2022年中考英语专项复习非谓语动词课件(共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
中考专项
非谓语动词
考向导航
非谓语动词在中考中的考查形式以单项选择和完形填空为主，语法填空偶尔涉及。
动词不定式和动名词的考查较多，其中对动词不定式的考查主要体现在不定式作目的状语和宾语，以及make.let等词后省略to 的不定式用法
动名词的考查主要集中在固定搭配和介词后接动名词的用法。
过去分词/现在分词在中考中属于冷考点，考查较少。
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2
3
4
动词不定式
(to)+动词原形
动名词
v-ing
现在分词
v-ing
过去分词
v-ed (规则变化）
知识清单
考点一、不定式
句法功能 说明 例句
主语 作主语的不定式，常用it 作形式主语，把不定式后置 It is not easy for me to learn English well.
宾语 要注意一些表示命令、打算或希望的动词，只能用不定式作宾语。 They decided to give up taking the exam.
宾补 不定式作宾补时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系；一些使役动词和感官动词后的不定式要省略to The boss made them work the whole night.
定语 高频考点：复合不定代词+不定式，要注意不定式要后置 Have you got anything to say There is nothing to worry about.
状语 主要考查作目的状语表示目的 Every morning he gets up early to do exercise.
考点一、不定式
高频考点
(1)It+be+adj.+of+sb.+to do sth.
某人能做某事真是太……了
此类形容词通常是表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如:good，kind，nice，wise，clever, foolish，right，wrong,careful,careless 等。
如:
It’s very wise of you to do it ahead of time.
考点一、不定式
高频考点
(2)It+be+adj.+for+sb.+to do sth.
对某人来说做某事真是太……了。
此类形容词通常是表示客观情况的形容词。如:easy，hard，difficult，important, necessary，impossible，interesting等。
如:
It’s necessary for us to take a map when traveling.
考点一、不定式
高频考点
(3)too..to 结构与 enough to 结构
too...to 太……而不能
enough to 足够……以至于能……
如:
The water is too hot to drink.
考点一、不定式
高频考点
(4)主语+think/find+it+adj.+to do sth.
某人认为/发现做某事……
如:
I think it easy to finish the article in three hours.
考点一、不定式
高频考点
(5)prefer to do...rather than do...
宁愿做……而不愿做……
如:
I prefer to do work rather than do nothing at home.
考点一、不定式
高频考点
(6)had better(+not)+省略 to的不定式。
You'd better hand in the report to Mr. Li tomorrow.
(7)Why not +省略to 的不定式。
Why not take a walk after dinner
考点一、不定式
常见的不定式作宾语的动词：
want/would like/wish/hope/decide /manage /agree/expect /prefer /afford /refuse/learn /plan /continue /promise /used to do sth.
考点一、不定式
★常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词:(v.+sb.to do sth.)
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事
teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事
考点一、不定式
★常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词:(v.+sb.to do sth.)
force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事
expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事
advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
persuade sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事
wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事
want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
经典考题
1.（2021海南省中考）— I have less homework than before!
— Me too. Now, we have enough time ________ sports.
A. do B. doing C. to do
【答案】C
经典考题
2.（2021吉林长春中考）________ myself, I will take up a hobby like painting this summer.
A. Improve B. Improving
C. To improve D. Improved
【答案】C
经典考题
3.（2021江苏南京中考）I would be interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve, because it allows people ________ closer to them.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
【答案】B
经典考题
4.（2021江苏苏州中考） The policeman told the children ________ in the river. It’s too dangerous!
A. to not swim B. not to swim
C. not swim D. not swimming
【答案】B
经典考题
5.（2021云南中考）The earth is in great danger now. We have to do something ________ it.
A. protect B. protecting
C. to protect D. protected
【答案】C
考点二、动名词
一般式： v-ing
形式同现在分词形式
动名词的用法
1.作主语的用法：
1）动名词作主语往往表示经常性、
习惯性的动作。
2）动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Seeing is believing.
2. 动名词作宾语的用法
1)有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如:
feel like(想要), mind（介意）, suggest（建议）,
enjoy（喜欢）, avoid（避免）, finish（完成）,
keep（坚持）, miss（错过）, practice（练习）
+v-ing
2)动名词作介词宾语
look forward to +v-ing （渴望，盼望）
without +v-ing (没有…）
be against +v-ing （反对，抗议）
prevent/keep/stop…from +v-ing （防止，阻止）
thank…for +v-ing （因……而感谢…）
be interested in +v-ing （对……感兴趣）
give up +v-ing （放弃做某事）
be afraid of +v-ing (害怕做某事）
注意：
（1）有些动词后面，如forget, remember, stop, try, mean, regret、go on等，既可跟动名词也可跟不定式作宾语，但是意义不一样。
forget
regret
remember
to do
doing
未发生的动作
已经发生的动作
go on doing...
go on to do ...
stop doing...
stop to do ...
继续做同一件事情
继续做另一件事情
停止做某事
停下来做另一件事
try doing ...
try to do ...
试着做某事
尽力做某事
He forgot paying for the book.
他忘了曾经付了买书的钱。(他付过钱了)
He forgot to pay for the book.
他忘了去付买书的钱。(他没有付过钱)
Stop talking.(停止说话)
I stopped to talk with Tom.
（停下正在做的事开始和Tom说话）
在allow, advise直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise＋名词／代词＋不定式形式。
即： allow/advise doing sth.
allow/advise sb. to do sth.
We don't allow smoking here．
We don’t allow anybody to smoke here．
3.动名词作定语。
动名词作定语时一般前置，与所修饰的名词间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，表用途。
reading room 阅览室
swimming pool 游泳池
dining car 餐车　　　　　
singing competition 歌咏比赛　　
waiting room　候车室
注：动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别:
a walking stick
a swimming pool
a sleeping car
区别
the walking man
the swimming girl
the sleeping boy
动名词修饰名词表示名词的功能
现在分词修饰名词表示该名词所处的状态
经典考题
1.（2021湖北十堰中考） The film Hi, Mom（《你好, 李焕英》）is moving, and I think it is well worth __________.
A. see B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see
【答案】C
经典考题
2.（2021江苏苏州中考） During our holidays we should avoid ________ up at night and oversleeping in the morning.
A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying
【答案】D
经典考题
3.（2021辽宁营口中考）The lecture（讲座）is worth ________. Please tell John ________ late.
A. attend; not be B. to attend; to be
C. attended; to being D. attending; not to be
【答案】D
经典考题
4.（2021山东临沂中考）Remember to use sunglasses to stop the sun from ________ directly in your eyes.
A. shine B. shining C. to shine
【答案】B
经典考题
5.（2021上海中考） Michael and his friends practise ________ table tennis after school every day.
A. play B. played C. playing D. to play
【答案】C
经典考题
6.（2021四川泸州中考）A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have trouble ________ proper living place. We should help them.
A. find B. found C. to find D. finding
【答案】D
考点三、过去分词（了解）
区分：
现在分词表示正在进行
过去分词表示已完成
boiling water 正在沸腾的水
boiled water 沸水，开水
developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家