中考英语二轮语法知识点精讲全练 第10单元 动词的语态 课件

(共54张PPT)
第二轮　语法专项复习
第10单元　动词的语态
考 点 检 索
考 点 梳 理
课 时 作 业
参 考 答 案
考 点 检 索
考 点 梳 理
几种常见时态的被动语态
☆【典题链接】
（ ）1. [2021·辽阳改编] — Your classroom looks so clean and tidy.
— Yes, it ______ every day.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned
【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：——你们的教室看起来是如此的干净整洁。——是的，它每天都被打扫。it(classroom)和clean之间是被动关系；根据looks和every day可知，用一般现在时。故选B。
B
（ ）2. [2019·镇江改编] Have you heard the 2022 Winter Olympics ______ in Beijing
A. held 　 B. are held 　 C. will be held
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：你听说过2022年冬季奥运会将在北京举行吗？本句是含有宾语从句的主从复合句，从句的主语the 2022 Winter Olympics和谓语hold之间是被动关系，2022表示将来时间，本句应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）3. [2021·湘西] — Your ring looks nice.
— Yes, and it ______ in Thailand.
A. makes B. made C. was made
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——你的戒指看起来真漂亮。——是的，它产自泰国。it指代ring，和make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；制作戒指的动作发生在过去。故选C。
C
4. [2021·永州] The Notre Dame Cathedral(巴黎圣母院大教堂) . . (burn) by fire on April 15, 2019.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
5. 寄宿学校晚上不允许学生出校。(汉译英)
. . .
was burnt/burned
Students are not allowed out of boarding school at night
主动语态变被动语态的方法
1．变换结构图
2．变换步骤
第一步，先确定主动句的主语、谓语、宾语，找出其中的谓语动词；
第二步，把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，应把宾格变为主格；
第三步，把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变；
第四步，把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被 动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时可省略)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。
【规律总结】 主动语态变为被动语态，时态要保持一致，句式要保持一致，被动结构的主语与谓语要保持人称和数的一致。
3．几种特殊形式
谓语动词后接双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)时 把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变 He .gave me a .new .book．→I was given a .new .book by him.
把直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前通常加介词 to或 for。加to的动词有：give, bring, pass, lend, read, write, teach, show等；加for 的动词有：buy, sing, choose, make, leave, mend 等 He gave me a .new .book．→A .new .book was given to .me by him.
☆【典题链接】
6. [2021·黔南] His mother made a big cake for his birthday.(改为被动语态)
A big cake . . by his mother for his birthday.
【解析】 主动语态变被动时，谓语动词需要用“be＋过去分词”的形式，根据前句可知是一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，所以填was made。
was made
7．[2021·黔南]Thousands of tourists visit this park every year.(改为被动语态)
This park . . by thousands of tourists every year.
【解析】 分析原句，意思是每年都有成千上万的游客来参观这个公园，这是一个一般现在时的主动语态，下句this park是句子的主语，即动作的承受者，故用被动语态，时态要与上句保持一致，用is visited。
is visited
易错盘点　动词不用于被动语态的三种情况
1. 不及物动词(短语)没有被动语态，如：take place, happen, come out, break out, arrive, leave, appear, disappear, last, rise等。如：
The storm has lasted for three hours. 暴风雨已经持续三个钟头了。
The boy disappeared round the corner. 男孩在拐弯处消失了。
2. 英语有些静态动词， 如：have, fit, hold, suit等通常不用于被动语态。如：
The hall holds 2，000 people. 大厅可容纳2，000人。
3. 宾语为相互代词和反身代词时不用于被动语态。如：
He always considers himself in the right. 他总认为自己是对的。
☆【典题链接】
（ ）8. [2021·达州改编] — Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics ______， Cindy
— In Beijing, the capital of China, the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics.
A. be taken place B. take place
C. take part
【解析】 考查动词的语态和动词短语辨析。句意：——辛迪，2022年冬奥会将在哪举行？——在中国的首都北京，这是第一个举行过夏奥会和冬奥会的城市。take place“发生、举行”，不用于被动语态；take part“参加”。故选B。
B
（ ）9. [2021·宜宾] The tickets for The Wandering Earth ______ well, and they will ______ soon.
A. are sold; sell out B. are sold; sold out
C. sell; be sold out
【解析】 考查动词的语态。句意：《流浪地球》的票卖得很好，不久就会被售完。sell与well连用时，用主动形式表示被动；第二个空格前的they指代the tickets，是动作的承受者，用被动语态。故选C。
10. 他的小说下个月出版。(汉译英)
. . .
C
His novel will come out next month
课 时 作 业
一、单项填空
（ ） 1. [2021·梧州改编]— Look, what an amazing Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge!
— Yeah. It ______ in 2018.
A. completed B. was completed
C. is completed
【解析】 考查动词的语态和时态。句意：——看，港珠澳大桥多壮观呀！——是呀。它完工于2018年。it(Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge)和build之间是被动关系，in 2018表示过去的时间，故应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
B
（ ）2. [2021·铁岭改编]The Chinese traditional poems ______ to spread by popular singers.
A. is singing B. are singing
C. are sung
【解析】 考查动词的语态和主谓一致。句意：流行歌手通过歌唱(的方式)传播中国传统诗歌。主语poems与sing之间是被动关系，句子应使用一般现在时，且主语pomes是复数。故选C。
C
（ ）3. [2021·曲靖]Pu'er Tea ______ in some western areas of Yunnan.
A. plants B. was planted
C. is planted
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：普洱茶种植在云南西部的一些地区。主语tea与plant之间是被动关系，描述日常发生的事情用一般现在时。故选C。
C
（ ）4. [2021·包头]— Why did you leave that position
— I ______ a better position in another factory.
A. offer 　 B. offered 　 C. was offered
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。——你为什么离开那个职位？——另一家工厂给我提供了一个更好的职位。答语中的主语I与offer之间是被动关系，且offer动作发生在过去。故选C。
C
（ ）5. [2021·盘锦改编]Our life ______ greatly by 3D printing technology in a few years.
A. will influence B. influences
C. will be influenced
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：几年后，我们的生活将极大的被3D打印技术所影响。句中的主语our life与谓语动词influence之间是被动关系，in a few years表示将来时间，一般将来时被动语态的构成为：will be＋动词的过去分词。故选C。
C
（ ）6. [2021· 本溪改编]As far as I know, the robot that can sweep the floor ______ in the 1980s.
A. is invented B. invented
C. was invented
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：据我所知，这个能扫地的机器人发明于20世纪80年代。the robot与invent为被动关系。并且发生在20世纪80年代，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）7. [2021·贵阳]The Meitan Tea Museum, a famous building in Guizhou, ______ in the shape of a giant teapot.
A. build B. is building
C. was built
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：贵州著名的建筑——梅坦茶博物馆，以巨型茶壶的造型建成。主语The Meitan Tea Museum与动词build 之间是被动关系，build发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）8. [2021·昆明]With the rapid progress in high technology, 5G ______ around most parts of China in the near future.
A. is used 　 B. is using　 C. will be used
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：随着高科技的迅速发展，不久的将来5G将会在中国大部分地区被运用。主语5G与use之间是被动关系，in the near future表示将来时间。一般将来时被动语态的构成为：will be＋动词的过去分词。故选C。
C
（ ）9. [2021· 贵港改编] — Do you know the famous artist in red
— Sure. He ______ to the art festival in our city every year.
A. invites 　　B. invited C. is invited
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——你认识那个穿红衣服的著名的艺术家吗？——当然认识了。他每年都被邀请参加我们城市的艺术节。主语he和谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“every year”可知应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）10. [2019·海南]— China plans to send another spaceship into space.
— Wow! More and more secrets ______ soon.
A. are going to discover
B. will be discovered
C. have discovered
【解析】 考查动词的语态。句意：——中国计划发射另一艘宇宙飞船到太空。——哇！越来越多的秘密将会被发现。主语secrets与动词discover之间为被动关系，根据soon可知本句应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。
B
（ ）11. [2021·绥化改编]The little boy is crying because his toy ______ by someone a moment ago.
A. was broken B. is broken
C. broke
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：小男孩哭了。因为刚才他的玩具被某人弄坏了。从句中主语his toy与谓语break之间是被动关系，a moment ago表示过去时间。应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
A
（ ）12. [2021·吉林改编]The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees ______every year.
A. plant 　　B. planted 　　C. are planted
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：因为每年种植很多树，我家乡的环境正在改善。从句中主语trees与谓语plant之间是被动关系，根据every year可知使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）13. [2019·株洲]The students in this school ______ to choose their own school uniforms.
A. are allowed B. allowed
C. are allowing
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：学生们在这所学校被允许选择他们自己的校服。主语the students和allow 存在被动关系，且句子描述的是客观现实。故选A。
A
（ ）14. [2021·南京]The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it ______ 18 years ago.
A. set up B. is set up
C. was set up
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：中国国际搜救队自18年前成立以来，为世界各地的灾民带来了帮助和希望。since后的从句应为一般过去时，it指代The China International Search and Rescue Team，与set up之间是被动关系，空格处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）15. [2019·眉山改编]Paper______ first ______ about two thousand years ago by Cai Lun.
A. is; inventing B. is; invented
C. was; invented
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：纸最早是两千多年前由蔡伦发明的。主语Paper与invent之间是被动关系，invent这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）16. [2021·重庆A卷改编]His car ______ five years ago, but it looks quite new.
A. buys 　　B. bought 　　C. was bought
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他的车是五年前买的，但看起来很新。主语his car和buy之间是被动关系，five years ago表示过去时间，谓语动词应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）17. [2021· 达州改编]— Dr. Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s. He is a great international soldier.
— I know, so he ______ still ______ in both China and Canada now.
A. has; remembered B. is; remembered
C. will; remember
【解析】 考查动词的语态。句意：——白求恩大夫在20世纪30年代帮助了许多中国人。他是一位伟大的国际战士。——我知道。因此，他现在还一直被中国人和加拿大人所铭记。 主语he与动词remember之间是被动关系，根据now可知空格处应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
B
（ ）18. [2019·遂宁改编]Some people think trees ______ on Tree Planting Day only.
A. should plant B. should be planted
C. should be plant
【解析】 考查动词的语态。句意：一些人认为只应该在植树节那天种树。本句是含有宾语从句的主从复合句，从句的主语trees和其谓语plant之间是被动关系。should是情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态的构成为：情态动词be＋动词的过去分词。故选B。
B
（ ）19. [2021·武威改编]A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China and ______ with a special party.
A. celebrates B. is celebrated
C. was celebrated
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：在中国，婴儿的满月是一个特殊的日子，人们会举行一个特殊的聚会来庆祝。主语 a baby's first month birthday和谓语celebrate之间是被动关系，句子描述的是客观事实，空格处应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
B
（ ）20. [自贡]— Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him
— No problem! I think he ______ to think twice before starting.
A. should be told B. shouldn't be told
C. should tell
【解析】 考查动词的语态。句意：——汤姆对他的学业总是很粗心。你能帮助他吗？——没问题。我想应当告诉他在开始(做家庭作业)之前要再三考虑。空格处所在的句子为含有宾语从句的复合句，从句主语he与其谓语动词tell之间是被动关系，含有情态动词的被动语态的构成为：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。故选A。
A
（ ）21. [2021·安徽改编]The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ______ before the rainy season comes.
A. is completed　　　　B. was completed
C. will be completed
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这些村民期待这座桥的建造在雨季来临之前完成。空格处所在的句子为含有宾语从句的复合句，从句主语the bridge与complete之间是被动关系，complete尚未完成，应使用一般将来时被动语态：will be＋动词的过去分词。故选C。
C
（ ）22. [2019·重庆B卷]These machines ______ in their factory by themselves last year.
A. make 　　B. made 　　C. were made
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这些机器是去年在工厂由他们自己制造的。last year表示过去时间，主语machines与其谓语make之间是被动关系，本句应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）23. [2019·连云港]It's reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo ______ from 100% recycled material.
A. are making B. have made
C. will be made
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：据报道2020年东京奥林匹克运动会上的奖牌将会由100%的回收材料制成。be made from由……制成，in 2020表示将来时间，主语the 2020 Olympic Games和make之间是被动关系。故选C。
C
（ ）24. [2019·江西改编]Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more.
A. told 　　B. is told 　　C. was told
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：吉娜昨天去看医生，她又一次被告知良好生活习惯的重要性。yesterday表示过去时间，she与tell之间是被动关系，空格处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
C
（ ）25. [2019·临沂]Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic ______ each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created
C. creates
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：全球每年制造出3亿吨塑料，其中约10%最终流入大海。主语300 million tons of plastic和谓语动词create之间是被动关系，each year用于一般现在时。故选A。
A
（ ）26. [2019·黄冈改编]— Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
—Sorry, Mum. It ______ yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A. didn't clean B. isn't cleaned
C. wasn't cleaned
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——哦，迈克，你的房间太脏了。——抱歉，妈妈，昨天它没有被打扫。我忘记做了。主语it和谓语clean之间是被动关系，yesterday表示过去时间。故选C。
C
（ ）27. [2019·南充改编]— Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class
—Paper ______ first ______ about 2，000 years ago in China.
A. is; invented B. was; invented
C. is; inventing
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——露西，在这节历史课上你学到了什么？——纸最早在中国大约2，000年前就发明了。about 2，000 years ago表示过去时间，主语paper与动词invent之间是被动关系。故选B。
B
（ ）28. With the development of China, Chinese ______ by a large number of people in the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. speak
【解析】 考查动词的语态。句意：随着中国的发展，汉语被世界上大量的人说。Chinese与speak之间是被动关系，故选B。
B
（ ）29. Chinese New Year ______ the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.
A. is called B. was called C. calls
【解析】 考查动词的语态和时态。句意：中国新年被叫作春节。人们常常吃饺子。从句意知，句子主语Chinese New Year是动作call的承受者，本句应用被动语态表达，排除C、D；从语境知，本句应用一般现在时态。故选A。
A
（ ）30. In Switzerland, things like glass and plastic ______ into different groups and then recycled.
A. separate B. separated C. are separated
【解析】 考查动词的语态。句意：在瑞士像玻璃塑料这样的东西都进行分类，然后循环使用。根据句意可知东西是被分类，用被动语态，主语是things, 是可数名词复数。故选C。
C
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. [绥化]It's . . (say) that the pianist will come to our city next week.
2. [镇江]— The plan for summer study trip may be . . (cancel)．
— Really I'm looking forward to it.
3. [大庆]In many restaurants, tea is . . (serve) for free.
4. [常州]He says the problem . . (deal) with next year.
5. [常州]Zhu Ting, one of the best volleyball players of China, says she will return whenever she . . (need)．
said
cancelled
served
will be dealt
is needed