2022届高考英语二轮复习：虚拟语气课件（26张ppt）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：虚拟语气课件（26张ppt） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-05-01 18:27:44 | ||
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(共26张PPT)
2022年高考英语语法知识复习之虚拟语气
by Nancy
虚拟语气
1. 定义：
虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
2. 虚拟语气的种类
Ⅰ 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”
eg,
What would you do if you were me
(2)表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could＋have＋过去分词”
eg,
If I had followed his advice, I would have succeeded in the research.
(3)表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should/were to＋动词原形”，而主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。
eg,
If I were to London, I wouldn’t visit my parents’ often.
(4)错综复杂时间：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
eg,
We couldn’t finish the task now if you hadn’t helped us.
注意：
(1) 若if引导的条件状语从句中有had/should/were时，那么if可省略，将had/should/were提到句首即可。
eg,
Had I taken his advice, I would be in a university now.
（2）情态动词+have done的意义
could have done 意为___________
should have done 意为___________
shouldn’t have done 意为___________
needn’t have done 意为___________
本可以
本应该
本不应该
本不需要
He could have lent you a hand. He was not busy anyway.
You should have handed in your work yesterday. It was the due day.
You shouldn’t have made fun of him in front of the whole class.
It was only a three-minute walk. You needn’t have taken the taxi.
Ⅱ. 虚拟语气用于名词性从句
(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
①“wish＋宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”或“could/should＋have＋过去分词”。
eg,
I wish I could be your assitant now.
I wish I hadn’t done such a silly thing before.
I wish I would have a chance to go abroad.
②在表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
常见的动词有：suggest，advise，propose，demand，require，insist，request，command，order等。
eg,
The man suggested that the boy (should)accept the offer.
(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
表示建议、要求、命令等的名词，如advice，idea，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，request等，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。
eg,
The suggestion that we (should) add some workers is accepted.
(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should＋)动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。
eg,
It is necessary that the students(should) clean the room every day.
Ⅲ. 虚拟语气的特殊结构
(1)虚拟语气在as if/as though，even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。
eg,
He talked as if he had been to Mars.
(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。
这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that)．..”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或“should＋动词原形”，意为“(现在)该……”
eg,
It is high time that I picked/should pick up my son.
(3)虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。
eg,
If only I had such a delicate job!
(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。
①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
②用于一些习惯表达法中。
Would you like something to drink
1. 虚拟语气与语法填空
2. 书面表达中情态动词与虚拟语气
考点
连词练习题
1. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
2． It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.
A．did I know B．have I known
C．do I know D．had I known
3. _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A．It were B．Were it C．It was D．Was it
4． There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．have had
5. Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.
A．had not fallen B．would not fall C．did not fall D．would not have fallen
6．Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.
A．studied B．had studied C．would study D．might have studied
7. If it_________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A．had not been B．should not be
C．were not to be D．should not have been
8．I think that conflict is unlikely to happen, but if it _____, the interests of both sides would be severely damaged.
A．would occur B．had occurred C．were to occur D．occurs
（二）用动词的适当形式填空
1. Sorry，I am too busy now.If I (have) time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.
2.Jack is a great talker.It’s high time that he (do) something instead of just talking.
3. We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we would (visit) more places of interest yesterday.
4. Don’t handle the vase as if it (make) of steel.
had
should do/did
have visited
were made
（二）用连词填空
5. Without a good wife, I ________________________ ( not have) such a good life.
6. I would rather I ___________ (not tell) him the truth. He is very upset now.
7. I wish I __________(be) not here. Look how ridiculous they are!
8. If we (book)a table earlier，we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.
couldn’t have
hadn’t told
were
had booked
谢谢大家！
2022年高考英语语法知识复习之虚拟语气
by Nancy
虚拟语气
1. 定义：
虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
2. 虚拟语气的种类
Ⅰ 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”
eg,
What would you do if you were me
(2)表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could＋have＋过去分词”
eg,
If I had followed his advice, I would have succeeded in the research.
(3)表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should/were to＋动词原形”，而主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。
eg,
If I were to London, I wouldn’t visit my parents’ often.
(4)错综复杂时间：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
eg,
We couldn’t finish the task now if you hadn’t helped us.
注意：
(1) 若if引导的条件状语从句中有had/should/were时，那么if可省略，将had/should/were提到句首即可。
eg,
Had I taken his advice, I would be in a university now.
（2）情态动词+have done的意义
could have done 意为___________
should have done 意为___________
shouldn’t have done 意为___________
needn’t have done 意为___________
本可以
本应该
本不应该
本不需要
He could have lent you a hand. He was not busy anyway.
You should have handed in your work yesterday. It was the due day.
You shouldn’t have made fun of him in front of the whole class.
It was only a three-minute walk. You needn’t have taken the taxi.
Ⅱ. 虚拟语气用于名词性从句
(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
①“wish＋宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”或“could/should＋have＋过去分词”。
eg,
I wish I could be your assitant now.
I wish I hadn’t done such a silly thing before.
I wish I would have a chance to go abroad.
②在表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
常见的动词有：suggest，advise，propose，demand，require，insist，request，command，order等。
eg,
The man suggested that the boy (should)accept the offer.
(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
表示建议、要求、命令等的名词，如advice，idea，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，request等，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。
eg,
The suggestion that we (should) add some workers is accepted.
(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should＋)动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。
eg,
It is necessary that the students(should) clean the room every day.
Ⅲ. 虚拟语气的特殊结构
(1)虚拟语气在as if/as though，even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。
eg,
He talked as if he had been to Mars.
(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。
这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that)．..”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或“should＋动词原形”，意为“(现在)该……”
eg,
It is high time that I picked/should pick up my son.
(3)虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。
eg,
If only I had such a delicate job!
(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。
①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.
②用于一些习惯表达法中。
Would you like something to drink
1. 虚拟语气与语法填空
2. 书面表达中情态动词与虚拟语气
考点
连词练习题
1. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
2． It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.
A．did I know B．have I known
C．do I know D．had I known
3. _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A．It were B．Were it C．It was D．Was it
4． There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．have had
5. Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.
A．had not fallen B．would not fall C．did not fall D．would not have fallen
6．Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.
A．studied B．had studied C．would study D．might have studied
7. If it_________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A．had not been B．should not be
C．were not to be D．should not have been
8．I think that conflict is unlikely to happen, but if it _____, the interests of both sides would be severely damaged.
A．would occur B．had occurred C．were to occur D．occurs
（二）用动词的适当形式填空
1. Sorry，I am too busy now.If I (have) time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.
2.Jack is a great talker.It’s high time that he (do) something instead of just talking.
3. We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we would (visit) more places of interest yesterday.
4. Don’t handle the vase as if it (make) of steel.
had
should do/did
have visited
were made
（二）用连词填空
5. Without a good wife, I ________________________ ( not have) such a good life.
6. I would rather I ___________ (not tell) him the truth. He is very upset now.
7. I wish I __________(be) not here. Look how ridiculous they are!
8. If we (book)a table earlier，we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.
couldn’t have
hadn’t told
were
had booked
谢谢大家！