人教版（2019） 必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 单元检测卷

人教版（2019） 必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 单元检测卷
根据汉语提示写出正确的单词（每小题0.5分，共5分）
It has passed through an interesting _______ (程序) of evolution.
Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and ______(精神的) health.
The stone rolled down the mountain by _______ (重力).
The red traffic light indicates that every person and _______(车辆) must stop.
Something must have gone wrong with the _______ (卫星) link.
6. There is a great shortage of _______(资源) materials in many hospitals.
7. This _______ (设备) is open to both new and existing borrowers.
8.Officials had not been allowed to _______ (监控) the voting.
9. It’s impossible to say who struck the _______ (致命的) blow.
10. We _______ (回收) all our empty glass bottles.
用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题0.5分，共5分）
1. Too bad he used his _______(intelligent) for criminal purposes.
2. The parents were __________(determine) that the two girls should be fully self-supporting.
3.There were benefits to being a single __________(independence) woman.
4. They may only have a __________ (limit) amount of time to achieve their goal.
5. _________ (globe) warming is a real problem.
6.There is a strong __________ (argue) for lowering the price.
7.I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise ______ (regular).
8.The whole thing seems very _______ (mystery).
9.He made a very thorough __________ (analyse) on the situation.
10.This is the first time she has experienced __________ (disappointed).
选择合适的短语, 并用其正确形式完成句子（每小题1分，共5分）
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)
1. Write home as often as possible __________ relieve your mother from anxiety.
2.The breakdown of law and order could ___________ killing on a massive scale.
3. Her bravery has given him the will to ___________ with his life and his work.
4. ___________ , I want to thank all our sponsors and supporters.
5. I can’t __________ what’s on her mind.
阅读理解 （每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Make Space in Your Summer for Free Fun
You don’t have to go to the moon to meet an astronaut: You can do it at the Air and Space Museum on July 16.
Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight around the globe in 1937. But she’ll be at the National Air and Space Museum on July 16 — the museum’s first Family Day of the season — to tell you all about her adventures. (Okay, it’s actually an actress pretending to be Earhart.) NASA astronaut Patrick Forrester will be there to answer your questions, e learn how space exploration changed the world.
Another Family Day event takes place on July 25. At “Discover the Moon Day!” you can steer(驾驶) a robotic rover (a vehicle for exploring the surface of a planet), examine meteorites (陨石) that were found on the moon, see the capsule(太空舱) that took the Apollo 11 astronauts there and back and view photos of the lunar surface using 3 D glasses.
You can create lunar art and take a moon quiz. We’ll give you one example: July 20,1969 — 46 years ago this month. Do you know what happened that day
National Air and Space Museum
Independence Avenue at Sixth Street SW
Open daily 10 am to 7:30 pm through September 1 (with a few early closings at 5:30 pm；visit our website for details)．
Family Day programmes are from 10 am to 3 pm.
Information specialists are available Monday through Friday from 9 am to 5 pm and Saturday from 9 am to 4 pm.All ages, but best for age 7 and older.
For more information, call 202 633 2214 or go to www.airandspace.si.edu.
1. What can museum visitors do on July 16
A. Create lunar art.
B. Step into an unusual capsule.
C. See a movie about Earhart’s adventures.
D. Learn about a missing woman pilot’s life.
2. What do we know about “Discover the Moon Day!”？
A. It includes a moon quiz competition.
B. It’s the first Family Day at the museum.
C. It features a famous astronaut's explanations.
D. It gives people first hand experience of space.
3. What’s the closing time for the Family Day programmes
A. 3 pm.　　　　　　B. 4 pm.
B. 5:30 pm. D. 7:30 pm.
B
Here’s a list of some interesting facts about stars；some you might already know，and few that are going to be new.
The sun is the closest star to the earth. The sun is about 150 million kilometres away. Our sun，like most other stars，gives off power and light by nuclear fusion(核聚变)，which happens exactly where it’s the hottest. The sun is about 4.5 billion years old and it will still last six billion years or so. When it runs out of its fuel(燃料)，it would develop into a red star when increasing in size.
Since stars are billions of light years away, it may be hard to recognize that stars are in continuous battles with themselves. All the stars have their own gravitational pull(引力) that pulls them. The surprising part is that the nuclear fusion occurring inside the star truly produces an outward(向外的) push to resist(抵抗) the gravitational force, which keeps its present shape.
Stars have different colours. The hottest stars are surprisingly the smallest ones and are blue in colour. Their temperatures go to about 12,000 Kelvin. Although the yellow coloured stars are the middle sized ones just like the sun, their temperatures fall to about 6,000 Kelvin. And lastly, the coolest and greatest ones are coloured red and the temperatures of them are about 3,000 Kelvin.
When looking at the night sky, we may think that stars are up there alone. But don’t be surprised that these heavenly bodies in fact come in pairs. And stars can even come in groups of 3 or even 4!
4. What will happen when the sun runs out of its fuel
A. It will disappear slowly.
B. It will last six billion years.
C. It will become a white star.
D. It will become larger in size.
5. What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A. All stars are in a state of balance.
B. It's hard for the stars to keep their shapes.
C. The stars have the same gravitational pull.
D. The stars always stay in peace with one another.
6. What do we know about the colour of the star
A. It is blue when it is very cold.
B. It looks red when it is far away.
C. It seems yellow when it is over 3,000 Kelvin.
D. It has something to do with its size and temperature
7. How do all the stars appear in space in reality
A. They appear only in pairs.
B. They appear without rules.
C. They stay alone here and there.
D. They appear in small groups or in pairs.
C
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆)．
Now Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. The different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what comet would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Halley’s comet, in his honor.
8. Halley made his discovery ________.
A. by doing experiments
B. by means of his own careful observation
C. by using the work of other scientists
D. by chance
9. Halley made a surprising，but correct prediction in the year ________.
A. 1704 B. 1705 C. 1706 D. 1707
10. This passage in general is about ________.
A. Halley and other scientists
B. the orbit of a comet
C. Newton and Halley
D. Halley and his discovery
11. What can we infer from the text
A. Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
B. Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C. Newton was a famous mathematician.
D.The orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.
D
Two new studies suggest that modem running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot.
Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.
The study appeared in the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.
The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.
12. What can we learn from the passage
A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.
B. We should start running barefoot in no time.
C. Running in modem running shoes could have more serious effects than running in high heels.
D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.
13. How many organizations are involved in the two studies
A. Three. B. Four.
C. Five. D. Six.
14. How did the researchers do the two studies
A. By practising. B. By comparing.
C. By questioning. D. By reasoning.
15. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Walking in high heels could have fewer serious effects than running barefoot.
B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.
C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.
D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.
五、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to improve long--term memory
There are some things that are easy for us to remember and you notice that you can still recall (回想) that information even when you no longer need it. Sometimes it is difficult to remember information. 　1　Try the following steps below to remember information you want to keep in your long-term memory.
Organize information into groups. 　2　It is like a supermarket; things of the same kind are put in the same place.
Connect related(相关的) information.　3　 This is an excellent way for you to keep information in mind as it can make your memory function better when the related information is needed.
　4　 When you need to remember a piece of information, try relating it to a picture that is easily remembered. This is how many people remember positions. They can simply recall that the store is near the bridge.
Repeat. The more you are exposed to something, the easier it is to remember at a later time. 　5　Try using his name at least three times when you first talk to someone. That name will be easier to remember later.
A. Develop pictures in your mind.
B. Deal with information effectively.
C. But there are ways to make it easier.
D. This is especially good for meeting new people.
E. Relate what you have already known to what you will remember.
F. Write down the information in order, read it and say it aloud at once..
G. This will help you remember things better and longer if they are grouped.
六、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Four months into her pregnancy(孕期), my mother learned that my brother would be born with Down syndrome(唐氏综合症). Never having dealt with anyone with the disease, the entire family began to 　1　. Would he learn to walk and talk 　2　 like the other kids Would he be liked by others Would he have some 　3　 All these thoughts and every detail 　4　 us, though we knew we would 　5　 him exactly the way he is.
Thankfully, after birth, Lipe was 　6　 than we expected, with no heart problems in general connected with Down syndrome. He is the most 　7　 person I have ever met. Anything is a reason for him to flash a smile. Even if it took him some extra 　8　 to learn new things, he always did extremely well. Although we were glad to see that, we still 　9　 what others would say about him. In order to 　10　 him, I kept his condition a secret. I was also afraid of being treated 　11　 by others because of his condition. But I soon realized 　12　 I truly loved him, I shouldn’t be 　13　 of him. The first time I told a friend about Lipe’s disease, she just reminded me that all that my brother needed was my love and 　14　. It was my friend’s understanding that 　15　 me to be proud of Lipe.
Because of my brother, I have learned the meaning of 　16　. Before his birth, if I saw someone who acted or looked differently, I simply thought it to be 　17　 and started laughing. I am now glad that I have changed in these ways. I now consider what they could possibly be 　18　 in life, and the many reasons why they could be behaving like that. We may live in a world in which the society coldly 　19　 every inch of you, but we can at least treat others with 　20　. Only in this way can we expect to create a better society.
1. A. practice B. worry C. complain D. understand
2. A. quickly B. easily C. quietly D. normally
3. A. friends B. classmates C. teachers D. students
4. A. left B. troubled C. helped D. inspired
5. A. change B. shock C. accept D. remember
6. A. younger B. happier C. calmer D. healthier
7. A. curious B. cheerful C. honest D. hardworking
8. A. luck B. praise C. effort D. power
9. A. gave up B. believed in C. learned from D. cared about
10. A. care B. protect C. follow D. comfort
11. A. badly B. excitedly C. seriously D. politely
12. A. if B. although C. because D. unless
13. A. proud B. afraid C. fond D. ashamed
14. A. hope B. peace C. support D. interest
15. A. made B. encouraged C. required D. attracted
16 A. pride B. honesty C. patience D. respect
17. A. poor B. troublesome C. strange D. difficult
18. A. achieving B. choosing C. enjoying D. experiencing
19. A. judges B. refuses C. improves D. discovers
20. A. pleasure B. difference C. kindness D. determination
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每小题1.5分，共15分）
I am now on my year abroad in Germany as part of my university course. At the 　1　 (begin) of my time here, I had the chance to meet so many new people and make lots of new friends. It is almost like 　2　 (start) a new life and can make you feel nervous and lonely at first. But I knew that when I moved to Germany I had to be open and friendly. This is 　3　(certain) what I have done since moving here and I have made some great friends along the way.
Next week a friend of 　4　 (I) is moving to Spain for the next part of her year abroad. She will be living near a beach and have a lot of fun. But I am also 　5　 (concern) about her as she will have to start a new life in another new country. She said that she 　6　 (want) to go back in time very much.
In order 　7　 (say) goodbye to her, a group of friends and I had a surprise party. We made her a scrapbook (剪贴簿) with photos and memories of her time here so 　8　 she could take it along! We hope that she has 　9　 wonderful time in Spain and that she will get along well 　10　 her new classmates and settle into her new home.
八、写作
第一节 应用文写作（25分）
假设你是李华，最近，你的笔友David沉迷于网络小说，难以自拔，他向你求助，请按下列要点给对方写一封信。　　
要求:
1.阐述网络小说的危害；
2.提出建议和解决办法；
3.表达信心；
4.词数: 100个左右。开头已为你写好, 不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I’m worried about the situation you are faced with.__________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Lihua
第二节 读后续写（25分）
Last Sunday afternoon, Sandra and I were eager to meet up with a man on Detroit’s east side to help him get ready for a job interview this week. But on the way, we spotted a dog lying near the road next to his owner. We thought he’d been hit by a car. My friend, Sandra Abrahamian, and I had assisted animal rescue groups before and we thought there might be something we could do, so we quickly pulled over to help.
His owner, a woman told us the dog’s name is Bosco, and she was walking him over a mile in the heat to her new home. She said Bosco was an outside dog and no one would give him a ride to her new place. That’s when she and a friend decided to walk the entire way. He was going from a life on a chain in one backyard to another. She said Bosco was having trouble breathing along the way, but they thought he could make it. But just a block away from their destination, Bosco fell down. We could tell he was suffering from heatstroke (中暑). She told us he had thrown up and could no longer stand. Bosco was out of breath quickly, his drool(口水) was also thick. Bosco’s owner said she wanted to give him away because she didn’t have time for him. She said he would never be allowed into her new “home”, because her children have allergies(过敏症) and she worried he would dirty the carpet.
I made a call to Kristina Rinaldi of Detroit Dog Rescue to ask if they could help Bosco, because it was clear that he was going to die without emergency care. To our happiness, Rinaldi said they could help. At once she told the people at Oakland Veterinary Referral Services that a dog which needed critical care was being rushed in and they must be ready to try their best to save him.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
3.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Sandra drove while I stayed in the back seat trying to comfort Bosco. __________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
So Bosco is now being called Roscoe, whose critical care and recovery were estimated to be several thousand dollars. __________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、1.procedure 2. mental 3. gravity 4. vehicle 5. satellite
6. resource 7. facility 8.monitor 9. fatal 10. recycle
二、1.intelligence 2. determined 3. independent 4. limited 5.Global
6. argument 7. regularly 8. mysterious 9. analysis 10. disappointment
三、1. so as to 2. result in 3. carry on 4. In closing 5. figure out
四、
A篇 1-3 DDA B篇 4-7 DADD
C篇 8-11 CBDC D篇 12-15 ADBD
五、1-5 CGEAD
六、1-5 BDABC 6-10 DBCDB 11-15 AADCB 16-20 DCDAC
1. beginning 2.starting 3. certainly 4. mine 5.concerned
6. wanted 7. to say 8. that 9.a 10. with
八、 第一节
参考范文：
Dear David，
I’m worried about the situation you are faced with , in which you find it difficult to get rid of the habit of reading online novels.
Slightly as reading online might relieve us from stress, spending too much time on it is a waste of time. Meanwhile, we are more likely to suffer from failing eyesight if staring at it frequently. Therefore, I can’t wait to give you some suggestions, for fear that you would deserve to have a great loss in your study. As we all know, we students must take advantage of every minute every day. You can relax yourself by reading some materials in a certain period of time, for example, lunch break. For the rest of the day, you’d better make use of the time more efficiently.
I’m willing to wait for your good news, and you can make it, can’t you
Yours ,
Lihua
第二节
参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
Sandra drove while I stayed in the back seat trying to comfort Bosco. I thought we lost him a couple of times when he was seemingly out of breath and his eyes seemed to close. By the time we arrived, Bosco was wheeled into the animal care center to receive emergency care. Bosco was put on oxygen and was taken good care of by staff there and we waited anxiously for the dog to get out of danger. Rinaldi said another dog in Detroit Dog Rescue had already been named Bosco, and she wanted this new member to have a new name for his new life.
Paragraph 2:
So Bosco is now being called Roscoe, whose critical care and recovery were estimated to be several thousand dollars. It would be difficult for Roscoe’s new home to cover the costs as a non-profit organization. Thankfully, many people who knew Roscoe’s story on Detroit Dog Rescue’s Facebook page donated money to his care. With the help of supporters, Detroit Dog Rescue managed to make it. Once Roscoe was in a stable state, Sandra and I returned to our original mission, knowing we had already been given the chance to help one desperate soul.