中考英语语法课件：被动语态(共26张PPT)

(共26张PPT)
-高山英语空中课堂
中考英语语法-被动语态
掌握被动语态需要了解的知识点
第一：被动语态的概念和具体适用情况
第二：被动语态的结构
第三：被动语态动词过去分词变化形式
（规则变化和不规则变化形式）
第四：被动语态需要提前掌握各种动词时态
第五：被动语态需要注意的几种特殊情况
第六：不用被动语态的几种情况
导入
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态 (the Active Voice)
被动语态(the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
We planted the flower.
The flower was planted by us.
使用被动语态的情况
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：
Table tennis is played all over the world．
二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：
My car was stolen last night．
我的车昨晚被盗了。
三、中文中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知… … It is well known that …
据推测说… … It is supposed that …
四、中文中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
例如：
Tina is asked to come by Paul．
Tina是被Paul叫来的。
五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：
He was born in October，1989．
被动语态构成：
Be动词+过去分词时态
被动语态的时态通过be动词的变化体现。
be 动词可变形式：
am is are/was were/will be /shall be /have been/has been/had been/must be and etc.
We speak Chinese.
主语
谓语
宾语
Chinese is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语
主动语态
被动语态
We cleaned the meeting room yesterday.
昨天我们打扫了会议室。
The meeting room was cleaned by us yesterday.
昨天会议室被我们打扫了。
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed
watch---watched
2)以不发音e结尾的加-d
practice---practiced
3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed
study---studied
4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed
stop---stopped
2.不规则动词的过去分词：
am
is
are
been
have
has
had
do
done
write
written
go
gone
更多变化参考课本附表
动词被动语态对比中文以及变化方法:
被动语态结构:
be + 过去分词 （ 及物动词 ）
被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式 . 中文往往用 “ 被 ” “ 受 ” “ 给 ”等词来表示被动意义 .
主动语态变为被动语态的方法 :
1 . 主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语 .
2 . 主动句中的谓语动词变成被动句的 be + 过去分词 .
3 . 主动句中的主语变成被动句 by 的宾语 , 放在谓语动词后面 . 如果不强调动作执行者时 , by 短语可省略 .
Many people speak Chinese.
Chinese is spoken by many people .
被动语态的各种时态变化 结构和例句:
一般现在时 am , is , are + 过去分词
Children often sing the song .
The song is often sung by children .
一般过去时 was , were + 过去分词
A PLA man saved him .
He was saved by a PLA man .
一般将来时 will be , shall be + 过去分词
They will take her to the hospital .
She will be taken to the hospital .
情态动词 + be +过去分词
We must clean the classroom every day .
The classroom must be cleaned every day .
时态 被动语态结构
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
am/is/are +done
was/were+done
Shall\will be + done
情态动词+be+ done
常用被动语态时态表格汇总
过去将来时
现在完成时
过去完成时
would be+ done
have/has been+ done
had been+ done
现在进行时
过去进行时
was/were being + done
am/is/are being+ done
更多时态被动变化表格拓展
Change the following sentences into the Passive voice :
1 . People speak English all over the world .
English is spoken all over the world by people .
2 . She washes her hands before lunch .
Her hands are washed before lunch .
3 . Do Chinese people plant trees every spring .
Are trees planted by Chinese people every spring .
4 . His aunt doesn’t often play table tennis .
Table tennis isn’t often played by his aunt .
.
1 . I borrowed this book from the library last weekend .
This book was borrowed from the library last weekend .
2 . The policemen caught four thieves last night .
Four thieves were caught by the policemen last night .
3 . I didn’t buy a English dictionary .
An Englihs dictionary wasn’t bought by me .
4 . Did you bring a umbrella
Was a umbrella brought by you
1 . He will study English well .
English will be studied well by him .
2 . Will you clean your classroom
Will your classroom be cleaned by you
3 . I won’t write to my grandpa this evening .
My grandpa won’t be written to this evening by me .
4 . The nurse will take care of the children .
The children will be taken care of by the nurse .
1 . We must take care of the books in the library .
The books must be taken care of in the library .
2. You may find this kind of trees everywhere .
This kind of trees may be found everywhere .
3 . You can’t see the stars in the daytime .
The stars can’t be seen in the daytime .
4 . Must we hand in our compositions tomorrow
Must our compositions be handed in tomorrow
1 . The boy is wearing a new coat .
A new coat is being worn by the boy .
2 . The girls are making model ships .
Model ships are being made by the girls .
3 . He has already done the exercises .
The exercises have already been done by him .
4 . My classmates have put on the play .
The play has been put on by my classmates.
主动语态变成被动语态时要注意以下几点 :
1 . 含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时 , 可以将其中一个宾语变为主语 , 另一个不动 . 一般把间接宾语变为主语 .
如 : Mary gave me a pen .
I was given a pen by Mary .
如果把直接宾语变为主语 , 则在间接宾语前加 “ to \for”
如 : A pen was given to me by Mary .
2 .含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时 , 将其中的宾语变为主语 , 宾补不变 .
如 : We asked him to speak at the meeting .
He was asked to speak at the meeting .
3 . 如果主动句中的谓语是短语动词 , 变为被动句时 , 短语动词的介词或副词不可以丢掉 .
如 : They took good care of the boys .
The boys were taken good care of .
4 . 在 “ let , make , see , hear , notice , watch , feel ” 等动词后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带 “ to ” , 但改成被动句时应加上 “ to ” .
如 : The doctor made me stay in bed for three days . I was made to stay in bed for three days by the doctor .
1 . He tells us a story every evening .
We are told a story by him every evening .
A story is told to us by him every evening .
2. He bought me a new bike yesterday.
I was bought a new bike yesterday.
A new bike was bought for me yesterday.
3 . Will he take his sister to the park
Will his sister be taken to the park by him
4 . He is looking for the lost key .
The lost key is being looked for by him .
5. The boss made him do the heavy work.
He was made to do the homework (by the boss).
6. We often hear him play the guitar.
He is often heard to play the guitar
A traffic accident ________(happen) just now.
happened
2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become…
Peking Opera ________ (sound) beautiful.
sounds
3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:
The pen _________ (write) very fast.
writes
This kind of sweater _______ (sell) well.
sells
1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, dissapear, …
不用被动语态的动词：
1. Large numbers of plastic bags _________ (use) in the supermarkets every day.
2. _____ our country ____(send) up another man-made satellite last year
3. Must the old people ___________ (speak) to politely
4. Her grandma was still alive when he _________ (take) to the hospital.
5. English __________(speak) in many counties.
are used
Did
send
be spoken
was taken
is spoken
6. Three quarters of the world’s books ____________ (write) in English.
8. This kind of sweater _______ (sell) well.
10. _________ Lesson 50 ___________ (teach) next week
are written
sells
Will
be taught
7. The pen ______ (write) well.
writes
9.This book ________ (sell) to me at the price of 5 dollars yesterday.
was sold
用动词的正确形式填空:
1. All the students __________(ask) to bring a kite with them last Sunday.
2. Are many ways _______(try) to stop people from cutting down so many trees
3. —What are on show in the museum
—Some photos _________(take) by American children.
4.
This coat _________(wash) well.
9. Have you found your necklace ________(偷) last week
6. I’m often _________(警告）not to copy others’ homework.
7. He couldn’t explain why dinosaurs ___________ (消失).
8. I’ll have my bike __________________(修理) tomorrow.
5. Must the old people ____________(speak) to politely
10. The PRC was _________(成立) on October 1, 1949.
were asked
tried
are taken
washes
be spoken
warned
disappeared
mended／repaired
stolen
founded
Thank you
for watching
Bye-bye.