牛津译林版英语七年级下Unit 4 Finding your way Grammar课件（34张PPT无素材）

(共34张PPT)
Finding your way
Grammar
Unit 4
Objectives
To recognize and use a, an and the
To use the prepositions of place to talk about position
Words review
cage
across
inside
outside
above
below
sign
over
bench
n. 笼子，鸟笼
prep. 在…对面；穿过，横过
prep. 在…里面
prep. 在…外面
prep. 在…上面
prep. 在…下面
n. 指示牌
prep. 在…上面
n. 长椅
Using a, an and the
在英语中，一个名词一般不单独使用，其前面常加冠词。冠词分为两种：不定冠词(a, an) 和定冠词(the)。
冠词的用法
不定冠词的使用
不定冠词用在名词前指第一次提到的某
人或某物，不定冠词具有“某一个”的意
思，但并不强调数量，如第一次提到的
a baseball。当再次提到这个人或物时应
该用定冠词，表示特指第一次提到的那
个人或物。如：
① - I have a new book.
我有一本新书。
- Can I look at the new book
我可以看看那本新书吗？
(the new book是指第一次提到的
a new book)
② Your book is on the teacher’s desk.
这里的desk指两个人都知道的那个
桌子。
③ 指某人某物，但并不具体指哪个人
或哪个物
不定冠词的用法:
① 表示某一类中的“一个”
② 表示“每一”
He is an office worker in a company.
This is a map. It’s a map of China
I go to the cinema once a month.
We have five English lessons a week.
A boy is standing over there.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
⑥ 在一些固定词组中
④ 表示数量“一”，但概念没有one强烈
⑤ 表示“同一”的意思
I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.
It is an inch thick.
These shoes are all of a size.
The people and army are of a family.
have a good time a piece of
a lot of a few/little
have a cold have a rest
1. There’s _____ “U” and____ “S” in “USA”.
A. a, an B. an, a C. an, an
2.-- How was _____ dinner at Mike’s house
-- It was great. Mike’s mum is _____
wonderful cook.
A. a, the B. the, a
C. the, the D. a, an
(1) 特指双方都明白的人或物
Take the medicine. 把药吃了。
(2) 上文提到过的人或事
--- He buys a house. 他买了幢房子。
--- The house is big. 那幢房子很大。
(3) 指世界上独一无二的事物
the Sun, the sky, the moon, the Earth
定冠词的用法:
(4) 与单数名词连用表示一类事物
the dollar 美元 the fox 狐狸
或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人
the rich/poor/young/old
富/穷/青年/老年人 (做复数)
(5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词
等前面
--- Where do you live 你住在哪？
--- I live on the second floor. 我住在二楼。
That's the very thing m looking for.
那正是我要找的东西。
(6) 用在某些由普通名词构成的机关团体、阶级等专有名词前(地名，人名，国家名前无the）
the PRC中华人民共和国 the USA 美国
the Changjiang / Huanghe River 长江/黄河
the West Lake/ Xihu Lake 西湖
(7) 用在表示乐器的名词前
She plays the piano. 她弹钢琴。
(8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人
the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)
(9) 用在惯用语中
in the morning, for the first time...
不可使用冠词的情况
已有物主代词或所有格修饰时：
my book，Jim’s bike， whose shoes
2. 从事体育类活动前：
play football / chess / tennis
3. 三餐，星期，季节，月份前：
have breakfast / lunch / dinner
不可使用冠词的情况
4. 泛指一类人或事物时：
raise cows, grow wheat, eat bamboo
Children like playing games.
Most girls are afraid of dogs.
Most of the girls in my class are….
5. 固定短语或用法中：
at school/home/night，go to school/town,
in bed, in/before/ after class/school, on duty (值日) , from morning to night
I. Choose the best answer.
1. There is ______ big supermarket in
______ center of our city.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the
2. — What ______ exciting sports show!
— Yeah, I love this game.
A. a B. the C. an
3. There’s ______ apple on the table.
______ apple is for my little brother.
A. a; An B. an; An
C. the; An D. an; The
4. --- Who’s ______ boy in red, do you
know
--- Oh. He’s ______ friend of Tom.
A. the, a B. an, the
C. a, the D. the, an
5. — Have you seen ______ pen I left one
here this morning
— Is it ______ black one I think I saw
it somewhere.
A. the; the B. a; a
C. the; a D. a; the
6. This is ______ story-book. It was
written by Yang Hongying.
A. the B. a C. an
1. ____elephant is ____biggest animal
on land.
2. Do you know __ child under ____ tree.
3. Moon goes round our__ planet(星球) all the time.
4. Let’s meet at quarter to ten on Saturday.
5. Great Wall of China is famous all over world.
An
the
the
the
The
a
\
The
\
the
Prepositions of place
1. There’s a path between the hills.
2. Here we’re in front of the South
Gate.
3. Millie is making some notes about
the animals in the zoo.
Sentences from this unit:
Where’s the ball
It’s ___ the box.
It’s _____ the box.
It’s ______ the box.
It’s __ the box.
on
under
in
behind
介词 图示 意 义 例 句
in
on
over
在……之内
The students are reading in the classroom. 学生们在教师里读书。
在……上面
The boat is on the river. 那条船在河上。
在……
(正)上方
There are several bridges over the river.河上有好几座桥。
under
above
below
介词 图示 意 义 例 句
在…… (正)下方
The boat sailed under the bridge.
船在桥下行驶。
在……上方
The plane flew above the clouds.
飞机在云上飞行。
在……下方
The sun sinks below the horizon. 太阳沉没在地平线下。
介词 图示 意 义 例 句
beside
next to
behind
在……旁边
Come and sit beside me.
过来坐在我旁边。
紧挨……
My best friend sits next to me in class.
上课时我最好的朋友坐在我的旁边。
在……后面
Olive hid behind a tree. 奥列弗藏在一棵树后面。
介词 图示 意 义 例 句
outside
inside
between
在……外面
He parked his car outside the heater. 他把汽车停在剧场外面。
在…里面
He concealed the key inside his tie. 他把钥匙藏在领带里面。
在……之间(指二者)
The letter B is between A and C.
字母B在A和C之间。
选择合适的介词填空
1. You can go______ the street when the traffic lights are green.
2. The boy is so strong that he can swim ________ the big river.
3. I see Sandy come _________ the library and go _________ the classroom.
4. There is a bridge _________ the river.
across
across
to
to
over
5. They go _________ the forest and arrive in that city finally.
6. Can you climb _________ the tree
7. The earth(地球) travels _________ the sun.
8. Can you jump _________ the chair
through
up
round
over
9. The baby can walk _________ the bed _________ the sofa.
10. Go _________ this road and you’ll find the supermarket at the end of the road.
11. She watches TV _________ 8:00 _________ 9:00 in the evening.
12. At which stop will you get _________ the bus
from
to
along
from
to
off
There’s a bridge ________ the river.
A plan is flying ____________ the bridge.
2. It’s dangerous to swim_______ the river.
3. Can you jump _______ the benches
4. There’s a path ________ the wall.
5. A bookshelf is ____________ my bed.
6. It’s cold outside. It must be ______ 0 ℃.
7. Go ________ the street. There’re computer shops ________ the street.
over
over/above
across
Exercises
over
below
above/ over
below
across
across
8. My father often runs ____________ the lake in the morning.
9. Go _______________ the road and you’ll see the bus station_____ your right.
10. There’s an electric fan__________ the teacher’s desk.
11. People ________ 18 can watch the film.
12. There’re interesting places ________ the world.
around/along
across/along/down
Exercises
on
over/below
over
over