中考英语二轮语法知识点精讲全练 第12单元 There be句型和主谓一致 课件

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名称 中考英语二轮语法知识点精讲全练 第12单元 There be句型和主谓一致 课件
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(共59张PPT)
第二轮 语法专项复习
第12单元 There be句型和主谓一致
考 点 检 索
考 点 梳 理
课 时 作 业
参 考 答 案
考 点 检 索
一、There be句型
二、主谓一致
考 点 梳 理
语法一致原则(即主、谓语在语法形式上保持一致)
介词或介词短语作插入语,主语后有with/together with/as well as/without/including/besides/except/but等引导的短语作插入语时,谓语动词的单复数要与主语一致而与插入语无关 Mary with her mother is shopping now. 玛丽正和她妈妈一起购物。
All the students, including Tom, are going to the park. 所有的学生包括汤姆在内都要去公园。
“half of, a lot of, most of, plenty of等+名词”或者“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于后面名词的单复数。如果是不可数名词或可数名词单数,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式 Half of the teachers are women.一半老师是女老师。
Two thirds of the country is covered with trees.这个国家的三分之二覆盖着绿树。
☆【典题链接】
( )1. [2021·南通改编] — What do you think of yesterday's activity in your community
— Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self protection ______.
A. is offered B. are offered
C. was offered
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:——你认为昨天你们社区的活动如何?——很精彩。提供了许多有用的有关自我保护的建议。yesterday's activity表示过去的活动;advice是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数。故选C。
C
( )2. [2019·绥化改编] Eighty percent of the students in this school ______ three to five times a week.
A. exercises B. exercise C. exercising
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这所学校百分之八十的学生每周运动三到五次。three to five times a week多用于一般现在时;eighty percent of the students表示复数意义,谓语动词用原形。故选B。
B
( )3. [2021·齐齐哈尔改编] Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary ______ to Beijing.
A. have been B. have gone C. has been
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:我们班除了汤姆和玛丽之外,每个人都去过北京。该句主语为不定代词everyone, except Tom and Mary作插入语,不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数。故选C。
( )4. [2021·永州] Playing computer games too often ______ bad for us.
A. am B. is C. are
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:玩电脑游戏太多对我们有害。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故选B。
C
B
5. [2019·白银] I like teachers who . . (be) always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.
6. 我有两个好朋友,一个来自英国。(汉译英)
. . .
are
I have two good friends .One of them is from the UK
意义一致原则 (即主、谓语在意义上保持一致关系)
☆【典题链接】
( )7. [2021·遵义] Tom's family is a big one. And the family ______ together to have a big dinner on Christmas Eve every year.
A. get B. gets C. got
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:汤姆的家是个大家庭。每年圣诞节前夕全家人聚在一起吃一顿大餐。family表示“家庭,家人”,是集合名词,视为整体时,具有单数意义,若考虑其个体时,则具有复数意义。根据句意此处指“所有家庭成员”,是复数,根据every year可知,本句是一般现在时,故谓语动词用原形。故选A。
A
( )8. [2021·恩施] Three years ______ and we've made so many friends during our junior school.
A. has passed B. has past
C. have passed
【解析】 考查主谓一致及词汇辨析。句意:三年过去了,在我们的初中阶段我们结交了如此多朋友。three years作主语是单数概念,故现在完成时用“has+动词过去分词”;pass的过去分词是passed。故选A。
A
9. Two and half an hour . . (be) a long time for me to do my homework.(用所给单词的适当形式填空)
10. [2019·淮安改编] 经过四十年的发展,淮安已变成一座现代化的城市。(汉译英)
. . . .
is
Forty years' development has changed .Huai'an into a modern city
就近原则(即谓语的单、复数取决于离谓语最近的主语的单、复数形式)
☆【典题链接】
( )11. There ______ a pencil and some pens in the box.
A. is B. are C. aren't
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:盒子里有一个铅笔和一些钢笔。在there be 句式中be动词与靠近的主语保持数的一致,故选A。
A
( )12. Not only you but also everyone here ______ watching football matches.
A. likes B. like C. is like
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:不但你而且在这里的所有人都喜欢看足球赛。not only…but also…连接名词作主语时,遵循就近原则。主语是everyone,不定代词视为单数,谓语动词like 用单数likes。故选A。
13. 她和我历史考试都没有不及格。(汉译英)
. . .
A
Neither she nor I failed the history exam
课 时 作 业
单项填空
( )1. [2021铜仁改编] Mr. Wang together with his wife and children ______ in the countryside.
A. enjoys living B. enjoy living
C. enjoys to live
【解析】 考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。句意:王先生和他的妻子以及孩子喜欢在乡下生活。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事,主语是Mr.Wang表示单数,together with his wife and children作伴随状语。故选A。
A
( )2. [2021·凉山改编] — What's in the picture on the wall
— There ______ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.
A. has B. are C. is
【解析】 考查there be 句型。句意:——墙上那幅画里有什么?——有一位老师和一些学生在操场上踢球。there be句型遵循就近原则,和be靠近的是a teacher。故选C。
C
( )3. [2021·福建] There ______ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.
A. is B. are C. be
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:桌子上有一大碗饺子。主语为a large bowl of jiaozi,故be动词应该用is。故选A。
A
( )4. [2019·兰州改编] Peter with his classmates ______ for the bus when the earthquake happened.
A. is waiting B. was waiting
C. are waiting
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:彼得和他的同学在地震发生的时候,正在等公交车。本句为含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句,从句使用一般过去时,主句使用过去进行时。主语Peter是第三人称单数,with his classmates作伴随状语。故选B。
B
( )5. [2021·郴州] — Lucy, there ______ too many things on the desk. What a mess!
— Sorry, Mum. I'll put them away.
A. have B. is C. are
【解析】 考查there be句型。句意:——露西,桌子上有太多的东西。太乱了!——对不起,妈妈。我马上收拾好。主语things是复数形式。故选C。
C
( )6. [2021·湘西] — There ______ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a look with me
— Sure. I'd love to.
A. is B. have C. are
【解析】 考查there be句型。句意:——我们学校有一场书籍促销活动,你愿意跟我一起去看看吗?——当然,我乐意去。主语a book sale是单数。故选A。
A
( )7. [2021·吉林] Let's save pandas! There ______ only about 2,000 pandas living in the forests now.
A. am B. is C. are
【解析】 考查there be句型。句意:让我们拯救大熊猫吧!现在森林里只有大概两千只大熊猫了。在there be结构中,be动词与后面相邻的主语保持数的一致。本句中后面的中心词是pandas,故be动词用复数形式。故选C。
C
( )8. [2021·泰州改编] Neither Jim nor Tom ______ Australia before, but they know the country very well.
A. has gone to B. has been to
C. have gone to
【解析】 考查主谓一致和短语辨析。句意:吉姆和汤姆以前都没去过澳大利亚,但他们对这个国家很了解。neither…nor…连接主语时,谓语动词根据“就近原则”确定适当形式,主语Tom提示谓语助动词用has,下文but引导的转折句意提示用has been to表示“去过”。故选B。
B
( )9. [2021·攀枝花改编] One great thing about Singapore, unlike most other Asian countries, ______ that the temperature is almost the same all year round.
A. are B. is C. was
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:新加坡最大的一个特点就是,一年四季温度都差不多,不像其他亚洲国家。主语one great thing about Singapore是第三人称单数,叙述现在的情况用一般现在时。故选B。
( )10. [2021·常德] Fifty yuan ______ enough.
A. is B. am C. are
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:50元足够了。主语fifty yuan看作整体,表示单数意义,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 故选A。
B
A
( )11. [2021·郴州] — Look! A woman with three children ______ crossing the street.
— Let's help them.
A. is B. are C. was
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:——看!一个带着三个孩子的妇女正在穿过街道。——让我们帮帮他们吧。主语a woman是单数形式,因此谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式;look提示用现在进行时。 故选A。
A
( )12. [2021·铜仁改编] She with her mother often ______ hills on Sundays.
A. climbs B. climb C. climbed
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:她和她的妈妈经常在周日爬山。with her mother作状语,主语是she,谓语动词应用单数,on Sundays提示用一般现在时。 故选A。
A
( )13. [2021·安顺改编] The number of the elderly (老人) ______ increasing in China, and with the development of China economy, they ______ better care of in the future.
A. is; will take B. are; are taken
C. is; will be taken
【解析】 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意:中国老人的数目正在增加,而且随着中国经济的发展,他们将来会得到更好的照顾。the number of表示“……的数量”,跟复数名词连用作主语时,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数。第二空提到在将来他们被照顾得更好,因此用将来时的被动语态。 故选C。
C
( )14. [2021·泰州] Not only children but also my husband ______ crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea(《红海行动》).
A. is B. are C. am
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:不仅孩子们而且我的丈夫都热衷于电影《红海行动》。not only…but also…连接主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”,my husband是第三人称单数,用is。 故选A。
A
( )15. [2021·河池改编] Each of us ______ WeChat (微信) nowadays even the old people.
A. plays B. play C. playing
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:目前我们每个人都玩微信,甚至老年人(也玩)。由语境可知:这里介绍的是目前的一种现象,故谓语动词用一般现在时。“each of+名词”的复数或代词的宾格,意为“……当中的每一个”,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 故选A。
A
( )16. [2021·长春改编] Nowadays, there ______ more heroes in China. We admire them a lot.
A. is B. are C. was
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:现在在中国有更多的英雄。我们非常尊敬他们。nowadays表示“现在”,所以该句应用一般现在时;there be 句型中be动词的数遵循“就近原则”,heroes为复数,故用are。 故选B。
B
( )17. [2021·东营改编] There ______ six countries in SCO (上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight.
A. is B. are C. were
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:起初,上合组织有六个成员国,但是现在成员的数量已经上升到8个。根据句中的at first以及与之相对应的now可推知,这里要用一般过去时。句子的主语是名词复数countries,故选C。
C
( )18. [2021·镇江改编] — Do you enjoy the songs sung by Jay Chou
— Of course. Not only I but also my parents ______ his fans.
A. am B. are C. was
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:——你喜欢周杰伦唱的歌吗?——当然。不仅我而且我的父母都是他的粉丝。上文Do you enjoy…提示答语用一般现在时;not only…but also…连接并列主语时谓语动词根据“就近原则”用but also后的主语确定谓语动词单复数形式。主语my parents用are。 故选B。
B
( )19. [2021·六盘水改编] The number of the students ______ over 2,000 in our school.
A. is B. are C. be
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:我们学校学生的数量超过2,000。the number of意为“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 故选A。
( )20. [2021·贵阳] We all know that one of the world's most popular sports ______ football.
A. am B. is C. are
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:我们都知道足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。one of修饰可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 故选B。
A
B
( )21. [2021·烟台改编] There ______ a number of books in the library and the number of them ______ increasing.
A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is
【解析】 考查there be句型和主谓一致。句意:在图书馆有大量的书籍并且它们的数量在日益增加。第一个分句中的主语a number of books表示复数;第二个分句中的主语the number of表示单数。故选C。
C
( )22. [2021·六盘水改编] Running ______ a good way to exercise every day.
A. is B. was C. are
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:每天跑步是一个很好的锻炼方式。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;根据时间状语every day,可知句子用一般现在时。故选A。
( )23. [2021·上海] The twins ______ fond of the new idea in the magazine article.
A. be B. am C. are
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:这对双胞胎非常喜欢杂志文章中的新观点。主语the twins表示复数,谓语动词要用复数形式。 故选C。
A
C
( )24. [2021·自贡] Everybody except Mike and Linda ______ there when the meeting began.
A. are B. was C. were
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:除了迈克和琳达之外的所有人在会议开始的时候都在。这句话的主语是everybody, 从句谓语动词began提示用过去时,因此用was。 故选B。
B
( )25. [2021·孝感改编] Both Kate and I ______ ready for the new high school life.
A. am B. is C. are
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:凯特和我都为新的学校生活做好了准备。both…and…连接两个主语时,后面的谓语动词要用复数形式。 故选C。
C
( )26. [2021·邵阳] One of my friends ______ moved to America. I miss her so much.
A. has B. have C. are
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:我的一个朋友搬到了美国。我非常想念她。One of my friends为第三人称单数,谓语动词要用单数形式。 故选A。
A
( )27. [2021·巴中] In our city there ______ a number of cars and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger.
A. are; is B. have; is C. is; are
【解析】 考查there be句型和主谓一致。句意:我们城市有大量的小汽车,而且数量越来越多。a number of cars意为“大量的小汽车”,句子的谓语动词用复数形式;the number of意为“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。表示某地有什么应用there be句型。 故选A。
A
( )28. [2021·乐山] Don't worry. There ______ enough water, vegetables and fruits in the fridge.
A. have B. are C. is
【解析】 考查there be句型和主谓一致。句意:不要担心。冰箱里有足够的水、蔬菜和水果。表示“有……”应用there be句型,没有there have这种表达。there be句型遵循“就近原则”,所以用is。 故选C。
C
( )29. One of my friends ______ moved to America, I miss her so much.
A. has B. have C. are
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:我的一位朋友搬到了美国。我非常想念她。one of my friends为单数第三人称,故选A。
A
( )30. My sister with my parents ______ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.
A. are making B. is making
C. was making
【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意:我昨晚回家时,我妹妹和我父母亲在做饺子。由主语My sister为第三人称单数和时间为yesterday evening可知用过去进行时。故选C。
C