中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 8 Is there a post office near here
Section A (Grammar Focus-3c)导学案
学 年 2021-2022年度第二学期 科目 七年级英语 课题 Unit 8 Section A (Grammar Focus-3c) 授课时间
主 备 人 使用人 七年级师生 课型 语法课 审核签字 学案序号 8-2
学习目标 能够识记理解本节课上遇到的新单词，短语，和句型。 能掌握以下句型：学会There is / are…. Is/are there… 的句型及用法 ①—Is there a hospital near here —Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. ②—Where is… —It's…
重 点 能正确使用there be句型询问或描述事物的所在位置。 能正确使用where引导的特殊疑问句询问事物的具体位置。 能正确使用各种方位介词表述事物的地理位置。
难 点
教师寄语 Send person rose, the hand have lingering fragrance. (赠人玫瑰，手有余香。)
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列句子。 —附近有银行吗？ —是的。它在中心街上。 ____________________________________________________________________—附近有餐馆吗？ —有，在邮局前面有一家。 ____________________________________________________________________—旅馆在哪里？ —它在公安局后面。 ____________________________________________________________________— 银行在哪里？ —它紧挨着邮局。 ____________________________________________________________________—公园在哪里？ —它在银行对面，旅馆后面。 ____________________________________________________________________投币电话在哪里？ —他们在邮局与图书馆对面。 ____________________________________________________________________
精讲点拨 there be 句型 There be句型表示“(某地)有某人或某物”。“There be”句型是倒装句结构，句中的there只起引导作用，并无实际意义，be动词的单复数形式要与后面所跟最近的名词或代词保持一致。 eg：There is a small village at the foot of the mountain. 山脚下有一个小村庄。 There aren’t any students in the library. 图书馆里没有学生。 For a whole month, there is no rain. 一整个月都没有下雨。 —Is there a musical evening in our class this Saturday 这周六我们班会举办音乐晚会吗？ —Yes, there is.是的，要举办。/No, there isn't.不，不举办。 How many runners are there in the 1500-metre race 有多少人参加这次1500米赛跑？ there be句型的基本结构 肯定句：There be +主语+地点状语。 eg：There are six books in his bag. 在他的书包里有六本书。 否定句：There be not +主语+地点状语。 eg：There are not six books in his bag. 在他的书包里没有六本书。 一般疑问句：Be there +主语+地点状语 回答用：Yes,there be./No, there be + not.。 eg：—Are there six books in his bag 在他的书包里有六本书吗？ —Yes,there are./No,there aren't. 是的，有。/不，没有。 常用how many对数量进行提问。 eg：There are six pencils in this pencil-box. 在这个文具盒里有六支铅笔。（划线部分提问） →How many pencils are there in this pencil-box 这个文具盒里有多少支铅笔？ 对there be句型中的主语提问时，常省略there。 eg：There is a desk in the office. 在办公室里有一张桌子。（划线部分提问） →What's in the office 在办公室里有什么？ There are two apples on the table. 桌子上有两个苹果。（划线部分提问） →What's on the table 桌子上有什么？ there be句型的就近一致原则 当有两个或多个并列主语时，be动词的形式要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致，即要遵循“就近一致原则”。 eg：There are many desks and chairs in the classroom. 教室里有很多桌子和凳子。 There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a chair and many desks in our classroom.（最近保持一致） 我们教室里有一把椅子和许多课桌。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree.（最近保持一致） 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。 There is nothing in the fridge. 冰箱里什么也没有。 there be与have/has的区别 ◆ there be句型表示“某处有某物/某人”，指客观存在。用句型“There be+某物/某人+某地”。但这个“有”是表示“存在”，而不是“所有关系”的“拥有”的“有” ◆ have/has表示“某人/某物有"，指从属关系。用句型“某人/某物+ have/has +某人/某某物”。表示“所有关系”的“拥有”的“有”，用“have/has”来表示。用have或has取决于句子的主语。 eg：There are two pencils and a pen in his pencil-box.（客观存在） 在他的铅笔盒里有两支铅笔和一支钢笔。 He has a pen and two pencils. 他有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。（主观拥有） ★ 当表示某物的构成和组成部分时，两者可互换。 eg：There are twenty classes in our school. =Our school has twenty classes. 我们学校有20个班级。 常见的问路句式 Is there …near here 这附近有……吗？ Where is the … ……在哪里？ Do you know the way to … 你知道去……的路吗？ Which is the way to … 哪一条是去……的路？ How can I get to … 我怎样才能到达……？ Excuse me. Can/Could you please tell/show me how to get to… 劳驾，请告诉我/给我指一下怎样到达……好吗？ Excuse me. Can/Could you tell/show me the way to… 劳驾，你能告诉我/给我指一下去……的路吗？ 常见的指路句式 It’s on …Street/Road. 它在……街/路。 It’s in front of/near/across from/ behind the… 它在……前面/附近/对面/后面。 Walk/Go along/down…Street/Road. 沿着……街/路走。 Turn right/left at the …crossing. 在第……个十字路口向右/左转。 Take the…turning on the right/left. 在第……个转弯处向右/左转。 Take the No. …bus and get off at… 乘坐……路公共汽车，在……下车。
检测小结 一、用适当的介词或连词填空。 There is a school just across________ our house. The post office is between the library________ the supermarket. There is a park________ town. —Is there a bank________ here —Yes, there is. He walks________ the bridge and goes away. I can walk to the restaurant________ you. Kate sits behind me.I'm________ front________ her. Classes begin________ 8 o'clock every day. The Blue Sky Hotel is________ George Street. Our classroom is________ ________their classroom. There is a wall________ the two classrooms. 二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。 Many________ are in town and they are very clean.(hotel) My father________ two bikes.(have) There________ a book and some pens in my bag.(be) How can I________ you？(help) Look! The police are________ under a tree.(eat) 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 我们学校在邮局对面。 Our school is________ ________ the post office. 动物园前面有一个付费电话。 There is a pay phone________ ________ ________ the zoo. 那家服装店在图书馆和超市之间。 That clothes store is________ the library ________ the supermarket. 公园离这儿不远，你可以走着去那儿。 The park is not________ ________ here. You can walk there. 紧挨着医院有一家超市。 ________ ________ the hospital, there is a supermarket. 四、单项选择。 ( )1.—________. Is there a bank near here —________， I don't know. A．Excuse me; Sorry B．Sorry; Excuse me C．Excuse me; Excuse me D．Sorry; Sorry ( )2.—Thank you for your help. —________． A．No thanks B．You're welcome C．Don't say it D．All right ( )3.On the left of the flowers________ a big table. A．is B．are C．have D．has ( )4.There_________ many people_________ the building and they're planting trees. A. is; in the front of B. are; in front of C. have; in front of D. be; before ( )5.—Bill, did you see Tom —Yes, he just parked his car here and then hurried________ the street. A．through B．over C．past D．across ( )6.Look! There are some girls________ under the tree. A．dance B．dancing C．danced D．to dance
参考答案
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列句子。 Is there a bank near here Yes, there is. It’s on Center Street.Are there any restaurants near here Yes, there’s one in front of the post office.Where’s the hotel It’s behind the police station.Where’s the bank It’s next to the post office.Where’s the park It’s across from the bank, behind the hotel.Where are the pay phone They’re between the post office and the library.
检测小结 一、用适当的介词或连词填空。 fromandinnear/aroundacrosswithin; ofatonnext to; between
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。 hotelshasishelpeating
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 across fromin front ofbetween; andfar fromNext to
四、单项选择。 ABABDB
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Unit 8 Is there a post office near here
Section A Grammar Focus-3c
人教新目标版 七年级下
warm up
Let’s sing a song.
Lead in
Revision
on the box
under the box
in the box
—Where’s the ball
—It’s ____ the box.
Look and say.
—Where’s the ball
—It’s ____ the box.
in front of
behind
next to
near
挨着
在……的后面
在……的前面
在……附近
Lead in
Look and say.
—Where’s the ball
—It’s ____ the box.
across from
—Where is the ball
—It’s _________________________________.
between the big box and the small box
在……和……之间
在……对面
Lead in
Look and say.
Lead in
Look at the map and make conversations.
－Is there a …
－Yes, …/ No,...
－Where is …
－It is …
Look at the map, then make conversations with your partner. One ask for how to get to the place, the other gives directions.
Grammar focus
Observe this chart and let’s read the sentences.
Grammar Focus
Is there a bank near here Yes, there is. It’s on Center Street.
Are there any restaurants near here Yes, there’s one in front of the post office.
Where’s the hotel It’s behind the police station.
Where’s the bank It’s next to the post office.
Where’s the park It’s across from the bank, behind the hotel.
Where are the pay phone They’re between the post office and the library.
Grammar focus
Grammar Focus
Is there a bank near here Yes, there is. It’s on Center Street.
Are there any restaurants near here Yes, there’s one in front of the post office.
Where’s the hotel It’s behind the police station.
Where’s the bank It’s next to the post office.
Where’s the park It’s across from the bank, behind the hotel.
Where are the pay phone They’re between the post office and the library.
What do you find
There be 结构
Grammar
Grammar
there be句型
语法定义
there be结构表示“______________________”，其中的there没有实际意义，常弱读成/ /。be动词的单复数要与后面的名词保持一致。
某地或某时有某人或某物
eg：There is a small village at the foot of the mountain.
山脚下有一个小村庄。
There aren’t any students in the library. 图书馆里没有学生。
For a whole month, there is no rain. 一整个月都没有下雨。
—Is there a musical evening in our class this Saturday
这周六我们班会举办音乐晚会吗？
—Yes, there is.是的，要举办。/No, there isn't.不，不举办。
How many runners are there in the 1500-metre race
有多少人参加这次1500米赛跑？
there be结构的基本句型
eg：There are six books in his bag.
There is a car in front of the house.
There is/are+主语+地点状语/时间状语.
There isn’t/aren’t+主语+地点状语/时间状语.
eg：There isn’t any water in the bottle.
There aren’t any pens on the desk.
肯定句
否定句
Grammar
eg：—Are there any Russian books in the library
—Yes, there are./No, there aren’t.
Is/Are there+主语+地点状语/时间状语？
特殊疑问词 + be（is/are）+ there + 其他
eg：—How many pencils are there in this pencil-box
—There are six pencils in this pencil-box.
一般
疑问句
特殊
疑问句
肯定回答：
Yes, there is/are.
否定回答：
No, there isn’t/aren’t.
Grammar
Grammar
there be句型的特殊疑问句
there be结构的主谓一致
Grammar
there be结构中的be动词要和其后的名词在数上保持一致。
在there be 结构中，如果be动词后的主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词，be动词用is。
eg：There is a man under the tree. 树下有一个人。
There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。
如果be动词后的主语为可数名词复数，be动词用复数形式。
eg：There are many trees in the park. 公园里有很多树。
1
2
Grammar
如果be动词后面的主语为两个或两个以上的名词，be动词要和离它最近的那个名词在数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
eg：There is a ruler and two erasers on the desk.
桌子上有一把尺子和两块橡皮。
There are two erasers and one ruler on the desk.
桌子上有两块橡皮和一把尺子。
3
Grammar
Grammar
there be与have/has区别
there be 表示“某处有某物/某人”，指客观存在。用句型“There be+某物/某人+某地”。但这个“有”是表示“存在”，而不是“所有关系”的“拥有”的“有”
have/has 表示“某人/某物有"，指从属关系。用句型“某人/某物+ have/has +某人/某某物”。表示“所有关系”的“拥有”的“有”，用“have/has”来表示。用have或has取决于句子的主语。
eg：There are two pencils and a pen in his pencil-box.（客观存在）
在他的铅笔盒里有两支铅笔和一支钢笔。
He has a pen and two pencils. 他有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。（主观拥有）
Grammar
【特别提醒】there be结构不可与have/has同时使用，但有时可以互换。
eg：树下有一只猫。
(×) There has a cat under the tree.
(√) There is a cat under the tree.
我们学校大约有2 000名学生。
There are about 2, 000 students in our school. = Our school has about 2, 000 students.
Grammar
It’s a beautiful Sunday morning. There (1) ______ lots of people in the park. They are playing happily. A boy is playing a guitar under a tree. He is playing wonderfully. On the square, there (2) _____ many people dancing. (3) ______ there any kids in the park Yes, they are running and playing here and there. How happy they are! There (4) ______ a lake in the park. There (5) ______ lots of fish in it. But there (6) ______ (not) any people swimming in it.
are
are
Are
are
aren’t
is
Let’s practice.
Grammar
常见的问路句式
Is there …near here 这附近有……吗？
Where is the … ……在哪里？
Do you know the way to … 你知道去……的路吗？
Which is the way to … 哪一条是去……的路？
How can I get to … 我怎样才能到达……？
Excuse me. Can/Could you please tell/show me how to get to…
劳驾，请告诉我/给我指一下怎样到达……好吗？
Excuse me. Can/Could you tell/show me the way to…
劳驾，你能告诉我/给我指一下去……的路吗？
Grammar
常见的指路句式
It’s on …Street/Road. 它在……街/路。
It’s in front of/near/across from/ behind the…
它在……前面/附近/对面/后面。
Walk/Go along/down…Street/Road. 沿着……街/路走。
Turn right/left at the …crossing. 在第……个十字路口向右/左转。
Take the…turning on the right/left. 在第……个转弯处向右/左转。
Take the No. …bus and get off at… 乘坐……路公共汽车，在……下车。
3a
Presentation
Look at the map and answer the questions.
It’s between the hospital and the post office.
Yes, there’s one near the police station.
专有名词，北街
It’s on North Street next to the police station.
It’s on New Street next to the bank.
No, there isn’t. There’s one on New Street.
Presentation
3b
Look at the map in 3a and write three sentences.
The bank is next to the hospital and across from the park.
1.___________________________________
2.___________________________________
3.___________________________________
The restaurant is near the police station.
The hotel is in front of the park.
The hospital is next to the bank.
Presentation
3c
Take turns to choose a place in the picture in 1a on page 43. Your classmates ask questions and then guess the place.
轮流做某事
Presentation
A: Where is the hospital
Is it on Bridge Street
B: Yes, it is.
A: Is it next to the police station
B: Yes, it is.
A: Is it between the hotel
and the bank
B: No, it isn’t.
Homework
1. Do the exercises in students’ book.
2. Preview (Section B(1a-1e)).
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