【高考英语宝典】考前语法微专题三 非谓语动词（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
语法微专题三---非谓语动词
一 非谓语动词作状语的用法
1．不定式作状语
(1) 作目的状语
To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard.
作结果状语（表示出乎意料）
Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky.
作原因状语 “主语(人)＋系动词＋形容词(过去分词)＋to do”
常用于这类结构中的形容词和过去分词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap,.expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good, important, impossible, dangerous, sorry, glad, happy, anxious, foolish, surprised, disappointed, excited,delighted, pleased 等。
2．分词作状语 （时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、结果等）
现在分词doing表示动作与句子主语之间是主动关系，且含有进行的意义
过去分词done 表示动作与句子主语之间是被动关系，且含有完成的意义
Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.
More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.（顺其自然的结果）
3．独立主格结构作状语
(1) 构成：逻辑主语(名词、代词)＋非谓语动词
The guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, all his attention fixed upon it.
(2) with复合结构
“with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，在句中常作伴随状语和原因状语。
I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise going on.
He stood with knees slightly bent.
二 非谓语动词作定语
1．不定式作定语
(1) 不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。
The question to be discussed at the next meeting is very important.
不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级等限定的中心词，且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主动关系。
He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.
被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见名词有：ability, power, right, chance, opportunity,idea, hope, wish, excuse, promise, attempt, way等。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
2．分词作定语
The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
The villagers built a road leading to the city.
三、非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法
1．不定式作宾语补足语
动词/动词短语＋sb.＋to do。常见的这类动词或动词短语有
advise建议 allow允许 cause导致 depend on 依靠，依赖
encourage鼓励 expect期望 forbid禁止 force强迫 intend意欲 invite邀请 order命令 persuade说服 prefer喜爱 require需要 teach教 remind提醒 want想要 warn警告 wish想要 expect期待 wait for等待
2．分词作宾语补足语
动词+宾语+ doing
done
常见动词有：get, keep，leave，set，catch，find及介词with
He tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.
We can’t leave such an important matter unfinished.
I caught him smoking a cigarette.
3．非谓语动词作感官动词和使役动词的宾补
①感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, notice等的宾补（以see为例）
see + 宾语+ doing sth 看见…正在做
do sth 看见…做了（省to不定式）
done 看见…被做
Back from his two year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.
② 使役动词have / make/ let＋宾语＋宾补
have +宾语+ do 让…做某事 make +宾语+ do 让…做某事
doing 让…持续做某事 done让…被做
done 让…被做
He had his wallet stolen on his way home.
He tried to make himself understood.
四、非谓语动词作主语/表语/宾语的用法
1. 不定式作主语和表语
It is + adj./n. + ( for sb ) to do （这种形式主语结构常考）
His wish is to be a doctor in the future. （多是将来动作）
2．动名词作主语和表语
常用于固定句型：It’s a waste of time doing ...； It’s no use/good doing ...；
It is useless ... doing ...； There is no point doing…
It is no use complaining without taking action.
3. 不定式做宾语
hope decide want plan， intend/mean打算 desire渴望
learn manage afford choose agree， tend attempt/seek试图，
refuse pretend happen碰巧 fail未能 seem/appear似乎，
promise long渴望，guarantee保证，undertake承诺干 set out着手做
4. 不定式作真宾语
make/feel /find/think/ consider/believe +it + adj./n.+ to do
5. 动名词做宾语
enjoy finish practise imagine risk permit/allow
fancy喜欢 appreciate感激 involve包括 suggest/advise/propose建议
admit承认 consider 考虑 mind介意 stand/bear/tolerate 容忍
miss错过 forbid/ban禁止 escape逃脱 delay/postpone推迟
avoid避免 deny否认 resist抵制 pardon/forgive原谅
典型题目
But that’s how nature is ---- always leaving us ____________ (astonish). (2021新高考1)
Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _________ (ache) legs. （2021新高考1）
As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟） and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or _________ (walk) through a rainforest. (2020新高考I)
It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become _________ (educate) about the areas ----both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and…（2021全国1）
Minimize the impact of ______ (visit ) the place. （2021全国乙）
Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim ________ ( have) a low impact on the natural environment. （2021全国乙）
It is possible _______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometres. （2021全国甲）
Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. （2021浙江）
Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 _________ ( find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. （2020课标全国1）
They represent the earth __________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. （2020课标全国II）
They make great gifts and you see them many times _________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. （2020课标全国II）
The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________ (find) the well-known painter. （2020全国课标III）
And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. （2020全国课标III）
Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology _______ (change) lives. （2020浙江）
Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ________ (make) use of annual floods to irrigate their fields. （2020浙江）
Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ____________ (perform) consistently over a large area. （2019全国课标1）
Scientists have reported by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集）around human settlements, leading to the illusion（错觉）that populations are higher than they actually are. （2019全国课标1）
When we got a call ________ (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. (2019课标全国II)
答案：
astonished
aching
walking
educated
visiting
to have
to walk
to plant
to find
coming
decorated
to find
surrounding
to change
making
to perform
noting
saying
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)