2022年英语中考语法课件专项 数词 (共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
中考语法专项
数词
基础知识
Part1 　　
基数词 序数词
one first
two second
three third
four fourth
five fifth
six sixth
seven seventh
eight eighth
nine ninth
ten tenth
基数词 序数词
eleven eleventh
twelve twelfth
thirteen thirteenth
fourteen fourteenth
fifteen fifteenth
sixteen sixteenth
seventeen seventeenth
eighteen eighteenth
nineteen nineteenth
twenty twentieth
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
eleventh
twelfth thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth
twentieth
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
twenty-first
twenty-second
twenty-third
twenty-fourth
twenty-fifth
twenty-sixth
twenty-seventh
twenty-eighth
twenty-ninth
thirtieth
thirty-first
21st
22nd
23rd
24th
26th
27th
28th
30th
31st
基数词变序数词口诀
基变序 很容易 结尾加上th ;
一、二、三， 单独记；
八去t，九除e，
ve要用f替，
整十基数变序数，先把ty变tie；
要是遇到两位数，十位基数个位序，
th最后加上去。
数词的用法
基数词：表示数量
I have two dollars.
I am six years old.
序数词表示次序，翻译成“第...”
前面通常加the
January is the first month in a year.
典型考题
（2021·四川达州市）My mother will be ______ years old next week. I’m planning to buy a gift for her ______ birthday.
A．fourty; fourtieth
B．forty; fortieth
C．fourty; fortieth
D．forty; fourtieth
答案：B
典型考题
（2021·贵州铜仁市）There are ______ floors in this building. He lives on the ______ floor.
A．thirty; nine B．thirtieth; nine
C．thirtieth; ninth D．thirty; ninth
答案：D
序数词前面一般加定冠词the，但如果序数词前用形容词性物主代词，名词所有格等同一位置修饰词，the 要省略。
（2021·四川泸州市）—When was the Communist Party of China founded
—In 1921. It’s her ______ birthday this year.
A．hundred B．hundredth
C．hundreds of D．the hundredth
答案：B
高频考点
the+序数词表示次序
a +序数词表示“又” “再”
（2021·湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州）My aunt has only one child, and she wants ______ child.
A．the second B．a second C．two
高频考点
答案：B
Part 2
数词的拓展应用
时间和钟点
在英语中，时间表达的常用方法有两种。
一、顺读法，先说时针所指的，后说分针所指的数字。
如 9:20，英语表达为：nine twenty
9:50,英语表达为： nine fifty
二、倒读法，所谓倒读就是先说分针所指，再说时针所指的数字。
（1） < 30 分 分针所指+past+时针所指
9:20---twenty past nine
（2） > 30 分
(60-分针所指)+ to+(时针所指+1)
9:50-- ten to ten
half ------ 一半，30分钟，1/2
past
to
过
差
（3）半点 用half
9:30 half past nine
10:30
half past ten
12:30
half past twelve
（4）15分钟或45分钟，用quarter（ 一刻）
9:15---a quarter past nine
9：45---a quarter to ten
quarter ---- 一刻，15分钟，1/4
past
to
日期和年份
年、月、日的表达方法
1．月份的表示方法。
一月 January（Jan.） 二月February (Feb.)
三月 March (Mar.) 四月 April (Apr.)
五月 May 六月 June (Jun.)
七月 July (Jul.) 八月 August (Aug.)
九月 September (Sep./ Sept.)
十月 October (Oct.)
十一月 November (Nov.)
十二月 December (Dec.)
2．年和月连用时，月在前，年在后
如：March 2012
September 1982
3．月和日连用时，有三种表达方式。
如：3月14号
March 14 = March the fourteenth
= the fourteenth of March
特别说明：
1、世纪、年代、年份、月份时，用介词in
2、具体某一天、星期前用介词on
3、具体某一天的早晨、下午或晚上时，用介词on
1、____ a cold morning，the old man died lonely in his house．
2、The girl was sent to hospital ____ the morning of March 20.
3、My son was born _____ October 2010.
4、People are very poor _____ the fifties.　　　
On
on
in
in
4．年、月、日连用时常在年前加逗号，
介词用on。
在1989年9月28号 on September 28，1989
在2021年8月8号 on August 8，2021
5. 世纪年代的表示方法
21世纪: (in) the 21st century
80年代: (in) the eighties
20世纪90年代 : (in) the 1990s或1990’s
分数，小数，百分比
分数表达方式
1).结构:
a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.
one fifth
b).当分子大于1时,分母为序数词加s.
= three fourths = three quarters
2).注意: 分数词的几种特殊形式.
1/3—one third = a third
1/4—one fourth = a quarter
1/2—one second = a half
3/4—three fourths = three quarters
3).分数+名词作主语时, 谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定.
不可数名词 +动词单三形式
分数 + of +
可数名词 + 动词变复数形式
典型考题
（2021·广西玉林市）—Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school
—In our school, ______of the teachers ______ women teachers.
A．third fourth; are
B．third fourth; is
C．three fourths; is
D．three fourths; are
答案：D
典型考题
（2021·辽宁朝阳市）—How many students in your class get to school on foot
—About ______ of them do.
A．three fifths B．two third
C．first four D．one seconds
答案：A
百分数、小数的表达方法
小数点读成 point
3.6读作：
百分号%读成 percent
50%读作：
three point six
fifty percent
Part 3
热门考点
（一）
1．hundred/ thousand/million/billion
和“of”连用，前面不能有具体的数,而且这四
个词的本身必须用复数。
hundreds of thousands of millions of
2．当它们的前面有具体的数修饰时,其本身即不
能用复数，不能和“of”连用。
two thousand students
five hundred cars
典型考题
（2021·山东滨州市）—China is a great country with a history of about five ______ years.
—Yes. And ______ of foreigners come to visit it every year.
A．thousand; thousand
B．thousands; thousands
C．thousand; thousands
D．thousands; thousand
答案：C
（二）固定结构
1. 在某人多少岁
in + one’s + 几十的复数形式
2．复合形容词作定语
an eight-year-old girl
100-meter-long bridge
对比：10 meters deep (10米深)
3．ten-minute walk = ten minutes’walk
4. two more hours= another two hours
.
典型考题
（2021·江苏连云港市）The ______ Lianyungang-Xuzhou High-speed Railway was open to the public this year.
A．180 kilometer long
B．180 kilometers long
C．180-kilometer-long
D．180-kilometers-long
答案：C