2022年英语中考专项语法复习课件定语从句 (共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
中考专项
定语从句
一、什么是定语？
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的
He is a good student.
I want to tell you something important.
Part 1 知识点精讲
二、定义：
在复合句中，
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
You must do everything that I do.
Part 1 知识点精讲
I have an apple.
The apple is red.
I have an apple
that is red.
修饰先行词 an apple
句型分析
I like music.
I can dance to it.
I like music
that I can dance to.
修饰先行词 music
句型分析
I love music.
I can sing along with it.
I like music
that I can sing along with.
修饰先行词 music
句型分析
I have some friends.
They like sports.
I have some friends
who like sports.
修饰先行词 friends
句型分析
I like musicians.
They can write their own songs.
I like musicians
who write their own songs.
修饰先行词 musicians
句型分析
I have an apple that is red.
I like music that I can sing along with.
I have friends who like sports.
I like musicians who write their own songs.
被修饰的名词叫先行词
主句和定语从句之间的连接词叫关系词
Part 1 知识点精讲
关系词常有三个作用：
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词
3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
关系词
关系代词: that, which,
who, whom,
whose
关系副词: when, where, why
Part 1 知识点精讲
关系代词
1.who指人，在从句中作主语/宾语
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
Part 1 知识点精讲
3. which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，
作宾语时可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
Part 1 知识点精讲
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；
指物时，相当于which。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语
作宾语时可省略。
The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.
Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning
Part 1 知识点精讲
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
Part 1 知识点精讲
三、定语从句中只能使用关系词that不能使用which的情况主要有：
1. 当先行词是不定代词时,如:all ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything等
2. 当先行词被不定代词little, few, no, any等或被 the only, the very, the same等修饰时等
3. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
4. 先行词既有人又有物时
5. 在疑问词which开头的句子中
四、定语从句中只能用关系词which不能用
that的情况：
1.引导非限制性定语从句（主句和从句之间用逗号隔开）
The meeting, which was held in our
school, was very successful.
2.关系代词之前有介词
This is the pencil with which I draw many
great pictures.
关系代词总结
指人，作主语--- who/ that
指人，作宾语--- whom/ who/ 省略（/）/that
指物，作主语--- which/ that
指物，作宾语--- which/ that / 省略（/）
与先行词有所属关系，
表示“谁的” 作定语，用whose
Part 2 真题演练
（2021湖北鄂州中考）—Yuan Longping is a hero ________ is known for developing hybrid rice（杂交水稻）.
—Yes. He is a great man.
A. which B. whom C. what D. that
【答案】D
Part 2 真题演练
（2021辽宁朝阳中考）---Have you heard of the story of Mulan？
---Of course.Mulan is a brave girl ________ her father's place to fight in the army.
A．whom take B．that take
C．which takes D．who takes
【答案】D
Part 2 真题演练
（2021贵州安顺中考） Abing’s Erquan Yingyue is a piece of music _________ has become one of China’s national treasures.
A. who B. which C. whose
【答案】B
Part 2 真题演练
（2021湖北十堰中考）This is the first birthday gift _________ I received. I’ve kept it many years.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
【答案】B
Part 2 真题演练
（2021甘肃天水中考）A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. which
【答案】C