2022年中考英语二轮复习讲义-副词（牛津译林版）（无答案）

2022年中考英语二轮复习讲义与练习
副词
班级______ 姓名______ 学号______
一、副词的分类
1、从形态上看，分以下三种
（1）大多数副词是由形容词转换而来的
形容词 后缀方法 举例
一般情况 -ly quick—quickly, slow—slowly, strong—strongly, careful—carefully
以y结尾的双音节词 变y为i再加-ly happy—happily, heavy—heavily lucky—luckily, angry—angrily
以y结尾的单音节词 -ly shy—shyly, dry—dryly,
以e 结尾 开音节词 -ly wide—widely, polite—politely
元音字母+e结尾 去e加-ly true--truly
以le结尾 去e加-y terrible—terribly , possible—possibly
特殊变化 good—well
（2）有些副词是由“地点名词+后缀-ward(s)”构成的，例如：backward(s)向后，downward(s)向下，northward(s)向北，skyward(s)向天空等。
（3）英语中还有少数与形容词同形的副词，例如：daily, early, fast, hard, high, long, near, straight, well等。请比较它们的词义和用法：
the high jump跳高项目（形容词） a fast car行得快的汽车（形容词）
to jump high跳得高（副词） to drive fast开快车（副词）
an early riser早起的人（形容词） a straight line直线（形容词）
to get up early起得早（副词） Go straight a head.一直朝前走。（副词）
二、副词的基本用法
1、修饰动词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式、频度等。一般位于动词之后，如果动词有宾语，则要位于宾语之后。频度副词常位于助动词和连系动词be之后或实义动词之前。
(1)He arrived only yesterday. (2)She plays the piano very well.
(3)The boy is always asking his parents for money.
2、修饰形容词、副词、介词短语，一般前置，只有enough例外，需要后置。
(1)She seems quite happy. (2)This girl is not old enough to go to school.
(3)He didn’t run fast enough to catch the train.
3、修饰句子，表示说话人的看法。
(1)Hopefully we’ll win the game. (2)Honestly, I don’t know.
(3)Surprisingly, she doesn’t know me.
4、作表语，多为与介词同形的副词和表示方位的副词。
(1)Is anybody in (2)I am downstairs and my brother is upstairs.
(3)My friend is still abroad.
5、作定语，主要为表示时间或地点的副词 (here, there, in, out, up, down, below, above, upstairs, downstairs, indoors, outdoors, now, then等)，这些副词作定语时应后置。
(1)The air here is fresh. (2)Write your name in the place below.
(3)The pictures above were taken in Canada.
三、常见副词用法比较
1、how long, how soon, how often, how far的区别
6、some time及相关词的区别。
some time, sometime, some times和sometimes是常见的几个词，它们形似而含义不同。
(1)I’ll stay here for some time.
(2)Kate will be back sometime in February.
(3)Our school is some times larger than theirs.
(4)Joan sometimes goes to school by bike.
分开是“一段”，相连为“某时”。分开s是“倍、次”，相连s是“有时”。
7、巧辨too much和much too
too much意为“太多的”，much too意为“太……”。两个短语中前词为修饰语，后词为中心词，去掉修饰词，句子仍成立，意思通顺。much可作形容词修饰不可数名词；也可作代词或副词。
There has been (too) much rain lately.(much用做形容词，修饰不可数名词rain。)
It’s (much) too cold. (too用做副词，修饰形容词cold。)
Eating (too) much is bad for your health. (much用做代词，是eat的宾语。)
too much, much too, 去掉前词看后头；much可接不可数(n.)，有时也可用做副。Too则修饰形或副，以上规则请记住。
四、副词的比较等级
1、副词的比较级、最高级的变化和形容词的比较级、最高级的变化基本相同。请参见形容词比较等级的变化规则。
2、在两者之间进行比较表示“A不如B”时，部分双音节和多音节副词除了使用“not…as/so+副词原级+as”的结构外，还可以使用“less+副词原级+than”的结构。
He doesn’t write as carefully as his sister.
3、副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the。
Which do you like best
4、不规则变化表
原级 比较级 最高级
well better best
badly / ill worse worst
much more most
little less least
far farther / further farthest / furthest
强化训练：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. After the 31st Olympic Games, people all over the country thought ________(high) of the spirit of the
Women’s Volleyball Team.
2. I think Mr.Zhang is ____________(strict) of all the teachers in our school.
3. I remember_________ what Audrey Hepburn looked like in her first film. (exact)
4. Shanghai is ______________(large) than any other city in China.
5. Have you noticed the ___________(sad) on her face What has happened to her
6. Sandy can sing as ___________(good) as Wendy.
7. The doctor advised me to eat___________(healthy) and exercise a lot.
8. It’s ___________(polite) to stare at anyone or talk loudly in public.
9. After doing exercise every day, she looks much _________(thin) than before.
10. Reaching the top of the mountain, we were all breathing____________(heavy)
二、单项选择
( )1. ---How can I get a better score in the examination
---Try to do the exercises ______ and make fewer mistakes.
A. more carefully B. more nervously C. most carefully D. most nervously
( )2. ---Can you catch what the youth worker said at the meeting ---Sorry, I can ______ understand it.
A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. never
( )3. ---Millie dances very well. Where was she trained
---She learns all by herself. She _______ goes to any training class.
A. usually B. often C. never D. ever
( )4. He worked _______, but he felt _______.
A. hard; happy B. hardly; happily C. hard; happily D. hardly; happy
( )5. She speaks English_ an American, so we all believe that she has stayed in America for many years.
A. as good as B. as bad as C. as badly as D. as well as
( )6. The plane _______ arrived—over three hours late because of the heavy fog.
A. especially B. particularly C. properly D. finally
( )7. ---Mr. Smith, would you please speak a little more ___ ---Sorry. I thought you could follow me.
A. loudly B. slowly C. clearly D. politely
( )8. The boy checked his test paper _______ in order to get full marks.
A. enough careful B. enough carefully C. careful enough D. carefully enough\
( )9. The leaders are discussing the problem right now. It will __ be solved next week.
A. easily B. hopefully C. immediately D. hardly
( )10. ---David often scores _______ points of all the students.
---That is because he works _______ than any other student.
A. the fewest; harde B. the most; the hardest C. the fewest; the hardest D. the most; harder
( )11. It’s cruel _______ him to kill _______ many children with a knife.
A. of; such B. for; such C. of; so D. for; so
( )12. ---The final exam is coming. _______ I worried about it, _______ I could sleep.
---There is nothing to be regretful if you have tried your best.
A. The more; the more B. The more; the less C. The less; the more D. The less; the less
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