Unit 8 Discoveries Getting Ready and Lesson 22　Famous Discoveries(第二课时)同步课时练习（word版，含答案）

Getting Ready and Lesson 22　Famous Discoveries
(第二课时)
Ⅰ.英汉互译
1．broken bones____________
2．stay clam ____________
3．treat more diseases ____________
4．be used to do sth ____________
5．被授予…… ____________
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
6．We ________ (go) to the park if it ________ (not rain) next Sunday.
7．He ________(write) a letter to his grandparents if he ________(get) his report card this week.
8．We need to do this work with ________(little) money and fewer people than before.
9．Be________(carefully)! She is filling the cup with hot tea.
10．This book was written________(century) ago.
11．This problem seems much ________(difficult) than that one.
Ⅲ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
be careful about　influence　health　be able to
because of　pass on　a great deal of
12．The kid________________ walk when he was ten months old.
13．—Who has ________________ you most
—My father.
14．Please________________ the message to your classmates.
15．We should eat less meat and more vegetables to keep ________________．
16．She spends________________ money on clothes every year.
17．Mara ________________ what she ate.
18．Jack is late for work again ________________ the traffic jam.
Ⅳ.单项填空
(　　)19.If there is time, I'll do my homework________better.
A．more B．less
C．much D．little
(　　)20.—Peter, do you know if David________ us in the fashion show this Sunday
—I'm sure if he ________ his homework，he will join us.
A．joins; finishes
B．will join; finishes
C．joins; will finish
D．will join; will finish
(　　)21.If you can't________English, you can________ it in Chinese.
A．speak; speak B．talk; say
C．speak; say D．say; tell
(　　)22.If I ________ to Paris，I ________ much money on shopping.
A．go; spend
B．go; will spend
C．will go; spend
D．will go; will spend
(　　)23.If you ________ hard in school, you ________ the final exam.
A．don't work; fail
B．didn't work; fail
C．didn't work; will fail
D．don't work; will fail
Ⅴ.阅读理解
The human body is a machine that can raise lots of interesting questions. Why, for example, are yawns(呵欠) contagious(传染的)？What's up with ice cream headaches Here are answers to these and other questions about our bodies.
Why do I get a headache when I eat ice cream too quickly
Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super cold foods too quickly, though some believe it's the result of changed blood flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an ice cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.
What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I'm hungry
Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you're hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when you're hungry. Think of your digestive tract(消化道) as a really long tube lined with smooth muscle tissue. These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract.________. It can make you feel embarrassed(尴尬的) but is nothing to worry about.
Why do I blush when I'm embarrassed
When you're embarrassed, your brain releases a shot of adrenaline(肾上腺素), which makes your heart race and blood vessels become larger in size. All this happens to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body in a fight or flight reaction(对抗反应)．There are a lot of tiny blood vessels in your face, which turn noticeably redder from this sudden rush of blood. As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out.
Why are yawns contagious
Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back It's a common thing, but researchers don't have a good explanation for it. They do, however, know this happens only with humans and chimpanzees. A bigger question puzzling scientists is why we yawn at all. It used to be thought that yawning showed that oxygen to the brain was not enough, but that's just a myth. A growing body of research now shows that yawning is nature's way of keeping our brains cool.
(　　)24.What is the meaning of the underlined word “tighten”？
A．变松
B．变紧
C．变短
D．变长
(　　)25.Which of the following sentences can be filled in the blank
A．And that's what you're hearing when your stomach makes noise.
B．And that's why you're so hungry when your stomach is empty.
C．And that's what makes you feel uncomfortable when you're full.
D．And that's how it makes a difference to your digestive tract.
(　　)26.Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．There is no way for you to improve an ice cream headache.
B．Researchers have found out the actual function of blushing.
C．Your stomach makes noise only when you are hungry.
D．Researchers don't have a good explanation for why yawns are contagious.
(　　)27.What is the best title of the passage
A．Some Interesting Facts
B．Our Strange Body
C．Some Useful Discoveries
D．Our Amazing Feelings
Ⅵ.2019·盘锦阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题
What foods are successful Hamburgers and pizzas are popular. But instant noodles(方便面) have also become a world success. Now instant noodles are celebrating their 61st birthday!
Instant noodles were invented by a Japanese named Momofuku Ando. To find a way to make noodles last longer, Ando began experimenting(实验) in 1955 and three years later, he made the first bag of instant noodles. Now, 61 years on, they're eaten all over the world. In fact, they're so popular that Japanese consider instant noodles as their best invention!
Each year, 95 billion packets of instant noodles are eaten around the world. In the UK, people call instant noodles “pot noodles”. University students like them a lot. During the first term at college, you may be given a gift bag that includes instant noodles. Instant noodles are cheap and easy to eat. But watch out! People may think you are lazy if you are an instant noodle lover.
The UN often sends instant noodles as part of its food aid. This is because of their long life and high fat, which makes people feel full for longer time.
However, instant noodles aren't totally innocent (无辜的). They are high in fat and salt. Health experts say they are bad for us and we shouldn't eat them too often.
28．How many years did Ando spend inventing instant noodles
________________________________________________________________________
29．What are instant noodles called in England
________________________________________________________________________
30．Why do people think instant noodle lovers are lazy
________________________________________________________________________
31．Are instant noodles high in fat and salt
________________________________________________________________________
32．What do you think of instant noodles
________________________________________________________________________
答案
Ⅰ.1.骨折　2.保持镇静 　3.治疗更多的疾病
4．被用来做某事　5.be awarded…
Ⅱ.6.will go, doesn't rain
7．will write, gets　8.less
9．careful　10.centuries
11．more difficult
Ⅲ.12.was able to　13.influenced
14．pass on　15.healthy
16．a great deal of　17.was careful about
18．because of
Ⅳ.19—23　CBCBD
Ⅴ.[主旨大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们的身体器官的一些奇怪现象，并对这些现象作出了一些科学的解释。
24．B　词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子“Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat…”可知，头部的血管收紧，以阻止身体热量的流失，由此可知tighten意为“变紧”，
25．A　根据空格处后面的句子“It can make you feel embarrassed but is nothing to worry about.”可知，肚子发出的响声让人感到尴尬，
26．D　根据短文最后一段中“It's a common thing, but researchers don't have a good explanation for it.”可知，研究人员没有对打哈欠会传染作出一个好的解释，故D项表述是正确的。
27．B　本文主要讲述了关于我们身体的器官有一些奇怪的问题，并对这些问题给出了一些科学的解释，故B项能概括文章大意。
Ⅵ.[主旨大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了方便面的起源及其发展，并告诫人们方便面高盐高脂肪，不能频繁食用。
28．3./3 years./Three./Three years./He spent 3 years inventing them/instant noodles.
29．Pot noodles./People call instant noodles(them) “pot noodles”．/They are called “pot noodles”．
30．Because (they think) instant noodles/they are (cheap and) easy to eat./Because (they think) instant noodles/they are (cheap and) easy to cook./Because they can cook/eat instant noodles easily.
31．Yes(, they are)．
32．I think they are/They are junk food/convenient/delicious/good/bad…
Junk food/Convenient/Delicious/Good/Bad…
They are bad for us and we shouldn't eat them too often.