语为Sarah,谓语部分为wants…。“ 64 has taken part in shows along with top models,”作定语修饰先行词Sarah，且指代先行词的关系代词在从句中作主语，因此填who。
浙江卷
64. where【定语从句连接词】分析句子结构可知， 64 it remained … 作定语修饰先行词garden，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此用where。
▲ 2016 年
全国 I 卷
65. when 此处说当时作者作为第一个西方电视记者被允许拍摄一部专题片，报道对在野外险些饿死的大熊猫的救治和看护。考生需要填入一个引导非限制性定语从句的连接副词，先行词是表示时间的短语，故填when。
全国 III 卷
67. who 空格所修饰部分的中心词为Confucius (孔子)，表示人，且被逗号隔开，因此要填引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词who。
▲ 2015 年
全国 I 卷
64. which / that (… 64 are pictured by artists…)为定语从句，引导定语从句且表示物的连接词为which / that。
全国 II 卷
how 句子中figured out后接一个宾语从句，需要一个引导词，一是修饰thick，二是引导后面的从句，唯有how能担此任。
Chapter 6 语篇专练
参考答案：
2021全国甲卷
61．was built 62．in/during 63．to walk 64．Spending 65．better
66．hired 67．but 68．the 69．watchtowers 70．daily
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。
61．考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。
62．考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”可用介词in/during。故填in/during。
63．考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。
64．考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
65．考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。
66．考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
67．考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。
68．考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
69．考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。
70．考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。
2021全国乙卷
61．educated 62．development 63．its 64．until 65．the
66．of 67．visiting 68．financial 69．activities 70．to have
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。
考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
62. 考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
63. 考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。
64. 考查固定句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。
65. 考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
66. 考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。
67. 考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
68. 考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
69. 考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填Activities。
70. 考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
2021新高考全国I卷
61．What 62．humans 63．undoubtedly 64．hotter 65．astonished
66．was 67．and 68．aching 69．mine 70．a
【解析】
本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海，温泉以及台阶。
61．考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。
62．考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。
63．考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。
64．考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。
65．考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。
66．考查一般过去时。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。
67．考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，故用并列连词and。
68．考查形容词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。
69．考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。
70．考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
2021新高考全国II卷
61．seventh 62．thinking 63．to educate 64．which / that 65．and
66．harmful 67．excited 68．was 69．representative 70．from
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
61．考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，(think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构,　 (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。
64．考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构，used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。
65．考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。
66．考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how