2022年英语中考专项语法复习课件主谓一致 (共23张PPT)

(共23张PPT)
中考专项
主谓一致
“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are, were, have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is, was, has, works等。
主谓一致三原则
一、语法一致原则
二、意义一致原则
三、就近一致原则
一、语法一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；
主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
I often help him and he often helps me.
Neither of you are right.
不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；
可数名词的复数形式作主语，
谓语动词用复数。
典型真题
（2021 四川巴中）
---Amazing! Tom got the best grade in the test last week.
---Nothing______ impossible. He studies really hard this term.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
A
典型真题
（2021 西藏）
Some people think one of the most usual inventions_____ the smartphone.
A.are B. is C. were D. be
答案：B
二、意义一致
主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数；
主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。
My family are watching TV.
Maths is hard to learn.
No news is good news.
考点归纳
1.时间，距离，价格，度量衡作主语，
谓语动词用单数
2.集合名词（family,team,group,class…）
指整体---单数
指成员---复数
3.分数\百分数\half\the rest+of+名词
谓语的数取决于名词
5.The +形容词作主语,谓语动词用
复数
6.定语从句中，关系代词作主语
从句谓语的数取决于先行词
Journey to the West is a book which is about Monkey King.
典型真题
(2021 辽宁营口) One thousand kilometers ________ quite a long way to the ancient,but now we can complete the journey in about one hour by air.A. was B. had C. were D. have
答案：A
典型真题
（2021 四川广元）
I plan to travel to America next month, and I thingk 2000 dollars _____ enough.
A. was B. are C. is D. were
答案：C
三、就近原则
就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
考点归纳
遵循就近原则的结构：
either … or… 或者…或者…
neither… nor…. 既不…也不…
not only…but also… 不但…而且…
There be 句型
Here 引导的倒装句
Here comes the bus.
典型真题
（2021年广西河池）
Not only Peter but also his father ________ crazy about the basketball match.A. am B. is C. are D. be
答案：B
典型真题
（2021 黑龙江齐齐哈尔）
In the face of the variation of the virus,not only China but also other countries _______ to take action to fight against the crisis.(危机）
A. have B. has C. having
答案：A
易错点
由and连接的并列成分指的是一个人的双重身份时谓语动词为单数，如果指不同的人或物时谓语动词用复数。
The worker and writer is from Beijing.
The worker and the writer are from Beijing.
2. 表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.
Five dollars is enough.
3. 集合名词class, family, team,group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。
His family is in Harbin.
His family are music lovers.
表示复数意义的集合名词 people，police作主语，谓语动词用复数。
The police are looking for the lost boy.
4.复合不定代词，动名词，不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
5. 量词短语作主语,谓语动词单复数取决于量词
Two cups of coffee are enough for me.
6. 主语后跟 “with / along with / together with / except / as well as / besides +名词”结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。(就远原则）
The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.
典型真题
(2021 黑龙江大庆)
Look! Julia as well as her sisters________ a kite on the playground.
A. fly B. flies C. is flying D.are flying
答案：C
典型真题
(2021 四川达州)Jane, I rang you up last night but noboday answered.
Oh, I together with my parents ______ walks in the park then.
A. have taken B.was taking
C. were taking D. had taken
答案：B